Marine weather forecasting is the process by which mariners and meteorological organizations attempt to forecast future weather conditions over the Earth's oceans. Mariners have had rules of thumb regarding the navigation around tropical cyclones for many years, dividing a storm into halves and sailing through the normally weaker and more navigable half of their circulation. Marine weather forecasts by various weather organizations can be traced back to the sinking of the Royal Charter in 1859 and the RMS Titanic in 1912.

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, the JMA is charged with gathering and providing results to the public that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation and research into natural phenomena in the fields of meteorology, hydrology, seismology, and volcanology, among other related scientific fields.