1.
Emmy Award
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An Emmy Award, or simply Emmy, recognizes excellence in the television industry, and corresponds to the Academy Award, the Tony Award, and the Grammy Award. Because Emmy Awards are given in various sectors of the American television industry, Regional Emmy Awards are also presented throughout the country at various times through the year, recognizing excellence in local and statewide television. In addition, International Emmys are awarded for excellence in TV programming produced, each is responsible for administering a particular set of Emmy ceremonies. The Los Angeles-based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences established the Emmy Award as part of an image-building and public relations opportunity. The first Emmy Awards ceremony took place on January 25,1949, at the Hollywood Athletic Club, shirley Dinsdale has the distinction of receiving the very first Emmy Award for Most Outstanding Television Personality, during that first awards ceremony. In the 1950s, the ATAS expanded the Emmys into a national event, in 1955, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences was formed in New York City as a sister organization to serve members on the East Coast, and help to also supervise the Emmys. The NATAS also established regional chapters throughout the United States, with each one developing their own local Emmy awards show for local programming, the ATAS still however maintained its separate regional ceremony honoring local programming in the Los Angeles Area. Originally there was only one Emmy Awards ceremony held per year to honor shows nationally broadcast in the United States, in 1974, the first Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held to specifically honor achievement in national daytime programming. Other area-specific Emmy Awards ceremonies soon followed, also, the International Emmy Awards, honoring television programs produced and initially aired outside the U. S. was established in the early 1970s. Meanwhile, all Emmys awarded prior to the emergence of these separate, in 1977, due to various conflicts, the ATAS and the NATAS agreed to split ties. However, they agreed to share ownership of the Emmy statue and trademark. With the rise of television in the 1980s, cable programs first became eligible for the Primetime Emmys in 1988. The ATAS also began accepting original online-only web television programs in 2013, the Emmy statuette, depicting a winged woman holding an atom, was designed by television engineer Louis McManus, who used his wife as the model. The TV Academy rejected a total of forty-seven proposals before settling on McManus design in 1948. The statuette has become the symbol of the TV Academys goal of supporting and uplifting the art and science of television, The wings represent the muse of art. When deciding a name for the award, Academy founder Syd Cassyd originally suggested Ike, however, Ike was also the popular nickname of World War II hero and future U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the Academy members wanted something unique. Finally, television engineer and the third president, Harry Lubcke, suggested the name Immy. After Immy was chosen, it was feminized to Emmy to match their female statuette
2.
Creston, Iowa
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Creston is a city in and the county seat of Union County, Iowa, United States. The population was 7,834 at the 2010 census, Creston was originally settled in 1868 as a survey camp for the workers with the Burlington and Missouri Railroad. The campsite was on the crest on the line between the Missouri and Mississippi, hence the name Creston. Creston was chosen as the point for the railroad (now the Burlington Northern-Santa Fe, which built machine shops, roundhouse. The town was incorporated in 1871, a new railroad station was constructed in 1899 and the three-story structure served passengers for 69 years. The depot was renovated in 1978 to serve as a City Municipal Building, the old machine shop building was destroyed by a tornado in 1946. The remainder of the burned down in 1981. Creston has a railroad history. Creston is also a stop on the BNSF Railway, rail crews based in Creston work from Creston to Galesburg, Illinois and Lincoln, Nebraska. The former Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad depot, a 2-story, yellow-brick, red tile-roofed French Provincial structure, on April 14,2012 the town was hit by a tornado. The tornado was rated an EF2 and caused damage to the hospital, community college. The towns tornado sirens for some reason did not activate and the tornado caught people off guard, patients at the hospital were transferred to the gymnasium of the nearby community college. The college suffered roof and window damage to its dorms and students were transferred to local hotels for the rest of the school semester, fourteen people suffered minor injuries, but no deaths occurred. The Greater Regional Medical Center was just two away from an open house to unveil a major renovation when the tornado severely damaged it. One year after the tornado and $10 million in renovations later, Creston is located on U. S. Route 34 in southern Iowa, about 80 miles east of Omaha, Nebraska. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 5.25 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 7,834 people,3,378 households, the population density was 1,509.4 inhabitants per square mile. There were 3,773 housing units at a density of 727.0 per square mile
3.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
4.
Parsons College
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Parsons College was a private liberal arts college located in Fairfield, Iowa. The school was named for its benefactor, Lewis B. Parsons Sr. and was founded in 1875 with one building and 34 students. Over the years new buildings were constructed as enrollment expanded, the school lost its accreditation in 1948 but regained it two years later. In 1955 the school appointed Millard G. Roberts as its president, there was a turning point, however, in 1966 when Life magazine published an article criticizing the college and its president. Later that year the school lost its accreditation and Roberts was asked to resign as president, enrollment quickly declined and the college floundered with $14 million in debt and closed under bankruptcy in 1973. Parsons College was named for Lewis B, Parsons, Sr. a wealthy New York merchant who died in 1855 and left much of his estate as an endowment for an institution of higher learning in Iowa. His sons, the executors of Parsons estate, considered a number of locations for the school and 20 years later chose a tract of land just north of Fairfield. The residents of Fairfield promised $27,516 towards the college, the college opened in 1875 with 34 students who attended classes in the brick home called the Mansion that was built in 1857 by Congressman Bernhart Henn. The faculty were three Presbyterian ministers and enrollment grew to 63 students by year end, alexander G. Wilson was in charge of faculty and held the title of rector. He also oversaw the colleges preparatory department, which became the Parsons Academy until its closure in 1917. A $7,000 chapel building was erected in 1876, and John Armstrong succeeded Wilson and assumed the title of president, until August 12,1879. The third president was Thomas Davis Ewing, who served from 1880 to 1890, the first football game played at Parsons was on September 16,1893, against Elliot Business College of Burlington, Iowa. Parsons won by a score of 70-0 and this monumental win prompted the construction of Blum stadium for the 1894 season. In 1896 Daniel E. Jenkins became college president at the age of 30 and was the youngest of the 16 who held the title during the schools 98-year history, the college rebounded by raising funds from board members and other local residents for new construction. In 1903 Fairfield Hall and Foster Hall were completed and the Carnegie Library was opened in 1907 due in part to a donation from philanthropist Andrew Carnegie and these new buildings were in the Beaux Arts-style and were designed by a Chicago architect named Henry K. Holsman. In 1908, college trustee, Theodore Wells Barhydt donated $33,000 for a chapel which was built in Norman Gothic style and it was completed in 1909 and named the Barhydt Memorial Chapel in honor of Barhydts parents. The chapel included $1,800 worth of art-glass windows, the Trustee Gymnasium opened in 1910 and later an extension to the chapel called the Bible Building and later renamed Parsons Hall. Enrollment steadily increased after World War I but declined during the World War II years, the college was strengthened by appointment of college president Tom E. Shearer in 1948 and it regained accreditation in 1950
5.
Situation comedy
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A situation comedy, or sitcom, is a genre of comedy centered on a fixed set of characters who carry over from episode to episode. Sitcoms can be contrasted with sketch comedy, where a troupe may use new characters in each sketch, and stand-up comedy, Sitcoms originated in radio, but today are found mostly on television as one of its dominant narrative forms. This form can also include mockumentaries, a situation comedy television program may be recorded in front of a studio audience, depending on the programs production format. The effect of a studio audience can be imitated or enhanced by the use of a laugh track. The terms situational comedy or sitcom werent commonly used until the 1950s, there were prior examples on radio, but the first television sitcom is said to be Pinwrights Progress, ten episodes being broadcast on the BBC in the United Kingdom between 1946 and 1947. There have been few long-running Australian-made sitcoms, but many U. S. UK sitcoms are a staple of government broadcaster Australian Broadcasting Corporation, in the 1970s and 1980s many UK sitcoms also screened on the Seven Network. By 1986, UK comedies Bless This House and Are You Being Served, had been repeated by ABC Television several times, and were then acquired and screened by the Seven Network, in prime time. In 1981, Daily at Dawn was the first Australian comedy series to feature a gay character. In 1987, Mother and Son was winner of the Television Drama Award presented by the Australian Human Rights Commission, in 2013, Please Like Me was praised by the critics, receiving an invitation to screen at the Series Mania Television Festival in Paris. And has garnered three awards and numerous nominations, nominated to the 2012 Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Awards for Best Television Comedy Series. Conversely, however, Canadian television has had greater success with sketch comedy and dramedy series. The popular show King of Kensington, aired from 1975 to 1980, corner Gas, which ran for six seasons from 2004 to 2009, became an instant hit, averaging a million viewers per episode. It has been the recipient of six Gemini Awards, and has been nominated almost 70 times for various awards, other noteworthy recent sitcoms have included Call Me Fitz and Schitts Creek, Letterkenny and Kims Convenience. Sitcoms started appearing on Indian television in the 1980s, with serials like Yeh Jo Hai Zindagi, since it ceased production in 1992, the show has earned an estimated billion in syndication fees alone for Televisa. Gliding On, a popular sit-com in New Zealand in the early 1980s, won awards over the course of its run, including Best Comedy, Best Drama. The first Russian sitcom series was Strawberry, which was aired in 1996-1997 on the RTR channel, however, the boom of Russian sitcoms began only in the 2000s - when in 2004 the STS started very successful sitcom My Fair Nanny. Since that time sitcoms in Russia were produced by the two largest entertainment channels of the country - STS and TNT, in 2007 the STS released the first original domestic sitcom - Daddys Daughters, and in 2010 TNT released Interns - the first sitcom, filmed as a comedy. Most American sitcoms generally include episodes of 20 to 30 minutes in length, some popular British shows have been successfully adapted for the U. S
6.
The Bob Newhart Show
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The Bob Newhart Show is an American sitcom produced by MTM Enterprises that aired on CBS from September 16,1972, to April 1,1978, with a total of 142 half-hour episodes spanning over six seasons. Comedian Bob Newhart portrays a psychologist having to deal with his patients, the show was filmed before a live audience. The show centers on Robert Hartley, Ph. D. a Chicago psychologist, Carlin was ranked 49th in TV Guides List of the 50 Greatest TV Characters of All Time, and Riley reprised the character in guest appearances on both St. Elsewhere and Newhart. Most of the situations involve Newharts character playing straight man to his wife, colleagues, friends, and patients. A frequent running gag on the show is an extension of Newharts stand-up comedy routines, where Newhart played one side of a telephone conversation, in a nod to this, for the first two seasons, the episodes opened with Bob answering the telephone by saying Hello. Emily routinely acts as straight woman to slow-witted Howard, and on occasion to Bob, during the winter of the 1976–77 season, the program moved to 8,30 p. m. EST. For its final season during 1977–78, the moved to 8,00 p. m. EST. The program typically aired following The Mary Tyler Moore Show, which was produced by MTM Enterprises. In 1977, the show received two Emmy nominations – for Outstanding Comedy Series and for Pleshette for Outstanding Continued Performance by an Actress in a Comedy Series, Newhart was nominated for Golden Globes as Best TV Actor—Musical/Comedy in 1975 and 1976. In 1997, the episodes Over the River and Through the Woods and Death Be My Destiny were respectively ranked No.9, TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time listed it as No.44. In 2007, Time magazine placed the show on its unranked list of 100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME, bravo ranked Bob Hartley 84th on their list of the 100 greatest TV characters. In 2004, TV Land commemorated the show with a statue of Newhart in character as Dr. Hartley, seated and facing an empty couch, the statue was temporarily installed in front of 430 North Michigan Avenue, the building used for exterior establishing shots of Hartleys office. The statue is now located in the sculpture park in front of Chicagos Navy Pier entertainment complex. In 2005, the TV Land Awards honored The Bob Newhart Show with its Icon Award, in 2013, TV Guide ranked the series #49 on its list of the 60 Best Series of All Time. St. Elsewhere Jack Riley reprised his Elliot Carlin role on a 1985 episode of St. Elsewhere and partnered with Oliver Clark as the amnesiac John Doe Number Six. Carlin and Doe have been committed to the mental ward. Carlin blames his insanity on an unnamed quack in Chicago, while Oliver Clarks recurring portrayal of John Doe Number Six is essentially identical to Mr. Herd, the two are never stated to be the same individual. In a nod to the Mary Tyler Moore Show, John Doe Number Six addresses a character played by Betty White as Sue Ann Nivens, which Betty Whites character denied
7.
Edna Krabappel
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Edna Krabappel /krəˈbɑːpəl/ is a cartoon character from the animated television series The Simpsons, who was voiced by Marcia Wallace until her death in 2013. She is the teacher of Bart Simpsons 4th grade class at Springfield Elementary School, Krabappel was the only character that Wallace voiced on a regular basis. Following Wallaces death, the producers announced their intention to retire the character. Episodes featuring Edna since then have been small no-dialogue cameos, until the epilogue of the 25th season episode The Man Who Grew Too Much, Edna Krabappel holds a Masters from Bryn Mawr College. She is a grumpy and jaded caricature of the American public school system, in The Seemingly Never-Ending Story, it is revealed that she was once a very optimistic woman who genuinely wanted to help people in need. It would seem that after years of frustration thanks to the school, and Bart Simpson in particular, there is some inconsistency about Ednas origins. She is said to have come to Springfield to begin teaching in The Seemingly Never-Ending Story, Krabappel smokes heavily, especially during school hours. In the episode Grade School Confidential, she and Principal Skinner have a romance after they are invited to Martin Princes party and they are witnessed kissing in Martins playhouse by Bart. Principal Skinner then sends Bart to relay a message to Edna in front of his classmates who laugh at him and he then shows them what they are doing and tells them not to tell anyone about their relationship, especially Superintendent Chalmers. Unknown to Bart they lose their jobs when Superintendent Chalmers finds out about their affair via Chief Wiggum and they also apologize to Bart for embarrassing him. After getting their jobs back they resume their romance in the Janitors closet, in Bart Gets a Z, she is fired from teaching after getting drunk and decides to open a muffin store. She is later rehired when the teacher gets drunk. In Moms Id Like to Forget, she gets into a fight with the fifth grade teacher, Mike who talked badly about her students, a recurring theme is Ms. Krabappels desire for a romantic partner. She is divorced, in Separate Vocations, she implies that her husband ran off with their marriage counselor, in Barts Friend Falls in Love, while the children are watching a Sex Ed film, she says to the children in disgust, Shes faking it. Also, when asked by Nelson Muntz about why she does not live with Mr. Krabappel in the episode, she tells him that her ex-husband chased something small. In One Fish, Two Fish, Blowfish, Blue Fish, the episode Bart the Lover was the first episode to give Krabappel a central role, and also to expand her character and personality. Krabappel appears to be desired by men, as seen in Sideshow Bobs outrage wherein his romantic date with her is ruined by a spying Bart. Another theme is her relationship with the principal, Seymour Skinner
8.
The Simpsons
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The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series is a depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa. The show is set in the town of Springfield and parodies American culture, society, television. The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks, Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name. The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19,1987. After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into a prime time show and became an early hit for Fox. Since its debut on December 17,1989,615 episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast and its 28th season began on September 25,2016. It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program, the Simpsons Movie, a feature-length film, was released in theaters worldwide on July 27,2007, and grossed over $527 million. On May 4,2015, the series was renewed for seasons 27 and 28, on November 4,2016, the series was renewed for seasons 29 and 30, consisting of 22 episodes each. The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine or ten seasons, Time named it the 20th centurys best television series, and Erik Adams of The A. V. Club named it televisions crowning achievement regardless of format, on January 14,2000, the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series, including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards,30 Annie Awards, Homers exclamatory catchphrase Doh. has been adopted into the English language, while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms. Despite this, the show has also criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years. The Simpsons are a family who live in a fictional Middle American town of Springfield, Homer, the father, works as a safety inspector at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, a position at odds with his careless, buffoonish personality. He is married to Marge Simpson, a stereotypical American housewife, although the family is dysfunctional, many episodes examine their relationships and bonds with each other and they are often shown to care about one another. The family owns a dog, Santas Little Helper, and a cat, Snowball V, renamed Snowball II in I, both pets have had starring roles in several episodes. The show includes an array of supporting characters, co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople. The creators originally intended many of these characters as jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town
9.
General store
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A general store is a rural or small town store that carries a general line of merchandise. It carries a selection of merchandise, sometimes in a small space. The store carries routine stock and obtains special orders from warehouses and it differs from a convenience store or corner shop in that it will be the main shop for the community rather than a convenient supplement. General stores often sell staple food items such as milk and bread, the term general merchandise store is also used to describe a hybrid of a department store, with a wide selection of goods, and a discount store, with low prices. Examples include J. C. Penney and Sears, General dealers were established in the 18th and 19th century in many remote populated places where mobility was limited and a single shop was sufficient to service the entire community. Due to its connection and confinement to its customers, general dealers often adjusted their sales offerings to the specific preferences of their community. General dealers existed—apart from mainland England and North America—in all colonies, in the colonies trade in local produce had existed long before official shops were opened. While a large number of stores still exist in Australia. The oldest continually run general store in Canada is Trousdales, located in Sydenham, Ontario, socialbility has always been a feature, as locals come to chat as well as buy. In the Dominican Republic, a colmado is the equivalent to a general store. Colmado literal translation is full to the brim implying its great density of goods in a small space, the colmado is much more than just a general store, for it offers a social gathering point for the residents of the town or neighborhood. The colmado is an important institution in the Dominican Republic serving as an economic and it is common for colmados to have loud Dominican music such as merengue, bachata, or salsa playing. A common pastime for Dominican men is to play dominoes and drink a beer at their local colmado on Sundays, another particularity of the colmado is that they provide delivery services of their products straight to your house door. Products go from beers, snacks, toilet paper to a light or canned food. The Greek merchants in Egypt were called bakal, in India, a tapri is a regional version of a general store. It stores all home, personal, medical, and hygienic daily used products, many Kirana shops sell products other from food, such as clothing or household items, stationery, toys, tools, and medicines. Small Kirna stores, which are located on the corner of streets and generally known as katta or tapri, sell cigarettes, tobacco. In Puerto Rico, a U. S. territory, several stores have proliferated since the 1970s
10.
Fairfield, Iowa
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Fairfield is a city in, and the county seat of, Jefferson County, Iowa, United States. It has a population totaling 9,464 people according to the 2010 census and it is a Midwestern city surrounded by rolling farmlands filled with corn, soybean, cattle, and hogs with a median family income of $46,138. The city became the county seat in 1839 with 110 residents and its library was established in 1853, and it held its first fair in 1854. Early architecture includes work by George Franklin Barber and Barry Byrne, the city has an “abundance of start-up companies” and has been called one of the states economic superstars. It has received The Grassroots Rural Entrepreneurship Award, been nicknamed “silicorn valley, ” and was featured in a 2012 episode of the TV show, Oprahs Next Chapter. It has been the home of Maharishi University of Management since 1974 and has referred to as the worlds largest training center for practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation technique. The city includes the $6 million Fairfield Arts & Convention Center, in 2010, it was named one of six Iowa Great Places. It was named by Smithsonian magazine as one of The 20 Best Small Towns to Visit in 2013, the city has 12 public parks and recreation areas consisting of more than 1,300 acres and is governed by a seven-member city council. The Fairfield Community School District is home to nearly 2,500 students, teachers, administrators, the city has two private schools, Maharishi School of the Age of Enlightenment and Cornerstone Primary School. Fairfield has its own airport, several radio stations, a local public-access television station. The area now known as Jefferson County was first settled in 1836, the name was suggested by Nancy Bonnifield, one of the settlers, because it aptly described the fair fields of the area. But also author Susan Welty suggests it was a play of words on her own name, by 1840, Fairfield had a population of 110 and grew to 650 in 1847. The city was the site of the first and second Iowa State Fairs, Fairfields library was established in 1853, and was the first library in the state of Iowa. It was first housed in a room off the city square. Fairfields library became the first Carnegie Library outside of Pennsylvania or Scotland funded by Andrew Carnegie, the Carnegie building on the corner of Washington and Court streets became the librarys home on November 28,1893. Then in May 1996, the moved to its present location on West Adams Street. The library has over 220,000 items and received accreditation from the State Library of Iowa in 2009, the first fair was held October 25–27,1854 on 6 acres of land surrounded by a 10-foot-high fence. The total cost to hold the fair was around $320, and it is estimated that between 7,000 and 10,000 fair goers attended this historical event
11.
Delta Zeta
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Delta Zeta is an international college sorority founded on October 24,1902, at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. Today, Delta Zeta has 160 collegiate chapters in the United States and over 200 alumnae chapters in the United States, as of 2013, there are over 244,400 college and alumnae members, making them the third largest sorority in the nation. Delta Zeta Sorority was founded at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1902, Miami is dubbed the Mother of Fraternities because of the many prominent mens fraternities which were founded there. Six of the newly admitted females consulted university president Dr. Guy Potter Benton regarding the founding of the first sorority chapter. Having been a leader in the Phi Delta Theta fraternity he was familiar with the processes of a Greek organization, Benton aided in preparation of the ritual, badge, and colors. For his contributions, he was named the Grand Patron, the Delta Zeta Sorority was officially incorporated in October 24,1902. The founding members were, Alfa Lloyd Hayes, Mary Jane Collins, Anna Louise Keen, Julia Lawrence Bishop, Mabelle May Minton, the women were harassed for wanting to form a sorority. In one account, someone stole the constitution out of the hand but Dr. Benton pursued the offender. The sorority joined the National Panhellenic Conference in 1910, Delta Zeta has absorbed four other sororities, Beta Phi Alpha in 1941, Phi Omega Pi in 1946, Delta Sigma Epsilon in 1956, and Theta Upsilon in 1962. Delta Zeta marked its Centennial Celebration in 2002, Delta Zetas official colors are rose and green. The Roman lamp is considered the official symbol, dZs flower is the pink killarney rose, while the official stone is the diamond. Delta Zetas officially recognized mascot is the turtle, Delta Zeta partners with Starkey Hearing Foundation and is committed to philanthropy. DZ implements a Heart For Hearing to raise money for the foundation, since 1954, the national philanthropy of Delta Zeta is speech and hearing. Part of the Delta Zeta creed states, To those whom my life may touch in slight measure, may I give graciously of what is mine, Delta Zeta has national partnerships with the Starkey Hearing Foundation and Gallaudet University. Individual chapters may also support local organizations in their area, in addition, Delta Zeta supports The Painted Turtle Camp as a national service project. This camp supports children with chronic and life-threatening illnesses, Delta Zeta is committed to supporting the camp financially through donations, as well as with our time through volunteering in the camps themselves. There is a philanthropic organization for active members of Delta Zeta known as the 1902 Loyalty Society. The National Council of Delta Zeta is an alumnae board tasked with the governance of the organization, at the end of 2006, the Delta Chapter of Delta Zeta at DePauw University became enmeshed in a controversy that would eventually make national headlines and result in the chapters closure
12.
Brigadoon
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Brigadoon is a musical with a book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner, and music by Frederick Loewe. Songs from the musical, such as Almost Like Being in Love, have become standards, the story involves two American tourists who stumble upon Brigadoon, a mysterious Scottish village that appears for only one day every 100 years. Tommy, one of the tourists, falls in love with Fiona, the original production opened on Broadway in 1947 and ran for 581 performances. It starred David Brooks, Marion Bell, Pamela Britton, in 1949, Brigadoon opened at the West End theatre and ran for 685 performances, and many revivals followed. A1954 film version starred Gene Kelly and Cyd Charisse, inspired by Rodgers and Hammersteins successful collaborations Oklahoma. And Carousel, they created Brigadoon, about a village in the Scottish highlands. And Carousel, Brigadoon included a love story as the main plot. Thematically, the musical depicted the contrast between empty city life and the warmth and simplicity of the country, focusing on a theme of love transcending time, Agnes de Mille, who had previously choreographed Oklahoma. And Carousel, was hired as choreographer, and her work for Brigadoon incorporated elements of traditional Scottish folk dance, a sword dance, a chase scene. Though Lerner and Loewe originally took Brigadoon to producer Billy Rose, Lerner explained the change in producer by saying, The contract which wished us to sign negated Abraham Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation that freed the slaves. Under Loewes guidance, Ted Royal received a sole orchestrator credit for his work on the original production and his atmospheric arrangements have been frequently used for the revivals. Lerner said that in his subsequent research, he found many other legends of disappearing towns in various countries folklore, lerners name for his imaginary locale was probably based on a well-known Scottish landmark, the Brig o Doon. Other sources suggest that the villages name was constructed from the Celtic word briga, which means town and the Scottish Gaelic dùn. The name may refer to the Celtic goddess Brigid. However, the simplest explanation remains the most likely, act I New Yorkers Tommy Albright and Jeff Douglas have traveled to the Scottish Highlands on a game-hunting vacation, but they get lost on their first night out. They begin to hear music coming from a village that does not appear on their map of the area. They head over there to get back to their inn and find a fair in progress. Andrew MacLaren and his daughters arrive at the fair to purchase supplies for younger daughter Jeans wedding to Charlie Dalrymple, Harry Beaton is madly in love with Jean and is depressed at the thought of her marrying another, unable to find comfort in Maggie Andersons devotion to him
13.
The Music Man
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The Music Man is a musical with book, music, and lyrics by Meredith Willson, based on a story by Willson and Franklin Lacey. But Harold is no musician and plans to skip town without giving any music lessons, prim librarian and piano teacher Marian sees through him, but when Harold helps her younger brother overcome his lisp and social awkwardness, Marian begins to fall in love. Harold risks being caught to win her, in 1957, the show became a hit on Broadway, winning five Tony Awards, including Best Musical, and running for 1,375 performances. The cast album won the first Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album, the shows success led to revivals, including a long-running 2000 Broadway revival, a popular 1962 film adaptation and a 2003 television adaptation. It is frequently produced by professional and amateur theater companies. Meredith Willson was inspired by his boyhood in Mason City, Iowa, to write and compose his first musical, Willson began developing this theme in his 1948 memoir, And There I Stood With My Piccolo. He first approached producers Cy Feuer and Ernest Martin for a television special, after these and other unsuccessful attempts, Willson invited Franklin Lacey to help him edit and simplify the libretto. At this time, Willson considered eliminating a long piece of dialogue about the serious trouble facing River City parents, Willson realized it sounded like a lyric, and transformed it into the song Ya Got Trouble. Willson wrote about his trials and tribulations in getting the show to Broadway in his book But He Doesnt Know The Territory. The character Marian Paroo was inspired by Marian Seeley of Provo, Utah, who met Willson during World War II, when Seeley was a medical records librarian. Robert Preston claimed that he got the role of Harold Hill despite his limited singing range because, the producers felt it would be the most difficult song to sing, but with his acting background, it was the easiest for Preston. It opened on December 19,1957 at the Majestic Theatre and it remained at the Majestic for nearly three years before transferring to The Broadway Theatre to complete its 1, 375-performance run on April 15,1961. Eddie Albert and Bert Parks each replaced Preston as Hill later in the run, the musical won five Tony Awards, including Best Musical, winning in the same year that West Side Story was nominated for the award. Preston, Cook and Burns also won, the first US national tour opened in 1958. The first UK production opened at Bristol Hippodrome, transferring to Londons West End at the Adelphi Theatre on March 16,1961, starring Van Johnson, Patricia Lambert, denier Warren, Ruth Kettlewell and Dennis Waterman. It ran for 395 performances at the Adelphi, a two-week revival at New York City Center ran in June 1965, directed by Gus Schirmer, Jr. and starring Bert Parks as Harold Hill. Doro Merande and Sandy Duncan played, respectively, Eulalie and Zaneeta Shinn, a three-week revival, directed and choreographed by Michael Kidd, ran in June 1980, also at the New York City Center. The cast included Dick Van Dyke as Hill, Meg Bussert as Marian, Christian Slater as Winthrop, Carol Arthur as Mrs. Paroo, in 1987, a Chinese translation of the musical was staged at Beijings Central Opera Theater
14.
Summer stock theatre
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Summer stock theatre is any theatre that presents stage productions only in the summer. The name combines the season with the tradition of staging shows by a resident company, reusing stock scenery, summer stock theatres frequently take advantage of seasonal weather by having their productions outdoors or under tents set up temporarily for their use. Some smaller theatres still continue this tradition, and a few summer stock theatres have become regarded by both patrons as well as performers and designers. Equity status and pay for actors in these theatres varies greatly, often viewed as a starting point for professional actors, stock casts are typically young, just out of high school or still in college. Summer stock started in 1919-1920s with four theatres, The Muny, St. Louis, many of the theatres of the heyday, the 1920s through the 1960s, were in New England. Part of the straw hat circuit, theatres also were in New York, Pennsylvania, the structure was to present different plays in weekly or biweekly repertory, performed by a resident company, generally between June and September. The usual fare consisted of comedies, romances and mysteries. The theatres were located in rural areas, touring companies would carry hand props and costumes to each venue, where sound, lights and set would be awaiting them. Summer stock provided a ground for actors and great, inexpensive entertainment for vacationing East Coast urbanites. Such stage luminaries as Maude Adams, Ethel Barrymore, Lilian Gish, students took classes in acting, stagecraft, makeup, and voice, and if they were talented enough, they might be asked to appear in plays with the resident acting company. Additionally, many notable performers spent their summers on the circuit, plays and musicals that had closed on Broadway would play the circuit. The Westport Country Playhouse in Connecticut, since renovated with the support of Joanne Woodward, the circuit toured in Florida and the Southeast during the winter. Venues included the Beacham Theater in Orlando and the Royal Poinciana Playhouse in Palm Beach, Florida where performers from Bob Cummings in 1958 to Arlene Francis, stars of Broadway, film, and television would regularly spend summers performing in stock. The Council of Stock Theatres negotiated a contract with Actors Equity to cover the work of actors. Starting in 1958 performers such as Dan Dailey in Guys and Dolls, Barbara Eden in Lady in the Dark, Kenley cast movie stars and television personalities who were nationally known. During Gypsy Rose Lees engagement in Auntie Mame at the Warren theatre, Erik Preminger wrote, everything about his operation was first-class from the director and supporting cast he had assembled through the scenery, props, and costumes. He was attentive, supportive. Performers such as Paul Lynde, Bill Bixby, Karen Morrow, Phyllis Diller, Andy Devine, Gordon MacRae, Ethel Merman performed in Call Me Madam at the Kenley Players in 1968. The Cape Playhouse in Dennis, Massachusetts opened in 1927 with The Guardsman, starring Basil Rathbone, in some cases, five or six of the summer plays would be star vehicles, featuring a familiar actor or actress
15.
Greenwich Village
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Greenwich Village, often referred to by locals as simply the Village, is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan, New York City. Greenwich Village has been known as a haven, the Bohemian capital, the cradle of the modern LGBT movement. Groenwijck, one of the Dutch names for the village, was Anglicized to Greenwich, two of New Yorks private colleges, New York University and the New School, are located in Greenwich Village. The neighborhoods surrounding it are the East Village and NoHo to the east, SoHo to the south, the East Village was formerly considered part of the Lower East Side and never associated with Greenwich Village. The western part of Greenwich Village is known as the West Village, some believe it starts at Seventh Avenue and its southern extension, a border to the west of which the neighborhood changes substantially in character and becomes heavily residential. The Far West Village is another sub-neighborhood of Greenwich Village that is bordered on its west by the Hudson River and on its east by Hudson Street. Greenwich Village is located in New Yorks 10th congressional district, New Yorks 25th State Senate district, New Yorks 66th State Assembly district, encyclopaedia Britannicas 1956 article on New York states that the southern border of the Village is Spring Street, reflecting an earlier understanding. The newer district of SoHo has since encroached on the Villages historic border, many of the neighborhoods streets are narrow and some curve at odd angles. This is generally regarded as adding to both the character and charm of the neighborhood. In addition, as the meandering Greenwich Street used to be on the Hudson River shoreline, much of the neighborhood west of Greenwich Street is on landfill, but still follows the older street grid. When Sixth and Seventh Avenues were built in the early 20th century, they were built diagonally to the street plan. Unlike the streets of most of Manhattan above Houston Street, streets in the Village typically are named rather than numbered, while some of the formerly named streets are now numbered, they still do not always conform to the usual grid pattern when they enter the neighborhood. The Districts convoluted borders run no farther south than 4th Street or St. Lukes Place, redevelopment in that area is severely restricted, and developers must preserve the main façade and aesthetics of the buildings during renovation. In the 16th century, Native Americans referred to its farthest northwest corner, by the cove on the Hudson River at present-day Gansevoort Street, the land was cleared and turned into pasture by Dutch and freed African settlers in the 1630s, who named their settlement Noortwyck. In the 1630s, Governor Wouter van Twiller farmed tobacco on 200 acres here at his Farm in the Woods, sir Peter Warren began accumulating land in 1731 and built a frame house capacious enough to hold a sitting of the Assembly when smallpox rendered the city dangerous in 1739. The building was designed by Joseph-François Mangin, who would later co-design New York City Hall, by 1821, the prison, designed for 432 inmates, held 817 instead, a number made possible only by the frequent release of prisoners, sometimes as many as 50 a day. The oldest house remaining in Greenwich Village is the Isaacs-Hendricks House, when the Church of St. Luke in the Fields was founded in 1820 it stood in fields south of the road that led from Greenwich Lane down to a landing on the North River. In 1822, a fever epidemic in New York encouraged residents to flee to the healthier air of Greenwich Village
16.
Improvisational theatre
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Improvisational theatre exists in performance as a range of styles of improvisational comedy as well as some non-comedic theatrical performances. It is sometimes used in film and television, both to develop characters and scripts and occasionally as part of the final product. Improvisational techniques are used extensively in drama programs to train actors for stage, film. However, the skills and processes of improvisation are used outside of the context of performing arts. It is sometimes used in psychotherapy as a tool to gain insight into a persons thoughts, feelings, the earliest well documented use of improvisational theatre in Eastern history is found in the Atellan Farce of Africa 391 BC. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, commedia dellarte performers improvised based on an outline in the streets of Italy. Some people credit American Dudley Riggs as the first vaudevillian to use audience suggestions to create improvised sketches on stage, Spolin influenced the first generation of modern American improvisers at The Compass Players in Chicago, which led to The Second City. Her son, Paul Sills, along with David Shepherd, started The Compass Players, following the demise of the Compass Players, Paul Sills began The Second City. They were the first organized troupes in Chicago, and the modern Chicago improvisational comedy movement grew from their success. Many of the current rules of comedic improv were first formalized in Chicago in the late 1950s and early 1960s, initially among The Compass Players troupe, which was directed by Paul Sills. From most accounts, David Shepherd provided the vision of the Compass Players. Mike Nichols, Ted Flicker, and Del Close were her most frequent collaborators in this regard, during this time, Forsberg trained many of the performers who went on to star on The Second City stage. Simultaneously, Keith Johnstones group The Theatre Machine, which originated in London, was touring Europe and this work gave birth to Theatresports, at first secretly in Johnstones workshops, and eventually in public when he moved to Canada. Toronto has been home to a rich improv tradition, in 1984, Dick Chudnow founded ComedySportz in Milwaukee, WI. Expansion began with the addition of ComedySportz-Madison, in 1985, the first Comedy League of America National Tournament was held in 1988, with 10 teams participating. The league is now known as World Comedy League and boasts a roster of 24 international cities, in San Francisco, The Committee theater was active in North Beach during the 1960s. It was founded by alumni of Chicagos Second City, Alan Myerson, when The Committee disbanded in 1972, three major companies were formed, The Pitchell Players, The Wing, and Improvisation Inc. The only company that continued to perform Closes Harold was the latter one and its two former members, Michael Bossier and John Elk, formed Spaghetti Jam in San Franciscos Old Spaghetti Factory in 1976, where shortform improv and Harolds were performed through 1983
17.
Avant-garde
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The avant-garde are people or works that are experimental, radical, or unorthodox, with respect to art, culture, and society. It may be characterized by nontraditional, aesthetic innovation and initial unacceptability, the avant-garde pushes the boundaries of what is accepted as the norm or the status quo, primarily in the cultural realm. The avant-garde is considered by some to be a hallmark of modernism, the avant-garde also promotes radical social reforms. Several writers have attempted, with limited success, to map the parameters of avant-garde activity, the Italian essayist Renato Poggioli provides one of the best-known analyses of vanguardism as a cultural phenomenon in his 1962 book Teoria dellarte davanguardia. Other authors have attempted both to clarify and to extend Poggiolis study, bürgers essay also greatly influenced the work of contemporary American art-historians such as the German Benjamin H. D. Buchloh. Buchloh, in the collection of essays Neo-avantgarde and Culture Industry critically argues for an approach to these positions. Subsequent criticism theorized the limitations of these approaches, noting their circumscribed areas of analysis, including Eurocentric, chauvinist, and genre-specific definitions. The concept of avant-garde refers primarily to artists, writers, composers and thinkers whose work is opposed to cultural values. For Greenberg, these forms were therefore kitsch, phony, faked or mechanical culture, for instance, during the 1930s the advertising industry was quick to take visual mannerisms from surrealism, but this does not mean that 1930s advertising photographs are truly surreal. In this way the autonomous artistic merit so dear to the vanguardist was abandoned and sales became the measure. It has become common to describe successful rock musicians and celebrated film-makers as avant-garde, nevertheless, an incisive critique of vanguardism as against the views of mainstream society was offered by the New York critic Harold Rosenberg in the late 1960s. Since then it has been flanked by what he called avant-garde ghosts to the one side, and this has seen culture become, in his words, a profession one of whose aspects is the pretense of overthrowing it. Avant-garde in music can refer to any form of working within traditional structures while seeking to breach boundaries in some manner. The term is used loosely to describe the work of any musicians who radically depart from tradition altogether, although most avant-garde composers have been men, this is not exclusively the case. Women avant-gardists include Pauline Oliveros, Diamanda Galás, Meredith Monk, there are movements in theatre history that are characterized by their contributions to the avant-garde traditions in both the United States and Europe. Among these are Fluxus, Happenings, and Neo-Dada, Avant-garde – Wikipedia book Barron, Stephanie, and Maurice Tuchman. The Avant-garde in Russia, 1910–1930, New Perspectives, Los Angeles County Museum of Art Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. Los Angeles, CA, Los Angeles County Museum of Art ISBN 0-87587-095-3, Cambridge, MA, ISBN 0-671-20422-X Berg, Hubert van den, and Walter Fähnders
18.
Mercer Arts Center
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The Kitchen is a non-profit, multi-disciplinary art and performance space located at 512 West 19th Street, between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. Although first intended as a location for the exhibition of art, The Kitchen soon expanded its mission to include other forms of art. In 1974, The Kitchen relocated to a building at the corner of Wooster and Broome Streets in SoHo, in 1987 it moved to its current location. The first music director of The Kitchen was composer Rhys Chatham, the venue became known as a place where many No Wave bands like Glenn Branca, Lydia Lunch and James Chance performed. Jones, David Byrne/Talking Heads, chameckilerner, John Jasperse, Bryce Dessner, Nico Muhly, ETHEL, Chris McIntyre, Sylvie Degiez, Wayne Lopes/CosmicLegends, and Cindy Sherman. Today, The Kitchen focuses on presenting emerging artists, most of whom are local and its facilities include a 155-seat black box performance space and a gallery space for audio and visual exhibitions. The Kitchen presents work in music, dance, performance, video, film, visual art, the Vasulkas, with help from Andy Mannik, opened The Kitchen as a presentation space for video artists on June 15,1971. Later that year, the Vasulkas added music to their programming, the Kitchen continued their eclectic programming at the Mercer Arts Center until the summer of 1973 when they began planning to move to 59 Wooster Street. On August 3,1973, the building housed the Mercer Arts Center collapsed. The 1973-1974 season started in The Kitchen’s new location at the corner of Wooster, during its time on 59 Wooster Street The Kitchen emerged as New York’s premiere avant-garde and experimental arts center. In addition to a space, a gallery and video viewing room were established at this location. The Kitchen moved uptown to 512 West 19th Street to begin the spring 1986 season, the inaugural event series in The Kitchen’s new home was entitled New Ice Nights. The Kitchen remains a space for interdisciplinary and experimental work by focusing its programming on emerging artists, in fall of 2011, after seven years as the Executive Director and Chief Curator of The Kitchen, Debra Singer handed over the reins to former ArtForum Editor-in-Chief Tim Griffin. In 2012, Hurricane Sandy flooded The Kitchen with four feet of water from the Hudson River, lumi Tan, one of the museums curators, was named one of the 25 women curators to watch by ArtNet in 2015. In 1971 Hermann Nitsch staged Aktions with bodies of slaughtered animals, charlie Morrow staged Spirit Voices, chanting as shaman with Gordon Mumma saw, Carol Weber, flutes, a tuba ensemble and high intensity soundscapes. In May 1975, Steve Reich and Musicians gave a performance of Work in Progress for 21 musicians, completed and premiered in 1976, the piece became Music for 18 Musicians, now regarded as one of the composers landmark works. In 1979, The Kitchen began its Contemporary Music Series with goal of highlighting connections between different musical genres and styles of composition, noteworthy composers presented during this series include Anthony Braxton, Philip Glass, and Anthony Davis among many others. The series was curated by composer and performer Arto Lindsay
19.
Bob Newhart
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George Robert Bob Newhart is an American stand-up comedian and actor. The follow-up album, The Button-Down Mind Strikes Back. was also a success. Newhart later went into acting, starring in The Bob Newhart Show during the 1970s and he also had two short-lived sitcoms in the 1990s titled Bob and George and Leo. Newhart also appeared in roles such as Major Major in Catch-22. He provided the voice of Bernard in the Walt Disney animated films The Rescuers, in 2004 he played the library head Judson in The Librarian, a character which continued in 2014 to the TV series The Librarians. In 2013, Newhart made his first of four guest appearances on The Big Bang Theory, on February 20,2015, Newhart was honored with the Publicists of the International Cinematographers Guild Lifetime Achievement Award. Newhart was born on September 5,1929, in Oak Park and his parents were George David Newhart, a part-owner of a plumbing and heating-supply business, and Julia Pauline, a housewife. His mother was of Irish descent and his father was of English, Irish, one of his grandmothers was from St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. Newhart has three sisters, Virginia, Mary Joan, and Pauline, Newhart was educated at Roman Catholic schools in the Chicago area, including St. Catherine of Siena grammar school in Oak Park, and attended St. Ignatius College Prep, graduating in 1947. He then enrolled at Loyola University of Chicago from which he graduated in 1952 with a degree in business management. Newhart was drafted into the United States Army and served in the United States during the Korean War as a manager until being discharged in 1954. Newhart briefly attended Loyola University Chicago School of Law but did not complete a degree, in part, he says, after the war, Newhart got a job as an accountant for United States Gypsum. He later said that his motto, Thats close enough, in 1958, Newhart became an advertising copywriter for Fred A. Niles, a major independent film and television producer in Chicago. It was here that he and a co-worker would entertain each other with long telephone calls about absurd scenarios, when his co-worker ended his participation, Newhart continued the recordings alone, developing the shtick which was to serve him well for decades. In addition to his various stand-up bits, he incorporated that shtick into his series at appropriate times. The auditions led to his first recording contract, a disc jockey at a radio station - Dan Sorkin, who later became the announcer-sidekick on his NBC series — introduced Newhart to the head of talent at Warner Bros. Records, which signed him in 1959—only a year after the label was formed—based solely on those recordings and he expanded his material into a stand-up routine which he began to perform at nightclubs. Newhart became famous mostly on the strength of his audio releases, Newharts routine was to portray one end of a conversation, playing the comedic straight man and implying what the other person was saying
20.
Will Mackenzie
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Will Mackenzie is an American television director and actor. Born in Providence, Rhode Island, Mackenzie began his career as an actor. During the original run of Hello, Dolly, off-Broadway he was featured in As You Like It and directed a revival of I Do. I Do. with David Garrison and Karen Ziemba. On television, Mackenzie made guest appearances in Route 66, ABC Stage 67, That Girl, The Mod Squad, Rhoda, Baretta, and All in the Family and his sole feature film credit as an actor was in The Landlord. Newhart, Moonlighting, Family Ties, Day by Day, Major Dad, Phenom, The Boys are Back, Dharma & Greg, Everybody Loves Raymond, Scrubs, and Reba. Mackenzie has been nominated for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Direction of a Comedy Series five times and he also directed the 1989 romantic comedy Worth Winning
21.
Merv Griffin
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Mervyn Edward Merv Griffin Jr. was an American television host, musician, singer, actor, and media mogul. He began his career as a radio and big band singer who went on to appear in film, from 1965 to 1986 Griffin hosted his own talk show, The Merv Griffin Show. He also created the popular game shows Jeopardy. and Wheel of Fortune through his television production companies, Merv Griffin Enterprises. During his lifetime, Griffin was considered an entertainment business magnate, Griffin was born July 6,1925, in San Mateo, California to Mervyn Edward Griffin, Sr. a stockbroker, and Rita Elizabeth Griffin, a homemaker. Raised as a Roman Catholic, Griffin started singing in his church choir as a boy and his abilities as a pianist played a part in his early entry into show business. He attended San Mateo High School, graduating in 1942, and he attended San Mateo Junior College and then the University of San Francisco. He was a member of the international fraternity Tau Kappa Epsilon, during World War II, Griffin was declared 4F after failing several military physical examinations due to having a slight heart murmur. During the Korean War several years later, he was examined and deemed healthy enough to serve, Griffin started as a singer on radio at age 19, appearing on San Francisco Sketchbook, a nationally syndicated program based at KFRC. Griffin was overweight as an adolescent and a man, which disappointed some radio fans when they saw him in person. He wrote years later in his autobiography that there was a deliberate effort to keep the public from finding out how he looked. Embarrassed by the issue, Griffin resolved to change his appearance. Freddy Martin heard him on the show and asked Griffin to tour with his orchestra. Griffin had a role as a radio announcer in the 1953 horror/science fiction classic The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms. By 1945, Griffin had earned money to form his own record label, Panda Records, which produced Songs by Merv Griffin. In 1947, he had a 15-minute Monday–Friday singing program on KFRC in San Francisco and he became increasingly popular with nightclub audiences, and his fame soared among the general public with his 1950 hit Ive Got a Lovely Bunch of Coconuts. The song reached the one spot on the Hit Parade. At one of his performances, Griffin was discovered by Doris Day. Day arranged for a screen test at the Warner Bros, studios for a role in By the Light of the Silvery Moon
22.
Grant Tinker
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Grant Almerin Tinker was an American television executive who served as Chairman and CEO of NBC from 1981 to 1986. Additionally, he was the co-founder of MTM Enterprises and a television producer, Tinker was the husband of actress and producer Mary Tyler Moore for 19 years. Tinker was born in Stamford, Connecticut, the son of Margaret, during World War II, Tinker served in the United States Army Air Forces Reserve. His sons, Mark and John, are also producers, in 1961, Tinker rejoined NBC and was the head of West Coast programming, where he developed I Spy, Dr. Kildare, and The Man from U. N. C. L. E. In 1969, they formed the production company MTM Enterprises. Tinker hired Room 222 writers James L. Brooks and Allan Burns to create and produce the companys first television series, The Mary Tyler Moore Show. MTM produced such popular American sitcoms and drama series as Rhoda, The Bob Newhart Show, WKRP in Cincinnati, Hill Street Blues. After his divorce from Moore in 1981, Tinker left MTM to become the chairman and CEO of NBC, then the perennial last-place American television network. During Tinkers tenure in NBCs top position, the network regained ratings and produced the popular shows The Cosby Show, Family Ties, The Golden Girls, Cheers, Night Court, Tinker left the network in 1986, shortly after its parent company RCA was bought by General Electric. After leaving NBC, Tinker tried to repeat his success with MTM by forming GTG Entertainment, but the venture failed. Tinker died at his Los Angeles home on November 28,2016, Tinker was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 1997. In 2004, Tinker won a personal Peabody Award for recognizing, protecting, Tinker in Television, From General Sarnoff to General Electric. Grant Tinker at the Internet Movie Database Grant Tinker interview video at the Archive of American Television Grant Tinker profile at the Museum of Broadcast Communications website
23.
William S. Paley
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Paley was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Goldie and Samuel Paley. His family was Jewish, and his father was an immigrant from Ukraine who ran a cigar company, as the company became increasingly successful, Paley became a millionaire, and moved his family to Philadelphia in the early 1920s. In 1927, Paleys father, brother-in-law and some business partners bought a struggling Philadelphia-based radio network of 16 stations called the Columbia Phonographic Broadcasting System. Samuel Paleys intention was to use his acquisition as a medium for promoting the familys cigar business. Within a year, under Williams leadership, cigar sales had more than doubled, and, in 1928, within a decade, William S. Paley had expanded the network to 114 affiliate stations. Before Paley, most businessmen viewed stations as stand-alone local outlets or, in other words, individual stations originally bought programming from the network and, thus, were considered the networks clients. Paley provided network programming to stations at a nominal cost. The advertisers then became the primary clients and, because of the wider distribution brought by the growing network. Affiliates were required to carry programming offered by the network for part of the broadcast day, at other times in the broadcast day, affiliates were free to offer local programming and sell advertising time locally. During his prime, Paley was described as having a sense for popular taste. While based in England during the war, Paley came to know and befriend Edward R. Murrow, in 1946, Paley promoted Frank Stanton to president of CBS. CBS expanded into TV and rode the post-World War II boom to surpass NBC, CBS has owned the Columbia Record Company and its associated CBS Laboratories since 1939. In 1948, Columbia Records introduced the 33-1/3-rpm long-playing vinyl disc to successfully compete with RCA Victors 45-rpm vinyl disc, also, CBS Laboratories and Peter Goldmark developed a method for color television. PAL or Phase Alternating Line, an analogue TV-encoding system, is today a standard used in large parts of the world. Bill Paley erected two towers of power, one for entertainment and one for news,60 Minutes creator Don Hewitt claimed in his autobiography, and he decreed that there would be no bridge between them. In short, Paley was the guy who put Frank Sinatra, the relationship between Paley and his news staff was not always smooth. His friendship with Ed Murrow, one of the lights in the CBS news division. In 1955, Alcoa withdrew its sponsorship of See It Now, in 1959, James T. Aubrey, Jr. became the president of CBS
24.
Murphy Brown
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Murphy Brown is an American sitcom which aired on CBS from November 14,1988, to May 18,1998, for a total of 247 episodes. The program starred Candice Bergen as the eponymous Murphy Brown, an investigative journalist and news anchor for FYI. The first two seasons of the show received favorable reviews from critics, the second season received universal acclaim with a Metacritic rating of 100 out of 100 based on 5 reviews. It is the series to receive a score of 100 on the website. The program was known for stories inspired by current events and its political satire. It achieved a level of cultural notoriety in the 1992 presidential campaign when Dan Quayle mentioned the show in a campaign speech. The show began in the Monday 9/8 p. m. timeslot and remained there until its final season when it was moved to Wednesday at 8, the series finale aired in its original Monday timeslot. The show did not have an opening theme song. Murphy Brown is an alcoholic, who, in the shows first episode. Over 40 and single, she is sharp-tongued and hard as nails, in her profession, she is considered one of the boys, having shattered any glass ceilings encountered during her career. Dominating the FYI news magazine, she is portrayed as one of Americas hardest-hitting media personalities and her colleagues at FYI include stuffy veteran anchor Jim Dial, who affectionately addresses Murphy as Slugger and reminisces about the glory days of Murrow and Cronkite. Murphys best friend and sometime competitor is investigative reporter Frank Fontana, though a daredevil reporter, insecurities regarding fame and his personal relationships have him in psychotherapy for the majority of the series. In early seasons, there was a gag about Franks toupée, which he hated. Also present are the two newest members of the FYI team introduced to Murphy, a new executive producer was appointed during her stay at Betty Ford, Miles Silverberg, a yuppie overachiever who was 25 and fresh from public television. Naive and neurotic despite his lightning intellect, Miles is the object for Murphys skewering wit. Corky Sherwood was Murphys replacement during her sabbatical, due to overwhelming audience reaction, management decides to retain Corkys services after Murphys return, usually assigning her to lifestyle pieces or lightweight celebrity profiles. Shaud left at the end of the season, and his character was replaced during season 10 by veteran TV producer Kay Carter-Shepley. Kay did not have a background in journalism, but instead had made a career as a producer of game shows, the FYI team also frequently socializes at Phils, a bar-and-grill across the street from their office/studio in Washington, D. C
25.
Match Game
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Match Game is an American television panel game show that premiered on NBC in 1962 and was revived several times over the course of the next few decades. The game featured contestants trying to come up with answers to fill-in-the-blank questions, the Match Game in its original version ran on NBCs daytime lineup from 1962 until 1969. The show returned with a changed format in 1973 on CBS and became a major success, with an expanded panel, larger cash payouts. Concurrently with the run, from 1975 to 1981, a five-night-a-week fringe time version. It returned to ABC in a prime time edition on June 26,2016. All of these used the 1970s format as their basis. The series was a production of Mark Goodson/Bill Todman Productions, along with its successor companies, in 2013, TV Guide ranked the 1973–79 version CBS version of Match Game as No.4 on its list of the 60 greatest game shows ever. The Match Game premiered on December 31,1962, Gene Rayburn was host and Johnny Olson served as announcer, for the series premiere, Arlene Francis and Skitch Henderson were the two celebrity panelists. The show was taped in Studio 8H at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City, NBCs largest New York studio, a team scored 25 points if two teammates matched answers or 50 points if all three contestants matched. The first team to score 100 points won $100 and played the Audience Match, each contestant who agreed with the most popular answer to a question earned the team $50, for a possible total of $450. The questions used in the game were commonplace, Name a kind of muffin, Write down one of the words to ‘Row, Row, Row Your Boat’ other than ‘Row, the humor in the original series came largely from the panelists reactions to the other answers. In 1963, NBC cancelled the series with six weeks left to be recorded, question writer Dick DeBartolo came up with a funnier set of questions, like Mary likes to pour gravy all over Johns _____, and submitted it to Mark Goodson. NBC also occasionally used special episodes of the series as a program in prime time if one of its movies had an irregular time slot. The Match Game continued through September 26,1969 on NBC for 1,760 episodes, airing at 4,00 pm Eastern, running 25 minutes due to a five-minute newscast. Since Olson split time between New York and Miami to announce The Jackie Gleason Show, one of the networks New York staff announcers filled-in for Olson when he could not attend a broadcast. A successful match won a jackpot, which started at $500, very few episodes of the 1960s The Match Game survive. In the early 1970s, CBS vice president Fred Silverman began overhauling the networks programming as part of what has become known as the rural purge. As part of overhaul, the network reintroduced game shows beginning in 1972
26.
The Hollywood Squares
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The Hollywood Squares is an American panel game show in which two contestants play tic-tac-toe to win cash and prizes. The show piloted on NBC in 1965, and the series debuted in 1966 on the same network. The board for the game is a 3 ×3 vertical stack of open-faced cubes, each occupied by a celebrity seated at a desk and facing the contestants. The stars are asked questions by the host, and the judge the truth of their answers to gain squares in the right pattern to win the game. The shows writers usually supplied the jokes, in addition, the stars were given the questions subjects and bluff answers prior to the show. The show was scripted in this sense, but the gameplay was not, in 2013, TV Guide ranked it at No.7 in its list of the 60 greatest game shows ever. Internationally, there are multiple versions under a variety of names, although there have been variations over the years in the rules of and the prizes in the game, certain aspects of the game have remained fairly consistent. Two contestants competed in match, one playing X and the other O. One of the contestants was usually a returning champion, taking turns, each contestant selected a square. The star was asked a question and gave an answer, which was preceded by a zinger. The contestants had the choice of agreeing with the answer or disagreeing if they thought the star was bluffing. On rare occasions, a star would not know the answer to a question. In such instances, the contestant would be offered the chance to answer the question, usually the contestants declined, in which case they incurred no penalty and the same star was asked another question. The objective was to complete a line across, vertically, or diagonally or to score as many squares as possible, correctly agreeing or disagreeing with a stars answer captured the square. If the contestant failed to agree or disagree correctly, the square went to his/her opponent, bert Parks hosted the 1965 pilot of Hollywood Squares. NBC acquired the rights to the show, which debuted on October 17,1966 with Peter Marshall as host, Hollywood Squares was the final addition to a short-lived game show powerhouse block on NBC, which for the next two years also included Concentration, Jeopardy. Lets Make a Deal, Match Game and others, during most of its daytime run, NBC broadcast The Hollywood Squares at 11,30 a. m. Central, it dominated the ratings until 1976, when it made the first of several time slot moves, the daytime show aired its 3536th and last episode on June 20,1980
27.
Password Plus and Super Password
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Password Plus and Super Password are American TV game shows that aired separately between 1979 and 1989. Both were revivals of the game show Password, which ran from 1961 to 1975 in various incarnations. As with their predecessors, the shows featured two teams, each consisting of a celebrity and a contestant, attempting to guess a word using only one-word clues. Password Plus and Super Password aired on NBC, and were taped on Stage 3 at NBC Studios in Burbank, Password Plus was a Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Production and Super Password was a Mark Goodson Production. Password Plus aired from January 8,1979, to March 26,1982, the program also won a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show in 1982. Super Password aired 1,151 episodes from September 24,1984, Password Plus was hosted by Allen Ludden from January 1979 to April 1980, when he had to take a leave of absence from the show due to health problems. Bill Cullen substituted for Ludden during his first absence, Ludden returned in May, but he left the program in late October due to further health problems, he did not appear on television again before his 1981 death. Because Cullen had recently begun hosting Blockbusters, also a Goodson-Todman production airing on NBC, Tom Kennedy took over hosting, Bert Convy was selected as the host for Super Passwords entire run. Gene Wood was the announcer on both Password Plus and Super Password. Johnny Olson, Bob Hilton, John Harlan, and Rich Jeffries substituted for Wood on different occasions on Password Plus, Jeffries was the first announcer of Super Password and served as a regular announcer until November 23,1984. After the first nine weeks, totaling 45 episodes, Wood replaced Jeffries as announcer on November 26,1984, Jeffries and Hilton also filled in for Wood on occasion on Super Password. Wood whispered the passwords to home viewers from October 20,1986 until Super Password ended, the rules for Password Plus and Super Password were almost identical. Two teams, each composed of a contestant and a celebrity, the object, as on the original Password, was for the clue-giving partner to get the receiving partner to guess a given word. The giving partner on the first team offered a clue, to which the receiving partner was allowed one guess. Teams alternated giving one-word clues until the password was guessed, or until each side had two clues. Giving an illegal clue forfeited the receivers turn to guess, as did having clue-giving time expire without giving a clue. Like the ABC run of Password, the first clue-giver for each password on Password Plus had the option to give the first clue or pass to the other team. Originally, the team that did not get the previous password was given the option and this option was eliminated on Super Password, with the team that got the previous password given first crack at the next one
28.
Whew!
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Whew. is an American game show that aired on CBS from April 23,1979, until May 30,1980. It was hosted by Tom Kennedy and announced by Rod Roddy, the game was created by Jay Wolpert. Production was initially credited to the Bud Austin Company, then changed to Jay Wolpert Productions in association with Burt Sugarman Inc. The gameboard consisted of five rows of five each, with values from $10 to $50 in $10 increments. Two contestants were told the categories for the first two rounds of play at the start of the match, the current challenger decided whether he/she would play as the charger or the blocker for the first round, and the champion took the other role. The charger was led offstage to a booth, and the blocker then placed six blocks on the board. No more than three blocks could be placed on any of the first five levels, and no more than one on the sixth. The charger was brought onstage and given 60 seconds to advance through all six levels by correcting bloopers. The charger started on one by choosing one of its squares, if a blooper was hidden there, it was revealed on that spaces trilon. The incorrect word was marked with an underline, and was the part that the charger needed to correct. A correct answer allowed him/her to move to the next level, uncovering a block incurred a five-second penalty, which was counted down by Kennedy and the audience before the charger could continue. If the charger revealed all the spaces on a level without an answer, the level was exhausted. If the charger believed that he/she running short on time, and had not yet reached level six, he/she could call a Longshot. The clock was stopped, the charger immediately advanced to six. The charger then selected one square and attempted to correct its blooper if one was hidden there, the charger won the round by either clearing all six levels or successfully completing a Longshot. If the charger ran out of time, or either hit a block or failed to correct a blooper after calling a Longshot, the blocker won the round. The charger could not call a Longshot after reaching level six or during the penalty for hitting a block. The first contestant to win two rounds won the match and advanced to the Gauntlet of Villains, each contestant received the total value of all bloopers he/she corrected and of all blocks hit by the opponent during the rounds that he/she won
29.
Hot Potato (game show)
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Hot Potato is a television game show that was broadcast on NBC in the United States from January 23 to June 29,1984. From April 23 until its conclusion, the show was known as Celebrity Hot Potato, bill Cullen was the shows host, his final hosting job for a network series, and Charlie ODonnell was the announcer. The series was produced by Barry & Enright Productions, the companys first for NBC since the company was a figure in the 1950s quiz show scandals. Two teams of three players competed, one of which consisted of the previous games champions, the members of each team shared a common trait. All questions used during the game had at least seven correct answers. In each round, Cullen asked a question and stated the number of acceptable answers, one member of the team with initial control started by either giving an answer or challenging an opponent to do so. If the player gave an answer, control passed to the next team member in line. An incorrect response sent the player to a bench behind the podium, where he/she had to sit out the rest of the round. If an opponent responded correctly after being challenged, his/her team took control, if not, the opponent was eliminated and control passed to the player after the one who issued the challenge. As the players gave correct answers, they were displayed on-screen for the viewers benefit, once five answers had been given, Cullen would read them back to the players. A player would be cautioned if he/she repeated a previous answer, a team could win a round either by giving the seventh correct answer, or by eliminating all three opponents through successful challenges and/or their own mistakes. The first team to win two rounds won $1,000, took/retained the championship, and advanced to the bonus round, the champions started the first round, while the challengers started the second. A Seven Straight Jackpot was later offered to any team that gave seven correct answers in a row without making a mistake or challenging, the jackpot started at $500 and increased by that amount for each match it was not won. This bonus was discontinued the day the format became Celebrity Hot Potato, the winning team was given a subject of comparison and shown two possible choices. The team discussed the choices and then selected one of them, each correct response awarded $500, a mistake at any time ended the round and forfeited the accumulated money. The team could pass on one question, and could stop at any point, if they answered five questions correctly, they won a jackpot that began at $5,000 and increased by that amount for every game in which it went unclaimed. The jackpot reset to $5,000 whenever a defending team was defeated in the main game. Hot Potato suffered, as many games did when airing in the 12,00 Noon slot, the show was hurt further by being up against Family Feud on ABC, and in some markets The Young and the Restless on CBS
30.
Body Language (game show)
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Body Language is an American game show produced by Mark Goodson Productions. The show aired on CBS from June 4,1984 until January 3,1986, johnny Olson announced until his death in October 1985, Gene Wood and Bob Hilton shared the announcing duties afterward, and had substituted on occasion before that. The show pitted two teams against each other, each consisting of a contestant and a celebrity guest, for each teams turn, both celebrity and contestant would walk to the stage floor to play. One would stand behind a podium at stage left, while the other would be stationed at center stage in front of him/her. A screen was built into the podium and the member at center stage would look into it in order to receive a series of five words or phrases to convey. In each turn, the serving as actor had 60 seconds to get their partner to say as many of the five words or phrases as possible. The clue-giver was not allowed to talk or use props, including their own clothing and they instead had to pantomime the words. The pantomiming player could pass on any words they wished and come back if time remained, if an illegal clue was given, the acting portion immediately ended and the actor/actress was disqualified for that round. The guesser then attempted to solve the puzzle portion of the round, if, in post-acting conversation, the actor revealed or discussed a word that had not been guessed, the opposing team received the first chance at the puzzle. The puzzle was a sentence or question with seven numbered blanks, five of the blanks corresponded to the words or phrases that were acted out, and any that had been guessed correctly were revealed. The contestant then had one guess at what person, place or thing puzzle described, if the player was correct, they won money for that puzzle. If not, the opponent was called over to choose a blank to reveal. In the sixth week of the run, parentheses were added to the two un-acted words. The game had two rounds each team acting once per round. In the first round, celebrities acted and contestants guessed, in the second round, the celebrities guessed while the contestants acted, and puzzles were worth $250. If a puzzle went completely unsolved, the value of that carried over to the next puzzle Toward the end of the series, beginning in fall 1985. If one of the managed to get his/her celebrity partner to correctly identify all five words or phrases he/she acted out within the time limit. This was only available to the first contestant to do it, the first team that reached $500 won the game
31.
Pyramid (game show)
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Pyramid is an American television game show franchise that has aired several versions domestically and internationally. The original series, The $10,000 Pyramid, debuted March 26,1973, the game features two contestants, each paired with a celebrity. Contestants attempt to guess a series of words or phrases based on given to them by their teammates. The title refers to the shows pyramid-shaped gameboard, featuring six categories arranged in a triangular fashion, the various Pyramid series have won a total of nine Daytime Emmys for Outstanding Game Show, second only to Jeopardy. The $100,000 Pyramid was revived for a brief 1991 run with John Davidson hosting, in 2002, the series was revived as simply Pyramid, with Donny Osmond hosting for two seasons. GSNs The Pyramid was hosted by Mike Richards and aired for a single season before it was cancelled in 2012. Reruns of The $25,000 Pyramid are currently shown on GSN, a revival of The $100,000 Pyramid debuted June 26,2016, on ABC with Michael Strahan as host. A year later, the ratings declined and CBS canceled it. The show was picked up by ABC, and began airing on that network on May 6,1974. As per CBS custom at the time with celebrity game shows, the remainder of the 1973–81 episodes originated in New York City at the Ed Sullivan Theater, moving to ABCs Elysee Theatre after Pyramid switched networks. Blackout began airing in the series 10,00 a. m. timeslot the following Monday, on April 4,1988, The $25,000 Pyramid returned to the CBS daytime schedule, the shows final episode aired on July 1. The following Monday, the show was replaced by a revival of Family Feud hosted by Ray Combs. The original $25,000 Pyramid and The $50,000 Pyramid were taped in the Elysee Theatre in New York, the revival of The $100,000 Pyramid, hosted by John Davidson, ran from January until December 1991 and taped in Studio 31. Pyramid, hosted by Donny Osmond, ran from September 16,2002 to September 10,2004 and was taped at Sony Pictures Studios, the Pyramid was taped at the CBS Studio Center. Strahans The $100,000 Pyramid is taped at the ABC Television Center in New York, following CBSs cancellation of Guiding Light in April 2009, Pyramid was one of three potential series considered as a replacement for the veteran soap opera. Dean Cain and Tim Vincent were tabbed as hosts of the pilots, with $50,000 announcer Alan Kalter returning, CBS passed on Pyramid and opted to pick up Lets Make a Deal, hosted by Wayne Brady, as Guiding Lights replacement. Several months later, in December 2009, CBS announced the cancellation of another long-running soap opera, Pyramid was once again among the series being considered as a potential replacement. CBS ordered a pilot on April 9,2010
32.
Win, Lose or Draw
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Win, Lose or Draw is an American television game show that aired from 1987 to 1990 in syndication and on NBC. It was taped at CBS Television City, often in Studios 31,33 and it was co-produced by Burt & Bert Productions and Kline & Friends for Disneys Buena Vista Television. It has also had two versions on The Disney Channel, Teen Win, Lose or Draw from 1989 to 1992, the set for the original Win, Lose or Draw was modeled after Burt Reynoldss living room. On September 7,1987, Win, Lose or Draw was launched with Kline, vicki Lawrence hosted the edition produced for NBC, which aired as part of the networks daytime lineup. The syndicated edition, premiering that day, was hosted by Bert Convy. Lawrence, with the exception of a month in 1988 when Sally Struthers hosted in her place, hosted the daytime Win, Lose or Draw until its 1989 cancellation. The syndicated series aired until 1990, with the third and final season hosted by Robb Weller after Convy opted to host a new production for his company, 3rd Degree. Reruns of the version aired on the USA Network from January 1,1991 to December 24,1992. During its run, the syndicated Win, Lose Or Draw made several trips including Hawaii, Central Park in New York City, Burt Reynolds ranch in Jupiter, Florida. The team member doing the drawing could not speak about the subject in his or her drawing and could not use letters, numbers, if one of these illegal clues was used, any money won in that puzzle was split between the two teams. However, if a team member mentioned a word that was part of the answer. In the first three rounds, each team had one minute to solve a puzzle, earning $200 for a correct guess. At the thirty-second mark, a doorbell sounded, and the player had the option of handing the marker off to one of his/her teammates. If the team did not guess within the limit, the opposing team was given one chance to confer. If they gave the answer, they were awarded the money, if not. By 1989, the first round was changed to have the drawing contestant sketch a series of clues to a puzzle. If the team guessed the puzzle from the clues, they scored $200. Following round three, one player for each team was nominated to draw clues in a 90-second speed round, the topics for drawing were simpler for this round compared to those in previous rounds
33.
To Tell the Truth
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As of the 2016 version, a total of 26 seasons of the various versions of To Tell the Truth have been produced, surpassing the 25 of Whats My Line. and the 20 of Ive Got a Secret. The show features a panel of four celebrities whose object is the identification of a described contestant who has an unusual occupation or has undergone an unusual experience. This central character is accompanied by two impostors who pretend to be the character, together, the three persons are said to belong to a team of challengers. The celebrity panelists question the three contestants, the impostors are allowed to lie, but the character is sworn to tell the truth. After questioning, the attempts to identify which of the three challengers is telling the truth and is thus the central character. Although there have some variations in the rules over the years. Three challengers are introduced, all claiming to be the central character, the announcer typically asks the challengers, who stand side by side, What is your name, please. Each challenger then states, My name is, the celebrity panelists then read along as the host reads aloud a signed affidavit about the central character. The panelists are given a period of time to question the challengers. Questions are directed to the challengers by number, with the central character sworn to give truthful answers, and the impostors permitted to lie and pretend to be the central character. Any panelist who knows one of the challengers or has another advantage is required to recuse or disqualify himself or herself which. Once the votes are in, the host asks, Will the real please stand up, the central character then stands, often after some brief playful feinting and false starts among all three challengers. Occasionally, the character would be asked to do something else related to their story instead of standing up. The two impostors then reveal their names and their actual occupations. Prize money is awarded and divided among all three of the based on the number of incorrect votes the impostors draw. The series was recorded in New York City, initially at CBS-TV Studio 52, the existence of an audience ticket for a taping indicates that the show originated in color at the CBS Broadcast Center in late 1966. Bud Collyer was the shows host, recurring panelists by the 1960s included Tom Poston, Peggy Cass, Orson Bean, and Kitty Carlisle. Earlier regular panelists had included Johnny Carson, Polly Bergen, Jayne Meadows, Don Ameche, Hy Gardner, Dick Van Dyke, Faye Emerson, Hildy Parks, John Cameron Swayze, and Ralph Bellamy
34.
Ray Combs
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Raymond Neil Ray Combs, Jr. was an American comedian, actor, and game show host. Combs began his career as a stand-up comedian in the 1980s. His popularity on the circuit led to him being signed as the host of the revival of the game show Family Feud. The show aired on CBS and was in syndication until 1994, from 1995 to 1996, Combs hosted another game show, Family Challenge. Combs committed suicide by hanging at Glendale Adventist Medical Center where he was being held for observation in June 1996, Combs was born in Hamilton, Ohio. He graduated in 1974 from Garfield High School, where he was an actor, senior class president and he declined a nomination to the United States Military Academy to serve as a Mormon missionary for two years in Arizona. Combs began performing comedy at Cincinnatis Red Dog Saloon, where he developed his best-known shtick of audience sing-alongs of sitcom theme songs, in 1979, Combs sent a letter to David Letterman asking for advice, Letterman encouraged him to continue in comedy. In 1982, convinced that he was better than others he saw appear on The Tonight Show, Combs quit his job as an Indianapolis furniture salesman and moved with his family to Los Angeles. He did well in a competition more than 200 other young comedians. He became so popular that other sitcoms changed their production schedules just so they could have him warm up their audiences, johnny Carson heard the audiences laughter and then invited Combs to perform on The Tonight Show in October 1986, the audience gave him a standing ovation. In 1987, he appeared as a celebrity panelist on the John Davidson version of Hollywood Squares and had a role in the comedy film Overboard starring Kurt Russell. In 1985, he appeared on an episode of The Facts of Life as a background character, around this time he also guest starred on an episode of The Golden Girls. In 1988, game show producers Mark Goodson and Howard Felsher gave Combs a seven-year contract to host a new version of Family Feud, the program premiered on July 4,1988 on CBSs daytime lineup, and a syndicated version was launched two months later, on September 19. On June 29,1992, CBS expanded the show from thirty minutes to one hour. A new Bullseye round was added and the show was re-titled Family Feud Challenge, on September 14,1992, the Bullseye round was integrated into the syndicated run, which remained thirty minutes in length but was renamed as The New Family Feud. Combs was one of the most seen emcees on television during the 1992–93 season, with an hour, midway through the 1992–93 season, ratings for the show began to plummet. CBS canceled the daytime version in early 1993 and ended it on March 26 as many CBS affiliates had dropped the show entirely by that time, the syndicated version was also in danger of cancellation. By all accounts, Combs was hurt by his dismissal from the show and his final episode of Family Feud was taped sometime in February 1994 and aired in first-run syndication on May 27 of that year
35.
Family Feud
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Family Feud is an American television game show created by Mark Goodson where two families compete to name the most popular responses to survey questions in order to win cash and prizes. It is considered a spin-off of Match Game, whose panel included original host Richard Dawson, the program premiered on ABC on July 12,1976, and ran as part of its daytime schedule until June 14,1985. The program was re-launched by CBS on July 4,1988, three separate editions for syndication were also produced. The first aired from September 19,1977 to September 6,1985, the second aired from September 19,1988 to September 8,1995. The current syndicated series premiered on September 20,1999, the ABC network version of the show and the first syndicated series were hosted by Richard Dawson. Ray Combs hosted the CBS series and the first six seasons of the syndicated version. The 1999 syndicated series has been hosted by Louie Anderson, Richard Karn, John OHurley, announcers for the series have included Gene Wood, Burton Richardson, Joey Fatone, and Rubin Ervin. The program has spawned multiple regional adaptations in over 50 international markets outside the United States, within a year of its debut, the original version became the number one game show in daytime television, however, as viewing habits changed, the ratings declined. Harveys takeover in 2010 increased Nielsen ratings significantly and eventually placed the program among the top five most popular syndicated shows in the country. In 2013, TV Guide ranked Family Feud third in its list of the 60 greatest game shows of all time, two family teams of five contestants each compete to win cash and prizes. The original version of the show began with the families being introduced, seated opposite each other as if posing for family portraits, each round begins with a face-off question that serves as a toss-up between two opposing contestants. The host asks a question that was previously posed to a group of 100 people. A certain number of answers are concealed on the board, ranked by popularity of the surveys responses, only answers that receive two or more responses can appear on the board. The first contestant to buzz-in gives an answer, if it is the most popular, otherwise, the opponent responds and the family member providing the higher-ranked answer wins. Ties are broken in favor of the contestant who buzzes-in first, if neither contestants answer is on the board, the other eight contestants have a chance to respond, one at a time from alternating sides, until an answer is found. The family that wins the face-off may choose to play the question or pass control to their opponents, the family with control of the question then tries to win the round by guessing all of the remaining concealed answers, with each member giving one answer in sequence. Giving an answer not on the board, or failing to respond within the allotted time, answers are worth one point for every person in the 100-member survey who gave them. The winning family in each round scores the points for all revealed answers to that question, including those given during the face-off
36.
Jim Perry (television personality)
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Jim Perry was an American television game show host, singer, announcer, and performer in the 1970s and 1980s. Perry was also known as the host of the Miss Canada pageant in the 1970s and 1980s, Perry was born James Edward Dooley in Camden, New Jersey. His mother, Genevieve Perry, was a record holding swimmer and his father, Edward Dooley, was a musician. While briefly attending Amador Valley High School in Pleasanton, California, Perry was a basketball player thanks in part to his height. He was often nicknamed Big Jim because of his height, Perry started out as a singer in Special Services after college, working on Armed Forces Radio during the Korean War. Perry appeared in three syndicated specials with Caesar titled As Caesar Sees It which aired during the 1962-1963 season and these were under his birth name of Jim Dooley. Due to a conflict with AFTRA, he adopted his mothers maiden name of Perry shortly after beginning his television work. His first appearance as a TV host came in Canada with the game show Fractured Phrases. Afterwards he presided over several other shows, including Eye Bet and The Money Makers. Although Perry was American by birth, he and his emigrated to Canada in the early 1970s. Perry also served as an announcer for That Show starring Joan Rivers and he also appeared in a few television commercials, including one for Morton Salt. From 1969-72 he was a weekend overnight DJ at WABC radio in New York City, in 1974, Perry became the announcer of the CTV game show Definition, a Hangman-based, pre-Wheel of Fortune series which would become the longest-running game show in Canadian television history. After a few weeks of announcing the show, Perry moved from the position to hosting. Perry hosted another long-running game show, Headline Hunters, which lasted from 1972 until 1983. Perry presided as emcee of the annual Miss Canada Pageant, a job he held from 1967 until 1990, about the same length of time his U. S. counterpart Bob Barker presided over the Miss USA Pageant on CBS. Like Bert Parks in the United States, Perry, a singer, would sing the pageants closing song. This practice, however, ended in the 1980s, again, Dave Devall worked alongside Perry as the pageants off-screen announcer. While hosting the 1975 Miss Canada pageant, during a commercial break, Perry, though shaken from the incident, regained his composure and continued on with the broadcast
37.
Card Sharks
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Card Sharks is an American television game show created by Chester Feldman for Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions. The concept has been made into a series four times since its debut in 1978. Gene Wood was the announcer on these three versions, another syndicated revival aired from 2001 to 2002 with Pat Bullard as host and Gary Kroeger as announcer. All versions of the show had various female assistants to handle the playing cards, two contestants, one of which was typically the returning champion, were assigned an oversized deck of 52 playing cards and were dealt the first five cards for their row. The champion played the red cards on top while the challenger played the cards on the bottom. Each contestants row of cards had a bracket atop it with their name on it, in the NBC version, the brackets moved electronically, while the CBS and syndicated versions had a dealer or even the host move the brackets manually. Contestants alternated responding to questions starting with the champion to gain control of the cards, survey questions were posed to groups of 100 people, all of whom were typically in a common demographic group. Contestants were asked to predict how many of those 100 people responded in a specific manner and their opponent was then asked whether he or she thought the actual number was higher or lower than the previous contestants response. The actual number was revealed, and if the opponent was correct, they played their cards first, otherwise. In the 1980–1981 season, a bonus was awarded to any contestant who provided the exact number of people responding to a specific question. If a contestant guessed the number of audience members who made a certain response to one of these questions, he or she won a $100 bonus. The same poll group was used for a weeks worth of episodes, introduced in October 1986, the educated guess questions were general knowledge trivia questions which had numerical answers. Exact guesses won a bonus for the contestant. The contestant then guessed whether the card in the row was higher or lower. If two duplicate cards appeared or the contestant made a guess, that contestant lost control. The opposing contestant then had a chance to play from his or her base card, in the final few months of the NBC Card Sharks, if a contestant was able to complete their row without freezing, he or she won a $500 bonus. None of the revivals kept this bonus, if neither contestant had guessed all the cards in his or her row correctly, or if one had frozen his or her position, play continued with another toss-up question. The first two rounds consisted of a maximum of four each, and the third tie-breaker round contained a maximum of three questions
38.
GSN Live
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GSN Live is an American live interactive show on Game Show Network that premiered on February 25,2008 at noon ET and officially ended its 3-year run on July 29,2011. The last live edition aired May 13,2011 and it was formerly hosted in two shifts. The first shift, from noon to 3 PM ET was hosted by Heidi Bohay, Fred Roggin hosted the 3 PM to 6 PM ET segment. The show was produced by Burt Dubrow until March 6,2009, and is currently produced by John Berkson, Gary Green. The sound mixer was Mike Dooley, budget cuts implemented by the new GSN executive regime are causing the almost weekly dismissals of production staff members from the show. Due to these cuts the show was cut from six hours to three hours and now runs from 3 PM to 6 PM ET, the staff was cut by 7 effective December 30,2009, leaving the future of the show in question. The show has run for three daily,12 PM to 3 PM ET from its debut until September 12,2008. The hosts for the show were Fred Roggin and Heidi Bohay. On September 15,2008, it expanded to six hours daily, GSN Live was on hiatus for the week of May 18 to May 25,2009 to transition to a new set, and returned on May 26,2009. The interactive games on GSN Live are interspersed during regular programming for a time when commercials would normally run. Games are introduced at the beginning of an hour and played by a caller near the end of the hour, there is only one player for each game. Entries can be made on the internet or over the phone, both having an equal chance of selection. Every individual who logs on or calls to enter, whether they are chosen to play on the air live or not, is entered into a Weekly Prize Bonanza drawing for which a prize is awarded once a week. Prizes in the first three weeks included a package, diamond watches, and a cruise. In addition, all contestants who play on-air are currently awarded 2,500 Oodles, at the beginning of March, the show introduced another way home viewers can win called Steal These Wheels. All contestants chosen to live on the air were entered into a drawing for a new Chrysler PT Cruiser. The hosts had a gag that the car was parked in host Fred Roggins parking spot. On April 1,2008, a name was pulled from the hopper, host Heidi Bohay then surprised viewers by announcing that Steal These Wheels would continue for a second month, with a Jeep Patriot being the prize
39.
Bewitched
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Bewitched is an American television sitcom fantasy series, originally broadcast for eight seasons on ABC from September 17,1964, to March 25,1972. It was created by Sol Saks under executive director Harry Ackerman, and starred Elizabeth Montgomery, Dick York, Agnes Moorehead, Dick Sargent replaced an ill York for the final three seasons. The show is about a witch who marries a mortal man. Bewitched enjoyed great popularity, finishing as the two show in America during its debut season, and becoming the longest-running supernatural-themed sitcom of the 1960s–1970s. The show continues to be throughout the world in syndication and on recorded media. In 2002, Bewitched was ranked #50 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, in 1997, the same magazine ranked the season 2 episode Divided He Falls #48 on their list of the 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time. A beautiful witch named Samantha meets and marries a mortal named Darrin Stephens, while Samantha complies with Darrins wishes to become a normal suburban housewife, her magical family disapproves of the mixed marriage and frequently interferes in the couples lives. Episodes often begin with Darrin becoming the victim of a spell, the effects of which wreak havoc with mortals such as his boss, clients, parents, and neighbors. By the epilogue, however, Darrin and Samantha most often embrace, the witches and their male counterparts, warlocks, are very long-lived, while Samantha appears to be a young woman, many episodes suggest she is actually hundreds of years old. To keep their society secret, witches avoid showing their powers in front of other than Darrin. Nevertheless, the effects of their spells – and Samanthas attempts to hide their supernatural origin from mortals – drive the plot of most episodes, Witches and warlocks usually use physical gestures along with their incantations. To perform magic, Samantha often twitches her nose to create a spell, special visual effects are accompanied by music to highlight such an action. The season 3 episode Soap Box Derby shows the Mills Garage in Patterson as a neighbors sons car sponsor, Elizabeth Montgomery owned a second home in Patterson. Many scenes also take place at the fictional Madison Avenue advertising agency McMann and Tate, during its run, the series had a number of major cast changes, often because of illness or death of the actors. In particular, the performer playing Darrin was replaced mid-season, in I Married a Witch, Wallace Wooley is a descendant of people who executed witches at the Salem witch trials. As revenge, a witch prepares a potion for him. She ends up consuming her own potion and falling for her enemy and her father is against this union. In the film of Bell, Book and Candle, modern witch Gillian Holroyd uses a spell on Shep Henderson to have a simple fling with him
40.
The Brady Bunch
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The Brady Bunch is an American sitcom created by Sherwood Schwartz that aired from September 26,1969, to March 8,1974, on ABC. The series revolves around a large blended family with six children, considered one of the last of the old-style family sitcoms, the series aired for five seasons and, after its cancellation in 1974, went into syndication in September 1975. While the series was never a critical or ratings success during its run, it has since become a popular staple in syndication, especially among children. In 1995, the series was adapted into a satirical comedy film titled The Brady Bunch Movie. A second sequel, The Brady Bunch in the White House, in 1997, Getting Davy Jones was ranked number 37 on TV Guides 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time. He set to work on a script for a series tentatively titled Mine. Schwartz then developed the script to include three children for each parent, while Mike Brady is depicted as being a widower, Schwartz originally wanted the character of Carol Brady to have been a divorcée, but the network objected to this. A compromise was reached whereby Carols marital status was never directly revealed, Schwartz shopped the series to the big three television networks of the era. ABC, CBS, and NBC all liked the script, but each network wanted changes before they would commit to filming, nonetheless, the outstanding success of the United Artists film was a factor in ABCs decision to order episodes for the series. As the sets were built on Paramount Television stage 5, adjacent to the stage where H. R, filming of the pilot began on Friday, October 4,1968, and lasted eight days. Mike Brady, an architect with three sons, Greg, Peter, and Bobby, marries Carol Martin, who herself has three daughters, Marcia, Jan, and Cindy. The wife and daughters take the Brady surname, included in the blended family are Mikes live-in housekeeper, Alice Nelson, and the boys dog, Tiger. The setting is a large, suburban, two-story house designed by Mike, in the first season, awkward adjustments, accommodations, gender rivalries, and resentments inherent in blended families dominate the stories. In an early episode, Carol tells Bobby that the steps in their household lead to the second floor. Thereafter, the focus on typical preteen and teenaged adjustments such as sibling rivalry, puppy love, self image, character building. The regular cast appeared in a title sequence in which video head shots were arranged in a three-by-three grid. In a 2010 issue of TV Guide, the opening title sequence ranked number eight on a list of TVs top-10 credits sequences. Robert Reed as Mike Brady Florence Henderson as Carol Brady Ann B and he is the owner of a local butcher shop
41.
ALF (TV series)
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ALF is an American science fiction sitcom that aired on NBC from September 22,1986 to March 24,1990. It was the first television series to be presented in Dolby Surround, the title character is Gordon Shumway, a friendly extraterrestrial nicknamed ALF, who crash lands in the garage of the suburban middle-class Tanner family. The series stars Max Wright as father Willie Tanner, Anne Schedeen as mother Kate Tanner, ALF was performed by puppeteer/creator Paul Fusco. Produced by Alien Productions, ALF originally ran for four seasons and produced 99 episodes, the revival series will premiere on Freeform in September 2017. ALF is an alien from the planet Melmac who follows a radio signal to Earth. The Tanners are a suburban family in the San Fernando Valley area of California. The family consists of social worker Willie, his wife Kate, their teenage daughter Lynn, younger son Brian, and their cat Lucky. Unsure what to do, the Tanners take ALF into their home and hide him from the Alien Task Force and their nosy neighbors Trevor and Raquel Ochmonek and he generally hides in the kitchen. It is eventually revealed that ALFs home planet Melmac exploded because of a catastrophe involving a nuclear war, ALF was off the planet when it was destroyed because he was part of the Melmac Orbit Guard. ALF is homeless, but he is not the last survivor of his species and he becomes a permanent member of the family, although his culture shock, survivor guilt, general boredom, despair, and loneliness frequently cause difficulty for the Tanners. ALF then shows Willie exactly where Dave is on a map of the universe. Gordon Shumway is a Melmacian nicknamed ALF by Willie Tanner in the pilot episode, ALF was born on October 28,1756 on the Lower East Side of the planet Melmac. Melmac was located six parsecs past the Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster, and had a sky, blue grass. The commonly-used currency is a Wernick, which is equal to 10 American dollars, ALFs body is covered with fur and he has a rippled snout, facial moles and eight stomachs. His heart is located in his right ear. He likes to burp and eat cats, and can whistle without opening his mouth and he had a best friend on his home planet named Malhar Naik. He has friends named Skip, Rick, Stella, and a girlfriend named Rhonda and he attended high school for 122 years and was captain of a Bouillabaisseball team, a game played on ice using seafood as a ball. However, if things have gone too far, he does as much as possible to make up for his mistakes, in the episode Its Not Easy Bein
