Maria Amalia was duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla by marriage to Ferdinand I, Duke of Parma. She was born an archduchess of Austria as the daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis
Maria Amalia, probably by Martin van Meytens; 1760s
Maria Amalia aged ~4 (portrait by Martin van Meytens and workshop, c. 1750)
Maria Amalia and her husband, Ferdinand I
Maria Amalia as duchess of Parma on a portrait by Alexander Roslin
Louis I of Etruria
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Louis I was the first of the two kings of Etruria. Louis was the son of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma, and Maria Amalia of Austria. He was born in 1773, when his great-grandfather, King Louis XV of France,
Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma
…written to Maria Amalia. However, her conflicts with their mother put a strain on her relationship with her siblings. In 1778, her eldest son, Prince Louis, injured himself by banging his head into a marble table while playing with his sister. He recovered from a serious concussion, but after this, he…
Portrait by Goya, 1800
The Family of the King of Etruria
Tomb of Louis I in El Escorial