1.
Maricopa, Arizona
–
Maricopa is a city in the Gila River Valley in the State of Arizona. With an estimated 48,602 residents as of 2015, Maricopa is the second most populous incorporated city in Pinal County, Maricopa forms part of the Phoenix metropolitan area. Maricopa has had three locations over the years, Maricopa Wells, Maricopaville and Maricopa Junction, the latter became known as Maricopa. It started as an oasis around a series of watering holes eight miles north of present-day Maricopa, european-American traders and travelers called it Maricopa Wells. Several of Arizona’s rivers, the Gila, Santa Cruz, Vekol, during the late 1800s, Maricopa Wells was one of the most important relay stations along the San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line and the later more famous Butterfield Overland Mail Route. Although little remains of this once bustling community, it played an important part in the progress and it was one of the best-known spots in Arizona during this period of time because it had a reliable source of water, and offered an abundant supply of food. The peaceful Pima and Maricopa farmers who lived and farmed nearby sold supplies to travelers, the most prosperous period of time for Maricopa Wells was in the 1870s. During this time the center at the Wells provided water and food for not only the east-west travelers. Fairly good roads had been built by James A. Moore, the proprietor at Maricopa Wells, to all points north, Maricopaville developed south and west of the Wells, following construction of a railroad line from this terminus to Phoenix. With the railroad, Maricopaville took on the appearance of a gold rush California boom town, as men worked day and night building hotels, saloons, warehouses, restaurants, theaters, etc. One newspaper of the time reckoned that with its thousands of people and good location, but the railroad never built the anticipated line from Maricopaville into Phoenix. Tempe also wanted to be on the line and lobbied the territorial government to gain a stop. The first train departed from Maricopa for Phoenix on July 4,1887, all east-west rail travelers had to stop at Maricopa, and those who wanted to go north had to shift to the M & P Railroad. Maricopa was officially incorporated as a city on October 15,2003, between 2000 and 2010, the citys population grew from 1,040 residents to 43,482, an increase of 4080%. A part of the city is within the boundaries of the Ak-Chin Indian Community, in addition the tribe operates the Ak-Chin Regional Airport and an industrial park. A2011 study said that its casino and resort made up a part of the economy of Pinal County, in terms of number of jobs. Maricopa is located at 33°3′24″N 112°2′48″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 31.9 square miles, all of it land. The topography in Maricopa is flat with several mountain ranges 10 to 20 miles away, the elevation of Maricopa is 1190 feet
2.
County (United States)
–
In the United States, an administrative or political sub-division of a state is a county, which is a region having specific boundaries and usually some level of governmental authority. The term county is used in 48 U. S. states, while Louisiana and Alaska have functionally equivalent subdivisions called parishes, most counties have subdivisions which may include municipalities and unincorporated areas. Others have no divisions, or may serve as a singular consolidated city-county. Some municipalities are in multiple counties, New York City is uniquely partitioned into multiple counties/boroughs, the U. S. federal government uses the term county equivalent to describe non-county administrative or statistical areas that are comparable to counties. Alaskas Unorganized Borough is divided into 11 census areas that are equivalent to counties. As of 2013, the United States has 3,007 counties and 137 county equivalents for a total of 3,144 counties, the number of counties per state ranges from the 3 counties of Delaware to the 254 counties of Texas. Counties have significant governmental functions in all states except Rhode Island and Connecticut, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts has removed most government functions from eight of its 14 counties. The county with the largest population, Los Angeles County, counties were among the earliest units of local government established in the Thirteen Colonies that would become the United States. Virginia created the first counties in order to ease the workload in Jamestown. Americas oldest intact county court records can be found at Eastville, Virginia, in Northampton County, maryland established its first county, St. Marys, in 1637, and Massachusetts followed in 1643. When independence came, the framers of the Constitution did not provide for local governments, rather, they left the matter to the states. Subsequently, early state constitutions generally conceptualized county government as an arm of the state, in some states, these powers are partly or mostly devolved to the counties smaller divisions usually called townships, though in New York, New England and Wisconsin they are called towns. The county may or may not be able to override its townships on certain matters, the newest county in the United States is the city and county of Broomfield, Colorado, established in 2001 as a consolidated city-county. The newest county-equivalents are the Alaskan boroughs of Skagway established in 2007, Wrangell established in 2008, there are 40 consolidated city-counties in the U. S. Similarly, some of Alaskas boroughs have merged with their principal cities creating unified city-boroughs. Some such consolidations and mergers have created cities that rank among the geographically largest cities in the world, see also, #County names, regarding Louisiana. Independent cities, These are cities that legally belong to no county, Washington, D. C. outside the jurisdiction of any state, has a special status. The city of Washington comprises the entirety of the District of Columbia, when founded in 1801, the District consisted of two counties and three cities. In 1846, Alexandria County – including the then–City of Alexandria – was given back to Virginia, in 1871, the three remaining entities – the City of Washington, Georgetown City, and Washington County – were merged into a consolidated government by an act of Congress
3.
Arizona
–
Arizona is a state in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the Western United States and the Mountain West states and it is the sixth largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix, Arizona is one of the Four Corners states. It has borders with New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, California, and Mexico, Arizonas border with Mexico is 389 miles long, on the northern border of the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California. Arizona is the 48th state and last of the states to be admitted to the Union. Historically part of the territory of Alta California in New Spain, after being defeated in the Mexican–American War, Mexico ceded much of this territory to the United States in 1848. The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase, Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate, with very hot summers and mild winters. There are ski resorts in the areas of Flagstaff, Alpine, in addition to the Grand Canyon National Park, there are several national forests, national parks, and national monuments. To the European settlers, their pronunciation sounded like Arissona, the area is still known as alĭ ṣonak in the Oodham language. Another possible origin is the Basque phrase haritz ona, as there were numerous Basque sheepherders in the area, There is a misconception that the states name originated from the Spanish term Árida Zona. See also lists of counties, islands, rivers, lakes, state parks, national parks, Arizona is in the Southwestern United States as one of the Four Corners states. Arizona is the sixth largest state by area, ranked after New Mexico, of the states 113,998 square miles, approximately 15% is privately owned. The remaining area is public forest and park land, state trust land, Arizona is well known for its desert Basin and Range region in the states southern portions, which is rich in a landscape of xerophyte plants such as the cactus. This regions topography was shaped by volcanism, followed by the cooling-off. Its climate has hot summers and mild winters. The state is well known for its pine-covered north-central portion of the high country of the Colorado Plateau. Like other states of the Southwest United States, Arizona has an abundance of mountains, despite the states aridity, 27% of Arizona is forest, a percentage comparable to modern-day France or Germany. The worlds largest stand of pine trees is in Arizona
4.
United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
5.
County seat
–
A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or civil parish. The term is used in the United States, Canada, Romania, China, in the United Kingdom and Ireland, county towns have a similar function. In the United States, counties are the subdivisions of a state. Depending on the state, counties may provide services to the public, impose taxes. Some types of subdivisions, such as townships, may be incorporated or unincorporated. The city, town, or populated place that houses county government is known as the seat of its respective county, a county seat is usually, but not always, an incorporated municipality. The exceptions include the county seats of counties that have no incorporated municipalities within their borders, such as Arlington County, Virginia, likewise, some county seats may not be incorporated in their own right, but are located within incorporated municipalities. For example, Cape May Court House, New Jersey, though unincorporated, is a section of Middle Township, in some of the colonial states, county seats include or formerly included Court House as part of their name. Most counties have only one county seat, an example is Harrison County, Mississippi, which lists both Biloxi and Gulfport as county seats. The practice of multiple county seat towns dates from the days when travel was difficult, there have been few efforts to eliminate the two-seat arrangement, since a county seat is a source of pride for the towns involved. There are 36 counties with multiple county seats in 11 states, Coffee County, for example, the official county seat is Greensboro, but an additional courthouse has been located in nearby High Point since 1938. For example, Clearwater is the county seat of Pinellas County, Florida, in New England, the town, not the county, is the primary division of local government. Historically, counties in this region have served mainly as dividing lines for the judicial systems. Connecticut and Rhode Island have no county level of government and thus no county seats, in Vermont, Massachusetts, and Maine the county seats are legally designated shire towns. County government consists only of a Superior Court and Sheriff, both located in the shire town. Bennington County has two towns, but the Sheriff is located in Bennington. In Massachusetts, most government functions which would otherwise be performed by county governments in other states are performed by town governments. As such, Massachusetts has dissolved many of its county governments, two counties in South Dakota have their county seat and government services centered in a neighboring county
6.
Phoenix, Arizona
–
Phoenix is the capital and most populous city of the U. S. state of Arizona. Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, the metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people as of 2010. Settled in 1867 as a community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers. Located in the reaches of the Sonoran Desert, Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate. Despite this, its canal system led to a farming community, many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades, such as alfalfa, cotton, citrus. The city averaged a four percent annual growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s. This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007–09, and has rebounded slowly, Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun, as well as the entire state. For more than 2,000 years, the Hohokam people occupied the land that would become Phoenix, the Hohokam created roughly 135 miles of irrigation canals, making the desert land arable. Paths of these canals would later used for the modern Arizona Canal, Central Arizona Project Canal. The Hohokam also carried out trade with the nearby Anasazi, Mogollon and Sinagua. It is believed that between 1300 and 1450, periods of drought and severe floods led to the Hohokam civilizations abandonment of the area. After the departure of the Hohokam, groups of Akimel Oodham, Tohono Oodham and Maricopa tribes began to use the area, as well as segments of the Yavapai and Apache. The Oodham were offshoots of the Sobaipuri tribe, who in turn were thought to be the descendants of the formerly urbanized Hohokam and their crops included corn, beans, and squash for food, while cotton and tobacco were also cultivated. Mostly a peaceful group, they did together with the Maricopa for their mutual protection against incursions by both the Yuma and Apache tribes. The Tohono Oodham lived in the region as well, but their concentration was to the south. Living in small settlements, the Oodham were seasonal farmers who took advantage of the rains and they also hunted local game such as deer, rabbit, and javalina for meat. When the Mexican–American War ended in 1848, Mexico ceded its northern zone to the United States, the Phoenix area became part of the New Mexico Territory. In 1863 the mining town of Wickenburg was the first to be established in what is now Maricopa County, at the time Maricopa County had not yet been incorporated, the land was within Yavapai County, which included the major town of Prescott to the north of Wickenburg
7.
United States Census Bureau
–
The United States Census Bureau is a principal agency of the U. S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureaus primary mission is conducting the U. S. Census every ten years, in addition to the decennial census, the Census Bureau continually conducts dozens of other censuses and surveys, including the American Community Survey, the U. S. Economic Census, and the Current Population Survey, furthermore, economic and foreign trade indicators released by the federal government typically contain data produced by the Census Bureau. The Bureaus various censuses and surveys help allocate over $400 billion in federal funds every year and help states, local communities, the Census Bureau is part of the U. S. Department of Commerce and its director is appointed by the President of the United States. The Census Bureau now conducts a population count every 10 years in years ending with a 0. Between censuses, the Census Bureau makes population estimates and projections, the Census Bureau is mandated with fulfilling these obligations, the collecting of statistics about the nation, its people, and economy. The Census Bureaus legal authority is codified in Title 13 of the United States Code, the Census Bureau also conducts surveys on behalf of various federal government and local government agencies on topics such as employment, crime, health, consumer expenditures, and housing. Within the bureau, these are known as surveys and are conducted perpetually between and during decennial population counts. The Census Bureau also conducts surveys of manufacturing, retail, service. Between 1790 and 1840, the census was taken by marshals of the judicial districts, the Census Act of 1840 established a central office which became known as the Census Office. Several acts followed that revised and authorized new censuses, typically at the 10-year intervals, in 1902, the temporary Census Office was moved under the Department of Interior, and in 1903 it was renamed the Census Bureau under the new Department of Commerce and Labor. The department was intended to consolidate overlapping statistical agencies, but Census Bureau officials were hindered by their role in the department. An act in 1920 changed the date and authorized manufacturing censuses every 2 years, in 1929, a bill was passed mandating the House of Representatives be reapportioned based on the results of the 1930 Census. In 1954, various acts were codified into Title 13 of the US Code, by law, the Census Bureau must count everyone and submit state population totals to the U. S. President by December 31 of any year ending in a zero. States within the Union receive the results in the spring of the following year, the United States Census Bureau defines four statistical regions, with nine divisions. The Census Bureau regions are widely used. for data collection, the Census Bureau definition is pervasive. Title 13 of the U. S. Code establishes penalties for the disclosure of this information, all Census employees must sign an affidavit of non-disclosure prior to employment. The Bureau cannot share responses, addresses or personal information with anyone including United States or foreign government, only after 72 years does the information collected become available to other agencies or the general public
8.
Arizona's 1st congressional district
–
Arizonas 1st congressional district is a congressional district located in the U. S. state of Arizona. Geographically, it is the tenth-largest congressional district in the country and includes much of the state outside the Phoenix, since 2013 it includes the Navajo Nation, the Hopi reservation and the Gila River Indian Community, with 25% of the population being Native American. Some 25% of the population of the district is Native American, primarily Navajo, Hopi, the district has more Native Americans than any other congressional district in the United States. It is currently represented by Democrat Tom OHalleran, in a mid-decade redistricting resulting from Wesberry v. Sanders in 1967, the 1st was cut back to eastern Phoenix and most of what became the East Valley. Over the years, the 1sts share of Phoenix was gradually reduced due to the explosive growth in the second half of the 20th century. However, it remained based in the East Valley until Arizona picked up two seats in the 2000 U. S. Census, the old 1st essentially became the 6th District, while a new 1st District was created to serve most of the state outside of Phoenix and Tucson. After the 2012 redistricting, the Hopi reservation was drawn into the 1st District, also included were some northern suburbs of Tucson that had been in the 8th, as well as a tiny section of Phoenix itself near the Gila River Indian Community. Meanwhile, heavily Republican Prescott, the old 1sts largest city, the district is now considered to be significantly more competitive for Democrats. Democrats perform well in Flagstaff, Sedona, and the Navajo Nation among Native Americans, elections are usually decided by conservative Pinto Democrats throughout the rural areas. Due to its vast size, it is difficult to campaign in and has few unifying influences. George W. Bush received 54% of the vote in district in 2004. John McCain also carried the district in 2008 with 54. 42% of the vote while Barack Obama received 44. 25%, in the 2012 presidential election Mitt Romney won with 50% of the vote, with Obama receiving 48%. Due to intense competition, this is considered a swing district. The redistricting has increased the number of historically Democratic voters. During the Super Tuesday, February 5,2008 Arizona Democratic Primary, in the Arizona Republican Primary, the 1st District was won by McCain with 45. 99% while Mitt Romney received 35. 20% and Mike Huckabee took in 11. 70% of the vote in the district. Tom OHalleran won the seat in 2016. The district was considered competitive for both parties in the 2016 primaries and general election. Arizona gained a second seat after the 1940 Census
9.
Arizona's 3rd congressional district
–
Arizonas 3rd congressional district is a congressional district that contains the southwestern portions of the state, sharing the border of Mexico from Nogales to the California border. Most of the population lives in the western third of Tucson. It is currently represented by Democrat Raúl Grijalva, arizona picked up a third district after the 1960 Census. It encompassed the northern portion of the state, essentially wrapping around Phoenix. After a mid-decade redistricting in 1967, the 3rd absorbed a slice of western Maricopa County, due in part to explosive growth in the Phoenix/Maricopa portion of the district, the 3rd lost much of its eastern portion in the 1970 Census. Although it appeared rural on paper, the majority of its population lived in the West Valley. By the 1970s, as people lived in the West Valley as in the rest of the district combined. After the 1990 Census, the district was reconfigured to include the Hopi Reservation on the side of the state. This was a product of longstanding disputes between the Hopi and Navajo, since tribal boundary disputes are a federal matter, it was long believed inappropriate to include both tribes reservations in the same congressional district. However, the Hopi reservation is completely surrounded by the Navajo reservation, the final map saw the Hopi reservation connected to the rest of the district by a long, narrow tendril stretching through Coconino County. This was the way to allow the district to remain contiguous without covering significant portions of Navajo land. After the 2000 Census, this district became the 2nd District. It now contained most of northern Phoenix as well as some of its northern suburbs, most of that territory became the 6th District after the 2010 Census, while the 3rd was shifted to cover most of what had been the 7th District. From 2003 to 2013, most of the population was in middle-to-upper class areas in the northern part of Phoenix. George W. Bush received 58% of the vote in district in 2004. John McCain took in 56. 47% of the vote in the district in 2008 while Barack Obama received 42. 34%, arizona began sending a third member to the House after the 1960 Census. As of April 2015, there are two members of the U. S. House of Representatives from Arizonas 3rd congressional district that are currently living. The most recent representative to die was Sam Steiger on September 26,2012, the most recently serving representative to die was Bob Stump on June 20,2003
10.
Arizona's 4th congressional district
–
Arizonas 4th congressional district is a congressional district located in the U. S. state of Arizona. It stretches from the periphery of Phoenix to contain much of the western and northwestern portion of the state. It is currently represented by Republican Paul Gosar, the current 4th was created after the 2010 census from portions of the old 1st, 2nd, 5th and 5th districts. It is the district that is not a geographic or demographic successor to one of the districts in the 2003-2013 map. Prior to 2013, the 4th District was a district located entirely in Maricopa County. As of April 2015, there are four members of the U. S. House of Representatives from Arizonas 4th congressional district that are currently living
11.
Arizona's 5th congressional district
–
Arizonas 5th congressional district is a congressional district located in the U. S. state of Arizona. The district contains Gilbert, Queen Creek, southern and eastern Chandler and it is within eastern Maricopa County, and includes most of the East Valley. It is currently represented by Republican Andy Biggs, who was elected in November 2016, after redistricting in 2010, most of the 5ths territory became the 9th district, while the 5th included most of the territory in the old 6th district. Although Republicans outnumbered Democrats by about 40,000 voters, the 5th District was considered far less conservative than other suburban Phoenix districts. George W. Bush received 54% of the vote in district in 2004. Arizona began sending a member to the House after the 1980 Census. As of January 2017, there are five members of the U. S. House of Representatives from Arizonas 5th congressional district that are currently living. The most recent representative to die was James F. McNulty, Jr. on June 30,2009
12.
Arizona's 6th congressional district
–
Arizonas 6th congressional district is a congressional district located in the U. S. state of Arizona and encompasses parts of Maricopa County. It consists mostly of the suburbs of Phoenix. The district is represented by Republican David Schweikert. It also contained the city of Apache Junction in Pinal County, george W. Bush received 64% of the vote in this district in 2004. Native son John McCain—who represented this district from 1983 to 1987—received 61. 32% of the vote in the district in 2008, Arizona began sending a sixth member to the House after the 1990 Census. As of April 2015, there are three members of the U. S. House of Representatives from Arizonas 6th congressional district that are currently living
13.
Arizona's 7th congressional district
–
Arizonas 7th congressional district is a congressional district located in the U. S. state of Arizona. It includes much of inner Phoenix, as well as the portion of Glendale. It is currently represented by Democrat Ruben Gallego, situated in the southwestern part of the state, it included all of Yuma County and parts of La Paz, Maricopa, Pima, Pinal, and Santa Cruz counties. The district was larger than Rhode Island, Delaware, Hawaii, Connecticut and it includes 300 miles of the U. S. border with Mexico. After redistricting for the 2012 election, most of the current 7th district became the 3rd congressional district, Arizona began sending a seventh member to the House after the 2000 Census. The district was first created in 2002 following results from the 2000 U. S. Census, as of April 2015, there are two former members of the U. S. House of Representatives from Arizonas 7th congressional district that are currently living
14.
Arizona's 8th congressional district
–
Arizonas 8th congressional district is a congressional district located in the U. S. state of Arizona. It includes many of the north and west of Phoenix, in Maricopa County. It is the geographic and demographic successor of the old 2nd, while the 4th district contains most of the old 2nds land, from 2003 to 2013 the 8th district encompassed the extreme southeastern part of the state. It included all of Cochise County and parts of Pima, Pinal, the district was represented from 2007 to 2012 by Democrat Gabrielle Giffords, who was shot and severely wounded at a public event on January 8,2011. Giffords resigned her seat in January 2012, a special election that was on June 12,2012 elected Ron Barber as the new congressman. For the 2012 election, Barber was redistricted to the 2nd district, the 8th was redrawn to include nearly all of the Maricopa County portion of the old 2nd District. That districts congressman, Republican Trent Franks, won the election for the new 8th, george W. Bush received 53% of the vote in this district in 2004. Arizona resident John McCain carried the district in 2008 with 52. 37% of the vote, Arizona began sending an eighth member to the House after the 2000 Census. Prior to this time, most of the 8ths current territory was in the 5th district, as of April 2015, there are three former members of the U. S. House of Representatives from Arizonas 8th congressional district that are currently living
15.
Arizona's 9th congressional district
–
Arizonas ninth congressional district is a new district that was created as a result of the 2010 Census. The first candidates ran in the 2012 House elections, and the first representative was seated for the 113th Congress in 2013, the district is located entirely within Maricopa County. Geographically and demographically, it is the successor to the old 5th district,60 percent of the new 9ths territory comes from the old 5th and it is centered around Tempe and includes parts of Scottsdale, Mesa, Chandler, and southern Phoenix, including the Ahwatukee district. As of the 2012 general election, there are 344,770 registered voters, of these,118,077 are registered Republican,107,123 are registered Democratic,3,232 are registered Libertarian, and 761 are registered Green. A substantial number,115,531 are independents and it is split between liberal bastions such as Tempe, strongly conservative portions of the East Valley, and more moderate Republicans in eastern and southern Phoenix. The district was one of seven across the United States whose winner was not declared on election night, Sinema was officially declared the winner on November 12,2012. Arizona began sending a member to the House after the 2010 Census, the 2012 Congressional election. As the result of the August 28,2012 closed primary, Sinema was the first candidate to announce an intention to run. On January 11,2012, Republican Travis Grantham announced that he was running, Arizona State Senate Minority Leader David Schapira announced his candidacy on January 17,2012. Schapira was born in the district, has resided there for most of his life, on February 9,2012 former Clinton White House aide and Arizona prosecutor Andrei Cherny launched his bid for Congress in the new district. Cherny was Chair of the Arizona Democratic Party and his campaign slogan is Save the Middle Class, for his mission is to put our government back on the side of Arizonas families. He served as an Assistant Attorney General under Terry Goddard and worked in the Clinton White House, both men have given their endorsements to Cherny. Former Ahwatukee State Rep. Rae Waters, Mesa City Councilman Dennis Kavanaugh, former Phoenix Mayor Phil Gordon, on February 22,2012, Republican Martin Sepulveda declared his candidacy for Congressional District 9. Martin Sepulveda is a former Chandler City Councilman, an owner. On March 3,2012 Lieutenant Colonel Wendy Rogers announced her candidacy for Congressional District 9, Rogers and husband Hal Kunen, along with children George and Emily, settled in Tempe in 1996, upon their retirement from the United States Air Force. Leah Campos Schandlbauer announced her candidacy March 26,2012 and she is a former CIA operations officer and a conservative Republican. There are no members of the U. S. House of Representatives from Arizonas 9th congressional district, living or dead. Maps of Congressional Districts first in effect for the 2002 election Final Congressional Maps for the 2012 election
16.
Time in the United States
–
The time zone boundaries and DST observance are regulated by the Department of Transportation. The clocks run by these services are synchronized with each other as well as with those of other international timekeeping organizations. It is the combination of the zone and daylight saving rules, along with the timekeeping services. The use of solar time became increasingly awkward as railways. American railroads maintained many different time zones during the late 1800s, each train station set its own clock making it difficult to coordinate train schedules and confusing passengers. Time calculation became a problem for people travelling by train. Every city in the United States used a different time standard so there were more than 300 local sun times to choose from, Time zones were therefore a compromise, relaxing the complex geographic dependence while still allowing local time to be approximate with mean solar time. Railroad managers tried to address the problem by establishing 100 railroad time zones, operators of the new railroad lines needed a new time plan that would offer a uniform train schedule for departures and arrivals. Four standard time zones for the continental United States were introduced at noon on November 18,1883, the conference therefore established the Greenwich Meridian as the prime meridian and Greenwich Mean Time as the worlds time standard. The US time-zone system grew from this, in all zones referred back to GMT on the prime meridian. It is, within about 1 second, mean time at 0°. It does not observe daylight saving time and it is one of several closely related successors to Greenwich Mean Time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, standard time zones in the United States are currently defined at the federal level by law 15 USC §260. The federal law establishes the transition dates and times at which daylight saving time occurs. As of August 9,2007, the time zones are defined in terms of hourly offsets from UTC. Prior to this they were based upon the solar time at several meridians 15° apart west of Greenwich. Only the full-time zone names listed below are official, abbreviations are by common use conventions, the United States uses nine standard time zones. The Central standard time zone, which comprises roughly the Gulf Coast, Mississippi Valley, the Mountain standard time zone, which comprises roughly the states that include the Rocky Mountains
17.
Mountain Time Zone
–
The clock time in this zone is based on the mean solar time at the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In the United States, the specification for the location of time zones. In the United States and Canada, this zone is generically called Mountain Time. Specifically, it is Mountain Standard Time when observing standard time, the term refers to the fact that the Rocky Mountains, which range from northwestern Canada to the US state of New Mexico, are located almost entirely in the time zone. In Mexico, this zone is known as the Pacific Zone. In the United States and Canada, the Mountain Time Zone is one ahead of the Pacific Time Zone and one hour behind the Central Time Zone. Sonora in Mexico and most of Arizona in the United States do not observe daylight saving time, and during the spring, summer, and autumn months they are on the same time as Pacific Daylight Time. The Navajo Nation, most of which lies within Arizona, does observe DST, although the Hopi Nation, as well as some Arizona state offices lying within the Navajo Nation, the largest city in the Mountain Time Zone is Phoenix, Arizona. TV broadcasting in the Mountain Time Zone is typically tape-delayed one hour, sonora – no daylight saving time, always on MST. Sinaloa Revillagigedo Islands, three of the four islands have the time as Mountain Time Zone, Isla Socorro, San Benedicto Island. The following states or areas are part of the Mountain Time Zone, Arizona – no daylight saving time, always on MST, except on the Navajo Nation. Colorado Idaho – southern half, south of the Salmon River Kansas – only the counties of Sherman, Wallace, Greeley and Hamilton, the remaining three counties that border Colorado, Cheyenne, Morton and Stanton, observe Central Time, as do all other Kansas counties. However, the state of Oklahoma is officially in the Central Time Zone. Additionally, northwestern Culberson County, Texas unofficially observes Mountain Time
18.
Coordinated Universal Time
–
Coordinated Universal Time, abbreviated to UTC, is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time. It is within about 1 second of mean time at 0° longitude. It is one of closely related successors to Greenwich Mean Time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, the first Coordinated Universal Time was informally adopted on 1 January 1960. This change also adopted leap seconds to simplify future adjustments, a number of proposals have been made to replace UTC with a new system that would eliminate leap seconds, but no consensus has yet been reached. Leap seconds are inserted as necessary to keep UTC within 0.9 seconds of universal time, see the Current number of leap seconds section for the number of leap seconds inserted to date. The official abbreviation for Coordinated Universal Time is UTC and this abbreviation arose from a desire by the International Telecommunication Union and the International Astronomical Union to use the same abbreviation in all languages. English speakers originally proposed CUT, while French speakers proposed TUC, the compromise that emerged was UTC, which conforms to the pattern for the abbreviations of the variants of Universal Time. Time zones around the world are expressed using positive or negative offsets from UTC, the westernmost time zone uses UTC−12, being twelve hours behind UTC, the easternmost time zone, theoretically, uses UTC+12, being twelve hours ahead of UTC. In 1995, the nation of Kiribati moved those of its atolls in the Line Islands from UTC-10 to UTC+14 so that the country would all be on the same day. UTC is used in internet and World Wide Web standards. The Network Time Protocol, designed to synchronise the clocks of computers over the internet, computer servers, online services and other entities that rely on having a universally accepted time use UTC as it is more specific than GMT. If only limited precision is needed, clients can obtain the current UTC from a number of official internet UTC servers, for sub-microsecond precision, clients can obtain the time from satellite signals. UTC is also the standard used in aviation, e. g. for flight plans. Weather forecasts and maps all use UTC to avoid confusion about time zones, the International Space Station also uses UTC as a time standard. Amateur radio operators often schedule their radio contacts in UTC, because transmissions on some frequencies can be picked up by many time zones, UTC is also used in digital tachographs used on large goods vehicles under EU and AETR rules. UTC divides time into days, hours, minutes and seconds, days are conventionally identified using the Gregorian calendar, but Julian day numbers can also be used. Each day contains 24 hours and each hour contains 60 minutes, the number of seconds in a minute is usually 60, but with an occasional leap second, it may be 61 or 59 instead
19.
U.S. state
–
A U. S. state is a constituent political entity of the United States of America. There are 50 states, which are together in a union with each other. Each state holds administrative jurisdiction over a geographic territory. Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the government, Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons covered by certain types of court orders. States range in population from just under 600,000 to over 39 million, four states use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names. States are divided into counties or county-equivalents, which may be assigned some local authority but are not sovereign. County or county-equivalent structure varies widely by state, State governments are allocated power by the people through their individual constitutions. All are grounded in principles, and each provides for a government. States possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, Constitution has been amended, and the interpretation and application of its provisions have changed. The general tendency has been toward centralization and incorporation, with the government playing a much larger role than it once did. There is a debate over states rights, which concerns the extent and nature of the states powers and sovereignty in relation to the federal government. States and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a legislature consisting of the Senate. Each state is represented in the Senate by two senators, and is guaranteed at least one Representative in the House, members of the House are elected from single-member districts. Representatives are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census, the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50, alaska and Hawaii are the most recent states admitted, both in 1959. The Constitution is silent on the question of states have the power to secede from the Union. Shortly after the Civil War, the U. S. Supreme Court, in Texas v. White, as a result, while the governments of the various states share many similar features, they often vary greatly with regard to form and substance
20.
2010 United States Census
–
The 2010 United States Census, is the twenty-third and currently most recent United States national census. National Census Day, the day used for the census, was April 1,2010. As part of a drive to increase the accuracy,635,000 temporary enumerators were hired. The population of the United States was counted as 308,745,538, as required by the United States Constitution, the U. S. census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. The 2000 U. S. Census was the previous census completed, participation in the U. S. Census is required by law in Title 13 of the United States Code. On January 25,2010, Census Bureau Director Robert Groves personally inaugurated the 2010 Census enumeration by counting World War II veteran Clifton Jackson, more than 120 million census forms were delivered by the U. S. Post Office beginning March 15,2010, the number of forms mailed out or hand-delivered by the Census Bureau was approximately 134 million on April 1,2010. The 2010 Census national mail participation rate was 74%, from April through July 2010, census takers visited households that did not return a form, an operation called non-response follow-up. In December 2010, the Census Bureau delivered population information to the president for apportionment, personally identifiable information will be available in 2082. The Census Bureau did not use a form for the 2010 Census. In several previous censuses, one in six households received this long form, the 2010 Census used only a short form asking ten basic questions, How many people were living or staying in this house, apartment, or mobile home on April 1,2010. Were there any additional people staying here on April 1,2010 that you did not include in Question 1, mark all that apply, Is this house, apartment, or mobile home – What is your telephone number. What is Person 1s age and Person 1s date of birth, is Person 1 of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin. Does Person 1 sometimes live or stay somewhere else, the form included space to repeat some or all of these questions for up to twelve residents total. In contrast to the 2000 census, an Internet response option was not offered, detailed socioeconomic information collected during past censuses will continue to be collected through the American Community Survey. The survey provides data about communities in the United States on a 1-year or 3-year cycle, depending on the size of the community, rather than once every 10 years. A small percentage of the population on a basis will receive the survey each year. In June 2009, the U. S. Census Bureau announced that it would count same-sex married couples, however, the final form did not contain a separate same-sex married couple option
21.
Mesa, Arizona
–
Mesa is a city in Maricopa County, in the U. S. state of Arizona, and is a suburb located about 20 miles east of Phoenix. Mesa is the city of the East Valley section of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area. It is bordered by Tempe on the west, the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community on the north, Chandler and Gilbert on the south, as of the 2010 Census Mesa became Arizonas center of population. Mesa is the third-largest city in Arizona, after Phoenix and Tucson, the city is home to 439,041 people as of 2010 according to the Census Bureau. Mesa is home to higher education facilities including the Polytechnic campus of Arizona State University. The history of Mesa dates back at least 2,000 years to the arrival of the Hohokam people, the Hohokam, whose name means All Used Up or The Departed Ones, built the original canal system. The canals were the largest and most sophisticated in the prehistoric New World, some were up to 90 feet wide and ten feet deep at their head gates, extending for as far as 16 miles across the desert. By A. D.1100 water could be delivered to an area over 110,000 acres, by A. D.1450, the Hohokam had constructed hundreds of miles of canals many of which are still in use today. After the disappearance of the Hohokam and before the arrival of the early settlers little is known, by the late 19th century near present-day Mesa, U. S. Army troops subdued the Apache opening the way for settlement. Mormon pioneer Daniel Webster Jones led an expedition to found a Mormon settlement in Arizona, leaving St. George, Utah in March 1877, Jones and others arrived at Lehi, an area within the northern edge of present-day Mesa. Jones had been asked by Mormon officials to direct a party of people in establishing a settlement in Arizona. This settlement was known as Jonesville and Fort Utah and did not receive the name of Lehi until 1883. At the same time, another group dubbed the First Mesa Company arrived from Utah and their leaders were named Francis Martin Pomeroy, Charles Crismon, George Warren Sirrine and Charles I. Rather than accepting an invitation to settle at Jones Lehi settlement and they dug irrigation canals, some of which were over the original Hohokam canals, and by April 1878, water was flowing through them. The Second Mesa Company arrived in 1879 and settled to the west of where the First Mesa Company settled in 1880, on July 17,1878, Mesa City was registered as a 1-square-mile townsite. The first school was built in 1879, in 1883, Mesa City was incorporated with a population of 300 people. Dr. A. J. Chandler, who would go on to found the city of Chandler. In 1917, the city of Mesa purchased the utility company, the revenues from the company provided enough for capital expenditures until the 1960s
22.
Glendale, Arizona
–
Glendale /ˈɡlɛndeɪl/ is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, located about nine miles northwest from Downtown Phoenix. According to the 2010 census, the population of the city is 226,721, in the late 1800s what is now known as Glendale, Arizona, was all desert. He completed the canal, which would bring water to the desert land, Murphy was deep in debt, since he had agreed to be paid in Arizona Canal Company stock and bonds and land instead of cash. In 1887, Murphy formed the Arizona Improvement Company and his objective was to sell the land and water rights south of the canal. Murphy had to raise capital from out of state sources in order to meet payroll, Murphy decided to refer to this land as Glendale. In 1891, Burgess Hadsell worked with Murphy to bring 70 Brethren, soon settlers, attracted by the towns ban on alcoholic beverages, continued to arrive. In 1895, Murphy platted the town site and amended the plat to include a town park. It was bounded by Lamar Road on the south, 55th Avenue on the east, Myrtle Avenue on the north, the construction of a railroad from Prescott to Phoenix was made possible with an exchange of the right-of-way made by Murphy along Grand Avenue. The railroad allowed Glendale settlers to transport goods to the north, the construction and commercial applications of the Beet Sugar Factory in 1906, also contributed to the growth of Glendale. Though the operations of the factory lasted until 1913, it played an important role in the increase of immigrant and migrant settlers in the city. City Attorney Craig Tindall resigned his city post in 2013 upon request of the mayor, Tindall was subsequently the subject of an ethics complaint regarding his purported conflict of interest between his work for IceArizona and his Glendale post. He was still receiving city severance pay at the time IceArizona hired him, the complaint was filed by former city councilmember Phil Lieberman. After Tindall resigned from the City of Glendale, a press release announced that he had joined the well-known Phoenix law firm Fennemore Craig, Glendale is located at 33°32′19″N 112°11′11″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 55.8 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 218,812 people,75,700 households, the population density was 3,929.5 people per square mile. There were 79,667 housing units at a density of 1,430.7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 75. 54% White,4. 70% Black or African American,1. 45% Native American,2. 74% Asian,0. 13% Pacific Islander,11. 97% from other races, and 3. 47% from two or more races. 24. 84% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,21. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 5. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
23.
Phoenix metropolitan area
–
The United States Census Bureau designates the area as the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area, defining it as Maricopa and Pinal counties. As of the Census Bureaus 2015 population estimates, the Valley had 4,574,351 residents, the gross domestic product of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area was $215 billion in 2014, 15th largest amongst metro areas in the United States. It is also one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas, gaining nearly 400,000 residents from 2010 to 2015. The 2000 Census reported the population of the area to be 3,251,876. As for the 2010 Census, the two-county metropolitan area was reported to have a population of 4,192,887, Metro Phoenix grew by 941,011 people from April 2000 to April 2010, making it one of the fastest growing metro areas in the country. This also contributed to the entire states exceptional growth, as the area is home to just over two-thirds of Arizonas population. As of the 2010 census, there were 4,192,887 people,1,537,137 households, and 1,024,971 families residing within the MSA. The racial makeup of the MSA was 73. 0% White,5. 0% Black,3. 3% Asian,2. 4% Native American or Alaska Native and 16. 2% of other or mixed race,29. 5% were Hispanic of any race. In 2010 the median income for a household in the MSA was $50,385, the per capita income was $24,809. What follows is a list of places in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area, the Office of Management and Budget defines a metropolitan area as the core city plus its county and any nearby counties that are economically dependent on the core city. However, Arizona has relatively large counties and a harsh, rugged desert landscape, for these reasons, much of the land that is part of the Metropolitan Statistical Area is rural or completely uninhabited. The core part of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area is the Phoenix–Mesa, Arizona Urban Area, Places that fall completely or partially within the boundaries of the Phoenix-Mesa, AZ UA are in bold below. 1,537,058 Places with 250, 000+ inhabitants Mesa pop,254,276 Places with 150, 000–249,999 inhabitants Gilbert pop. 166,934 Places with 75,000 to 149,999 inhabitants Surprise pop,75,664 Places with 30,000 to 74,999 inhabitants Buckeye pop. 32,236 Places with 10, 000–29,999 inhabitants Coolidge pop, the average elevation is about 2,000 feet, with the highest point being 2,704 feet. The Phoenix Metropolitan area is notable for its warm, desert climate, on average, the area receives about 9 inches of rain annually, with less than 1 inch of snow every decade. In total, the region will see about 32 days of precipitation each year. The MSA is one of the sunniest major metropolitan areas, receiving 295 days of sunshine, the average July high is about 104 °F, with the average January low being about 37 °F, still above freezing
24.
Forbes
–
Forbes is an American business magazine. Published bi-weekly, it features articles on finance, industry, investing. Forbes also reports on related subjects such as technology, communications, science, politics and its headquarters is located in Jersey City, New Jersey. Primary competitors in the business magazine category include Fortune and Bloomberg Businessweek. The magazine is known for its lists and rankings, including its lists of the richest Americans. Another well-known list by the magazine is The Worlds Billionaires list, the motto of Forbes magazine is The Capitalist Tool. Its chairman and editor-in-chief is Steve Forbes, and its CEO is Mike Perlis, Forbes, a financial columnist for the Hearst papers, and his partner Walter Drey, the general manager of the Magazine of Wall Street, founded Forbes magazine on September 15,1917. Forbes provided the money and the name and Drey provided the publishing expertise, the original name of the magazine was Forbes, Devoted to Doers and Doings. Drey became vice-president of the B. C. Forbes Publishing Company, while B. C. Forbes became editor-in-chief, B. C. Forbes was assisted in his later years by his two eldest sons, Bruce Charles Forbes and Malcolm Stevenson Forbes. Bruce Forbes took over on his fathers death, and his strengths lay in streamlining operations, during his tenure, 1954–1964, the magazines circulation nearly doubled. On Malcolms death, his eldest son Malcolm Stevenson Steve Forbes Jr. became President and Chief Executive of Forbes, between 1961 and 1999 the magazine was edited by James Michaels. In 1993, under Michaels, Forbes was a finalist for the National Magazine Award. com, a 2009 New York Times report said,40 percent of the enterprise was sold. For a reported $300 million, setting the value of the enterprise at $750 million, according to Mark M. Edmiston of AdMedia Partners, Its probably not worth half of that now. The companys headquarters moved to the Newport section of downtown Jersey City. In November 2013, Forbes Media, which publishes Forbes magazine, was put up for sale and this was encouraged by Elevation Partners, of whom were minority shareholders. Sales documents prepared by Deutsche Bank revealed that the publishers 2012 EBITDA was $15 million, Forbes reportedly sought a price of $400 million. In July 2014, Forbes sold a majority of itself to Integrated Whale Media Investments, Steve Forbes and his magazines writers offer investment advice on the weekly Fox TV show Forbes on Fox and on Forbes On Radio. Other company groups include Forbes Conference Group, Forbes Investment Advisory Group, from the 2009 Times report, Steve Forbes recently returned from opening up a Forbes magazine in India, bringing the number of foreign editions to 10
25.
Buckeye, Arizona
–
Buckeye is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States and is, at this time, the westernmost suburb in the Phoenix metropolitan area. The population was 6,537 at the 2000 census, from 2000 to 2010, the Buckeye population growth percentage was 678. 3% as it had 50,876 people at the 2010 census. Early settler Malin M. Jackson developed 10 miles of the Buckeye Canal from 1884 to 1886, the town was founded in 1888 and originally named Sidney, after Jacksons home town in Ohio. However, because of the significance of the canal, the became known as Buckeye. The name was changed to Buckeye in 1910. The town was incorporated in 1929, at time it included 440 acres. The towns first mayor was Hugh M. Watson, who founded the Buckeye Valley Bank, today, Watson Road is the site of the citys commercial center. In 2008, Buckeye was featured on The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer as part of a series entitled Blueprint America. A vote to change the town into the City of Buckeye became effective in 2014, Buckeye is located approximately 30 miles west of downtown Phoenix. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 145.8 square miles. The original Buckeye was built around downtowns main street, Monroe Avenue, there are currently nearly 30 master planned communities planned for Buckeye. Such master planned communities under development in which homes are occupied include Riata West, Sundance, Verrado, Westpark, Tartesso, Sundance Towne Center, a shopping center developed by Vestar Development in the Sundance community, opened in 2007. Buckeye has a hot climate, with abundant sunshine due to the stable descending air of the eastern side of the subtropical anticyclone aloft. Summers, as all of the Desert Southwest, are extremely hot. The record hot temperature of 125 °F occurred on July 28,1995, and temperatures above 86 °F or 30 °C may occur in any month. The heaviest daily rainfall has been 4.90 inches on September 2,1894, the coldest temeprature recorded in Buckeye was 11 °F or −11.7 °C on January 8,1913. As of the census of 2000, there were 6,537 people,2,158 households, the population density was 44.8 people per square mile. There were 2,344 housing units at a density of 16. 1/sq mi
26.
Surprise, Arizona
–
Surprise is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. The population was 30,848 at the 2000 census, however, rapid expansion has boosted the population to 117,517 at the 2010 census. The city has a 10, 562-square-foot Aquatics Center and Maricopa Countys northwest regional library, the city was founded in 1938 by Flora Mae Statler, who named it Surprise as she would be surprised if the town ever amounted to much. Surprise officials previously thought the city was founded by Statlers husband, real estate developer, Ludden, but in 2010 property records were discovered which listed Statler owning the land before she met Ludden. It incorporated into a city in 1960, the townsite being bounded by Greenway Road on the south, El Mirage Road on the east, Bell Road on the north, Surprise is about five miles northwest of Del Webbs original Sun City development and adjacent to Sun City West. Sun City Grand has become a contributor to the citys population. Rapid growth has led city officials to estimate the population at over 103,000 as of 2007, Surprise is located at 33°38′19″N 112°21′02″W. It is about 20 miles northwest of Phoenix. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 85.6 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 30,848 people,12,484 households, the population density was 443.9 people per square mile. There were 16,260 housing units at a density of 234.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 85. 97% White,2. 61% Black or African American,0. 43% Native American,1. 07% Asian,0. 05% Pacific Islander,7. 87% from other races, and 1. 99% from two or more races. 23. 29% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race, in recent years, the racial makeup has varied due to the rapid expansion of the city. 17. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.75 people. In the city, the population was out with 19. 9% under the age of 18,7. 0% from 18 to 24,22. 4% from 25 to 44,25. 3% from 45 to 64. The median age was 46 years, for every 100 females there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males, the median income for a household in the city was $44,156, and the median income for a family was $47,899. Males had an income of $33,079 versus $26,347 for females
27.
Goodyear, Arizona
–
Goodyear is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. It is a suburb of Phoenix and is in the Phoenix metropolitan area, according to the 2010 census, the population of the city is 65,275. Goodyear was the third fastest-growing place among all cities and towns in Arizona of any size between 1990 and 2000, the July 1,2015, MAG population estimate was 79,003. The city is home to the Goodyear Ballpark, where the Cleveland Indians, on June 6,2008, Goodyear won the All-America City Award, sponsored by the National Civic League. The city is named after the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, Goodyear was established in 1917 with the purchase of 16,000 acres of land by the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company to cultivate cotton for vehicle tire threads. World War II was important to Goodyear in the 1940s as the current Phoenix Goodyear Airport was built, but after the war, Goodyear became a town on November 19,1946. At the time, it had 151 homes and 250 apartments, a store, a barber shop, beauty shop. In January 1965, the Phoenix Trotting Park, a racing track opened. At the time, there was no Interstate 10 or any major roads from Phoenix to Goodyear for access to the track and it closed under two years later, but still stands, and has been abandoned ever since. It is located south of Interstate 10 and is visible from the freeway. The town became a city in 1985, in the same decade, the remaining 10,000 acres of the original farmland was sold for future development. The Phoenix Goodyear Airport received its current name in 1986, throughout the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, new homes and communities brought the population increasing rapidly. Goodyear continues to grow as more communities and homes are continuing to be built, Goodyears population is projected to be 358,000 by 2035. Goodyear is located at 33°27′00″N 112°21′30″W, nearby cities include Avondale, Litchfield Park, Tolleson and Buckeye. Goodyear is about 17 miles west of downtown Phoenix, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 116.5 square miles, all of it land. The Gila River passes through the city, the largest master planned community is Estrella, south of the Gila River, located near the Estrella Mountains. The Estrella Mountain Regional Park covers almost 20,000 acres and it contains eight trails over 30 mi in length combined, two baseball fields, and a 9.5 mi track. Goodyear has a desert climate due to its location in the Sonoran Desert
28.
Avondale, Arizona
–
Avondale is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, adjacent to Phoenix, Arizona. According to the 2010 census, the population of the city is 76,238, Avondale, incorporated in 1946, experienced rapid residential and commercial growth in the years since 1980. Once primarily a sparsely populated farming community with many acres of alfalfa and cotton fields, several major residential subdivisions and shopping centers have recently been built on former farmland, many adjacent to Interstate 10. Phoenix Childrens Hospital opened a facility, at the corner of Avondale Boulevard. Avondale is located at 33°26′01″N 112°20′59″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 41.3 square miles, of which,41.3 square miles of it is land and 0.1 square miles of it is water. As of the census of 2000, there were 35,883 people,10,640 households, the population density was 869.7 people per square mile. There were 11,419 housing units at a density of 276.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 63. 27% White,5. 20% Black or African American,1. 28% Native American,1. 89% Asian,0. 14% Pacific Islander,24. 32% from other races, and 3. 89% from two or more races. 46. 23% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,12. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 3. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age. The average household size was 3.36 and the family size was 3.66. In the city, the population was out with 34. 2% under the age of 18,9. 7% from 18 to 24,33. 1% from 25 to 44,17. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 29 years, for every 100 females there were 102.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males, the median income for a household in the city was $49,153, and the median income for a family was $51,084. Males had an income of $35,134 versus $27,487 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,919, about 10. 3% of families and 13. 8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17. 2% of those under age 18 and 16. 7% of those age 65 or over. In 2010 Avondale had a population of 78,256, mitch Garcia - professional soccer player, graduated from Agua Fria High School. Shawn Gilbert - MLB player, played high school baseball at Agua Fria High School, everson Griffen - defensive end for the University of Southern California Trojans, attended Agua Fria High School. Nick Harris - punter for the Detroit Lions, attended Westview High School, drisan James - wide receiver for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, attended Westview High School
29.
Maricopa people
–
The Maricopa are a River Yuman group, formerly living along the banks of the Colorado River. The neighboring Akimel Oodham and future allies, called them Kokmalikop, and they call themselves Piipaa, Piipaash or Pee-Posh. They formerly consisted of groups of people situated on the banks of the Colorado River for centuries. In the 16th century, they migrated to the area around the Gila River, to attacks by the Quechan. During the 1840s, epidemics took a toll on the tribe, in the 19th century, the Maricopa formed a confederation with the Pima, and in 1857 they successfully defeated the Quechan and Mojave at the Battle of Pima Butte near Maricopa Wells. They became successful farmers, and in 1870, they produced three million pounds of wheat, however, drought and water diversion by non-Indians brought widespread crop failures, in 1914, the US federal government broke tribal landholdings into individual allotments. The Pima Advisory Council was formed by the BIA in 1926 to speak on behalf of the Pima, in 1936 the Pimas and Maricopas agreed on a constitution to restore some measure of self-governance. Through the 1930s, surface flow on the Gila River was reduced to nothing, and the tribe suffered greatly due to the loss of their river, however, the BIA ignored water issues. The tribe resorted to using well water, incapable of growing edible crops. Their heritage language is Maricopa language, which belongs to the Yuman language family, the Maricopa are known for their basket weaving and textiles, but in particular, they are known for their highly burnished red-on-redware pottery. Their traditional pottery practices enjoyed a revival from 1937 to 1940, a US Home Extension Agent, Elizabeth Hart works with a leading Maricopa pottery, Ida Redbird, formed the Maricopa Pottery Cooperative. Redbird served as president of the cooperative, which had 17 to 19 master potters as members, Hart encouraged members to sign their work. Swastikas were a traditional motif that was abandoned in the 1940s. The paddle and anvil method of construction is used, and, while utilitarian cookware is tempered and he is also an enrolled member of the Hunkpapa tribe. Halchidhoma, a band joined the Maricopa Pritzker, Barry. Traders and Raiders, The Indigenous World of the Colorado Basin, chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press,2014. Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community page on the Maricopa people
30.
Indian reservation
–
Each of the 326 Indian reservations in the United States are associated with a particular Nation. Not all of the countrys 567 recognized tribes have a reservation—some tribes have more than one reservation, some share reservations and this jumble of private and public real estate creates significant administrative, political, and legal difficulties. The collective geographical area of all reservations is 56,200,000 acres, while most reservations are small compared to US states, there are 12 Indian reservations larger than the state of Rhode Island. The largest reservation, the Navajo Nation Reservation, is similar in size to West Virginia, Reservations are unevenly distributed throughout the country, the majority are west of the Mississippi River and occupy lands that were first reserved by treaty or granted from the public domain. Because tribes possess tribal sovereignty, even though it is limited and these laws can permit legal casinos on reservations, for example, which attract tourists. The tribal council, not the local or federal government, generally has jurisdiction over reservations, different reservations have different systems of government, which may or may not replicate the forms of government found outside the reservation. Most Native American reservations were established by the government, a limited number, mainly in the East. The name reservation comes from the conception of the Native American tribes as independent sovereigns at the time the U. S, the term remained in use even after the federal government began to forcibly relocate tribes to parcels of land to which they had no historical connection. A majority of Native Americans and Alaska Natives live somewhere other than the reservations, often in big cities such as Phoenix. In 2012, there were over 2.5 million Native Americans with about 1 million living on reservations, from the beginning of the European colonization of the Americas, Europeans often removed native peoples from lands they wished to occupy. The means varied, including voluntary moves based on agreement, treaties made under considerable duress, forceful ejection. The removal caused many problems such as tribes losing means of livelihood by being subjected to an area, farmers having inadmissible land for agriculture. In 1764 the “Plan for the Future Management of Indian Affairs” was proposed by the Board of Trade, additionally, this plan dictated that the Indians would be properly consulted when ascertaining and defining the boundaries of colonial settlement. For much of North America, the American Revolution was more of a battle against the Indians than a war against the British, the treaty was seen by Americans as a confirmation of their conquest of Indian land. The private contracts that once characterized the sale of Indian land to various individuals and this protocol was adopted by the United States Government after the America Revolution. On March 11,1824, John C. Calhoun founded the Office of Indian Affairs as a division of the United States Department of War, to solve the land problem with 38 treaties with American Indian tribes. The passage of the Indian Removal Act of 1830 marked the systematization of a US federal government policy of forcibly moving Native populations away from European-populated areas, some of the lands these tribes were given to inhabit following the removals eventually became Indian Reservations. In 1851, the United States Congress passed the Indian Appropriations Act which authorized the creation of Indian reservations in modern-day Oklahoma, relations between settlers and natives had grown increasingly worse as the settlers encroached on territory and natural resources in the West
31.
Gila River Indian Community
–
Gila River Indian Reservation was established in 1859, and the Gila River Indian Community formally established by Congress in 1939. The community is home for members of both the Akimel O’odham and the Pee-Posh tribes, the reservation has a land area of 583.749 square miles and a 2000 Census population of 11,257. It is made up of seven districts along the Gila River and its largest communities are Sacaton, Komatke, Santan, tribal administrative offices and departments are located in Sacaton. The Community operates its own company, electric utility, industrial park and healthcare clinic. It has one of the highest rates of type 2 diabetes in the world, the community has been very helpful in type 2 diabetes research, participating in many studies of the disease. Stephen Roe Lewis, Governor Monica Antone, Lt, Governor Arzie Hogg, Council Member, Dist 1 Joey Whitman, Council Member, Dist 1 Carol A. Council Member, Dist 5 Janice Stewart, Council Member, Dist 5 Robert Stone, Council Member, Dist 5 Franklin Pablo, Council Member, Dist 5 Albert Pablo, Council Member, Dist 6 Charles Goldtooth, Council Member, Dist 6 Anthony Villareal, Sr. Council Member, Dist 6 Devin C, the first casino opened in 1994. The community owns and operates Gila River Memorial Airport, a small, private-use airport and it is used for cropdusting and air charter operations, with no scheduled commercial services. There are plans to redevelop the airfield into a casino, the reservation was the birthplace of and the home of the time of death of Ira Hayes, depicted in the photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima in 1945. Jay Morago, who served as the first Governor of the Gila River Indian Community from 1954 until 1960, mary Thomas became the first woman to serve as Governor of the Gila River Indian Community from 1994 until 2000
32.
County statistics of the United States
–
In 48 of the 50 states of the United States, the county is used for the level of local government immediately below the state itself. Louisiana uses parishes, and Alaska uses boroughs, there are 3,142 counties and county equivalent administrative units in total, including the District of Columbia. There are 41 independent cities in the United States, in Virginia, any municipality that is incorporated as a city legally becomes independent of any county. Where indicated, the statistics below do not include Virginias 38 independent cities, in Alaska, most of the land area of the state has no county-level government. Those parts of the state are divided by the United States Census Bureau into census areas, the states largest statistical division by area is the Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, which is larger than any of the states boroughs. Although Anchorage is called a municipality, it is considered a consolidated city, lists of counties and county equivalents by number per political division, Total,3,142 Average county equivalents per state,62.84 These rankings include county equivalents. The following tables exclude county equivalents, the largest counties and county equivalents are organized boroughs and the census areas of Alaska with the top two being Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area and North Slope Borough. The smallest counties and county equivalents are the independent cities of Virginia with the extreme being Falls Church. If independent cities are included, Falls Church becomes the smallest county in the state and this list excludes Alaskan Census Areas, but includes other county equivalents. The North Slope Borough is the largest independently incorporated county equivalent, the Unorganized Borough is substantially larger, but is an extension of the State of Alaska government and not independently incorporated. Data presented below is based on U. S. Census department data from 2010, calculations are made by dividing the population by the land area. This list generated by dividing the population by the land area, the list is dominated by just a few states, Alaska, Montana, and Texas together comprise about two-thirds of the entries. The Unorganized Borough is not included here as a unit, if the census areas were removed from the list, the Unorganized Borough would rank fourteenth with a density of 0.38 per square mile. Data presented below is based on U. S. Census Bureau data from 2010, calculations are made by dividing the population by the land area. Excluding the census areas of Alaska, Lake and Peninsula Borough is the least densely populated county equivalent with 0. 069/sq mi, map of the US showing population density per county 2002 Census of Governments, Volume 1, No. Page 8 shows a chart of counties by population and by state, labor Statistics County Employment and Wages
33.
La Paz County, Arizona
–
La Paz County is a county in the western part of the U. S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, its population was 20,489, the name of the county is the Spanish word for the peace, and is taken from the early settlement of La Paz along the Colorado River. La Paz County was established in 1983 after voters approved separating the northern portion of Yuma County, the county did not have a large enough tax base to begin supporting a separate county government immediately and had to rely on state money at first. As a result, Arizona laws were changed to make splitting other existing counties much more difficult, a county formation commission is required to be formed to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed county. A proposal to divide a county must be approved by a majority of the votes cast in each proposed new county, the Colorado River Indian Reservation is located in the western portion of the county. Part of the reservation extends westward into San Bernardino and Riverside Counties in California, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 4,514 sq mi, of which 4500 sq mi is land and 14 sq mi is water. La Paz County hosts a variety of flora and fauna, the endangered California Fan Palm, Washingtonia filifera grows in a few spots in the county. The population density was 4.4 people per square mile, there were 15,133 housing units at an average density of 3. 4/sq mi. 22. 42% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,18. 90% reported speaking Spanish at home. 26. 60% of households were made up of individuals and 12. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.79. The county population had 21. 10% under the age of 18,6. 10% from 18 to 24,20. 40% from 25 to 44,26. 60% from 45 to 64, the median age was 47 years. For every 100 females there were 105.50 males, for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.10 males. The median income for a household in the county was $25,839, males had a median income of $26,642 versus $20,965 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,916, about 13. 60% of families and 19. 60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28. 50% of those under age 18 and 12. 90% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 20,489 people,9,198 households, the population density was 4. 5//sq mi. There were 16,049 housing units at a density of 3. 56/sq mi. The racial makeup of the county was 69. 8% white,12. 8% American Indian,0. 6% black or African American,0. 5% Asian,12. 5% from other races, and 3. 7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 23. 5% of the population, in terms of ancestry,22. 4% were German,15. 9% were Irish,15. 3% were English, and 2. 1% were American
34.
Yuma County, Arizona
–
Yuma County is a county in the southwestern corner of the U. S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, its population was 195,751, Yuma County comprises the Yuma, AZ Metropolitan Statistical Area. Long settled by Native Americans of indigenous cultures for thousands of years, in the 19th century, it was part of independent Mexico before the Mexican–American War and Gadsden Purchase. Yuma County was one of four original Arizona counties created by the 1st Arizona Territorial Legislature, the county territory was defined as being west of longitude 113°20 and south of the Bill Williams River. Its original boundaries remained the same until 1982, when La Paz County was created from its northern half, the original county seat was the city of La Paz, in 1871 it was moved to Arizona City, later renamed as Yuma in 1873. Because of Yuma Countys location along the U. S. -Mexico border, from October to July 2005, some 124,400 illegal foreign nationals were apprehended in the area, a 46% increase over the previous year. In 2015, however, only 6,000 people were apprehended, the number of illegal immigrants also declined with slumps in the US economy. Agriculture is a $3 billion business annually, employing tens of thousands of workers, during the agricultural season from November to March, some 40,000 Mexican workers cross the border daily to work in United States fields. Leaders in the county are aware that their economy is tied to that of Mexican states on the side of the border. There are automotive plants in Ciudad Juárez, across from El Paso, aerospace plants in Mexicali, southwest of Yuma, on the American side, there is a mix of retail stores, warehouses and trucking companies. The Board of Supervisors is the body of the county. The Board adopts ordinances, establishes programs, levies taxes, appropriates funds, appoints certain officials, in addition, members of the Board represent the County on numerous intergovernmental agencies. In 2016 county voters elected more Democrats to the Board than Republicans, in 2016 the population of the county was 62% Latino, and many of them are Democrats. But Donald Trump won the county by one point in the presidential election. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 5,519 square miles. The lowest point in the state of Arizona is located on the Colorado River in San Luis in Yuma County, Yuma County is in the west, and northwestern regions of the north-south Sonoran Desert that extends through Sonora state Mexico to the border of northern Sinaloa state. West of the county across the Colorado River in southeast California is the Colorado Desert, north of the county, with La Paz County the regions merge into the southeastern Mojave Desert. Notable mountains in Yuma County include the Gila Mountains and the Tule Mountains, the population density was 29 people per square mile
35.
Pima County, Arizona
–
Pima County /ˈpiːmə/ is a county in the south central region of the U. S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, the population was 980,263, the county seat is Tucson, where nearly all of the population is centered. The county is named after the Pima Native Americans who are indigenous to this area, Pima County comprises the Tucson, AZ Metropolitan Statistical Area. The vast majority of the county lies in and around the city of Tucson. Tucson, Arizonas second largest city, is a major commercial, other urban areas include the Tucson suburbs of Oro Valley, Marana, Sahuarita, and South Tucson, a large ring of unincorporated urban development, and the growing satellite town Green Valley. The rest of the county is sparsely populated, the largest towns are Sells, the capital of the Tohono Oodham Nation, and Ajo in the countys far western region. Pima County, one of the four counties in Arizona, was created by the 1st Arizona Territorial Legislature with land acquired through the Gadsden Purchase from Mexico in 1853. The original county consisted of all of Arizona Territory east of longitude 113°20, soon thereafter, the counties of Cochise, Graham and Santa Cruz were carved from the original Pima County. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 9,189 square miles. As of the 2000 census, there were 843,746 people,332,350 households, the population density was 92 people per square mile. There were 366,737 housing units at a density of 40 per square mile. 29. 34% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,22. 80% reported speaking Spanish at home. 28. 50% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.06. In the county, the population was out with 24. 60% under the age of 18,10. 90% from 18 to 24,28. 40% from 25 to 44,21. 90% from 45 to 64. The median age was 36 years, for every 100 females there were 95.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.70 males, the median income for a household in the county was $36,758, and the median income for a family was $44,446. Males had an income of $32,156 versus $24,959 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,785, about 10. 50% of families and 14. 70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19. 40% of those under age 18 and 8. 20% of those age 65 or over
36.
Pinal County, Arizona
–
Pinal County is a county in the central part of the U. S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, the population was 375,770, the county was founded in 1875. Pinal County contains parts of the Tohono Oodham Nation, the Gila River Indian Community, Pinal County is included in the Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ Metropolitan Statistical Area. Pinal County was carved out of neighboring Maricopa County and Pima County on February 1,1875 during the Eighth Legislature, Pinal County was the second fastest growing county in the U. S. between 2000 and 2010. In 2010 CNN Money named Pinal County as the 2nd fastest growing county in the USA. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 5,374 square miles. The population density was 34 people per square mile, there were 81,154 housing units at an average density of 15/sq mi. 29. 86% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,21. 86% reported speaking Spanish at home, while 1. 44% speak Oodham and 0. 02% speak Apache. 21. 10% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.09. In the county, the population was out with 25. 10% under the age of 18,8. 70% from 18 to 24,27. 30% from 25 to 44,22. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 114.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 117.00 males, the median income for a household in the county was $35,856, and the median income for a family was $39,548. Males had an income of $31,544 versus $23,726 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,025, about 12. 10% of families and 16. 90% of the population were below the poverty threshold, including 25. 50% of those under age 18 and 8. 70% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 375,770 people,125,590 households, the population density was 70.0 inhabitants per square mile. There were 159,222 housing units at a density of 29.7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 72. 4% white,5. 6% American Indian,4. 6% black or African American,1. 7% Asian,0. 4% Pacific islander,11. 5% from other races, and 3. 8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 28. 5% of the population, in terms of ancestry,16. 9% were German,10. 6% were Irish,9. 5% were English, and 2. 8% were American
37.
Gila County, Arizona
–
Gila County is a county in the central part of the U. S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census its population was 53,597, Gila County comprises the Payson, AZ Micropolitan Statistical Area. Gila County contains parts of Fort Apache Indian Reservation and San Carlos Indian Reservation, the county was formed from parts of Maricopa County and Pinal County on February 8,1881. The boundary was extended eastward to the San Carlos River by public petition in 1889. The original county seat was in the community of Globe City, now Globe. Popular theory says that the word Gila was derived from a Spanish contraction of Hah-quah-sa-eel, in the 1880s, a long range war broke out in Gila County that became the most costly feud in American history, resulting in an almost complete annihilation of the families involved. The Pleasant Valley War matched the cattle-herding Grahams against the sheep-herding Tewksburys, burnham shot many men in the feud, and was himself nearly killed by a bounty hunter. In the 1960s, it was home of Gerald Gault, who was the subject of the 1967 U. S. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 4,795 square miles. The population density was 11 people per square mile, there were 28,189 housing units at an average density of 6 per square mile. 16. 65% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,9. 84% reported speaking Spanish at home, while 6. 29% speak Western Apache. 25. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.99. In the county, the population was out with 25. 10% under the age of 18,6. 40% from 18 to 24,22. 30% from 25 to 44,26. 40% from 45 to 64. The median age was 42 years, for every 100 females there were 96.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.20 males, the median income for a household in the county was $30,917, and the median income for a family was $36,593. Males had an income of $31,579 versus $22,315 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,315, about 12. 60% of families and 17. 40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25. 90% of those under age 18 and 7. 90% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 53,597 people,22,000 households, the population density was 11.3 inhabitants per square mile
38.
Yavapai County, Arizona
–
Yavapai County is near the center of the U. S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, its population was 211,073, Yavapai County comprises the Prescott, AZ Metropolitan Statistical Area. Yavapai County was one of the four original Arizona Counties created by the 1st Arizona Territorial Legislature, the county territory was defined as being east of longitude 113°20 and north of the Gila River. Soon thereafter, the counties of Apache, Coconino, Maricopa, Yavapai Countys present boundaries were established in 1891. The county is named after the Yavapai people, who were the inhabitants at the time the United States annexed the area. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 8,128 square miles. It has about 93% of the area of the U. S. state of New Jersey and it is larger than three U. S. States, Rhode Island, Delaware & Connecticut, and the District of Columbia. The countys topography makes a transition from the lower Sonoran Desert to the south to the heights of the Coconino Plateau to the north. The highest point above sea level in Yavapai County is Mount Union at an elevation of 7,979 ft, fourteen of these are integral parts of National Forests listed above, whereas five are managed by the Bureau of Land Management. S. Bureau of Land Management,11. 6% of the countys area Small areas of Federal land are managed by the U. S. Bureau of Indian Affairs and the National Park Service, less than 0. 5% of the countys area. Yavapai-Prescott Tribe 1,413 acres Yavapai-Apache Nation 685 acres About 25% of Yavapai County is owned by the State of Arizona as state trust lands, source, Yavapai County Profile There are numerous flora and fauna species within Yavapai County. For example, a number of plants within the genus Ephedra, Yavapai County is also the location of several groves of the near-threatened California Fan Palm, Washingtonia filifera. Yavapai County is home to Arcosanti, a prototype arcology, developed by Paolo Soleri, and under construction since 1970. Arcosanti is open Monday through Sunday from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. and holds tours from 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. on the hour, Arcosanti is just north of Cordes Junction, Arizona. Out of Africa Wildlife Park is a private zoo, the park moved to the Camp Verde area from the East Valley in 2005. As of the 2000 census, there were 167,517 people,70,171 households, the population density was 21 people per square mile. There were 81,730 housing units at a density of 10 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 89% White,0. 39% Black or African American,1. 60% Native American,0. 51% Asian,0. 08% Pacific Islander,3. 58% from other races, and 1. 95% from two or more races
39.
Sonoran Desert National Monument
–
Sonoran Desert National Monument is south of Goodyear and Buckeye and east of Gila Bend, Arizona. Created by Presidential proclamation on January 17,2001, the 496,400 acres monument is managed by the U. S. Bureau of Land Management as part of the National Landscape Conservation System. The BLM already managed the lands, however under monument status, Sonoran Desert National Monument protects but a small portion of the Sonoran Desert, which is 120,000 square miles, and extends well into California and the country of Mexico. The North Maricopa Mountains, South Maricopa Mountains and the Table Top Wildernesses protect the richest regions of desert habitat from development, the Sonoran Desert National Monument is unique among monuments in that its establishing Proclamation specifically mentioned the impacts of livestock grazing on Monument objects. The Proclamation mandated the closure of all grazing allotments south of Interstate 8 at the expiration of their permits, the BLM was charged with determining compatibility of livestock grazing and resource protection for the grazing allotments north of the Interstate, which it has thus far not completed. In his Proclamation, President Clinton wrote a description of the protected area, the area encompasses a functioning desert ecosystem with an extraordinary array of biological, scientific, and historic resources. The monument’s biological resources include a diversity of plant and animal species. The monument also contains many significant archaeological and historic sites, including rock art sites, lithic quarries, the most biologically diverse of the North American deserts. The Monument is home to federally listed endangered species. Media related to Sonoran Desert National Monument at Wikimedia Commons BLM−Bureau of Land Management, official Sonoran Desert National Monument website TopoQuest, USGS Estrella Topo Map
40.
Tonto National Forest
–
The Tonto National Forest, encompassing 2,873,200 acres, is the largest of the six national forests in Arizona and is the fifth largest national forest in the United States. The Tonto National Forest has diverse scenery, with elevations ranging from 1,400 feet in the Sonoran Desert to 7,400 feet in the pine forests of the Mogollon Rim. The Tonto National Forest is also the most visited urban forest in the United States, the boundaries of the Tonto National Forest are the Phoenix metropolitan area to the south, the Mogollon Rim to the north and the San Carlos and Fort Apache Indian Reservation to the east. The Tonto is managed by the USDA Forest Service and its headquarters are in Phoenix, there are local ranger district offices in Globe, Mesa, Payson, Roosevelt, Scottsdale, and Young. Tonto National Forest began charging fees in 1996 for daily. The Tonto Upgrade must be used in addition to an Interagency Pass for use of the recreation sites, Tonto Passes are available through online vendors at the Tonto National Forest recreation passes and permits web page. Daily and Half Price Daily Tonto Passes are now available for online, immediate printing at home. Passes are also available through local merchants. The Tonto Forest Reserve was established on October 3,1905 by the General Land Office, in 1906 the forest reserves were transferred to the U. S. Forest Service, and on March 4,1907 Tonto became a National Forest. On January 13,1908 the Pinal Mountains National Forest was added along with other lands, on July 1,1908 part of Black Mesa National Forest and other lands were added, and on July 1,1953 part of Crook National Forest was added
41.
1890 United States Census
–
The Eleventh United States Census was taken beginning June 2,1890. The data was tabulated by machine for the first time, the data reported that the distribution of the population had resulted in the disappearance of the American frontier. Data was entered on a machine readable medium, punched cards, the total population of 62,947,714, the family, or rough, count, was announced after only six weeks of processing. The public reaction to this tabulation was disbelief, as it was believed that the right answer was at least 75,000,000. The United States census of 1890 showed a total of 248,253 Native Americans living in America, down from 400,764 Native Americans identified in the census of 1850. The 1890 census announced that the region of the United States no longer existed. Up to and including the 1880 census, the country had a frontier of settlement, by 1890, isolated bodies of settlement had broken into the unsettled area to the extent that there was hardly a frontier line. This prompted Frederick Jackson Turner to develop his Frontier Thesis, the original data for the 1890 Census is no longer available. Almost all the schedules were damaged in a fire in the basement of the Commerce Building in Washington. Some 25% of the materials were presumed destroyed and another 50% damaged by smoke, the damage to the records led to an outcry for a permanent National Archives. The Librarian was asked by the Bureau to identify any records which should be retained for historical purposes, congress authorized destruction of that list of records on February 21,1933, and the surviving original 1890 census records were destroyed by government order by 1934 or 1935. The other censuses for which information has been lost are the 1800 and 1810 enumerations. Mayo-Smith, Richmond, The Eleventh Census of the United States
42.
1910 United States Census
–
The 1910 Census switched from a portrait page orientation to a landscape orientation. The column titles in the form are as follows, LOCATION. Number of dwelling house in order of visitation, Number of family in order of visitation. NAME of each person whose place of abode on April 15,1910, was in this family, enter surname first, then the given name and middle initial, if any. Include every person living on April 15,1910, omit children born since April 15,1910. Relationship of this person to the head of the family, whether single, married, widowed, or divorced. Number of years of present marriage, Mother of how many children, Number born. Mother of how children, Number now living. Place of birth of each person and parents of each person enumerated, if born in the United States, give the state or territory. If of foreign birth, give the country, place of birth of this Person. Place of birth of Father of this person, place of birth of Mother of this person. Year of immigration to the United States, whether able to speak English, or, if not, give language spoken. Trade or profession of, or particular kind of work done by person, as spinner, salesman, laborer. General nature of industry, business, or establishment in which this works, as cotton mill, dry goods store, farm. Whether as employer, employee, or work on own account, whether out of work on April 15,1910. Number of weeks out of work during year 1909, attended school any time since September 1,1909. Whether a survivor of the Union or Confederate Army or Navy, special Notation, In 1912, New Mexico and Arizona would become the 47th and 48th states admitted to the Union. The 1910 population count for each of these areas was 327,301 and 204,354 respectively
43.
1920 United States Census
–
In 1929, Congress passed the Reapportionment Act of 1929 which provided for a permanent method of reapportionment and fixed the number of Representatives at 435. The original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in the 1940s, the microfilmed census is available in rolls from the National Archives and Records Administration. Several organizations also host images of the census online. Microdata from the 1920 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files,1921 U. S Census Report Contains 1920 Census results Historic US Census data 1920 Census,1920 United States Census for Genealogy & Family History Research 1920 Census
44.
1930 United States Census
–
The original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in 1949, after which the original sheets were destroyed. The microfilmed census is located on 2,667 rolls of microfilm, several organizations also host images of the microfilmed census online, and digital indices. Microdata from the 1930 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System
45.
1940 United States Census
–
The census date of record was April 1,1940. A number of new questions were asked including where people were 5 years before, highest educational grade achieved and this census introduced sampling techniques, one in 20 people were asked additional questions on the census form. Other innovations included a field test of the census in 1939, the 1940 census collected the following information, In addition, a sample of individuals were asked additional questions covering age at first marriage, fertility, and other topics. Full documentation on the 1940 census, including forms and a procedural history, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Following completion of the census, the original sheets were microfilmed. As required by Title 13 of the U. S. Code, non-personally identifiable information Microdata from the 1940 census is freely available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Also, aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, on April 2, 2012—72 years after the census was taken—microfilmed images of the 1940 census enumeration sheets were released to the public by the National Archives and Records Administration. The records are indexed only by enumeration district upon initial release, several organizations are compiling indices, why the huge interest in the 1940 Census. 1940 Census Questions Hosted at CensusFinder. com
46.
1950 United States Census
–
Full documentation on the 1950 census, including census forms and a procedural history, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Microdata from the 1950 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, personally identifiable information will be available in 2022. Historic US Census data 1951 U. S Census Report Contains 1950 Census results
.svg){kind=small}
.svg){kind=small}
.svg){kind=small}
Geographic data related to Maricopa County, Arizona at OpenStreetMap
Geographic data related to 
Maricopa County, Arizona
