Manes
Videos
In ancient Roman religion, the Manes or Di Manes are chthonic deities sometimes thought to represent souls of deceased loved ones. They were associated with the Lares, Lemures, Genii, and Di Penates a
The abbreviation D.M. at the top of this 3rd-century Christian tombstone stands for Dis Manibus, "to the Spirits of the Dead"
Bas relief from Arch of Marcus Aurelius showing sacrifice
Di Penates
Videos
In ancient Roman religion, the Di Penates or Penates were among the dii familiares, or household deities, invoked most often in domestic rituals. When the family had a meal, they threw a bit into the
Manes
…or Di Manes are chthonic deities sometimes thought to represent souls of deceased loved ones. They were associated with the Lares, Lemures, Genii, and Di Penates as deities (di) that pertained to domestic, local, and personal cult. They belonged broadly to the category of di inferi, "those who dwell below", the…
Aeneas and the Penates, from a 4th-century manuscript
AR serrate denarius of C. Sulpicius C. f. Galba