1.
Sonny Berger
–
Margaret Eloise Berger was a pitcher who played from 1943 through 1944 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Listed at 53,129 lb. Berger batted and threw right-handed and she was knicknamed Sonny by her teammates and close friends. The AAGPBL changed womens team sports forever, still, the void the league filled during World War II was inspiration enough for the 1992 film A League of Their Own, directed by Penny Marshall and starred by Geena Davis, Tom Hanks and Madonna. Born in Homestead, Florida, Sonny Berger was one of the sixty original players of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League in its inaugural season, the AAGPBL was introduced in the spring of 1943, featuring young women with both athletic ability and feminine appeal. Hundreds of girls were invited to final tryouts at Wrigley Field in Chicago, of those, sixty were selected as the first women to play on the first four teams, the Kenosha Comets, Racine Belles, Rockford Peaches and South Bend Blue Sox. Each team had fifteen players, a manager, a business manager, most AAGPBL games were played at night, including the All-Star game of the inaugural season on July 1,1943, which also was the first contest played under artificial illumination at Wrigley Field. Berger was allocated to the South Bend Blue Sox, playing for two seasons, to become a major star in both years. She posted two straight 20-win seasons, going 25–13 with a 1.91 earned run average in 1943, following with a 21–17 mark in 1944, including a miserly 1.57 ERA. In 1943, she joined Doris Barr to pitch 79 of the 91 games played by the Blue Sox, in the same season, Berger stated her greatest triumph. A 13-inning match, which she won 1–0, Berger compiled a 46–30 record with a 1.75 ERA in 88 career games. She also hit a modest.153 average with 18 runs batted in in 88 games, after that, Berger played for the Chicago Chicks and Thillens Checashers of the National Girls Baseball League. In 1988, Berger received recognition when the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown, New York, Sonny Berger was a long resident of Sun City West, Arizona, where she died in 2015 at the age of 92
Sonny Berger
–
Margaret Berger
2.
Trondheim
–
Trondheim, historically Kaupangen, Nidaros and Trondhjem, is a city and municipality in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. It has a population of 187,353, and is the third most populous municipality in Norway and it is the third largest city in the country, with a population of 169,972 inhabitants within the city borders. The city functions as the centre of Sør-Trøndelag county. Trondheim lies on the shore of Trondheim Fjord at the mouth of the river Nidelva. The settlement was founded in 997 as a trading post, from 1152 to 1537, the city was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Nidaros, since then, it has remained the seat of the Lutheran Diocese of Nidaros and the Nidaros Cathedral. The current municipality dates from 1964, when Trondheim merged with Byneset, Leinstrand, Strinda, for the ecclesiastical history, see Archiepiscopate of Nidaros Trondheim was named Kaupangen by Viking King Olav Tryggvason in 997. Shortly thereafter it came to be called Nidaros, in the beginning it was frequently used as a military retainer of King Olav I. It was frequently used as the seat of the king, and was the capital of Norway until 1217, people have been living in the region for thousands of years as evidenced by the rock carvings in central Norway, the Nøstvet and Lihult cultures and the Corded Ware culture. In ancient times, the Kings of Norway were hailed at Øretinget in Trondheim, Harald Fairhair was hailed as the king here, as was his son, Haakon I, called the Good. The battle of Kalvskinnet took place in Trondheim in 1179, King Sverre Sigurdsson, some scholars believe that the famous Lewis chessmen, 12th-century chess pieces carved from walrus ivory found in the Hebrides and now at the British Museum, may have been made in Trondheim. Trondheim was the seat of the Archdiocese of Nidaros for Norway from 1152, due to the introduction of Lutheran Protestantism in 1537, the last Archbishop, Olav Engelbrektsson, had to flee from the city to the Netherlands, where he died in present-day Lier, Belgium. The city has experienced major fires. Since much of the city was made of wooden buildings, many of the fires caused severe damage. Great fires ravaged the city in 1598,1651,1681,1708, twice in 1717,1742,1788,1841 and 1842, however, the 1651 fire destroyed 90% of all buildings within the city limits. The fire in 1681 led to an almost total reconstruction of the city, overseen by General Johan Caspar von Cicignon, broad avenues like Munkegaten were created, with no regard for property rights, in order to stop the next fire. At the time, the city had a population of roughly 8000 inhabitants, after the Treaty of Roskilde on 26 February 1658, Trondheim and the rest of Trøndelag, became Swedish territory for a brief period, but the area was reconquered 10 months later. The conflict was settled by the Treaty of Copenhagen on 27 May 1660. During World War II, Trondheim was occupied by Nazi Germany from 9 April 1940, the home of the most notorious Norwegian Gestapo agent, Henry Rinnan, was in Trondheim
Trondheim
–
Trondheim
Trondheim
–
The
Old Town Bridge of Trondheim
Trondheim
–
City Map of Trondheim in 1898, Norwegian edition
Trondheim
–
Autumn
foliage along Nidelva; October 2009
3.
Norway
–
The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom. Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land, until 1814, the kingdom included the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Iceland. It also included Isle of Man until 1266, Shetland and Orkney until 1468, Norway has a total area of 385,252 square kilometres and a population of 5,258,317. The country shares a long border with Sweden. Norway is bordered by Finland and Russia to the north-east, Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. King Harald V of the Dano-German House of Glücksburg is the current King of Norway, erna Solberg became Prime Minister in 2013, replacing Jens Stoltenberg. A constitutional monarchy, Norway divides state power between the Parliament, the Cabinet and the Supreme Court, as determined by the 1814 Constitution, the kingdom is established as a merger of several petty kingdoms. By the traditional count from the year 872, the kingdom has existed continuously for 1,144 years, Norway has both administrative and political subdivisions on two levels, counties and municipalities. The Sámi people have an amount of self-determination and influence over traditional territories through the Sámi Parliament. Norway maintains close ties with the European Union and the United States, the country maintains a combination of market economy and a Nordic welfare model with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system. Norway has extensive reserves of petroleum, natural gas, minerals, lumber, seafood, the petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the countrys gross domestic product. On a per-capita basis, Norway is the worlds largest producer of oil, the country has the fourth-highest per capita income in the world on the World Bank and IMF lists. On the CIAs GDP per capita list which includes territories and some regions, from 2001 to 2006, and then again from 2009 to 2017, Norway had the highest Human Development Index ranking in the world. It also has the highest inequality-adjusted ranking, Norway ranks first on the World Happiness Report, the OECD Better Life Index, the Index of Public Integrity and the Democracy Index. Norway has two names, Noreg in Nynorsk and Norge in Bokmål. The name Norway comes from the Old English word Norðrveg mentioned in 880, meaning way or way leading to the north. In contrasting with suðrvegar southern way for Germany, and austrvegr eastern way for the Baltic, the Anglo-Saxon of Britain also referred to the kingdom of Norway in 880 as Norðmanna land. This was the area of Harald Fairhair, the first king of Norway, and because of him
Norway
–
The
helmet found at Gjermundbu near
Haugsbygd,
Buskerud, is the only
Viking Age helmet that has been found.
Norway
–
Flag
Norway
–
The
Gokstad ship at the
Viking Ship Museum in
Oslo, Norway
Norway
–
The
Battle of the Sound between an allied Dano-Norwegian–
Dutch fleet and the Swedish navy, 8 November 1658 (29 October
O.S.)
4.
Hitra
–
Hitra is a municipality and an island in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The municipality covers the island of Hitra and several smaller islands, with a land area of 571.5 km2, the island of Hitra is the seventh largest island in mainland Norway, and the largest island south of the Arctic Circle. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Fillan, other villages include Andersskogan, Ansnes, Forsnes, Hestvika, Knarrlagsund, Kvenvær, Melandsjøen, Nordbotn, Sandstad, and Ulvan. Hitra is famous in Norway for its large and dense population of Red Deer, Hitra is a member of the International Island Games Association. Hitra was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838, on 1 January 1877, the northern district of Frøya was separated from Hitra to form a municipality of its own. On 1 January 1886, the southern and eastern parts of Hitra were separated into a new municipality of Fillan and this left Hitra with 2,241 residents. Then on 1 January 1913, the part of Hitra was separated to form the new municipality of Kvenvær. This left Hitra with 1,439 residents, on 1 January 1964, the municipalities of Hitra, Kvenvær, Fillan, and Sandstad were merged to form a new, larger Hitra municipality. Prior to the merger, Hitra had 1,344 residents, the Old Norse form of the name was Hitr. The name is derived from a word with the meaning split or cleft. Until 1918 the name of the island and municipality was spelled Hitteren, the coat-of-arms is from modern times. They were granted on 7 August 1987, the arms show the head of a Red Deer in silver on a blue background. It symbolizes one of Northern Europes largest populations of red deer which is located in the municipality. See also, Coats of Arms of Gjemnes, Hjartdal, and Voss The Church of Norway has four parishes with a total of five churches and it is part of the Deanery of Orkdal and the Diocese of Nidaros. Hitra is the seventh largest island of mainland Norway, and is bordered by Frøya to the north and it lies between the Trondheimsleia and the Frøyfjorden. The 345-metre tall Mørkdalstuva is the highest point on the island, other than the large island of Hitra, there are many other islands in the municipality, notably Fjellværsøya, Ulvøya, Dolmøya, Helgbustadøya, and Bispøyan. The Børøyholmen lighthouse and Terningen lighthouse are located in the Trondheimsleia in the southeast part of Hitra municipality, the company Kystekspressen runs westamaran services from Trondheim and Kristiansund. The 5, 610-metre long undersea tunnel called the Hitratunnelen connects Hitra to the mainland to the south and the 5, 305-metre long Frøya Tunnel connects Hitra to Frøya to the north
Hitra
–
Hitra, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway kommune
Hitra
–
Coat of arms
Hitra
–
Hitra landscape with
wind turbines, near Straum.
Hitra
–
Hopsjøbrygga, Hitra
5.
Electropop
–
Electropop is a variant of synth-pop that places more emphasis on a harder, electronic sound. The genre has seen a revival of popularity and influence since the 2000s, the media in 2009 ran articles proclaiming a new era of different electropop stars and indeed, saw a rise in popularity of several electropop artists. In the Sound of 2009 poll of 130 music experts conducted for the BBC, lady Gaga had major commercial success since 2008 with her debut album The Fame. Music writer Simon Reynolds noted that Everything about Gaga came from electroclash, except the music, the second album by British singer Lily Allen released in 2009 called Its Not Me, Its You is largely electropop as opposed to her first ska album. Other female electropop acts that emerged were Ladyhawke, Kesha, Demi Lovato, Britney Spears, Selena Gomez, Elly Jackson of La Roux and Perfume. The Korean pop music scene has become dominated and influenced by electropop, particularly with boy bands and girl groups such as Super Junior, SHINee, F. Male acts that have emerged included British writer and producer Taio Cruz, who charted well in the U. S. along with one-man act Owl City, who had a U. S. number-one single, DJ Kaskade, and LMFAO. Singer Michael Angelakos of the Passion Pit said in a 2009 interview that while playing electropop was not his intention, so everything weve been put on to is electronic in nature. Music Projects with Propellerhead Reason, Grooves, Beats and Styles from Trip Hop to Techno
Electropop
–
Kesha is considered one of the most successful American female electropop artists of the early 2010s
6.
Electronic music
–
In general, a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, purely electronic sound production can be achieved using devices such as the theremin, sound synthesizer, and computer. During the 1920s and 1930s, electronic instruments were introduced and the first compositions for instruments were composed. Musique concrète, created in Paris in 1948, was based on editing together recorded fragments of natural and industrial sounds, Music produced solely from electronic generators was first produced in Germany in 1953. Electronic music was created in Japan and the United States beginning in the 1950s. An important new development was the advent of computers for the purpose of composing music, algorithmic composition was first demonstrated in Australia in 1951. In America and Europe, live electronics were pioneered in the early 1960s, during the 1970s to early 1980s, the monophonic Minimoog became once the most widely used synthesizer at that time in both popular and electronic art music. In the 1980s, electronic music became dominant in popular music, with a greater reliance on synthesizers, and the adoption of programmable drum machines. Electronically produced music became prevalent in the domain by the 1990s. Contemporary electronic music includes many varieties and ranges from art music to popular forms such as electronic dance music. Today, pop music is most recognizable in its 4/4 form. At the turn of the 20th century, experimentation with emerging electronics led to the first electronic musical instruments and these initial inventions were not sold, but were instead used in demonstrations and public performances. The audiences were presented with reproductions of existing music instead of new compositions for the instruments, while some were considered novelties and produced simple tones, the Telharmonium accurately synthesized the sound of orchestral instruments. It achieved viable public interest and made progress into streaming music through telephone networks. Critics of musical conventions at the time saw promise in these developments, ferruccio Busoni encouraged the composition of microtonal music allowed for by electronic instruments. He predicted the use of machines in future music, writing the influential Sketch of a New Esthetic of Music, futurists such as Francesco Balilla Pratella and Luigi Russolo began composing music with acoustic noise to evoke the sound of machinery. They predicted expansions in timbre allowed for by electronics in the influential manifesto The Art of Noises, developments of the vacuum tube led to electronic instruments that were smaller, amplified, and more practical for performance. In particular, the theremin, ondes Martenot and trautonium were commercially produced by the early 1930s, from the late 1920s, the increased practicality of electronic instruments influenced composers such as Joseph Schillinger to adopt them
Electronic music
–
Telharmonium,
Thaddeus Cahill, 1897
Electronic music
–
Halim El-Dabh at a
Cleveland festival in 2009
Electronic music
–
Karlheinz Stockhausen in the Electronic Music Studio of WDR, Cologne, in 1991
Electronic music
–
Israeli composer
Josef Tal at the Electronic Music Studio in Jerusalem (c. 1965). On the right,
Hugh Le Caine 's sound
synthesizer the Special Purpose Tape Recorder.
7.
Singing
–
Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice, and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques. A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist, Singers perform music that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments. Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists, Singers may perform as soloists, or accompanied by anything from a single instrument up to a symphony orchestra or big band. Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised and it may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort, or ritual, as part of music education, or as a profession. Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction, and regular practice, if practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong. Professional singers usually build their careers around one specific genre, such as classical or rock. They typically take voice training provided by teachers or vocal coaches throughout their careers. Though these four mechanisms function independently, they are coordinated in the establishment of a vocal technique and are made to interact upon one another. During passive breathing, air is inhaled with the diaphragm while exhalation occurs without any effort, exhalation may be aided by the abdominal, internal intercostal and lower pelvis/pelvic muscles. Inhalation is aided by use of external intercostals, scalenes and sternocleidomastoid muscles, the pitch is altered with the vocal cords. With the lips closed, this is called humming, humans have vocal folds which can loosen, tighten, or change their thickness, and over which breath can be transferred at varying pressures. The shape of the chest and neck, the position of the tongue, any one of these actions results in a change in pitch, volume, timbre, or tone of the sound produced. Sound also resonates within different parts of the body and an individuals size, Singers can also learn to project sound in certain ways so that it resonates better within their vocal tract. This is known as vocal resonation, another major influence on vocal sound and production is the function of the larynx which people can manipulate in different ways to produce different sounds. These different kinds of function are described as different kinds of vocal registers. The primary method for singers to accomplish this is through the use of the Singers Formant and it has also been shown that a more powerful voice may be achieved with a fatter and fluid-like vocal fold mucosa. The more pliable the mucosa, the more efficient the transfer of energy from the airflow to the vocal folds, Vocal registration refers to the system of vocal registers within the voice. A register in the voice is a series of tones, produced in the same vibratory pattern of the vocal folds
Singing
–
American jazz singer and songwriter
Billie Holiday in New York City in 1947
Singing
Singing
–
"Vocalist" redirects here. See also:
Lead vocalist and
Backing vocalist.
Singing
–
Ercole de' Roberti: Concert, c. 1490
8.
Songwriter
–
A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
Songwriter
–
Songwriter and singer
Chris de Burgh.
9.
Disc jockey
–
A disc jockey is a person who mixes different sources of pre-existing recorded music as it is playing, usually for a live audience in a nightclub or dance club or via broadcasting. DJs typically perform for an audience in a nightclub or dance club or a TV, radio broadcast audience, or in the 2010s. DJs also create mixes, remixes and tracks that are recorded for later sale, in hip hop music, DJs may create beats, using percussion breaks, basslines and other musical content sampled from pre-existing records. In hip hop, rappers and MCs use these beats to rap over, DJs use equipment that can play at least two sources of recorded music simultaneously and mix them together. This allows the DJ to create seamless transitions between recordings and develop unique mixes of songs, DJ equipment, notably the specialized DJ mixer, a small audio mixer with a crossfader and cue functions. The crossfader enables the DJ to blend or transition from one song to another, the cue knobs or switches allow the DJ to preview a source of recorded music in headphones before playing it for the live club or broadcast audience. Previewing the music in headphones helps the DJ pick the track they want to play. DJs may also use a microphone to speak to the audience, effects such as reverb to create sound effects, drum machines. The title DJ is also used by DJs in front of their real names or adopted pseudonyms or stage names as a title to denote their profession. Some DJs focus on creating a mix of songs for the club dancers or radio audience. Other DJs use turntablism techniques such as scratching, in which the DJ or turntablist manipulates the record player turntable to create new sounds. In many types of DJing, including club DJing and radio/TV DJing, there are several types of disc jockey. Radio DJs or radio personalities introduce and play music that is broadcast on AM, FM, club DJs select and play music in bars, nightclubs or discothèques, or at parties, raves, or even in stadiums. Mobile DJs travel with portable sound systems and play recorded music at a variety of events. Some mobile DJs also serve as the master of ceremonies at weddings or other events, directing the attention of attendees, there are also many competitions for DJs that specialize in different turntablism techniques, such as mixing, hip hop music-style scratching or other kinds of techniques. Other types of DJ use musical performance techniques that allow them to be categorized as performing musicians, hip hop DJs and are also often songwriters or music producers who use turntablism and sampling to create backing instrumentals for new tracks. In reggae, the DJ is a vocalist who raps, toasts, chants or chats over pre-recorded rhythm tracks, the individual who helps the DJ by selecting tracks or records to be played is called the selector. Many electronica artists and producers who work as DJs often perform music by combining turntablism with keyboards, digital musical instruments
Disc jockey
–
A DJ performing at an event
Disc jockey
–
Technics 1200 MK2, Technics 1210 MK2, and Pioneer DJM-500 shown in a common DJ configuration
Disc jockey
–
A DJ at Sundance Film Festival 2003
Disc jockey
–
A young woman plays a gramophone in an air raid shelter in north London (1940).
10.
Sony BMG
–
Sony BMG Music Entertainment was a record music company, which was a 50–50 joint venture between the Sony Corporation of America and Bertelsmann AG. The ventures successor, the again-active Sony Music Entertainment, is 100% owned by the Sony Corporation of America, Sony BMG Music Entertainment began in Skem as the result of a 50–50 joint venture between Sony Music Entertainment and Bertelsmann Music Group completed on March 4,2004. The merger affected all Sony Music and Bertelsmann Music Group companies worldwide except for Japan, financial analysts covering the merger anticipated that up to 2,000 jobs would be cut as a result, saving Sony BMG approximately $350 million annually. The companys chief executive officer is Rolf Schmidt-Holtz, who succeeded Andrew Lack on February 10,2006, in the first half of 2005, the companys share of new releases in the United States declined from 33% to 26% according to Nielsen SoundScan. This, and Lacks negotiation of what called a ill-conceived deal with Bruce Springsteen led to Bertelsmann informing Sony that it would not renew Lacks contract. The company signed a content deal with the video sharing community YouTube. On August 5,2008 Sony Corporation agreed to buy Bertelsmann AGs 50 percent stake in the company for $1.2 billion to get full control. The music company was renamed Sony Music Entertainment and became a unit of Sony Corporation of America, epic Records, one of their labels, was specifically cited for using fake contests in order to hide the fact that the gifts were going to disc jockeys rather than listeners. A scandal ensued over digital rights management software produced and shipped by Sony BMG that automatically installed itself on peoples computers, the scandal and attendant controversy about the practice of software auto-installation spawned several lawsuits. Sony BMG eventually recalled all of the affected CDs, uS-CERT advised, Do not install software from sources that you do not expect to contain software, such as an audio CD. In its Top Flops of 05 issue, the enterprise newsweekly eWeek had to create a new category for the Sony BMG root-kit fiasco, peter Coffee, of eWeek Labs reported, The Sony brand name was already in trouble—it lost 16 percent of its value between 2004 and 2005. Now it has taken a blow among tech-product opinion leaders, weve never done it before, and we hope well never have occasion to do it again but, for 2005, eWeek Labs awards a Stupid Tech Trick grand prize to Sony. EWeek Vol.22, No.50 In October 2007, Sony BMG, alongside other large music firms, successfully sued Jammie Thomas. Ms. Thomas – who made US$36,000 a year – was ordered to pay US$222,000 in damages for making 24 songs available for download on the Kazaa file-sharing network. Thomas had allegedly shared 1702 files in total, the court upholding the award called it a case of willful infringement. Sony did not restrict minor childrens participation in its websites, Sony paid a $1 million fine. Sony Commercial Music Group – Official Site Sony Music Entertainment, Incorporated – Company Profile on Yahoo
Sony BMG
–
Primary businesses
11.
Ultra Music
–
Ultra Music is a worldwide music entity, comprising Ultra Records, Ultra Music Publishing, and Empire Artist Management. Ultra Records was formed in New York City in 1995 by former Polygram and Virgin Records executive Patrick Moxey, as of December 23,2012, Ultra entered a global alliance with Sony Music, giving it’s artists’ access to Sony’s international marketing and promotional resources. Moxey also holds the title as President of Sony’s Worldwide Electronic Music efforts, Ultra Records has also won the title of International Dance Music Awards Best American Music Label 10 consecutive times. By 2017, Ultra Music has received Diamond, Platinum, oMIs “Cheerleader has received 1x Diamond, 20x Platinum, and 7x Gold certifications globally. Steve Aoki and former member of One Direction, Louis Tomlinson, released their collaboration “Just Hold On” which went Gold, “Don’t Be So Shy ” by French singer and model Imany went 2x Platinum. Producer and DJ Deorro’s Latin crossover ballad “Bailar, ” featuring Grammy Award-winning Merengue singer Elvis Crespo went Multi-Platinum, Deorro’s collaboration with Chris Brown “Five More Hours” earned 19x Platinum and 4x Gold certifications. “Paradise” a collaboration between Benny Benassi and Chris Brown went certified Gold in 2016, recent signings to the Ultra repertoire have acquired charted titles, Lost Frequencies’ “Are You With Me” with Multi-Platinum and Gold certifications across 14 countries. Pop singer Era Istrefi’s track “Bonbon” went Gold in 4 countries, sNBRN’s “Gangsta Walk” went 2x Platinum. French producer Klingande went Platinum with his song “Somewhere New”, recently Grammy-nominated duo Sofi Tukker went certified Gold with their record “Drinkee”. Ultra’s artist Kygo performed the Closing Ceremony of Rio’s 2016 Olympics, currently, Ultra Records is #53 on YouTube for Most Viewed Channels of all time. With the official YouTube channel garnering over 6 billion views and over 8 million subscribers. Elvis Crespo - Bailar - Just Dance 2017 Dyro & Dannic - Raddical - Just Dance 2017 Era Istrefi - Bonbon - Just Dance 2017 Flosstradamus, FKI 1st, - Madden NFL ‘17 Steve Aoki & Laidback Luke feat. Lil Jon - Turbulence - Madden NFL ‘17 Steve Aoki - How Else feat, rich The Kid and ILoveMakonennen - Madden NFL ‘17 Kygo feat. Kodaline - Raging - FIFA2017 Neil Ormandy - Shoulders Of Giants - Lucifer Promo Campaign Anderson. Paak feat. ScHoolboy Q - SONOS In-Store POS Campaign Daktyl - Stay - Samsung Come Together Ad Busy Signal - Watch Me Now - Smirnoff’s Diageo Ad Deorro - Move On - T-Mobile Ad Flosstradamus feat. Travis Porter - Drop Top - T-Mobile Ad Vic Mensa - U Mad - Apple Watch Ad Busy Signal - Everybody Move - LG Ad Deorro feat, Elvis Crespo - Bailar - Target Fall 2016 Ad Deorro feat. Elvis Crespo - Bailar - Target Halloween 2016 Ad Anderson. Paak feat, Ultra Music Festival and Ultra Music have partnered with one another to create a series of electronic music festivals worldwide
Ultra Music
–
Kaskade in
Indianapolis,
Indiana in 2012.
Ultra Music
–
Primary businesses
12.
Idol (Norway)
–
Idol, Jakten på en superstjerne is a television show on the Norwegian television channel TV2, based on the popular British show Pop Idol. The show describes itself as a Search For A SuperStar, the contestants are first narrowed down to 100 contestants, and then down to 24-50 through several auditions and tests by a panel of judges. From this point on, the viewers decide who are in and who are out, and the judges limit themselves to commenting. TV viewers being what they are, the votes are based not solely on the vocal performance, but also on his or her looks, clothes, entertainment value. In the first four seasons the agelimit for participation was 16–28 years old, in season five it was changed to 16-35. Idol in Norway is unique in that contestants have been allowed to perform self composed songs since the first season in 2003, in the first season,50 people were narrowed down to 10, with each contestant performing live. However, the number of legal contestants was narrowed down to nine when Idol-finalist Jeanette Vik was disqualified for being underage. Tone Anette Eidsheim Elde who had eliminated in the very first finalshow got a second chance. Four judges provided critiques of each competitors performance, viewers had several hours following the broadcast of the show to phone in their votes for their favorite contestant. Later the same night, the contestant with the fewest votes was sent home, kurt Nilsen won season one, with Gaute Ormåsen coming in second. Kurt got 53% of the votes, Nilsen went on to win World Idol in the beginning of 2004. In the second season they changed the procedures a bit, first the contestants were narrowed down to 40 instead of 50. In addition to these 10 finalists, the judges picked a final 11th contestant, kjartan Salvesen won season two, with Margaret Berger coming in second. Kjartan got 59% of the votes, the third season was a bit different as well. First the contestants were narrowed down to 50, then, after five shows where 2 of 10 were voted forward in each show. But the judges were not pleased and got to take two straight to final, Erik Flaa and David Bakke, making the total of finalists to 12. Jorun Stiansen won season three, with Tone Damli Aaberge coming in second, jorun got 55% of the votes. The fourth season was, yet again, a bit different, first the contestants were narrowed down to 40
Idol (Norway)
–
Idol: Jakten på en superstjerne
13.
Pretty Scary Silver Fairy
–
Pretty Scary Silver Fairy is the second studio album by Norwegian recording artist Margaret Berger. It was released in Norway on 2 October 2006 by RCA Records and its title comes from Bergers wish for the album to be sweet but mean at the same time. The lyrics were written by Berger and inspired by her adolescence, notes Silver Fairy contains elements of Holiday in Harlem written by Nathaniel Reed and Chick Webb. Naive contains elements of Gentle on My Mind written by John Hartford, credits adapted from the liner notes of Pretty Scary Silver Fairy
Pretty Scary Silver Fairy
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Pretty Scary Silver Fairy
14.
Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013
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Norway participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö, Sweden. The Norwegian entry was selected through the national selection Melodi Grand Prix 2013, Margaret Berger represented Norway with the song I Feed You My Love, which qualified from the second semi-final of the competition and placed 4th in the final with 191 points. On 13 June 2012, NRK confirmed Norways participation in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 by announcing details regarding their selection procedure. NRK opened a period that lasted until 1 September 2012 where artists. Artists that applied had to confirm that would be at least 16 years old by the first semifinal for the Eurovision Song Contest 2013, a profession jury panel was assembled in order to select the competing song. On 15 September 2012, NRK announced that radio host Jenny Skavlan and they replace long-standing presenter Per Sundnes who stepped down after the conclusion of the Eurovision Song Contest 2012. This was implemented as an attempt to place all competing artists on a playing field. The artists and songs competing in the first semi-final were revealed on 16 January 2013, the first semi-final took place on 19 January 2013 at Campus Steinkjer in Steinkjer. Seven artists and songs competed for three qualifying spots to the final, vidar Busk, Datarock, and Gromth featuring Emil Solli-Tangen qualified to the final. The artists and songs competing in the second semi-final were revealed on 23 January 2013, the second semi-final took place on 26 January 2013 at Florø Idrettssenter in Florø. Seven artists and songs competed for three qualifying spots to the final, Annsofi, Fjellfolk, and Margaret Berger qualified to the final. The artists and songs competing in the third semi-final were revealed on 30 January 2013, the third semi-final took place on 2 February 2013 at Arena Larvik in Larvik. Seven artists and songs competed for three qualifying spots to the final, gaute Ormåsen, Sirkus Eliassen, and Adelén qualified to the finals. On 4 February 2013, NRK gave the group Lucky Lips a wildcard to the final after considering an act from each semifinal, the final took place on 9 February 2013 at Oslo Spektrum in Oslo. The three qualifiers from each of the three semifinals and the wildcard completed the line-up of ten artists and songs. In the first part of the program, all ten competing entries were performed, in the second part of the program, the four Gold Final finalists were announced to be Adelén, Annsofi, Sirkus Eliassen, and Margaret Berger. The interval acts for the evening were Eurovision Song Contest 2012 winner Loreen and 2012 Norwegian entrant Tooji, after the jury and televotes were combined, Margaret Berger was the winner of Melodi Grand Prix 2013 with the song I Feed You My Love. To ensure fair distribution in the semifinals, the Eurovision Reference Group decided on 7 November 2012 that Norway would compete in the second semifinal on 16 May
Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013
–
Margaret Berger at the second semi-final dress rehearsal in Malmö.
15.
Eurovision Song Contest 2013
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The Eurovision Song Contest 2013 was the 58th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Malmö, Sweden, following Loreens win at the 2012 contest in Baku and it was the fifth time that Sweden had hosted the contest, the last time being in 2000. Sveriges Television chose Malmö Arena as the following the consideration of several venues in Sweden. The host for the contest was Petra Mede, thirty-nine countries participated, including Armenia, which was last represented in 2011. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Portugal, Slovakia and Turkey announced their withdrawal from the 2013 Contest, compared to many of the previous contests in the history of Eurovision, rather than focusing on promoting its own country, Sweden chose to lay focus on the artists and their respective countries. The winner for 2013 was Denmark with the song Only Teardrops sung by Emmelie de Forest and this makes it the second time that Denmark won on Swedish soil. Ukraine finished in place and Norway in fourth, while Russia finished in fifth place. Out of the countries with the Big Five status, only Italy managed to finish in the top ten, third in a row since its return, coming seventh with 126 points, the Netherlands finished ninth in their first participation in a final since 2004. 170 million viewers watched the semifinals and final of the 2013 edition, for the first time since 1985, no country of the former Yugoslav federation participated in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest. The concept sees all countries performing in the Grand Final present themselves with their flags before the contest begins. This year, the contestants entered the stage by walking across a bridge over the audience. The idea was continued the following years by Denmark and Austria, on 8 July 2012, the Swedish broadcaster Sveriges Television announced that Malmö Arena in Malmö would be the host venue for the 2013 Eurovision Song Contest. This was the time after 1975,1985,1992 and 2000 that the competition was held in Sweden and the second time, after 1992. This were factors in the choice of Malmö Arena as the host venue, and Malmö as Swedens third-largest city by population after Stockholm and Gothenburg, Øresund bridge was eventually also used as the main artistic medium for the theme of the contest, as an expression of binding cultures. One alternative put forward in the Expressen, was to hold the competition at three different venues – the semi-finals in Gothenburg and Malmö, and the final in Stockholm. This proposal was dismissed as unfeasible by SVT, which declared that the contest would be hosted in one city. On 20 June 2012, it was announced that Gothenburg had withdrawn from the process due to the city being the host of the Göteborg Horse Show in late April 2013. There were also concerns about the availability of hotel rooms due to a variety of events taking place in the same time frame as the Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 2013
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Square in Malmö before the finals, with time table demonstrating the countdown for the broadcast.
Eurovision Song Contest 2013
Eurovision Song Contest 2013
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Malmö Arena, next to Hyllie Railway Station.
Eurovision Song Contest 2013
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The stage with its movable parts and the audience closely surrounding it during the opening act of the second semi-final
16.
Sweden
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Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, at 450,295 square kilometres, Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low density of 22 inhabitants per square kilometre. Approximately 85% of the lives in urban areas. Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats/Götar and Swedes/Svear, Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested. Sweden is part of the area of Fennoscandia. The climate is in very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence. Today, Sweden is a monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state. The capital city is Stockholm, which is also the most populous city in the country, legislative power is vested in the 349-member unicameral Riksdag. Executive power is exercised by the government chaired by the prime minister, Sweden is a unitary state, currently divided into 21 counties and 290 municipalities. Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages, in the 17th century, it expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire, which became one of the great powers of Europe until the early 18th century. Swedish territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were gradually lost during the 18th and 19th centuries, the last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Norway was militarily forced into personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, maintaining a policy of neutrality in foreign affairs. The union with Norway was peacefully dissolved in 1905, leading to Swedens current borders, though Sweden was formally neutral through both world wars, Sweden engaged in humanitarian efforts, such as taking in refugees from German-occupied Europe. After the end of the Cold War, Sweden joined the European Union on 1 January 1995 and it is also a member of the United Nations, the Nordic Council, Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Sweden maintains a Nordic social welfare system that provides health care. The modern name Sweden is derived through back-formation from Old English Swēoþēod and this word is derived from Sweon/Sweonas. The Swedish name Sverige literally means Realm of the Swedes, excluding the Geats in Götaland, the etymology of Swedes, and thus Sweden, is generally not agreed upon but may derive from Proto-Germanic Swihoniz meaning ones own, referring to ones own Germanic tribe
Sweden
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A
Vendel-era helmet, at the Swedish Museum of National Antiquities.
Sweden
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Flag
Sweden
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A
romantic nationalist interpretation of
Valdemar IV taking control over
Gotland. The final battle outside the walls of Visby in 1361 ended with a massacre of 1,800 defenders of the city.
Sweden
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Stockholm in mid-17th century
17.
I Feed You My Love
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I Feed You My Love is a song recorded by Norwegian singer Margaret Berger, released as the first single from her third studio album New Religion. The song was written by Karin Park and MachoPsycho and produced by MachoPsycho and it is best known as Norways entry to the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 held in Malmö, Sweden. The song competed in the second semi-final on 16 May 2013, since appearing on Eurovision, the song has charted on iTunes charts around Europe and the world, including Australia. I Feed You My Love is an electronic and electropop song written in B minor, the song has a sparse arrangement over lush strings and starts with a dark electroclash riff that contrasts with Berger’s delicate vocals. The introduction of drums halfway through the first verse and synthesized strings during the chorus help provide build, according to lyricist Karin Park, the song is about having the courage and strength to do what you want. Commenting on Bergers interpretation of the song, Karin Park noted that she does it amazingly well, ann Gripper from Daily Mirror wrote that Berger starts the song with a Bjork-esque fragile icy burr—perfect for the ice queen being woken from the snow she sings of. Its a gloriously pummeling pop track thats as weird as it is infectious, at ESC Review the song has been described as the most contemporary entry in Eurovision 2013, following in the path of the similarly modern Loreens Euphoria
I Feed You My Love
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"I Feed You My Love"
18.
Gospel choir
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Gospel music is a music genre in Christian music. The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music varies according to culture. Gospel music is composed and performed for many purposes, including aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, Gospel music usually has dominant vocals with Christian lyrics. Gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century, with roots in the oral tradition. Hymns and sacred songs were repeated in a call and response fashion, most of the churches relied on hand clapping and foot stomping as rhythmic accompaniment. Most of the singing was done a cappella, the first published use of the term Gospel Song probably appeared in 1874. The original gospel songs were written and composed by such as George F. Root, Philip Bliss, Charles H. Gabriel, William Howard Doane. The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music, following World War II, gospel music moved into major auditoriums, and gospel music concerts became quite elaborate. Gospel blues is a form of gospel music. Southern gospel used all male, tenor-lead-baritone-bass quartet make-up, progressive Southern gospel is an American music genre that has grown out of Southern gospel over the past couple of decades. Christian country music, sometimes referred to as gospel music, is a subgenre of gospel music with a country flair. It peaked in popularity in the mid-1990s, bluegrass gospel music is rooted in American mountain music. Celtic gospel music infuses gospel music with a Celtic flair, and is popular in countries such as Ireland. British black gospel refers to Gospel music of the African diaspora, some proponents of standard hymns generally dislike gospel music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, with distance, there is a greater acceptance of such gospel songs into official denominational hymnals. Gospel music in general is characterized by dominant vocals referencing lyrics of a Christian nature, subgenres include contemporary gospel, urban contemporary gospel, Southern gospel, and modern gospel music. Several forms of gospel music utilize choirs, use piano or Hammond organ, tambourines, drums, bass guitar and, increasingly, electric guitar. In comparison with hymns, which are generally of a statelier measure, several attempts have been made to describe the style of late 19th and early 20th century gospel songs in general
Gospel choir
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Mahalia Jackson in the
Concertgebouw concert hall, The Netherlands
Gospel choir
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Exemplification of gospel music: an open Bible and a CD, which represent the gospel in written and musical forms
19.
Maria Haukaas Storeng
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Maria Haukaas Mittet is a Norwegian recording artist. Maria was born in Finnsnes, but grew up in Senja, in Troms county and she first received national media attention when she had her first musical role at the age of 11, with the lead in Annie, at the Bryggeteateret in Oslo. Maria and her family moved to Oslo for the musical, and she has since performed in several musicals, both in the capital Oslo, and in the county Troms where she grew up. At the age of 24, she was part of Idol in 2004 and she took part in the Idol Tour 2004, along with other contestants in the top ten. She released her solo album in 2005, which peaked at number 13 on the Norwegian album charts. The single Breathing peaked at number 5 and was certified Gold in Norway and she went on a four-month national tour to promote the album. Shouldve has the chord structure as the Rolling Stones song Beast of Burden from their album Some Girls. Maria is the Norwegian representative to perform in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 with the song Hold On Be Strong, on 12 February 2008 the song entered the Norwegian single charts at number 5, reaching number 1 on 19 February 2008. Maria released her studio album, Hold On Be Strong. Maria entered the qualifying rounds of the Melodi Grand Prix 2008 on 18 January and was voted through directly to the national final, the song finished fourth in the first semi-final and qualified for the final, which took place on 24 May. Maria and the song did well in the final, ending up in fifth place. Maria was a co-host of Melodi Grand Prix 2009, in which Alexander Rybak was selected as Norways entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009, Maria also participated in the Swedish Melodifestivalen 2009, singing Killing Me Tenderly, with Anna Sahlene. They competed against seven contestants in the fourth heat, in Malmö on 28 February 2009. Marias song is called Make My Day and is written by Merethe La Verdi and Mats Lie Skåre and is described as mid-tempo. On January 8, the first heat of the Melodi Grand Prix 2010 was held In Orland and Maria won the semi and advanced to the Final in Oslo, Maria performed the official theme song Glorious for the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 in Oslo, Norway
Maria Haukaas Storeng
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Maria Haukaas Mittet
Maria Haukaas Storeng
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Maria Haukaas Storeng performing "
Hold On Be Strong " at the first
Eurovision Song Contest 2008 semi-final.
20.
Anneli Drecker
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Anneli Marian Drecker is a Norwegian singer and actress from the city of Tromsø. Her father Peter Drecker, a German from Bielefeld, emigrated in 1960 to Norway, Drecker is the vocalist for the seminal dream pop band Bel Canto. In the fall of 2006 Bel Canto celebrated the anniversary of the first album with several concerts. She worked with fellow Norwegians Röyksopp, since 1999-2012 including as the vocalist on the track Sparks and as their live vocalist, in 2004 she was a jury member in the Norwegian version of Pop Idol. She continues to perform live in Norway. In 2012 Drecker took part in the NRK TV-show Stjernekamp, first season, in 2014 she appeared again on TV2 as one of the artists in the famous series Hver Gang Vi Møtes. On her latest album Rocks And Straws we are given the reversion of a journey that began in 1986 with Bel Canto. She has composed the music with lyrics based on poems by the Northern Norwegian poet Arvid Handsen, at the Vossajazz festival 2015, Drecker performed the tune Little Tree from this album, with her daughter Luna. Karlsen, M. Olin, M. Sødahl, F. Mosvold & L. M
Anneli Drecker
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Drecker in 2001.
Anneli Drecker
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Anneli Drecker at
Vossajazz March 2015. Photo by Knut Andersen
Anneli Drecker
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Anneli Drecker live with her daughter Luna at
Vossajazz 2015. Photo by Knut Andersen
21.
The Beatles
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The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960. With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player. The core of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them. They acquired the nickname the Fab Four as Beatlemania grew in Britain the next year, from 1965 onwards, the Beatles produced increasingly innovative recordings, including the albums Rubber Soul, Revolver, Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, The Beatles and Abbey Road, after their break-up in 1970, they each enjoyed successful musical careers of varying lengths. McCartney and Starr, the members, remain musically active. Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of cancer in November 2001. The Beatles are the band in history, with estimated sales of over 600 million records worldwide. They have had more number-one albums on the British charts and sold more singles in the UK than any other act, according to the RIAA, the Beatles are also the best-selling music artists in the United States, with 178 million certified units. In 2008, the group topped Billboard magazines list of the all-time most successful Hot 100 artists, as of 2016 and they have received ten Grammy Awards, an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score and fifteen Ivor Novello Awards. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988 and they were also collectively included in Time magazines compilation of the twentieth centurys 100 most influential people. In March 1957, John Lennon, then aged sixteen, formed a group with several friends from Quarry Bank school. They briefly called themselves the Blackjacks, before changing their name to the Quarrymen after discovering that a local group was already using the other name. Fifteen-year-old Paul McCartney joined as a rhythm guitarist shortly after he, in February 1958, McCartney invited his friend George Harrison to watch the band. The fourteen-year-old auditioned for Lennon, impressing him with his playing, after a month of Harrisons persistence, they enlisted him as their lead guitarist. By January 1959, Lennons Quarry Bank friends had left the group, the three guitarists, billing themselves at least three times as Johnny and the Moondogs, were playing rock and roll whenever they could find a drummer. They used the name until May, when they became the Silver Beetles, before undertaking a tour of Scotland as the backing group for pop singer. By early July, they had changed their name to the Silver Beatles, allan Williams, the Beatles unofficial manager, arranged a residency for them in Hamburg, but lacking a full-time drummer they auditioned and hired Pete Best in mid-August 1960
The Beatles
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The "Fab Four" Beatles lineup in 1964 Top: Lennon, McCartney Bottom: Harrison, Starr
The Beatles
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Abbey Road Studios main entrance
The Beatles
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McCartney, Harrison, Swedish pop singer
Lill-Babs and Lennon on the set of the Swedish television show Drop-In, 30 October 1963
The Beatles
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The Beatles arrive at John F. Kennedy International Airport, 7 February 1964
22.
Come Together
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Come Together is a song by the Beatles written primarily by John Lennon and credited to Lennon–McCartney. The song is the track on the album Abbey Road and was also released as a single coupled with Something. The song reached the top of the charts in the United States and its gobbledygook, Come Together was an expression that Leary had come up with for his attempt at being president or whatever he wanted to be, and he asked me to write a campaign song. I tried and tried, but I couldnt come up with one, but I came up with this, Come Together, which wouldve been no good to him - you couldnt have a campaign song like that, right. It has been speculated that each verse refers cryptically to one of the Beatles and it has also been suggested that the song has only a single pariah-like protagonist and Lennon was painting another sardonic self-portrait. Lennon played rhythm guitar and sang the vocal, McCartney played bass, Harrison played lead guitar and it was produced by George Martin and recorded at the end of July 1969 at Abbey Road Studios. In the intro, Lennon says, shoot me, which is accompanied by his handclaps, the famous Beatles walrus from I Am the Walrus and Glass Onion returns in the line he got walrus gumboot, followed by he got Ono sideboard. Bluesman Muddy Waters is also mentioned in the song, Lennon replied, Dont worry, Ill do the overdubs on this. Come Together was released as the B-side of Something and as the track of Abbey Road. The single was released on 6 October 1969 in the US, was on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for 16 weeks, the single had less success when it was released on 31 October 1969 in the UK, only reaching No. 4, possibly due to the BBC banning the song because the mention of Coca-Cola violated the BBCs policy against product placement. Rolling Stone ranked Come Together at #202 on their list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, along with Something, Come Together became the Beatles 18th number one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, surpassing Elvis Presleys record of 17. In 1973, Come Together was the subject of a lawsuit brought against Lennon by Big Seven Music Corp. who was the publisher of Chuck Berrys You Cant Catch Me, Levy contended that it sounded similar musically to Berrys original and shared some lyrics. Before recording, Lennon and McCartney deliberately slowed the song down, after settling out of court, Lennon promised to record three other songs owned by Levy. A brief version of Ya Ya with Lennon and his son Julian was released on the album Walls and Bridges in 1974. You Cant Catch Me and another version of Ya Ya were released on Lennons 1975 album Rock n Roll, Levy again sued Lennon for breach of contract, and was eventually awarded $6,795. Lennon countersued after Levy released an album of Lennon material using tapes that were in his possession and was eventually awarded $84,912.96, the availability of separate tracks from the original Beatles multi-tracks have made fresh investigation of the Beatles personnel data possible. One of the discoveries is that on the verses of Come Together, when it came time to record it, John played the electric piano instead of Paul
Come Together
–
"Come Together"
Come Together
23.
Alanis Morissette
–
Alanis Nadine Morissette is a Canadian-American alternative rock singer-songwriter, musician, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and actress. Morissette began her career in Canada in the early 1990s, with two commercially successful dance-pop albums and her following album, Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie, was released in 1998. Morissette took up producing duties for her subsequent albums, which include Under Rug Swept, So-Called Chaos and her eighth studio album, Havoc and Bright Lights, was released in 2012. Morissette has sold more than 60 million albums worldwide, Morissette is also known for her powerful and emotive mezzo-soprano voice. She has been dubbed the Queen of alt-rock angst by Rolling Stone, Morissette was born June 1,1974, in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, to teacher Georgia Mary Ann and high-school principal Alan Richard Morissette. She has two siblings, older brother Chad is an entrepreneur, and twin brother Wade is a musician. Her father was of French and Irish descent and her mother had Hungarian ancestry and her parents were teachers in a military school and due to their work often had to move. From 1977 to 1980 Morissette spent three years of her childhood in Germany, when she was six years old, she returned to Ottawa and started to play the piano. In 1981, when she was seven years old, she began dance lessons and she attended Holy Family Catholic School for elementary school and Immaculata High School for Grades 7 and 8 before completing the rest of her high school at Glebe Collegiate Institute. She appeared on the television show You Cant Do That on Television for five episodes when she was in elementary school. Morissette recorded her first demo called Fate Stay with Me, produced by Lindsay Thomas Morgan at Marigold Studios in Toronto, in 1991 MCA Records Canada released Morissettes debut album, Alanis, in Canada only. Morissette co-wrote every track on the album with its producer, Leslie Howe, the dance-pop album went platinum, and its first single, Too Hot, reached the top twenty on the RPM singles chart. Subsequent singles Walk Away and Feel Your Love reached the top 40, Morissettes popularity, style of music and appearance, particularly that of her hair, led her to become known as the Debbie Gibson of Canada, comparisons to Tiffany were also common. During the same period, she was an opening act for rapper Vanilla Ice. Morissette was nominated for three 1992 Juno Awards, Most Promising Female Vocalist of the Year, Single of the Year, in 1992, she released her second album, Now Is the Time, a ballad-driven record that featured less glitzy production than Alanis and contained more thoughtful lyrics. Morissette wrote the songs with the producer, Leslie Howe. She said of the album, people could go, Boo, hiss, hiss, but the way I look at it. People will like your next album if its a suck-ass one, as with Alanis, Now Is the Time was released only in Canada and produced three top 40 singles—An Emotion Away, the minor adult contemporary hit No Apologies and Never a Waste of Time
Alanis Morissette
–
Morissette performing at Saban Theater in
Beverly Hills, California, May 19, 2014
Alanis Morissette
–
Alanis Morissette, 2004
Alanis Morissette
–
Alanis during a live concert in Barcelona, June 2008
24.
Disco
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Disco is a genre of dance music containing elements of funk, soul, pop, and salsa. It achieved popularity during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, Disco can be seen as a reaction against both the domination of rock music and the stigmatization of dance music by the counterculture during this period. It was popular with men and women, from many different backgrounds. The disco sound often has several components, a beat, an eighth note or 16th note hi-hat pattern with an open hi-hat on the off-beat. In most disco tracks, string sections, horns, electric piano, Orchestral instruments such as the flute are often used for solo melodies, and lead guitar is less frequently used in disco than in rock. Many disco songs use electronic synthesizers, particularly in the late 1970s, well-known 1970s disco performers included Donna Summer, the Bee Gees, Boney M. KC and the Sunshine Band, The Trammps, Sylvester, Village People, Gloria Gaynor and Chic. While performers and singers garnered much attention, record producers working behind the scenes played an important role in developing the disco sound. Many non-disco artists recorded songs at the height of discos popularity. Disco was the last mass popular movement that was driven by the baby boom generation. Disco was a phenomenon, but its popularity drastically declined in the United States in 1980. Disco Demolition Night, an anti-disco protest held in Chicago on 12 July 1979, is thought of as a factor in discos fast. By the late 1970s most major U. S. cities had thriving disco club scenes, Studio 54, a venue popular amongst celebrities, is a well-known example of a disco club. Popular dances included the Hustle, a suggestive dance. Discotheque-goers often wore expensive, extravagant and sexy fashions, Disco clubs were also associated with promiscuity. Disco was a key influence on the 1980s electronic dance style called house. The term is derived from discothèque, by the early 1940s, the terms disc jockey and DJ were in use to describe radio presenters. During WWII, because of restrictions set in place by the Nazi occupiers, eventually more than one of these jazz venues had the proper name discothèque. By 1959, the term was used in Paris to describe any of these type of nightclubs and that year a young reporter named Klaus Quirini started to select and introduce records at the Scotch-Club in Aachen, West Germany
Disco
–
A
disco ball
Disco
–
Major disco clubs had lighted dance floors, with the light flashing according to the beat.
Disco
–
Man wearing Disco Sucks T-shirt.
Disco
–
Students from
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico City performing disco during a cultural event on campus
25.
Walking on Sunshine (Katrina and the Waves song)
–
Walking on Sunshine is a song written by Kimberley Rew for Katrina and the Waves 1983 eponymous debut full-length album. It was the Waves first U. S. top 40 hit, conceived of as a ballad, Katrina decided to belt the song out. Royalties from airplay and advertisements of Walking on Sunshine have been extremely high, Katrina and the Waves kept the publishing rights and the royalties that typically go to the songwriter have been divided among the band members. Estimates are the song has earned $1 million per year for the ten years ending in 2010, according to a former employee of EMI, Walking on Sunshine was the crown jewel in EMIs catalog, and that it was one of EMIs biggest earners from advertisers. 2010 was the 25th anniversary of the release of Walking on Sunshine and a series of back-catalog re-releases, a free download of one of the tracks from Kimberley Rews solo album Bible of Bop was given away in March 2010 from the bands website. In August 2015, the song was acquired by BMG Rights Management for £10 million, along all the other songs written by Kimberley Rew and Katrina. The music video opens with a Docklands alley, the Waves huddling whilst Katrina dances about above them, the video proceeds to depict the band performing live at a United Kingdom concert. She catches up with the others and feeds ducks, the four all repair to a backstage dressing room and prepare for a concert. In 1997, a remix of Partons version was released. Matthew Gerrard produced a cover of Walking on Sunshine for American pop rock duo Aly & AJs debut album, the song was released as the albums fourth single on June 22,2005. It was also used to promote the film Herbie, Fully Loaded, the singles video features Aly & AJ performing and is intercut with clips from the film Herbie, Fully Loaded. The song was shortened down to one minute and 55 seconds and this song was also featured in the 2010 film Ramona and Beezus and the 2011 film Sharpays Fabulous Adventure. In seasons 2-3 of Kids Incorporated, Gloria/Stacy covered this song, in 1993, Clifford, The Great Gonzo, and Rizzo the Rat covered the song for the album Muppet Beach Party. In 1994, Macedonian alternative rock band Last Expedition covered it as Dojdi so mene on the album Izgubeni likovi in 1994. For All the Hearts Weve Broken in 1997. Christian ska bands Ghoti Hook and The Insyderz recorded covers of Walking on Sunshine in 1998 and 2001, in 2003, Nikki Cleary covered the song on her album Nikki Cleary. In 2004, German pop group Preluders covered the song on their album Prelude to History, in 2007, pop group Girl Authority covered the song on Road Trip. Christian pop group Jump5 recorded a version on their 2003 album Accelerate and this cover was also on the soundtrack to the movie Ella Enchanted. In 2009, the song was featured in a mash-up with Halo by Beyoncé on the TV show Glee
Walking on Sunshine (Katrina and the Waves song)
–
"Walking on Sunshine"
26.
Katrina and the Waves
–
Katrina and the Waves were a British-American rock band best known for the 1985 hit Walking on Sunshine. They also won the 1997 Eurovision Song Contest with the song Love Shine a Light, the bands earliest incarnation was as The Waves, a group that played in and around Cambridge, England, from 1975 to 1977 and featured guitarist Kimberley Rew and drummer Alex Cooper. This incarnation of the Waves never issued any recordings, and broke up when Rew left to join the Soft Boys, a more direct ancestor of Katrina and the Waves was the band Mamas Cookin, a pop cover band hailing from Feltwell, England. This band, founded in 1978, featured American Katrina Leskanich on vocals and keyboards, by late 1980, Alex Cooper had joined the band on drums, with Bob Jakins on bass. Mamas Cookin proceeded to gig steadily in England over the two years, specialising in covers of songs by American acts such as Heart, Foreigner, Linda Ronstadt. When The Soft Boys broke up in 1981, Rew contacted his old Wave-mate Cooper to see about renewing their musical partnership. Cooper convinced Rew to join Mamas Cookin, and the group was quickly renamed The Waves after the band Rew. The Waves were initially fronted by singer/songwriter/guitarist Rew, who brought a wealth of material to the band. Leskanich, meanwhile, originally sang lead vocals on the cover tunes in the bands repertoire. However, over the first year of the Waves existence, Rew began to write material for Leskanich to sing, the Waves made their initial recorded appearances on a 1982 single, both tracks were included on the 1982 Rew solo album called The Bible of Bop. The Waves then issued their debut EP Shock Horror later in 1982, around this time, bassist Jakins left the band. Jakins was not replaced, as de la Cruz took over on bass and the band was renamed Katrina, in early 1983, the fledgling band recorded—at their own expense—an LP of their original material designed to be sold at gigs. Rew wrote all the songs on this LP, while Leskanich sang eight of the ten tracks. The LP was shopped around to labels, but only Attic Records in Canada responded with an offer. Consequently, although they were based in England, Katrina and The Waves first album Walking On Sunshine was released only in Canada, the album garnered enough critical attention and radio play to merit a Canadian tour. In 1984, the released a follow-up album in Canada. Rew was still the primary songwriter, but de la Cruz was also responsible for a few songs, also in 1984, their song Going Down to Liverpool was covered by The Bangles, which added to their profile. For the first Capitol album, the band re-recorded, remixed, the Katrina and the Waves album was a substantial critical and commercial success, and the group had a worldwide hit with the song Walking on Sunshine
Katrina and the Waves
–
Clockwise from top left: Alex Cooper, Vince de la Cruz, Kimberley Rew, and Katrina Leskanich; 1985.
27.
Murder on the Dancefloor
–
Murder on the Dancefloor is a song written by Gregg Alexander and Sophie Ellis-Bextor, produced by Alexander and Matt Rowe for Ellis-Bextors first album, Read My Lips. After the release of Take Me Home in August 2001, Ellis-Bextor released her best-selling single to date in December 2001, the song is deemed to be among Ellis-Bextors fan favourite songs. The song is Ellis-Bextors greatest hit so far internationally and it was also a hit in Australia peaking at number three, staying in the top fifty for twenty weeks, being accredited platinum by ARIA and becoming the eleventh-highest selling single for 2002. The music video was directed by Sophie Muller and it centres around a dance competition, the winners prize consists of a pair of golden high-heel shoes and a substantial amount of money. Desperate to win, Ellis-Bextor proceeds to sneakily injure and disqualify the majority of the other dancers and she causes one to slip on butter, before tripping-up another, who sees her do it and angrily points at her to no avail. Next she slyly poisons a trio of potential rivals by spiking the punch during a refreshment period and she finally frames a male dancer for cheating on his partner, by planting a G-String on his person, this results in his partner slapping him and exiting the dance floor. Ellis-Bextor then turns her attention to the trio of judges, by using what seems to be chloroform, she incapacitates the only female judge on the panel. Once the competition is down to the four couples, Ellis-Bextor notices that the lead judge has a weak spot for beautiful women. Using this to her advantage, Ellis-Bextor approaches him when he is alone at the judging table, lovestruck, the lead judge succeeds in persuading the remaining judge to have Ellis-Bextor declared the winner, much to her fellow dancers disapproval. The video concludes with the other dancers grudgingly applauding Ellis-Bextor and her partner, as she happily clutches her cash prize
Murder on the Dancefloor
–
"Murder on the Dancefloor"
28.
Sophie Ellis-Bextor
–
Sophie Michelle Ellis-Bextor is an English singer, songwriter and model. She first came to prominence in the late 1990s, as the singer of the indie rock band Theaudience. After the group disbanded, Ellis-Bextor went solo, achieving success in the early 2000s. Her music is a mixture of pop, disco, nu-disco. Her solo debut album, Read My Lips, was released in September 2001, the album reached number two in the UK Albums Chart and was certified double platinum by the British Phonographic Industry. The record experienced international success, selling more than 2 million copies worldwide and it produced four singles, three of which reached the top three in the UK. In 2003, Read My Lips won the Edison Award for Best Dance Album, Ellis-Bextors second album, Shoot from the Hip, was released in October 2003. The album reached number 19 in the UK and produced two top ten singles, Trip the Light Fantastic, her third album, was released in May 2007 and reached number seven in the UK. The album produced three singles, one of which reached the top ten in the UK, in 2009, Ellis-Bextor released the Freemasons collaboration Heartbreak and her first extended play, Sophie Ellis-Bextor, iTunes Live in London. Her fourth studio album, Make a Scene, was released in April 2011, in 2014, Ellis-Bextor released her fifth studio album, Wanderlust which became her highest charting album since Read My Lips, peaking at number 4 in the UK. Coinciding with the release, the lead single, Young Blood. As a young girl, she appeared on several Blue Peter items and she is the half-sister of Jackson Ellis-Leach, her bands drummer. She attended St. Stephens School and later Godolphin and Latymer School in Hammersmith, among her earliest public performances were with the W11 Opera childrens opera from the age of thirteen, and she is now a patron of the organisation. She is a supporter of Fulham F. C. At the age of four, Ellis-Bextor appeared on the BBCs Thats Life and she began her musical career in 1997, singing lead vocals in indie band Theaudience. Theaudience released four singles, including the UK Top 40 hits I Know Enough, and A Pessimist Is Never Disappointed, videos for the bands singles were directed by her father, Robin Bextor. While in Theaudience, readers of Melody Maker voted Ellis-Bextor number one in a poll of most sexy people in rock, the band split in 1999 after demos for a planned second album were rejected by their label Mercury Records, who then dropped the band. After Theaudience split, Ellis-Bextor took a year off from singing, in 2000, Ellis-Bextor collaborated with Italian DJ Spiller, adding vocals to his then-instrumental club track Groovejet, her first recorded work since that with Theaudience
Sophie Ellis-Bextor
–
Ellis-Bextor at the
2015 British Academy Television Awards, May 2015
Sophie Ellis-Bextor
–
Ellis-Bextor performing at
G-A-Y in 2007
Sophie Ellis-Bextor
–
Ellis-Bextor performing in November 2012
29.
Betty Hutton
–
Betty Hutton was an American stage, film, and television actress, comedian, dancer, and singer. Hutton was born Elizabeth June Thornburg in Battle Creek, Michigan and she was the daughter of a railroad foreman, Percy E. Thornburg and his wife, Mabel Lum, while she was very young, her father abandoned the family for another woman. They did not hear of him again until they received a telegram in 1937, along with her older sister Marion, Betty was raised by her alcoholic mother, who took the surname Hutton and was later billed as the actress Sissy Jones. The three started singing in the familys speakeasy when Betty was 3 years old, troubles with the police kept the family on the move. They eventually landed in Detroit, where she attended Foch Intermediate School. On one occasion, when Betty, preceded by an escort, arrived at the premiere of Lets Dance, her mother, arriving with her, quipped. Hutton sang in local bands as a teenager, and at one point visited New York City hoping to perform on Broadway. A few years later, she was scouted by orchestra leader Vincent Lopez, in 1939, she appeared in several musical shorts for Warner Bros. and appeared in a supporting role on Broadway in Panama Hattie and Two for the Show, both produced by Buddy DeSylva. When DeSylva became a producer at Paramount Pictures, Hutton was signed to a role in The Fleets In. Hutton was an instant hit with the movie-going public, Paramount did not immediately promote her to major stardom, however, but did give her second leads in a Mary Martin film musical, Star Spangled Rhythm, and another Lamour film. In 1943, she was given co-star billing with Bob Hope in Lets Face It and this film, The Miracle of Morgans Creek, was delayed by Hays Office objections and Sturges prolific output and was finally released early in 1944. The New York Times named it as one of the 10 Best Films of 1942-1944, critic James Agee noted that the Hays office must have been raped in its sleep to allow the film to be released. On the strength of its success, she signed a contract with the newly formed Capitol Records. Marshall also directed Hutton in the hugely popular The Perils of Pauline in 1947 and she was billed above Fred Astaire in the 1950 musical Lets Dance. Her next screen triumph came in Annie Get Your Gun for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, the film, with the leading role retooled for Hutton, was a smash hit, with the biggest critical praise going to Hutton. Among her lesser-known roles were a cameo in Sailor Beware with Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis, in which she portrayed Deans girlfriend. Altogether, Hutton made 19 films from 1942 to 1952 and her career as a Hollywood star ended due to a contract dispute with Paramount following the Oscar-winning The Greatest Show on Earth and Somebody Loves Me, a biography of singer Blossom Seeley
Betty Hutton
–
Hutton in 1944
Betty Hutton
–
Hutton in the trailer for
Annie Get Your Gun (1950)
Betty Hutton
–
With American sailors and Marines in the
Marshall Islands in December 1944
Betty Hutton
–
Betty Hutton's headstone at
Desert Memorial Park in
Cathedral City, California. Her epitaph reads "Loved by All".
30.
Queen of the Night (song)
–
Queen of the Night is a song co-written and performed by American pop/R&B singer Whitney Houston. It was the fifth and final single released from her multi-platinum soundtrack The Bodyguard, Queen of the Night is an uptempo pop rock/dance number, with Houston expressing how she rules the club scene, proclaiming herself queen of the night. It was not released as a single in America, but it received substantial radio play that it rose to number 36 on the Hot 100 Airplay. However, because of Billboard magazine rules at the time, a song with no commercial single available could not chart on the main Billboard Hot 100, the song reached number 1 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart, becoming Houstons fifth number 1 dance single. It was released in other countries, peaking at number 14 in the UK. The music video for Queen of the Night is the full performance Houston gives in the motion picture The Bodyguard, in the film, the performance is interrupted by violence. The New York Timess Stephen Holden gave a review, Only Queen of the Night. A positive review came from AllMusic, which called it an urban pop song that skillfully captures Houston at her best. Popdose compared its production to Janet Jacksons Black Cat. A, USA Today writer James T. Jones IV. called this song a surprise, rocking tune. This song was covered during Australian singer Delta Goodrems Believe Again Tour at various locations throughout Australia in 2009, the 2009 X Factor contestants also performed this song on Sunday, October 18,2009 as a group performance. Contestant Stacey Solomon, who came third, performed song on The X Factor Live Tour 2010. The independent, web-based, electronic/dubstep artist known as Futret released a remix/crossover-cover of the song in early February 2012, the song is also mentioned in the show Bobs Burgers, the episode O. T. The Outside Toilet in which the character Gene talks to a talking toilet. Gene asks Who is the queen of the night, and the toilet responds saying Whitney Houston. The song was covered by Monika Linkytė in week two of Eurovizijos dainų konkurso nacionalinė atranka, madame Tussauds Hollywoods wax figure of Houston depicts her performance of the title song in the bodyguard Queen of the Night at Discogs
Queen of the Night (song)
–
"Queen of the Night"
31.
Uninvited (song)
–
After the release of her breakthrough album Jagged Little Pill Morissette was considered one of the biggest music stars, and many fans anxiously awaited a follow-up album. Morissette wrote the song, whilst the production was handled by Morissette herself, Uninvited is driven by four piano notes and builds to an instrumental climax, and haunting atmosphere accompanied by cryptic lyrics. After the massive success of her breakthrough album Jagged Little Pill, Morissette was considered one of the biggest music stars in the world, Uninvited, was released to U. S. radio in March and was still receiving substantial radio airplay by the following August. An internet and radio leak of Uninvited in early March forced Warner Bros. to release the soundtrack to radio before it became available in stores. According to a publicity manager for Warner Music Canada, the measure was an inconvenience taken to radio stations from playing low-quality versions of the song downloaded from the internet. Following the songs leak, The Recording Industry Association of America took down several websites featuring the song “Uninvited. ”The song was due for release until March 31, but was leaked to radio on March 6. “Newsbytes, ” a computer industry news service, reported that fans in L. A. hearing the song on KROQ, taped the track. Several sites were involved, according to “Newsbytes, ” including ones based in Los Angeles, London, the unauthorized material was removed, and in several cases, the whole site was shut down. The action was part of a campaign by the RIAA to stop unauthorized reproductions of recordings on the Internet, Uninvited is a moody song that contains an indelible melody and haunting atmosphere accompanied by cryptic lyrics. It received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Original Song - Motion Picture, although never officially released as a single to retail outlets, it became a hit for Morissette. Uninvited was Morissettes fourth number-one single on the U. S. Billboard Top 40 Mainstream chart and it reached the top five on the Adult Top 40, Uninvited was a commercial success selling 7 million copies worldwide. Uninvited was not included on album, Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie, but a demo version was included on the Australian release. An acoustic revision of the song Uninvited was released on 27 August 2002 from the Music in High Places DVD Alanis Morissette - Live in the Navajo Nation, the song was covered by the band Westworld on their 2002 album Skin. Theirs was a heavier version with heavy metal influences. Halfway through the song, Bruno Ravel and Mark Reale join in, Gregorian performed a Gregorian chant inspired version on their 2004 album The Dark Side. In October 2007 the Freemasons remixed the song as a music track which entered the UK singles chart at number 8. The song was covered by the Finnish gothic metal band Silentium, in March 2014, Daniel Evans, a finalist on season 5 of the X Factor released a dark alternative version on his website. In 2015, Lea Michele covered this song as her character Rachel Berry on the TV series Glee in the episode Loser Like Me and this performance of Uninvited was not included in the original Storytellers broadcast in 1999
Uninvited (song)
–
Promotional single
Uninvited (song)
–
"Uninvited"
32.
Whitney Houston
–
Whitney Elizabeth Houston was an American singer, actress, producer, and model. In 2009, Guinness World Records cited her as the most awarded female act of all time, Houston is one of pop musics best-selling music artists of all-time, with an estimated 170–200 million records sold worldwide. She released seven albums and two soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum or gold certification. Houston is the only artist to chart seven consecutive No.1 Billboard Hot 100 hits and she is the second artist behind Elton John and the only woman to have two number-one Billboard 200 Album awards on the Billboard magazine year-end charts. Houstons debut album, Whitney Houston, became the debut album by a woman in history. Rolling Stone named it the best album of 1986, and ranked it at number 254 on the magazines list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. Her second studio album, Whitney, became the first album by a woman to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart, Houstons first acting role was as the star of the feature film The Bodyguard. The films original soundtrack won the 1994 Grammy Award for Album of the Year and its lead single, I Will Always Love You, won the Grammy Award for Record of the Year and became the best-selling single by a woman in music history. With the album, Houston became the first act to sell more than a million copies of an album within a week period under Nielsen SoundScan system. The album makes her the top female act in the top 10 list of the albums of all time. Houston continued to star in movies and contribute to their soundtracks, including the films Waiting to Exhale, the Preachers Wife soundtrack became the best-selling gospel album in history. On February 11,2012, Houston was found dead in her guest room at the Beverly Hilton, in Beverly Hills, the official coroners report showed that she had accidentally drowned in the bathtub, with heart disease and cocaine use listed as contributing factors. News of her death coincided with the 2012 Grammy Awards and featured prominently in American, Whitney Houston was born on August 9,1963 in what was then a middle-income neighborhood in Newark, New Jersey. She was the daughter of Army serviceman and entertainment executive John Russell Houston, Jr. and her elder brother Michael is a singer, and her elder half-brother is former basketball player Gary Garland. Her parents were both African American, through her mother, Houston was a first cousin of singers Dionne Warwick and Dee Dee Warwick. Her godmother was Darlene Love and her aunt was Aretha Franklin. Houston was raised a Baptist, but was exposed to the Pentecostal church. After the 1967 Newark riots, the moved to a middle-class area in East Orange, New Jersey
Whitney Houston
–
Houston performing at
Welcome Home Heroes with Whitney Houston in 1991
Whitney Houston
–
New Hope Baptist Church
Whitney Houston
–
Houston performing "
Saving All My Love for You " on the Welcome Home Heroes concert in 1991
Whitney Houston
–
Houston performing "
My Love Is Your Love " with her daughter
Bobbi Kristina Brown on
Good Morning America, September 1, 2009
33.
Stop! (Sam Brown song)
–
Stop. is a song by the English female singer-songwriter Sam Brown, written by Brown, Gregg Sutton, and Bruce Brody. It appears on her album of the same name. Only reached number 42 in the UK charts when it was first released, the follow-up single from the same album This Feeling, faired even worse peaking at 91. However, Stop. was re-released in 1989 and reached number 4, becoming Browns biggest hit to date and it was also subsequently a hit in eleven other countries and was responsible for bringing Brown to greater public attention. Additionally, it was the 35th best-selling single of 1989 in the UK, the song was featured in the soundtrack of the 1992 film Bitter Moon. Credits are adapted from the liner notes. She is regarded as the best cover of song, even not losing to Sam Brown. In 1999, Edyta began a tour through Poland and released internationally the concert album Live 99 in September 1999, Stop. was recorded in this live album. Live 99 is the first Live album by polish singer Edyta Górniak, Jamelia covered the song after the makers of the 2004 film Bridget Jones, The Edge of Reason approached her to record it to illustrate an integral part of the film. Jamelia instantly accepted the offer and explained how much she was a fan of the character and her cover version was met with critical acclaim, especially for her vocal performance on the track. The exclamation mark at the end of the title was dropped for the Jamelia release, the single also became her fourth consecutive top forty hit in Australia, peaking at number thirty-seven there. The formats of DJ and Stop received a staggered release, on 1 November 2004 the two-track CD one was released along with the DJ CD release. Due to time constraints, the Stop music video could not be added in time to make the 1 November release date and this was also the first DVD single release from Jamelia. It is rumoured that the DVD single was released because the DJ video was not finished in time to be added to the Thank You – Live DVD release, the single release also contained a cover of Wham. s Last Christmas. It was covered by Four Of Diamonds in the six chair challenge on The X Factor 2016, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
Stop! (Sam Brown song)
–
"Stop!"
Stop! (Sam Brown song)
–
"Stop"
34.
Talk Talk
–
Talk Talk were an English new wave band, active from 1981 until their breakup in 1992. Their early hit singles include Today, Talk Talk, Its My Life, although the band only experienced moderate success in their native country, they established some international success. Talk Talk moved away from synthpop towards more experimental music in the mid-1980s, friction with the bands label, EMI, resulted in legal action and countersuing. The band switched to Polydor for their album, 1991s Laughing Stock. Singer Mark Hollis released one album in 1998 before retiring from the music industry. Founding bass player and drummer Paul Webb and Lee Harris played in bands together, de facto fourth member Tim Friese-Greene continued in the business as a musician. Talk Talk began as a quartet consisting of Mark Hollis formerly from The Reaction, Lee Harris, Paul Webb, in their early years they were often compared with Duran Duran. In addition to a name consisting of a repeated word. The band also supported Duran Duran on tour in late 1981, the band released their first single, Mirror Man, on EMI in February 1982. The single was not a success, but was quickly followed by their self-titled single in April 1982 which reached No.52 in the UK. The bands first album, titled The Partys Over, was released in July 1982, the band had their first UK Top 40 hits with the singles Today and a re-release of Talk Talk. These singles also were hits in countries including Ireland, South Africa, Australia. The re-release of the Talk Talk single reached the U. S, the album was produced by Colin Thurston, who was Duran Durans in-house EMI producer at the time, but picked by Hollis because of his involvement with David Bowies Heroes. It was a success in the UK reaching No.21. It was a Top 10 hit in New Zealand and they were introduced to a much wider live audience in October 1982 when they supported Genesis at their reunion concert with original lead singer Peter Gabriel at Milton Keynes Bowl, England. Brenner left after the 1983 non-LP hit single My Foolish Friend, at this point, Talk Talk was now a trio, as Brenner was never officially replaced. Although a major contributor to the bands output, Friese-Greene did not regularly play with the touring band. The accompanying single Such a Shame became a Top 10 hit in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands and Switzerland during this period
Talk Talk
–
(L-R) Hollis, Webb, Harris. 1988
35.
Sam Brown (singer)
–
Samantha Brown is an English female singer-songwriter, composer, multi-instrumentalist, arranger and record producer. In a music career spanning more than 30 years, Brown is a ukulele player. Brown came to prominence in the late 1980s as a solo artist and her solo singles, sometimes dealing with lost love included Stop. This Feeling, Can I Get a Witness, Kissing Gate, With a Little Love, Brown released her debut album Stop. in 1988. Since then, she has released five albums, one EP. She has married once and is the mother of two children, samantha Brown was born on 7 October 1964, in Stratford, east London, England. She is the daughter of musician Joe Brown and session singer Vicki Brown, Browns first work in the music industry was in 1978 at the age of 14, when she sang backing vocals on the final studio album by the Small Faces,78 in the Shade. She also worked as a backing vocalist with several bands, including Spandau Ballet. Brown signed a contract with A&M in 1986. Her most successful song with A&M was Stop, released as a single in 1988. She issued an album of the name that same year. Other singles taken from the album included Walking Back to Me, This Feeling, the album Stop. has sold over two and a half million copies worldwide, doing particularly well in the UK and Australia. Browns second studio album, April Moon, included two hit singles, Kissing Gate and With a Little Love, three further singles were released from the album, Mindworks, Once in Your Life and As One. Browns third studio album,43 Minutes. was made around the time that her mother was dying from breast cancer. A&M, Browns record label at the time were not satisfied with the album, few copies were initially released, although it was re-issued in 2004. Brown provided backing vocals for Pink Floyd on their studio album, The Division Bell, released in 1994. Her involvement was documented on the following years Pink Floyd release, Pulse, in 1995, she had a minor chart hit with a duet with fellow singer-songwriter Fish, entitled Just Good Friends. In 1997, Brown returned with her studio album Box
Sam Brown (singer)
–
Sam Brown (with
Gilson Lavis) performing in 2006 with
Jools Holland's Rhythm and Blues Orchestra
36.
Allmusic
–
AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
Allmusic
–
AllMusic's
logotype and logo (since July 2013)
37.
Rock music
–
It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
Rock music
–
Red Hot Chili Peppers in 2006, showing a quartet lineup for a rock band (from left to right: bassist, lead vocalist, drummer, and guitarist).
Rock music
–
Elvis Presley in a promotion shot for
Jailhouse Rock in 1957
Rock music
–
Chubby Checker in 2005
Rock music
–
The Beach Boys performing in 1964
38.
Rhythm and blues
–
Rhythm and blues, often abbreviated as R&B or RnB, is a genre of popular African-American music that originated in the 1940s. In the commercial rhythm and blues music typical of the 1950s through the 1970s, R&B lyrical themes often encapsulate the African-American experience of pain and the quest for freedom and joy. Lyrics focus heavily on the themes of triumphs and failures in terms of relationships, freedom, economics, aspirations, the term rhythm and blues has undergone a number of shifts in meaning. In the early 1950s it was applied to blues records. This tangent of RnB is now known as British rhythm and blues, by the 1970s, the term rhythm and blues changed again and was used as a blanket term for soul and funk. In the 1980s, a style of R&B developed, becoming known as Contemporary R&B. It combines elements of rhythm and blues, soul, funk, pop, hip hop, popular R&B vocalists at the end of the 20th century included Michael Jackson, R. Kelly, Stevie Wonder, Whitney Houston, and Mariah Carey. Although Jerry Wexler of Billboard magazine is credited with coining the term rhythm and blues as a term in the United States in 1948. It replaced the term race music, which came from within the black community. The term rhythm and blues was used by Billboard in its chart listings from June 1949 until August 1969, before the Rhythm and Blues name was instated, various record companies had already begun replacing the term race music with sepia series. In 2010 LaMont Robinson founded the Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame Museum, writer and producer Robert Palmer defined rhythm & blues as a catchall term referring to any music that was made by and for black Americans. He has used the term R&B as a synonym for jump blues, however, AllMusic separates it from jump blues because of its stronger, gospel-esque backbeat. Lawrence Cohn, author of Nothing but the Blues, writes that rhythm, according to him, the term embraced all black music except classical music and religious music, unless a gospel song sold enough to break into the charts. Well into the 21st century, the term R&B continues in use to music made by black musicians. In the commercial rhythm and blues music typical of the 1950s through the 1970s, arrangements were rehearsed to the point of effortlessness and were sometimes accompanied by background vocalists. Simple repetitive parts mesh, creating momentum and rhythmic interplay producing mellow, lilting, while singers are emotionally engaged with the lyrics, often intensely so, they remain cool, relaxed, and in control. The bands dressed in suits, and even uniforms, an associated with the modern popular music that rhythm. Lyrics often seemed fatalistic, and the music typically followed predictable patterns of chords, there was also increasing emphasis on the electric guitar as a lead instrument, as well as the piano and saxophone
Rhythm and blues
–
T-Bone Walker, American Folk Blues Festival 1972 (Heinrich Klaffs Collection 46)
Rhythm and blues
–
Louis Jordan, New York, N.Y., ca. July 1946 (William P. Gottlieb 04721).
Rhythm and blues
–
Big Joe Turner, Hamburg 1974 (Heinrich Klaffs Collection 86)
Rhythm and blues
–
The habanera rhythm shown as tresillo (lower notes) with the backbeat (upper note).
39.
Single (music)
–
In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
Single (music)
–
45
rpm single record
40.
Music video
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A music video is a short film integrating a song and imagery, produced for promotional or artistic purposes. Modern music videos are made and used as a marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings. There are also cases where songs are used in tie in marketing campaigns that allow them to more than just a song. Tie ins and merchandising could be used in toys or marketing campaigns for food, although the origins of music videos date back to musical short films that first appeared in the 1920s, they came into prominence in the 1980s when MTV based their format around the medium. Prior to the 1980s, these works were described by terms including illustrated song, filmed insert, promotional film, promotional clip, promotional video, song video. Music videos use a range of styles of contemporary videomaking techniques, including animation, live action filming, documentaries. Some music videos blend different styles, such as animation, music, combining these styles and techniques has become more popular because of the variation it presents to the audience. Many music videos interpret images and scenes from the songs lyrics, other music videos may be without a set concept, being merely a filmed version of the songs live performance. Product placement is a technique in music videos, exemplified by the appearance of the Beats Pill in numerous hip hop videos. In 1894, sheet music publishers Edward B, marks and Joe Stern hired electrician George Thomas and various performers to promote sales of their song The Little Lost Child. Using a magic lantern, Thomas projected a series of images on a screen simultaneous to live performances. This would become a form of entertainment known as the illustrated song. In 1926, with the arrival of many musical short films were produced. Vitaphone shorts featured many bands, vocalists and dancers, early 1930s cartoons featured popular musicians performing their hit songs on-camera in live-action segments during the cartoons. The early animated films by Walt Disney, such as the Silly Symphonies shorts and especially Fantasia, the Warner Brothers cartoons, even today billed as Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies, were initially fashioned around specific songs from upcoming Warner Brothers musical films. Live action musical shorts, featuring such performers as Cab Calloway, were also distributed to theaters. Blues singer Bessie Smith appeared in a short film called St. Louis Blues featuring a dramatized performance of the hit song. Numerous other musicians appeared in short musical subjects during this period, soundies, produced and released from 1940 to 1947, were musical films that often included short dance sequences, similar to later music videos
Music video
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Musicals of the 1950s led to short-form music videos
Music video
Music video
–
The Beatles in Help!
Music video
–
Michael Jackson in
Thriller.
41.
Spellemannprisen
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Spellemannprisen, often referred to as the Norwegian Grammy Awards in English, is a Norwegian music award presented to Norwegian musicians. The award was established by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, first awarded in 1973, the prize honours musicians from the previous year, it is still awarded annually. The Spellemann committee, composed of members of IFPI Norway and FONO, manages the award, twenty-one categories are currently awarded and the committee may award additional honorary and industry awards. The awards are held in January or February. Spellemannprisen is often dubbed as the Norwegian Grammy Awards, separate juries convene for each category. Members are confidential from both the public and the other juries. The juries score each nominee separately, then convene to deliberate until there is a winner, usually, three nominees are presented to the jury. The Spellemanns committee nominates three categories, Newcomer of the Year, Fiddler of the Year and Hit Artist, a nomination jury nominates the rest of the videos, which are then presented to the juries. Starting in 2007, the winner of the Newcomer of the Year Award takes home a prize on 200000 kroner, the scholarship is awarded by Gramo, a Norwegian music industry funding agency. As of 2014, sixteen artists have won the more than five times. Leif Ove Andsnes has the most wins with 10 awards, yet no one has won more than one award in a single year, in 2011, the live award show returned to NRK for the first time since 2001, and remained on the same channel afterwards. From 2002 to 2010, the show was broadcast on TV2
Spellemannprisen
–
Erik Bye was awarded the first Spellemannprisen for best male artist in 1972.
Spellemannprisen
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Ketil Bjørnstad was awarded Spellemannprisen 1974 in the class instrumental album.
Spellemannprisen
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Jan Garbarek was awarded the special Spellemannpris 1978.
Spellemannprisen
–
Dirigent
Mariss Jansons was awarded in the classcal musikk/contemporary music, as a conductor for
Oslo Philharmonic in 1981.
42.
Daft Punk
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Daft Punk are a French electronic music duo formed in 1993 by Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo and Thomas Bangalter. The duo were managed from 1996 to 2008 by Pedro Winter, the duo released their debut studio album Homework through Virgin Records in 1997 to highly positive reviews. The duos next album Discovery was even more successful, driven by the release of the hit singles One More Time, Digital Love, in March 2005, the duo released their third album Human After All to mixed reviews. However, the singles Robot Rock and Technologic achieved considerable success in the United Kingdom, Daft Punk toured throughout 2006 and 2007 and released the live album Alive 2007, which won a Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album. The duo later composed the score for the Disney film Tron, Legacy in 2010, in January 2013, Daft Punk left Virgin for Columbia Records, and released their next album Random Access Memories in 2013 to worldwide critical acclaim. The albums lead single Get Lucky became a success, peaking on top 10 charts in 32 countries. Random Access Memories won five Grammy Awards in 2014, including Album of the Year, Daft Punk later gained their first number one on the Billboard Hot 100 with the song Starboy, a collaboration with The Weeknd. Thomas Bangalter and Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo met in 1987 while attending the Lycée Carnot, the two became good friends and later recorded demo tracks with others from the school. This eventually led to the formation of the group called Darlin with Laurent Brancowitz in 1992. Bangalter and de Homem-Christo played bass and guitar, respectively, while Brancowitz performed on drums, the trio had branded themselves after The Beach Boys song of the same name, which they covered along with an original composition. Stereolab released both tracks on a multi-artist Duophonic Records EP and invited the band to open for stage shows in the United Kingdom, Bangalter felt that The rock n roll thing we did was pretty average, I think. It was so brief, maybe six months, four songs, a negative review in Melody Maker by Dave Jennings subsequently dubbed the music a daft punky thrash. Instead of dismissing the review, they found it amusing, as de Homem-Christo stated, We struggled so long to find Darlin, and this happened so quickly. Darlin soon disbanded, leaving Brancowitz to pursue other efforts with Phoenix, Bangalter and de Homem-Christo formed Daft Punk and experimented with drum machines and synthesisers. In September 1993, Daft Punk attended a rave at EuroDisney, the demo tape given to Macmillan at the rave formed the basis for Daft Punks debut single, The New Wave, a limited release in 1994. The single also contained the final mix of The New Wave called Alive, Daft Punk returned to the studio in May 1995 to record Da Funk. It became the duos first commercially successful single the same year, after the success of Da Funk, Daft Punk looked to find a manager. The duo eventually settled on Pedro Winter, who promoted them
Daft Punk
–
Daft Punk at the premiere of
Tron: Legacy in 2010. From left:
Thomas Bangalter,
Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo
Daft Punk
–
Muzik magazine cover feature in February 1997
Daft Punk
–
Daft Punk performing in
Berkeley, California on 27 July 2007
Daft Punk
–
Daft Punk in
DJ Hero
43.
The Knife
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The Knife was a Swedish electronic music duo from Gothenburg formed in 1999. The group consisted of siblings Karin Dreijer Andersson and Olof Dreijer, the group gained a large international following in response to their 2003 album Deep Cuts. The duos first tour took place in 2006, along with the release of their acclaimed album Silent Shout. They have won a number of Swedish Grammis, but refuse to attend awards ceremonies and they have appeared in public wearing Venetian masks. Andersson released an album under the name Fever Ray in 2009, while Olof Dreijer released several EPs as Oni Ayhun in late 2009. The Knife disbanded in November 2014 after releasing their acclaimed 2013 album Shaking the Habitual, the cover was used by Sony in a commercial for BRAVIA television sets, and released as a single in 2006. The group commented on this in a Dagens Nyheter article, claiming that Sony paid a sum of money to use the song. Despite the groups anti-commercial views, they justified the transaction by citing their need for money to establish a record company, having never before performed live, The Knife went on tour in 2006, and after selling out shows worldwide, a DVD of the tour was announced. The DVD was released in Sweden on 8 November 2006, and is titled Silent Shout, on 4 August 2009, the band announced that, in collaboration with Mt. Sims and Planningtorock, they would be writing an opera for the Danish performance group Hotel Pro Forma. The opera, titled Tomorrow, In a Year, is based on Charles Darwins On the Origin of Species, in January 2010, the band announced that they would release a studio version on 1 March. In a September 2010 post on the official Fever Ray website, Karin stated that she and Olof have started playing together again, hinting that new material may be on the way. On 18 April 2011, as part of a post on their website concerning discrimination against Romani people in Europe, in December 2012, it was confirmed that their next album would be titled Shaking the Habitual and would be released on 8 April 2013. The duo posted a trailer for the album on their YouTube account with the message. We asked our friends and lovers to help us, the album was supported by tour dates in Europe in 2013. Full of Fire was released as the lead single on 28 January 2013, for which a short film was directed by Stockholm and Berlin-based filmmaker. After announcing their plans to play at Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in April 2014, on 21 August 2014, The Knife announced that the duo would disband following the final six dates of their Shaking the Habitual Show Tour from 31 October to 8 November 2014. In the duos final interview, Karin told Dazed, We dont have any obligations to continue, it should only and always be for fun. The Knife played their show, entitled Post-Colonial Gender Politics Come First, Music Comes Second, on November 8,2014 at the Iceland Airwaves Festival in Reykjavik
The Knife
–
The Knife performing at Melt! Festival 2013
44.
Dance-pop
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Dance-pop is a pop and dance subgenre that originated in the early 1980s. It is generally up-tempo music intended for nightclubs with the intention of being danceable, the genre, on the whole, tends to be producer-driven, despite some notable exceptions. Dance-pop borrowed influences from other genres, which varied by producer, artist, such include contemporary R&B, house, trance, techno, new jack swing, funk, synthpop, electropop and some forms of europop. Dance-pop is a mainstream style of music and there have been numerous pop artists. As the term started to go out of fashion by the late 1970s to early 1980s, other terms were commonly used to describe disco-based music, such as post-disco, club. Dance-pop music emerged in the 1980s as a combination of dance and pop, or post-disco, Dance-pop music was usually created, composed and produced by record producers who would then hire singers to perform the songs. In the beginning of the 80s disco was an anathema to the mainstream pop, according to prominent Allmusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine, Madonna had a huge role in popularizing dance music as mainstream music, utilizing her charisma, chutzpah and sex appeal. Erlewine claimed that Madonna launched dance-pop and set the standard for the genre for the two decades. The staff of Vice magazine stated that her debut album drew the blueprint for future dance-pop, in the 1980s dance-pop was closely aligned to other up-tempo electronic genres, such as Hi-NRG. Prominent producers in the 1980s included Stock, Aitken and Waterman, during the decade, dance-pop borrowed influences from funk, new jack swing, and contemporary R&B. Other prominent dance-pop artists and groups of the 1980s included the Pet Shop Boys, Mel and Kim, Samantha Fox, Debbie Gibson, by the 1990s, dance-pop had become a major genre in popular music. Several dance-pop groups and artists emerged during the 1990s, such as the Spice Girls, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Jessica Simpson, Backstreet Boys, during the early 1990s, dance-pop borrowed influences from house music, as well as contemporary R&B and new jack swing. Additionally, also in 1998, Cher released a song called Believe which made usage of a technological innovation of the time. An audio processor and a form of pitch modification software, Auto-Tune is commonly used as a way to correct pitch, since the late 1990s, the use of Auto-Tune processing has become a common feature of dance-pop music. Celine Dion also released a dance-pop song Thats the Way It Is by the end of 1999 and it has a moderately slow tempo but an up-beat song. At the beginning of the 2000s, dance-pop music was still prominent, nonetheless, as R&B and hip hop became extremely popular from the early part of the decade onwards, dance-pop often borrowed a lot of its influences from urban music. Dance-pop stars from the 1980s and 1990s such as Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Madonna, Janet Jackson, in Madonnas case, her album Music contained elements of Euro disco, especially the successful eponymous lead single. Britney Spears album Blackout contained influences of Euro disco, the mid-to-late 2000s saw the arrival of several new dance-pop artists, including Rihanna, Kesha, Lady Gaga and Katy Perry
Dance-pop
–
Kylie Minogue, a popular and successful dance-pop artist of the late-1980s, 1990s, 2000s and early-2010s.
Dance-pop
–
In Japan,
Momoiro Clover Z is famous for innovative dance performances.
45.
Lyrics
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Lyrics are words that make up a song usually consisting of verses and choruses. The writer of lyrics is a lyricist, the words to an extended musical composition such as an opera are, however, usually known as a libretto and their writer, as a librettist. The meaning of lyrics can either be explicit or implicit, some lyrics are abstract, almost unintelligible, and, in such cases, their explication emphasizes form, articulation, meter, and symmetry of expression. Rappers can also create lyrics with a variation of rhyming words or words that create, Lyric derives via Latin lyricus from the Greek λυρικός, the adjectival form of lyre. It first appeared in English in the century in reference, to the Earl of Surreys translations of Petrarch. Stainer and Barrett used the word as a substantive, Lyric, poetry or blank verse intended to be set to music. By the 1930s, the present use of the plurale tantum lyrics had begun, the singular form lyric still appears, its present use, however, is to refer to a specific phrase within a songs lyrics. The differences between poem and song may become less meaningful where verse is set to music, to the point that any distinction becomes untenable and this is perhaps recognised in the way popular songs have lyrics. However, the verse may pre-date its tune, or the tune may be lost over time but the words survive, nursery rhymes may be songs, or doggerel, the term doesnt imply a distinction. The ghazal is a form that is considered primarily poetic. See also rapping, roots of hip hop music, analogously, verse drama might normally be judged as poetry, but not consisting of poems. In Baroque music, melodies and their lyrics where prose, rather than paired lines they consist of rhetorical sentences or paragraphs consisting of an opening gesture, an amplification, and a close, in German Vordersatz-Fortspinnung-Epilog. For example, When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child, But when I became a man, I put away childish things. -1 Corinthians 13,11 In the lyrics of music a shifter is a word, often a pronoun, where reference varies according to who is speaking, when. For example, who is the my of My Generation, see Royalties Currently, there are many websites featuring song lyrics. This offering, however, is controversial, since some sites include copyrighted lyrics offered without the holders permission, music Publishers Association, which represents sheet music companies, launched a legal campaign against such websites in December 2005. The MPAs president, Lauren Keiser, said the free lyrics web sites are completely illegal, Lyrics licenses could be obtained worldwide through one of the two aggregators, LyricFind and Musixmatch. The first company to provide licensed lyrics was Yahoo, quickly followed by MetroLyrics and Lyrics. com
Lyrics
–
A
lyrist on the
Standard of Ur, c. 2500 BC.
46.
Radio
–
When radio waves strike an electrical conductor, the oscillating fields induce an alternating current in the conductor. The information in the waves can be extracted and transformed back into its original form, Radio systems need a transmitter to modulate some property of the energy produced to impress a signal on it, for example using amplitude modulation or angle modulation. Radio systems also need an antenna to convert electric currents into radio waves, an antenna can be used for both transmitting and receiving. The electrical resonance of tuned circuits in radios allow individual stations to be selected, the electromagnetic wave is intercepted by a tuned receiving antenna. Radio frequencies occupy the range from a 3 kHz to 300 GHz, a radio communication system sends signals by radio. The term radio is derived from the Latin word radius, meaning spoke of a wheel, beam of light, however, this invention would not be widely adopted. The switch to radio in place of wireless took place slowly and unevenly in the English-speaking world, the United States Navy would also play a role. Although its translation of the 1906 Berlin Convention used the terms wireless telegraph and wireless telegram, the term started to become preferred by the general public in the 1920s with the introduction of broadcasting. Radio systems used for communication have the following elements, with more than 100 years of development, each process is implemented by a wide range of methods, specialised for different communications purposes. Each system contains a transmitter, This consists of a source of electrical energy, the transmitter contains a system to modulate some property of the energy produced to impress a signal on it. This modulation might be as simple as turning the energy on and off, or altering more subtle such as amplitude, frequency, phase. Amplitude modulation of a carrier wave works by varying the strength of the signal in proportion to the information being sent. For example, changes in the strength can be used to reflect the sounds to be reproduced by a speaker. It was the used for the first audio radio transmissions. Frequency modulation varies the frequency of the carrier, the instantaneous frequency of the carrier is directly proportional to the instantaneous value of the input signal. FM has the capture effect whereby a receiver only receives the strongest signal, Digital data can be sent by shifting the carriers frequency among a set of discrete values, a technique known as frequency-shift keying. FM is commonly used at Very high frequency radio frequencies for high-fidelity broadcasts of music, analog TV sound is also broadcast using FM. Angle modulation alters the phase of the carrier wave to transmit a signal
Radio
–
The
Alexandra Palace radio transmitter mast
Radio
–
Classic radio
receiver dial
Radio
–
Rooftop
television antennas.
Yagi-Uda antennas like these six are widely used at
VHF and
UHF frequencies.
Radio
–
Bakelite radio at the Bakelite Museum, Orchard Mill, Williton, Somerset, UK.
47.
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
–
NRK is the Norwegian government-owned radio and television public broadcasting company, and the largest media organisation in Norway. NRK broadcasts three national TV channels and three radio channels on DVB-T, cable, satellite, IPTV, FM and DAB. It also runs several digital radio stations, all NRK radio stations can be heard on the website, NRK. no, which also offers an extensive TV service. NRK is a member of the European Broadcasting Union. 94% of NRKs funding comes from an annual license fee payable by anyone who owns or uses a TV or device capable of receiving TV broadcasts. The remainder comes from commercial activities such as programme and DVD sales, spin-off products, NRKs license income in 2012 was more than 5 billion kroner. In the autumn of 2015 the government announced that it planned to change the way NRK is financed and this is in part a reaction to the decline of TV ownership in Norway. Some kind of charge is planned, but it is not yet clear how such a system would work. The feeling is that the current license system is not sustainable in the long term, kringkastningselskapet, a privately owned company and the predecessor of NRK, started regular radio broadcasts in Norway in 1925. NRK itself was founded in 1933, based on a model similar to that of the BBC and located in Oslo, it was a replacement for privately operated radio stations in larger cities. NRK initially set out to cover the country and had a monopoly on broadcasting in Norway. During the German occupation, Norwegian transmitters were used to broadcast German war propaganda to Northern Europe, prior to the German occupation, NRK had also been partly financed by radio commercials. NRK was one of 23 founding broadcasting organisations of the European Broadcasting Union, in 1954, NRK started broadcasting television shows, on a trial basis. NRK was the last of the major European public broadcasters to introduce a second radio station, in 1993 NRK launched a third radio station, the youth-oriented P3. A 24-hour station for classical music, Alltid Klassisk, introduced in 1995, was the first of its kind to be broadcast digitally using DAB. The 24-hour news station Alltid Nyheter started in 1997, followed by a station for teenagers, mP3, in 2000. In 1996, a television channel, NRK2, was launched. The original television channel is now known as NRK1, on 3 September 2007 NRK launched its third channel, a youth channel called NRK3
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
–
NRK television tower in
Trondheim
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
–
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation Norsk rikskringkasting
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
–
Broadcasting House, one of the main buildings at NRK headquarters at
Marienlyst,
Oslo
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
–
Entrance to
Television House, another building at NRK's headquarters
.jpg)
