1.
WonderCon
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The convention will return to the Anaheim Convention Center in 2017. The convention was conceived by retailer John Barrett and originally held in the Oakland Convention Center, in 2003, it moved to San Franciscos Moscone Center. The shows original name was the Wonderful World of Comics Convention, the WonderCon logo was designed by Richard Bruning and Tim Zach. Retailer Joe Field and his partner Mike Friedrich owned and operated the convention for fifteen years, in 2001, they brokered a deal with the management team that runs the San Diego Comic-Con International to make it part of the Comic-Con International convention family. This gave the San Francisco show an audience and has made it a venue for previews and early screenings of major motion pictures. These have included Spider-Man 2 in 2004, Batman Begins and Fantastic Four in 2005, Superman Returns in 2006,300 in 2007, Watchmen in 2009, all of these events featured the stars of the films fielding questions from the audience. WonderCon had 34,000 attendees in 2009,39,000 in 2010, the show left the Bay Area after the 2011 con, because San Franciscos Moscone Center was being remodeled. The convention moved to Anaheim in 2012, and was rebranded WonderCon Anaheim, in 2016, a new convention started in the Bay Area, called the Silicon Valley Comic Con. WonderCon relocated from Anaheim to Los Angeles in 2016, and is now called WonderCon Los Angeles and was held March 25-27,2016 at the Los Angeles Convention Center, the 2017 edition of the convention returned to Anaheim and was held March 31-April 2,2017. While the main attraction of WonderCon has always been various retailers selling back issues of comic books and action figures, there is also an Artists Alley featuring mainly comic book artists selling artwork, signing books, and doing sketches, and mainstream celebrities signing autographed pictures. WonderCon hosted the Harvey Award ceremonies from 1997–1999, since 2007, academicians and comic industry professionals have held the Comics Arts Conference in conjunction with WonderCon. In addition, WonderCon features an event called Trailer Park, where trailers for upcoming films are shown, the WonderCon masquerade competition usually takes place on Saturday after the convention closes. Awards are given to those with the most creative performances, though anyone can participate, official website WonderCon feature on Sidewalks Entertainment WonderCon founders website
2.
Santa Monica, California
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Santa Monica is a beachfront city in western Los Angeles County, California, United States. The Census Bureau population for Santa Monica in 2010 was 89,736, due in part to an agreeable climate, Santa Monica became a famed resort town by the early 20th century. The city has experienced a boom since the late 1980s through the revitalization of its core, significant job growth. The Santa Monica Pier remains a popular and iconic destination, Santa Monica was long inhabited by the Tongva people. Santa Monica was called Kecheek in the Tongva language, the first non-indigenous group to set foot in the area was the party of explorer Gaspar de Portolà, who camped near the present-day intersection of Barrington and Ohio Avenues on August 3,1769. Named after the Christian saint Monica, there are two different accounts of how the name came to be. One says it was named in honor of the feast day of Saint Monica, another version says it was named by Juan Crespí on account of a pair of springs, the Kuruvungna Springs, that were reminiscent of the tears Saint Monica shed over her sons early impiety. In Los Angeles, several battles were fought by the Californios, following the Mexican–American War, Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which gave Mexicans and Californios living in state certain unalienable rights. US government sovereignty in California began on February 2,1848, in the 1870s the Los Angeles and Independence Railroad, connected Santa Monica with Los Angeles, and a wharf out into the bay. The first town hall was a modest 1873 brick building, later a beer hall and it is Santa Monicas oldest extant structure. By 1885, the towns first hotel was the Santa Monica Hotel, around the start of the 20th century, a growing population of Asian Americans lived in and around Santa Monica and Venice. A Japanese fishing village was near the Long Wharf while small numbers of Chinese lived or worked in Santa Monica, the two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans who were often well-disposed towards the Japanese but condescending towards the Chinese. The Japanese village fishermen were an economic part of the Santa Monica Bay community. Donald Wills Douglas, Sr. built a plant in 1922 at Clover Field for the Douglas Aircraft Company, in 1924, four Douglas-built planes took off from Clover Field to attempt the first aerial circumnavigation of the world. Two planes returned after covering 27,553 miles in 175 days, the Douglas Company kept facilities in the city until the 1960s. The Great Depression hit Santa Monica deeply, one report gives citywide employment in 1933 of just 1,000. Hotels and office building owners went bankrupt, in the 1930s, corruption infected Santa Monica. The federal Works Project Administration helped build several buildings, most notably City Hall, the main Post Office and Barnum Hall were also among other WPA projects
3.
Comics studies
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Comics studies is an academic field that focuses on comics and sequential art. Continental comics studies can trace its roots back to the work of such as Roland Barthes. This work has suggested similarities between the way that the brain processes language and the way it processes sequential images, cohns theories are not universally accepted with other scholars like Thierry Groensteen, Hannah Miodrag, and Barbara Postema offering alternative understandings. Theorists such as Töpffer, R. C, harvey, Will Eisner, David Carrier, Alain Rey, and Lawrence Grove emphasize the combination of text and images, though there are prominent examples of pantomime comics throughout its history. Other critics, such as Thierry Groensteen and Scott McCloud, have emphasized the primacy of sequences of images, composition studies theorists are looking at comics as sophisticated texts, and sites of complex literacy. Kristie S. Fleckenstein sees the relationship between image and text as mutually constitutive, mutually infused—a relationship she names imageword, Fleckenstein sees imageword as offering a double vision of writing-reading based on fusion of image and word, a double vision of literacy. Dale Jacobs sees the reading of comics as a form of literacy or multiliteracy. According to Jacobs, comics can help educators to move toward attending to multimodal literacies that shift our focus from print only to multiple modalities and he encourages educators to embrace a pedagogy that will give students skills to effectively negotiate these multiple modalities. Comics studies is becoming more common at academic institutions across the world. Some notable examples include, University of Florida, University of Toronto at Mississauga, west Liberty University is currently the only university offering a four-year undergraduate literature degree in comics studies. In Britain, growing interest in comics has led to the establishment of a center for comics studies, beside formal programs and degrees, it is common to see individual courses dedicated to comics and graphic novels in many educational institutions. The University of Lancaster started offering a PhD degree in studies in 2015. The same year French comics studies scholar Benoît Peeters was appointed as the UKs first ever comics professor at Lancaster University, since 2000 many new scholarly journals have appeared dedicated to comics studies. Three of the most important peer refereed journals in English are, Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics, Studies in Comics, although presentations dedicated to comics are commonplace at conferences in many fields, entire conferences dedicated to this subject are becoming more common. There have been conferences at SAIC, MMU, UTS, Georgetown, Ohio State, and Bowling Green, additionally, there is an annual Michigan State University Comics Forum, which brings together academics and professionals working in the industry. Notable regularly held movable conferences include the Comic Art and Comics Area of the Popular Culture Association of America, the Comics Arts Conference has met regularly since 1992 in conjunction with San Diego Comic-Con International and WonderCon. Another important conference is the annual International Graphic Novels and Comics Conference held since 2010 organized by British academics and this conference has been held in conjunction with the longer running International Bande Dessinée Society conference. Comics Forum, a UK-based community of international scholars, also holds an annual conference at Leeds Central Library
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Americans
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Americans are citizens of the United States of America. The country is home to people of different national origins. As a result, Americans do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, although citizens make up the majority of Americans, non-citizen residents, dual citizens, and expatriates may also claim an American identity. See Names for United States citizens. S, virgin Islands and Northern Mariana Islands in the 20th century. It also includes influences of African-American culture, westward expansion integrated the Creoles and Cajuns of Louisiana and the Hispanos of the Southwest and brought close contact with the culture of Mexico. Large-scale immigration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from Southern and Eastern Europe introduced a variety of elements, immigration from Asia, Africa, and Latin America has also had impact. A cultural melting pot, or pluralistic salad bowl, describes the way in which generations of Americans have celebrated and exchanged distinctive cultural characteristics, in addition to the United States, Americans and people of American descent can be found internationally. As many as seven million Americans are estimated to be living abroad, the United States of America is a diverse country, racially, and ethnically. Some other race is also an option in the census and other surveys, people of European descent, or White Americans, constitute the majority of the 308 million people living in the United States, with 72. 4% of the population in the 2010 United States Census. They are considered people who trace their ancestry to the peoples of Europe, the Middle East. Of those reporting to be White American,7,487,133 reported to be Multiracial, with largest combination being white, additionally, there are 29,184,290 White Hispanics or Latinos. Non-Hispanic Whites are the majority in 46 states, there are four minority-majority states, California, Texas, New Mexico, and Hawaii. In addition, the District of Columbia has a non-white majority, the state with the highest percentage of non-Hispanic White Americans is Maine. The largest continental ancestral group of Americans are that of Europeans who have origins in any of the peoples of Europe. This includes people via African, North American, Caribbean, Central American or South American and Oceanian nations that have a large European diaspora, the Spanish were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the United States. Martín de Argüelles born 1566, San Agustín, La Florida, was the first person of European descent born in what is now the United States. Twenty-one years later, Virginia Dare born 1587 Roanoke Island in present-day North Carolina, was the first child born in the Thirteen Colonies to English parents. 8% of the total population, Hispanic or Latino Americans constitute the largest ethnic minority in the United States. They form the second largest group after non-Hispanic Whites in the United States, hispanic/Latino Americans are very racially diverse, and as a result form an ethnic category, rather than a race
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Comic book
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A comic book or comicbook, also called comic magazine or simply comic, is a publication that consists of comic art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by brief descriptive prose and written narrative, although comics has some origins in 18th century Japan and 1830s Europe, comic books were first popularized in the United States during the 1930s. Comic books are reliant on their organization and appearance, authors largely focus on the frame of the page, size, orientation, and panel positions. These characteristic aspects of books are necessary in conveying the content. The key elements of comic books include panels, balloons, text, balloons are usually convex spatial containers of information that are related to a character using a tail element. The tail has an origin, path, tip, and pointed direction, there are many technological formulas used to create comic books, including directions, axes, data, and metrics. Following these key formatting procedures is the writing, drawing, Comics as a print medium have existed in America since the printing of The Adventures of Mr. Obadiah Oldbuck in 1842 in hardcover, making it the first known American prototype comic book. The introduction of Jerry Siegel and Joe Shusters Superman in 1938 turned comic books into a major industry, the Golden Age originated the archetype of the superhero. Historians generally divide the timeline of the American comic book into eras, the Golden Age of Comic Books began with the introduction of Superman in 1938, spurring a period of high sales. The Silver Age of comic books is considered to date from the first successful revival of the then-dormant superhero form. The demarcation between the Silver Age and the era, the Bronze Age of Comic Books, is less well-defined. The Modern Age of Comic Books runs from the mid-1980s to the present day, in response to attention from the government and from the media, the U. S. comic book industry set up the Comics Magazine Association of America. The CMAA instilled the Comics Code Authority in 1954 and drafted the self-censorship Comics Code that year and it was not until the 1970s that comic books could be published without passing through the inspection of the CMAA. In the early 1970s, a surge of creativity emerged in what known as underground comix. Published and distributed independently of the comics industry, most of such comics reflected the youth counterculture. Underground comics were almost never sold at newsstands, but rather in such youth-oriented outlets as head shops and record stores, frank Stacks The Adventures of Jesus, published under the name Foolbert Sturgeon, has been credited as the first underground comic. The rise of comic book specialty stores in the late 1970s created/paralleled a dedicated market for independent or alternative comics in the U. S, some independent comics continued in the tradition of underground comics. A few represented experimental attempts to bring closer to the status of fine art
6.
Blackhawk (DC Comics)
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Blackhawk is the eponymous fictional character of the long-running comic book series Blackhawk published first by Quality Comics and later by DC Comics. Primarily created by Chuck Cuidera with input from both Bob Powell and Will Eisner, the Blackhawk characters first appeared in Military Comics #1, though the membership roster has undergone changes over the years, the team has been portrayed most consistently as having seven core members. At the height of his popularity in the early 1940s, Blackhawk titles routinely outsold every other comic book, Blackhawk also shares the unique distinction of being just one of four comic book characters to be published continuously in his own title from the 1940s through the 1960s. The comic series has spawned a film serial, a radio series, like many of his golden age and silver age comic book counterparts, the creation of Blackhawk has been the subject of sometimes-contentious debate. Will Eisner has at times considered the characters primary creator, with Eisner himself acknowledging the contributions of Chuck Cuidera. Over the years, Cuidera became increasingly vocal that he did more work on Blackhawk than Eisner. According to Cuidera, he and Powell fleshed out the concept, deciding on everything from names and nationalities, to the distinguishing traits, uniforms. In 1999, Eisner addressed his view of the matter during a Comic-Con panel, Its not important who created it. its the guy who kept it going, whether or not Chuck Cuidera created or thought of Blackhawk to begin with is unimportant. The fact that Chuck Cuidera made Blackhawk what it was is the important thing, the Blackhawks debuted in August 1941 as the lead feature in the first issue of Quality Comics anthology series Military Comics, billed as featuring stories of the Army and Navy. Viewed by Will Eisner as a version of the Robin Hood legend. When Cuidera joined the services in 1942, Reed Crandall took over as artist. Jim Steranko has observed, Where Cuidera made Blackhawk a best-seller, Crandall turned it into a classic and it was during Crandalls run that the series hit its sales and popularity zenith. The Blackhawks success earned them their own title in Winter 1944 and that issue, Blackhawk #9, picked up the numbering of Qualitys canceled Uncle Sam Quarterly. They meanwhile continued to be featured prominently in Military Comics, later renamed Modern Comics and it was French, also an accomplished songwriter, who infused the team with the quirky desire to sing celebratory songs from their cockpits as they swooped in and out of battle. Quality Comics ceased operations with comics cover-dated December 1956, with Blackhawk #107 being the issue published by Quality. The character and title trademarks were initially leased on a royalty basis to National Periodical Publications before eventually being sold in their entirety, Blackhawk was one of the few Quality series that DC chose to keep running uninterrupted. Penciller Dick Dillin and inker Chuck Cuidera remained on the title, the duo would stay with the title through nearly its entire first run at DC. The Blackhawks also gained a new ally in Blackhawk #133, Lady Blackhawk, after a couple of appearances, she was granted honorary status and became a semi-frequent member of the supporting cast
7.
The DNAgents
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The DNAgents is a comic-book series created by writer Mark Evanier and artist Will Meugniot and published by Eclipse Comics in 1983. It was later picked up briefly by Antarctic Press, in June 2006, reprinted issues were collected into DNAgents Volume 1. The series centers on a team of superheroes created through genetic engineering by the Matrix Corporation, mike Friedrich served as an agent for Evanier and Meugniot, submitting The DNAgents to five different publishers. The DNAgents reappeared in a cameo The Savage Dragon #41, tank, Super-strong, wore heavy body armor to regulate and augment his strength. Surge, He could fire blasts of lightning, very short-tempered, since she was exposed to so many peoples inner thoughts, she was the most sophisticated member of the group, and was involved in nude modeling. Amber, She could project disks of electromagnetic energy as shields, since he had no innate attack powers, he was also trained as a commando. Insecure and attached to his family, numerous allusions were made to Sham being the most powerful of the DNAgents, including his kidnapping and use as a power-source for the villain Mega Man. Crossfire, another Eclipse comic of the era written by Mark Evanier, was a frequent guest character, in issue #13, an attempt to create a new DNAgent resulted in Snafu, who later became a pet to Sham. At the end of stories, the homage/parody teams sacrificed themselves to save the main heroes. In 1986 a sourcebook was printed by Fantasy Games Unlimited for using the characters with their Villains and this book also contained conversion notes for Champions and Superworld RPGs. DNAgents Profiles at InternationalHero Mark Evaniers homepage, News Frome ME Presenting, DNAgents Super Special
8.
Richie Rich (1980 TV series)
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The series shared time slots with Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo, The Little Rascals, Pac-Man and Monchhichis over its original four-year broadcast run. In 1988, the series was re-broadcast as part of the programming block The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera. This show details the adventures of Richie Rich, his family. Richie Richs adventures are sorted into different segments, Richie Rich Riches – This segment deals with threats to the Rich family or more specifically Richie, Richie Rich Treasure Chest – Segments that revolve around Dollar and/or Cadbury. Richie Rich Gems – Short segments for humor like the Wing Dings of Dastardly, Richie Rich Zillion Dollar Adventures – This segment deals with Richie Rich and his friends fighting master criminals, aliens, and other threats to the world. In the comics, he wears a suit with a red bow tie. Gloria is shown as the age as Richie and wears a white long-sleeved blouse, purple sweater or sweater vest. Dollar is more anthropomorphized with Walter Mitty-like fantasies, Irona the Robot Maid is given a greater presence in the series with additional duties as Richies personal bodyguard as seen in the Zillion Dollar Adventures segments. To fulfill that role, Irona can convert her body into various modes as necessary. For instance, the moment she receives a summons from Richie, she would change her body into a jet plane mode and immediately fly to the boy. The Richie Rich/Scooby-Doo Show The Pac-Man/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show On May 20,2008, Warner Home Video released The Richie Rich/Scooby-Doo Show, Richie Rich at the Internet Movie Database
9.
Scooby-Doo
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Scooby-Doo is an American animated cartoon franchise, comprising several animated television series produced from 1969 to the present day. The original series, Scooby-Doo, Where Are You. was created for Hanna-Barbera Productions by writers Joe Ruby, following the success of the original series, Hanna-Barbera and its successor Warner Bros. –produced theatrical feature films. Scooby-Doo was originally broadcast on CBS from 1969 to 1975, when it moved to ABC, ABC aired the show until canceling it in 1986, and presented a spin-off featuring the characters as children, A Pup Named Scooby-Doo, from 1988 until 1991. New Scooby-Doo series aired as part of Kids WB on The WB Network and its successor, The CW Network, Mystery Incorporated aired on Cartoon Network from 2010 to 2013, and Be Cool, Scooby-Doo. Debuted on Cartoon Network in 2015, repeats of the various Scooby-Doo series are broadcast frequently on Cartoon Network and its sister channel Boomerang in the United States as well as other countries. In 2013, TV Guide ranked Scooby-Doo the fifth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time, in 1968, parent-run organizations, particularly Action for Childrens Television, began to protest about what they perceived as excessive violence in Saturday morning cartoons. Members of these served as advisers to Hanna-Barbera and other animation studios to ensure that their new programs would be safe for children. The result was The Archie Show, based upon Bob Montanas teenage humor comic book Archie, also successful were the musical numbers The Archies performed during each program. When The Mysteries Five were not performing at gigs, they were out solving spooky mysteries involving ghosts, zombies, Ruby and Spears were unable to decide whether Too Much would be a large cowardly dog or a small feisty dog. Silverman rejected their initial pitch, and after consulting with Barbera on next steps, lead character designer Takamoto, while designing the characters, consulted a studio colleague who happened to be a breeder of Great Danes. Ruby and Spears second pass at the show used Dobie Gillis as the template for the rather than Archie. The treatment retained the dog Too Much, while reducing the number of teenagers to four, removing the Mike character and retaining Geoff, Kelly, Linda, and W. W. As their personalities were modified, so were the names, Geoff became Ronnie – later renamed Fred, Kelly became Daphne, Linda Velma. The teens were now based on four characters from The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, Dobie Gillis, Thalia Menninger, Zelda Gilroy and Maynard G. Krebs. The revised show was re-pitched to Silverman, who liked the material but, disliking the title Mysteries Five, Silverman presented Whos S-S-Scared. to the CBS executives as the centerpiece for the upcoming 1969–70 seasons Saturday morning cartoon block. CBS president Frank Stanton felt that the artwork was too scary for young viewers and, thinking the show would be the same. The rock band element was dropped, and more attention was focused upon Shaggy, the revised show was re-presented to CBS executives, who approved it for production. Made its CBS network debut on Saturday, September 13,1969 with its first episode, Scoobys speech patterns closely resembled an earlier cartoon dog, Astro from The Jetsons, also voiced by Messick
10.
The Garfield Show
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The Garfield Show is a French-American CGI animated television series. Returning from Garfield and Friends are the voice actors Julie Payne, Frank Welker replaces Lorenzo Music as the voice of Garfield, and Wally Wingert replaces Thom Huge as the voice of Jon Arbuckle. Also returning is David Lander, reprising his role as Doc Boy from the earlier Garfield prime-time special A Garfield Christmas Special, the show is produced by Dargaud Media and Paws Inc. The show is directed by Philippe Vidal and the music is composed by Laurent Bertaud, the show is currently on hiatus. Everyones favorite fat cat Garfield returns to television in this new CG animated cartoon, to celebrate his 30th anniversary, every one of your favorite characters return too. Jon, Odie, Arlene, Nermal, and more return in the new series as well, the show features very loose continuity and is set in a different universe to the previous Garfield cartoon, Garfield and Friends however the show sometimes makes references to the previous one. Unlike the previous cartoon, Liz is now considered a character and has official relationship with Jon to reflect their current status in the comic strip. Unlike Garfield and Friends the U. S, acres segments and characters are omitted. The Garfield Show is a CGI series that started development in 2007 to coincide with the strips 30th anniversary the following year premiering in France the following year. Following the previous animated series of Garfield that debuted in 1988, Lorenzo Music was replaced by Frank Welker in this series due to Musics death in 2001 while Wally Wingert replaced Thom Huge as Jon and Jason Marsden replaced Desirée Goyette as Nermal. Garfield Odie Jon Arbuckle Nermal Arlene Dr. Liz Wilson Pooky Squeak Eddie Gourmand - a famous food critic. His opinion on restaurants has an impact on their success. He often crosses paths with Garfield, as they both enjoy Vitos cooking, Dr. Whipple - a recurring antagonist who while helping others is usually out of his own gain. He is a parody of Dr. Phil McGraw, Doc Boy Doc Arbuckle - Jons brother who owns a farm. Jon always teases him by calling him Doc Boy much to his irritation, aunt Ivy - Jon and Doc Boys bossy aunt that often harasses Jon whenever she comes to visit. She doesnt like anything and likewise it is hard to find anything that likes her, vito Cappelletti - an Italian chef who owns his own restaurant. Vito is an ambiguous character either highly appreciating Garfield for saving his business often or determined to prevent Garfield from stealing his lasagna or pizza. Harry - a stray cat that lives in Garfields neighbourhood, harry is another ambiguous character that is sometimes acts as Garfields friend and sometimes antagonizes him
11.
Groo the Wanderer
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Groo the Wanderer is a fantasy/comedy comic book series written and drawn by Sergio Aragonés, rewritten, co-plotted and edited by Mark Evanier, lettered by Stan Sakai and colored by Tom Luth. Over the years it has published by Pacific Comics, Eclipse Comics, Marvel Comics, Image Comics. In 2011 IGN ranked Groo 100th in the Top 100 comic books heroes, Groo first appeared as a parody of the brutal sword and sorcery heroes who were popular at the time of his creation in the 1970s, especially Conan the Barbarian as presented in Marvel Comics. Groo is a buffoon of unsurpassed stupidity who constantly misunderstands his surroundings. Possessed of superlative skills in swordsmanship he delights in combat but otherwise is a peaceable and he is incredibly accident-prone, and despite generally good intentions causes mass destruction wherever he goes. Most of his adventures end with him either oblivious to the mayhem he has wrought or fleeing an angry mob and his penchant for destruction has become so widely known that just the news of Groo approaching is sometimes enough to cause chaos among the population. Groo occasionally meets with respect and good fortune, but it does not last, businesses, towns, civilizations and cultures have all been unwittingly destroyed by Groo. Such is Groos incompetence that so much as stepping onto a ship can cause it to sink, Groo has slain entire armies with nothing more than his swords, which appear to be a pair of katanas. Groo loves these frays, as he calls them, and often charges into the melee with a cry of Now Groo does what Groo does best. He is indiscriminate in the use of his skills, usually leaping into battle before attempting to ascertain the reasons for the fight. Even when Groo does join battle intending to fight for a side, he is prone to forget which side he is on. In his travels, Groo has encountered thousands of characters, Arba and Dakarba, a pair of witches who have suffered much trying to take advantage of Groo. They have repeatedly been stripped of their powers because of him and their names, when put together, spell abra-kadabra backwards. Arcadio, a warrior with an especially pronounced chin, who is considered the greatest hero of his time. He has often enlisted Groo as his lackey, and while Groo has succeeded in his quests time and again, chakaal, a beautiful female warrior who is Groos equal in swordplay. Chakaal is strong, noble, and wise, and Groo is madly in love with her and she is as well known as a hero and skilled warrior as Groo is for being a walking disaster, and travels the land seeking people in need of her help. Granny Groo often tries to use her grandson to aid her in her moneymaking schemes, grativo the Wizard, who often punishes Arba and Dakarba for their failures. While she greatly resembles her brother, the two of them are different, Grooella is a Queen
12.
Jack Kirby
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Jack Kirby, born Jacob Kurtzberg, was an American comic book artist, writer, and editor, widely regarded as one of the mediums major innovators and one of its most prolific and influential creators. Kirby grew up in New York City, and learned to draw cartoon figures by tracing characters from comic strips and he entered the nascent comics industry in the 1930s, drawing various comics features under different pen names, including Jack Curtiss, before ultimately settling on Jack Kirby. In 1940, he and writer-editor Joe Simon created the highly successful superhero character Captain America for Timely Comics, during the 1940s, Kirby, generally teamed with Simon, created numerous characters for that company and for National Comics Publications, later to become DC Comics. After serving in World War II, Kirby produced work for a number of publishers, including DC, Harvey Comics, at Crestwood Publications he and Simon created the genre of romance comics and later founded their own short-lived comic company, Mainline Publications. Ultimately, Kirby found himself at Timelys 1950s iteration, Atlas Comics, there, in the 1960s, Kirby and writer-editor Stan Lee co-created many of the companys major characters, including the Fantastic Four, the X-Men, and the Hulk. The Lee-Kirby titles garnered high sales and critical acclaim, but in 1970, feeling he had been treated unfairly, at DC, Kirby created his Fourth World saga, which spanned several comics titles. While these series proved unsuccessful and were canceled, the Fourth Worlds New Gods have continued as a significant part of the DC Universe. Kirby returned to Marvel briefly in the mid-to-late 1970s, then ventured into television animation, Kirby was married to Rosalind Roz Goldstein in 1942. They had four children, and remained married until his death from heart failure in 1994, the Jack Kirby Awards and Jack Kirby Hall of Fame were named in his honor. Jack Kirby was born Jacob Kurtzberg on August 28,1917, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City and his parents, Rose and Benjamin Kurtzberg, were Austrian Jewish immigrants, and his father earned a living as a garment factory worker. In his youth, Kirby desired to escape his neighborhood and he liked to draw, and sought out places he could learn more about art. He was rejected by the Educational Alliance because he drew too fast with charcoal and he later found an outlet for his skills by drawing cartoons for the newspaper of the Boys Brotherhood Republic, a miniature city on East 3rd Street where street kids ran their own government. At age 14, Kirby enrolled at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, I wasnt the kind of student that Pratt was looking for. They wanted people who would work on something forever, I didnt want to work on any project forever. I intended to get things done, Kirby joined the Lincoln Newspaper Syndicate in 1936, working there on newspaper comic strips and on single-panel advice cartoons such as Your Health Comes First. He remained until late 1939, when he began working for the animation company Fleischer Studios as an inbetweener on Popeye cartoons. I went from Lincoln to Fleischer, he recalled, from Fleischer I had to get out in a hurry because I couldnt take that kind of thing, describing it as a factory in a sense, like my fathers factory. Around that time, the American comic book industry was booming, Kirby began writing and drawing for the comic-book packager Eisner & Iger, one of a handful of firms creating comics on demand for publishers
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Jews
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The Jews, also known as the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group originating from the Israelites, or Hebrews, of the Ancient Near East. Jews originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, the Merneptah Stele appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel, associated with the god El, somewhere in Canaan as far back as the 13th century BCE. The Israelites, as an outgrowth of the Canaanite population, consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, some consider that these Canaanite sedentary Israelites melded with incoming nomadic groups known as Hebrews. The worldwide Jewish population reached a peak of 16.7 million prior to World War II, but approximately 6 million Jews were systematically murdered during the Holocaust. Since then the population has risen again, and as of 2015 was estimated at 14.3 million by the Berman Jewish DataBank. According to the report, about 43% of all Jews reside in Israel and these numbers include all those who self-identified as Jews in a socio-demographic study or were identified as such by a respondent in the same household. The exact world Jewish population, however, is difficult to measure, Israel is the only country where Jews form a majority of the population. The modern State of Israel was established as a Jewish state and defines itself as such in its Declaration of Independence and its Law of Return grants the right of citizenship to any Jew who requests it. The English word Jew continues Middle English Gyw, Iewe, according to the Hebrew Bible, the name of both the tribe and kingdom derive from Judah, the fourth son of Jacob. The Hebrew word for Jew, יְהוּדִי ISO 259-3 Yhudi, is pronounced, with the stress on the syllable, in Israeli Hebrew. The Ladino name is ג׳ודיו, Djudio, ג׳ודיוס, Djudios, Yiddish, ייִד Yid, ייִדן, Yidn. The etymological equivalent is in use in languages, e. g. but derivations of the word Hebrew are also in use to describe a Jew, e. g. in Italian. The German word Jude is pronounced, the corresponding adjective jüdisch is the origin of the word Yiddish, in such contexts Jewish is the only acceptable possibility. Some people, however, have become so wary of this construction that they have extended the stigma to any use of Jew as a noun, a factual reconstruction for the origin of the Jews is a difficult and complex endeavor. It requires examining at least 3,000 years of ancient human history using documents in vast quantities, as archaeological discovery relies upon researchers and scholars from diverse disciplines, the goal is to interpret all of the factual data, focusing on the most consistent theory. In this case, it is complicated by long standing politics and religious, Jacob and his family migrated to Ancient Egypt after being invited to live with Jacobs son Joseph by the Pharaoh himself. The patriarchs descendants were later enslaved until the Exodus led by Moses, traditionally dated to the 13th century BCE, Modern archaeology has largely discarded the historicity of the Patriarchs and of the Exodus story, with it being reframed as constituting the Israelites inspiring national myth narrative. The growth of Yahweh-centric belief, along with a number of practices, gradually gave rise to a distinct Israelite ethnic group
14.
Internal Revenue Service
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The Internal Revenue Service is the revenue service of the United States federal government. The IRS is responsible for collecting taxes and administering the Internal Revenue Code and its duty to maximize tax revenue entails providing tax assistance to taxpayers, as well as pursuing and resolving instances of erroneous or fraudulent tax filings. The IRS has also overseen various benefits programs, and enforces portions of the Affordable Care Act. The IRS originated with the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, an office created in 1862 to assess the nations first income tax. The temporary measure provided over a fifth of the Unions war expenses and was allowed to expire a decade later, in 1913, the Sixteenth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution was ratified authorizing Congress to impose a tax on income, in the 1950s, the agency was renamed the Internal Revenue Service and significantly reorganized. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 modernized the IRS and restructured it along a private sector model, in the 2015 fiscal year, the IRS processed almost 240 million returns and collected approximately $3.3 trillion in revenue, spending 35¢ for every $100 it collected. The Revenue Act of 1862 was passed as an emergency and temporary war-time tax and it copied a relatively new British system of income taxation, instead of trade and property taxation. The first income tax was passed in 1862, The initial rate was 3% on income over $800, in 1862 the rate was 3% on income between $600 and $10,000, and 5% on income over $10,000. In 1864 the rate was 5% on income between $600 and $5,000,7. 5% on income $5, 000–10,000, and 10% on income $10,000 and above. By the end of the war, 10% of Union households had paid some form of tax. After the Civil War, Reconstruction, railroads, and transforming the North and South war machines towards peacetime required public funding, however, in 1872, seven years after the war, lawmakers allowed the temporary Civil War income tax to expire. Income taxes evolved, but in 1894 the Supreme Court declared the Income Tax of 1894 unconstitutional in Pollock v. Farmers Loan & Trust Co. a decision that contradicted Hylton v. United States, the federal government scrambled to raise money. In 1906, with the election of President Theodore Roosevelt, and later his successor William Howard Taft, by February 1913,36 states had ratified the change to the Constitution. It was further ratified by six states by March. Of the 48 states at the time,42 ratified it, connecticut, Rhode Island, and Utah rejected the amendment, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Florida did not take up the issue. A copy of the very first IRS1040 form, dated 1913, in the first year after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment, no taxes were collected—instead, taxpayers simply completed the form and the IRS checked it for accuracy. The IRSs workload jumped by ten-fold, triggering a massive restructuring, professional tax collectors began to replace a system of patronage appointments
15.
The Dick Van Dyke Show
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The Dick Van Dyke Show is an American television sitcom that initially aired on CBS from October 3,1961 to June 1,1966, with a total of 158 half-hour episodes spanning over five seasons. The show was created by Carl Reiner and starred Dick Van Dyke, Rose Marie, Morey Amsterdam, Larry Mathews and it centered on the work and home life of television comedy writer Rob Petrie. The show was produced by Reiner with Bill Persky and Sam Denoff, the music for the shows theme song was written by Earle Hagen. The series won 15 Emmy Awards, in 1997, the episodes Coast-to-Coast Big Mouth and It May Look Like a Walnut were ranked at 8 and 15 respectively on TV Guides 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time. In 2002, it was ranked at 13 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time and in 2013, the two main settings show the work and home life of Rob Petrie, the head writer of a comedy/variety show produced in Manhattan. Viewers are given a look at how a television show was written. Many scenes deal with Rob and his co-writers, Buddy Sorrell, Mel Cooley, a balding straight man and recipient of numerous insulting one-liners from Buddy, was the shows producer and the brother-in-law of the shows star, Alan Brady. As Rob, Buddy, and Sally write for a comedy show, Other scenes focus on the home life of Rob, his wife Laura, and son Richie, who live at 148 Bonnie Meadow Road in suburban New Rochelle, New York. Also often seen are their neighbors and best friends, Jerry Helper, a dentist. In the pilot, Carl Reiner, who created the show based on his own experiences as a TV writer, played Robbie Petrie, with a long first e, the pilot was unsuccessful, which led Reiner to rework the show with Dick Van Dyke playing the central character. The pilot was subsequently the basis of the series episode Father of the Week. Reiner considered moving the production of the series to full color as early as three, only to drop the idea when he was informed that it would add about $7,000 to the cost of each episode. On December 11,2016, two episodes from the series were presented on CBS-TV colorized, the Last Chapter was the last episode that aired, The Gunslinger was the last episode filmed. Main, Robert Simpson Rob Petrie – head writer for The Alan Brady Show, the role of Rob Petrie was almost given to Johnny Carson, but Sheldon Leonard, the shows executive producer, suggested Van Dyke. As a 17-year-old dancer in the United Service Organizations, she met, then, she became a stay-at-home mom. About 60 actresses auditioned for the part before Moore was signed, Moore later wrote that she almost skipped the audition. Maurice Buddy Sorrell – an energetic and at times sarcastic human joke machine, one of the comedy writers, Amsterdam was recommended for the role by Rose Marie as soon as she had signed on to the series. Buddy is constantly making fun of Mel Cooley, the producer, for being bald
16.
University High School (Los Angeles)
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University High School, commonly known as Uni, is a secondary school located in West Los Angeles, a district in Los Angeles, California, near the border of Santa Monica. University High is part of the Los Angeles Unified School District, the campus also holds Indian Springs Continuation High School. The school contains the Serra Springs, a site of the Tongva–Gabrieleño people. While under construction it was known as Sawtelle High School, but it opened as Warren G. Harding High School when built in 1924, after U. S. President Warren G. Harding, who had recently died. The school was renamed in 1929 after UCLA moved its campus from East Hollywood to Westwood, the name University is supposed to have originated because it became a site where teachers-in-training from nearby UCLA worked as assistant teachers. The original administration building was designed by the firm Russell & Alpaugh, the style which was chosen recalls the Romanesque of Northern Italy. The administration building once displayed an octagonal tower and a portico, an original cafeteria building was located where the current cafeteria and theater stand today. Although the gymnasium and a beautiful and widely admired auditorium were condemned following the 1971 Sylmar earthquake, the music building and gym have been scheduled to be taken down because they sit on a fault line and therefore against district policy. As of July 2010, the building is gone. Music classes have been moved to another unused room near the top of the school, the gym was still in use while, on the south end of the campus, in what was formerly a student parking lot, a new gym facility was under construction in 2010. The current football stadium, last rebuilt following the 1994 Northridge earthquake, is named in honor of Jackie Robinson, Uni is one of a very few pre-World War II high schools in Los Angeles whose buildings have been at least partially spared by three major earthquakes since its inception. The main building presents a traditional and dignified appearance, with weathered brick and arched doorways. One-third of its class of 1942 did not graduate because of the internment of Japanese-Americans, in fall 2007, some neighborhoods zoned to Hamilton High School were rezoned to University High School. In 2009 Mitchell Landsberg of the Los Angeles Times stated that the school was struggling to regain its reputation as a center of excellence and that year, as part of a grant program, the Academy of Engineering was established at the school. For the entire 88-year history of University High, the field had been without stadium lights until they were installed in the Spring of 2012. Located on Unis campus are the Serra Springs, California Historical Landmark #522, the springs are found at two separate locations on campus. The larger is now closed off from the rest of the campus and is under the care of the Gabrielino/Tongva Springs Foundation. Prior to its being fenced off, the surrounding the springs and pond into which its waters feed was popular among the students as a place to meet
17.
Disney comics
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Disney comics are comic books and comic strips featuring Walt Disney characters. The first Disney comics were newspaper strips appearing from 1930 on, in 1940, Western Publishing began producing Disney comic books in the United States. The most notable American Disney comics books are Walt Disneys Comics and Stories, in recent decades, Disney comics have seen a decline of popularity in their country of origin. In the rest of the world Disney comics have very successful. The first Disney comics appeared in newspapers, syndicated by King Features with production done in-house by a Disney comic strip department at the studio. The Mickey Mouse daily comic strip began on January 13,1930, featuring Mickey as an optimistic and it was initially written by Walt Disney with art by Ub Iwerks and Win Smith. Beginning with the May 5,1930 installment the art chores were taken up by Floyd Gottfredson, Gottfredson continued with the strip until 1975. A Sunday strip started January 10,1932 with a topper Silly Symphony strip, Silly Symphony initially related the adventures of Bucky Bug, the first Disney character to originate in the comics. It subsequently printed adaptations of some of the Symphony cartoons, several extended periods of stories involving Pluto and Little Hiawatha along with adaptations of Snow White, by late 1935 the strip was a standalone half-page, not strictly a topper for the Mickey Sunday. Donald Duck made his first comics appearance in the Silly Symphony adaptation of the 1934 Disney short The Wise Little Hen. As Donalds popularity grew, he became the star of the Silly Symphony strip for an extended run, a Donald Sunday strip was begun December 10,1939. An oddity is in the 1930s a Disney strip was done seemingly outside the purview of the Strip Dept. for a national audience and it was created by Fred Spencer, an animator at the studio. Entitled Mickey Mouse Chapter, it appeared in the International DeMolay Cordon the monthly newsletter of Demolay beginning with its Dec.1932 issue through May 1933 and this was a two tier black and white strip depicting happenings in the Demolay Chapter formed by Mickey and his barnyard friends. Spencer and Walt Disney were both members of Demolay, while the last installment promised the series would return in the Sept.1933 issue without explanation it did not. The extant installments have been reprinted as part of the first volume of Sunday Mickey Mouse comic strips by Floyd Gottfredson published in 2013 by Fantagraphics, the Silly Symphony Sunday-only strip ended July 12,1942. This was replaced with an adaptation of Bambi, after the conclusion of which a José Carioca Sunday only strip was launched which ran until it in turn was replaced by Uncle Remus in 1945, greg Crosby headed the department from 1979 to 1989. Besides the strips described above the other Disney strips distributed over the included, Uncle Remus. Treasury of Classic Tales True Life Adventures Scamp Mickey Mouse and His Friends, advance publicity for the strip noted Greenes participation and the strip carried the byline By Ward Greene
18.
Gold Key Comics
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Gold Key Comics was an imprint of Western Publishing created for comic books distributed to newsstands. Also known as Whitman Comics, Gold Key operated from 1962 to 1984, within a year they had reverted to using inked panel borders and oval balloons. In 1967, Gold Key reprinted a number of selected issues of their comics under the title Top Comics which were sold in bags containing five comics at gas stations. Like Dell, Gold Key was one of the few major American publishers of comic books never to display the Comics Code Authority seal on its covers. Gold Key featured a number of licensed properties and several titles, including a number of publications that spun off from Dells Four Color series. It was also the first company to publish books based upon Star Trek. Therefore, it simplified the procedure to do the first issue as an adaptation and they couldnt very well complain that a plot taken from the show was inappropriate. The stable of writers and artists built up by Western Publishing during the Dell Comics era mostly continued into the Gold Key era, in the mid-1960s a number of artists were recruited by the newly formed Disney Studio Program and thereafter divided their output between the Disney Program and Western. Writer/artist Russ Manning and editor Chase Craig launched the Magnus, Robot Fighter series in 1963, dan Spiegle worked on Space Family Robinson, The Green Hornet, The Invaders, Korak, Son of Tarzan, Brothers of the Spear, and many of Gold Keys mystery/occult titles. Glut created and wrote several series including The Occult Files of Dr. Spektor, Dagar the Invincible, and Tragg, also in the 1970s, writer Bob Gregory started drawing stories, mostly for Daisy and Donald. Artist/writer Frank Miller had his first published comic book artwork in The Twilight Zone for Gold Key in 1978. Diana Gabaldon began her writing for Gold Key, initially sending a query that stated I’ve been reading your comics for the last 25 years. I’m not sure if I could do better myself, but I’d like to try, editor Del Connell provided a script sample and bought her second submission. Among the comics he wrote for were The Flintstones, Uncle Scrooge, Daffy Duck, Bugs Bunny, The Three Stooges, and Woody Woodpecker. One of Gold Keys editors at the time told Mark Evanier, Leo writes stories and he tells us that if they come out good, they go to us and if they dont, they go to DC. I assume he tells DC the opposite, editor Frank Tedeschi, who left in 1973 for a job in book publishing, helped bring in such new comics professionals as Walt Simonson, Gerry Boudreau, and John David Warner. The comics industry experienced a downswing in the 1970s and Gold Key was among the hardest hit and it is also alleged by Carmine Infantino that in the mid-to-late 1960s DC Comics attempted to pressure Gold Key from the comics business through sheer weight of output. In this period, Gold Key experimented with digests with some success, Western, at one point, also distributed bagged comics from its rival DC Comics under the Whitman logo
19.
Edgar Rice Burroughs
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Edgar Rice Burroughs was an American writer best known for his creations of the jungle hero Tarzan and the heroic Mars adventurer John Carter, although he produced works in many genres. Burroughs was born on September 1,1875, in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Major George Tyler Burroughs, a businessman and Civil War veteran. His middle name is from his grandmother, Mary Rice Burroughs. Burroughs was of almost entirely English ancestry, with a line that had been in North America since the early colonial era. Through his grandmother Mary Rice, he was descended from Edmund Rice and he once remarked, I can trace my ancestry back to Deacon Edmund Rice. The Burroughs side of the family was also of English origin, many of his ancestors fought in the American Revolution. He had other ancestors who settled in Virginia during the colonial period, Burroughs was educated at a number of local schools, and during the Chicago influenza epidemic in 1891, he spent half a year at his brothers ranch on the Raft River in Idaho. He then attended Phillips Academy, in Andover, Massachusetts, graduating in 1895, and failing the entrance exam for the United States Military Academy at West Point, he became an enlisted soldier with the 7th U. S. Cavalry in Fort Grant, Arizona Territory. After being diagnosed with a problem and thus ineligible to serve. After his discharge, Burroughs worked a number of different jobs and he drifted and worked on a ranch in Idaho. He found work at his fathers firm in 1899 and he married his childhood sweetheart, Emma Hulbert, in January 1900. In 1904, he left his job and worked regularly, first in Idaho. By 1911, after seven years of low wages, he was working as a pencil-sharpener wholesaler, by this time, he and Emma had two children, Joan, who later married the Tarzan film actor James Pierce, and Hulbert. During this period, he had spare time and began reading pulp fiction magazines. In 1929 he recalled thinking that. if people were paid for writing rot such as I read in some of those magazines, in 1913, Burroughs and Emma had their third and last child, John Coleman Burroughs, later known for his illustrations of his fathers books. In the 1920s Burroughs became a pilot, purchased a Security Airster S-1, Burroughs divorced Emma in 1934, and in 1935 he married the former actress Florence Gilbert Dearholt, the former wife of his friend Ashton Dearholt. Burroughs adopted the Dearholts two children and he and Florence divorced in 1942. Burroughs was in his late 60s and was in Honolulu at the time of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
20.
The Nancy Walker Show
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The Nancy Walker Show is an American sitcom that aired on ABC from September 30,1976 to December 23,1976. Walker portrayed Nancy Kitteridge, owner of the Nancy Kitteridge Talent Agency in Los Angeles, during the two months that Ken was home, he and Nancy found themselves as newlyweds madly in love. Nancy and Ken had a daughter, slow-witted hypochondriac Lorraine. Nancy never had to worry about anything more developing between them, since Terry was gay. However, all this happiness was soon marred when unexpectedly, Ken decided to come home full-time, needless to say, Nancy was aghast, and their fast repartee and squabbles were a centerpiece of the comedy. Lorraine and Glen often dropped by to help them sort their disagreements out, also seen were hot-shot network TV executive Teddy Futterman, who met with Nancy whenever one of her clients had a shot at further stardom, and Futtermans precocious young son, Michael. ABC did, indeed, drop the series after 10 episodes, and Walker was quickly hired by Garry Marshall to star in his upcoming sitcom Blanskys Beauties, a spin-off from his top-rated Happy Days. Production on the new series started so soon that Blanskys Beauties premiered on February 12,1977, Walker also had time to film a guest appearance as her new character, Nancy Blansky on an episode of Happy Days in order to validate Blanskys as a spin-off of the former. Blanskys Beauties also failed in the ratings, and was cancelled in the spring of 1977, thus, Walker is one of the few actors in television to have starred in two failed vehicles in the same season. After her infamous season at ABC, Walker returned to her role as Ida Morgenstern on Rhoda in the fall of 1977. Two cast members of The Nancy Walker Show worked with Norman Lear more than once in their careers, james Cromwell was previously seen as Stretch Cunningham, a poker buddy of Archie Bunker, in a number of episodes of All in the Family during 1974. Child actor Sparky Marcus would be cast in Lears controversial soap opera parody Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman mentions the show in episode 178, saying she wishes it was still on the air when she learned about her gay neighbours. Brooks, Tim and Marsh, Earle, The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows The Nancy Walker Show at the Internet Movie Database
21.
Welcome Back, Kotter
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Welcome Back, Kotter is an American sitcom starring Gabe Kaplan as a wisecracking high school teacher in charge of a racially and ethnically diverse remedial class called the Sweathogs. It marked John Travoltas television debut role, recorded in front of a live studio audience, it originally aired on ABC from September 9,1975, to May 17,1979. Kotters class is held in Room 11, the schools principal is referred to, but rarely seen on-screen. The rigid vice principal, Michael Woodman, dismisses the Sweathogs as witless hoodlums, as a former remedial student, and a founding member of the original class of Sweathogs, Kotter befriends the current Sweathogs and stimulates their potential. A pupil-teacher rapport is formed, and the students often visit Kotters Bensonhurst apartment, sometimes via the window, much to the chagrin of his wife. The fictional James Buchanan High is based on the Brooklyn high school that Kaplan attended in real life, New Utrecht High School, which is also shown in the opening credits. Played by Gabe Kaplan Gabe Kotter is a flippant, but well-meaning teacher who returns to his alma mater, Buchanan High, being a founding member of the original Sweathogs, Kotter has a special understanding of the potential of these supposedly unteachable students. On his first day on the job, he launches into a Groucho Marx impersonation, Kotter is married to Julie, with whom he eventually has twin girls, Robin and Rachel. It was confirmed by Julie in the episode Follow the Leader that Gabe is Jewish, during season four, Kaplan had contract issues with the executive producer, and only appeared in a handful of episodes. In season four, the invisible principal John Lazarus retires, though he is said to maintain some social studies teaching duties, most of that seasons shows are filmed outside his classroom, or if in room 11, Mr. Woodman is teaching. To minimize Kotters absence, scenes were shot in either the schools hallway, played by Marcia Strassman Julie Kotter is Gabes wife and closest friend. Though she has a sense of humor, she often wishes Gabe would take more seriously. Originally from Nebraska, with a degree in anthropology, Julie eventually became a secretary. She makes several references to her world famous tuna casserole, a meal at the Kotter dinner table, which Gabe. Played by John Sylvester White Michael Woodman is the curmudgeonly vice-principal of Buchanan High and he makes no secret of his dislike for the Sweathogs, whom he considers the bottom of the social register at his school. He refers to non-Sweathogs as real students, when Kotter was a student at Buchanan, Woodman taught social studies, the same class Kotter returns to Buchanan to teach. His old age, and sometimes his height, are common jokes with the Sweathogs. Woodman was totally against Kotters unorthodox teaching methods, and at one point even put Kotter in front of the review board in an unsuccessful attempt to have him fired
22.
Roy Thomas
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Roy William Thomas, Jr. is an American comic book writer and editor, who was Stan Lees first successor as editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics. Thomas was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2011, Thomas was born in Jackson, Missouri, United States. As a child, he was a comic book fan. The first of these was All-Giant Comics, which he recalls as having featured such characters as Elephant Giant and he graduated from Southeast Missouri State University in 1961 with a BS in Education, having majored in history and social science. Thomas, then a high school English teacher, took over as editor in 1964 when Bails moved on to other pursuits. Letters from him appeared regularly in the pages of both DC and Marvel Comics, including The Flash #116, Fantastic Four #5, Fantastic Four #15. In 1965, Thomas moved to New York City to take a job at DC Comics as assistant to Mort Weisinger, Thomas had already written a Jimmy Olsen script a few months before, while still living and teaching in the St. Louis area, he said in 2005. I worked at DC for eight days in late June and very early July of 1965 before accepting a job at Marvel Comics, the Marvel Bullpen Bulletins in Fantastic Four #61 describes Thomas admitting that he gave up a scholarship to George Washington University just to write for Marvel. Familiar with editor and chief writer Stan Lees Marvel work, and feeling them the most vital comics around, Thomas just sat down one night at the hotel and – I wrote him a letter. Not applying for a job or anything so mundane as that – I just said that I admired his work, I figured he just might remember me from Alter Ego. Lee did, and phoned Thomas to offer him a Marvel writing test, the writers test, Thomas said in 1998, was four Jack Kirby pages from Fantastic Four Annual #2. Had Sol or someone take out the dialogue, other people like Denny ONeil and Gary Friedrich took it. But soon afterwards we stopped using it, the day after taking the test, Thomas was at DC, proofreading a Supergirl story, when Steinberg called asking Thomas to meet with Lee during lunch, where Thomas agreed to work for Marvel. His employment was announced in the Bullpen Bulletins section of Fantastic Four #47 under the heading How About That, Thomas later described his early days at Marvel, I was hired after taking writers test, and my first official job title at Marvel was staff writer. I wasnt hired as an editor or assistant editor, I was supposed to come in 40 hours a week and write scripts on staff. I sat at this corrugated metal desk with a typewriter in an office with production manager Sol Brodsky. Everybody who came up to Marvel wound up there, and the phone was constantly ringing, with conversations going on all around me. Almost at once, even though Stan proofed all the stories, he and Sol started having me check the corrections before they went out
23.
Joe Sinnott
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Joe Sinnott is an American comic book artist. Working primarily as an inker, Sinnott is best known for his stint on Marvel Comics Fantastic Four, from 1965 to 1981. During his 60 years as a Marvel freelancer and then salaried artist working from home, Sinnott inked virtually every title, with notable runs on The Avengers, The Defenders. I knew I couldnt satisfy everyone and I had to save the very most important strips for, to most pencilers, having Joe Sinnott ink their artwork was tantamount to grabbing the brass ring. Sinnott, who as of 2012 continues to ink the The Amazing Spider-Man Sunday comic strip, had his art appear on two US Postal Service commemorative stamps in 2007. He grew up in a house that catered primarily to schoolteachers. His childhood comics influences include the comic strip Terry and the Pirates, after serving with the Seabees in Okinawa during World War II, driving a munitions truck, he was discharged in May 1946. After working three years in his fathers cement-manufacturing plant, he was accepted into the Cartoonists and Illustrators School in New York City in March 1949, Sinnotts first solo professional art job was the backup feature Trudi in the St. John Publications humor comic Mopsy #12. Later, during a school vacation in August 1950, he married his fiancée Betty Kirlauski. Cartoonists and Illustrators School instructor Tom Gill asked Sinnott to be his assistant on Gills freelance comics work, with classmate Norman Steinberg, Sinnott spent nine months drawing backgrounds and incidentals on, initially, Gills Western-movie tie-in comics for Dell Comics. Sinnott recalled in 1992 taking the Long Island Rail Road every weekend and he said in 2003, Tom was paying us very well. I was still attending school and worked for Tom at nights and weekends, with night work added after he tired of commuting to Long Island and began working my room on 75th Street for $7 a week. Sinnott in 1992 recalled his earliest work for Gill being the Western comic Red Warrior and later including Kent Blake of the Secret Service, Tom would do all of the heads. Wed do the backgrounds and the figures, but since they were Toms accounts, I did this for about nine months. It was great learning, he said, adding, I can never have enough good to say about Tom Gill, so I went over to see Stan and he gave me a script right away. Due to creator credits not generally being given at the time and he said in 2003, I used to go up and sit in a little reading room with four or five other artists. It got so that every week I went up, the guys would be in the room. Bob Powell, Gene Colan, people like that, I got to talking to them
24.
Stan Goldberg
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He was inducted into the National Cartoonists Society Hall of Fame in 2011. Goldberg was born in The Bronx, New York City, on May 5,1932 and he graduated from the School of Industrial Art high school in Manhattan. In 1949, Goldberg began work in the field as a staff colorist for Marvels 1940s predecessor, Timely Comics. Two years later, Goldberg became the coloring-department manager, in that capacity, he said, he colored not just interiors, but also every cover the rest of the decade for Timelys successor, Atlas Comics. Additionally, Goldberg drew stories for Atlas horror comics and other titles, as he recalled in the mid-2000s of the Atlas staff, I was in the Bullpen with a lot of well-known artists who worked up there at that time. We had our Bullpen up there until about 1958 or 59, who actually worked nine-to-five and put in a regular day, and not the freelance guys whod come in a drop off their work. Were almost a hall of fame group of people, there was the all-time great Joe Maneely. We all worked together, all the colorists and correction guys, Goldberg went freelance in 1958, and also enrolled in New York Citys School of Visual Arts to study TV storyboarding and where one instructor was influential Batman artist Jerry Robinson. Other Marvel colorists of that era — all of whom, like Goldberg, worked uncredited at that time — included George Roussos, Marie Severin, and, on his own work only, writer-artist Jim Steranko. Goldberg recalled in the mid-2000s that Stan Lee, Marvels editor in chief was writing Fantastic Four, The Amazing Spider-Man, I was doing the initial coloring on all those books, I was creating the color schemes on all those characters. As a penciler and inker, Goldberg found his niche drawing in the style established by Dan DeCarlo for the various Marvel humor titles starring teens. After starting with Kathy the Teenage Tornado, Goldberg moved on to the long-running and he would eventually co-plot these humor stories with writer-editor Lee. Some Marvel humor stories with art credited to Sol Brodsky may have been Goldbergs work, but they were all at least pencilled by Stan Goldberg. At the time, Stan was doing work for the Archie Comics people. So when Stan drew teen comics for Marvel, they put Brodskys name on them in the hope that the Archie editors wouldnt know it was him. Goldberg stopped freelancing for Marvel in 1969, and for three years drew the DC Comics teen titles Date with Debbie, Swing with Scooter and Binky, from 1975 until 1980, Goldberg drew the Archie Sunday newspaper comic strip. The following year, he drew the Archie gang for the cover of the Long Island weekly newspaper Dans Papers and he penciled a six-page Betty story, Ill Take Manhattan, published August 17,2003, in The New York Times Fashion of the Times magazine supplement. Beginning in 2012, he began illustrating childrens graphic novels starring Nancy Drew and that year he also drew an anti-bullying educational comic, Rise Above, for the organization Rise Above Social Issues
25.
Big Apple Comic Con
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The Big Apple Comic Con is a New York City comic book convention, the longest-running comic book/science fiction/fantasy/horror/pop culture convention in New York City. It was started by retailer Michael Mike Carbo Carbonaro in March 1996 in the basement of the Church of St. Paul the Apostle. During its heyday from 2001–2008, the Big Apple Comic Con often featured multiple shows per year, with a large national convention held in November. The show was owned by Wizard Entertainment from 2009 to 2013, after the shows acquisition by Wizard Entertainment, the convention was known as the Wizard World Big Apple Comic Con, and as the Wizard World New York City Experience. In 2014, the name Big Apple Convention was revived by Carbonaro for a show scheduled for March 7,2015, the convention features a large floorspace for exhibitors, including comic book dealers and collectibles merchants. The show includes an area, as well as the Artists Alley where comics artists can sign autographs. In 2009, Michael Carbonaro established his own independent one-day convention known as the New York Comic Book Marketplace which ran annually through 2014, from 1993-1995, promoter Frederic Greenberg began hosting Great Eastern Conventions shows annually at venues including the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center. Other companies, including Dynamic Forces, held New York City conventions, changes in the industry, popular culture, and the resurgent city itself since the troubled 1960s and 70s made large-scale comic-book conventions difficult to hold profitably. Jonah Weiland of ComicBookResources. com also noted that, dealing with the various convention unions made it difficult for most groups to get a show off the ground. As a substitute event, comic book retailers Carbonaro and Vincent Zurzuolo on the spur of the moment mounted the first Big Apple Convention in the basement of the Church of St. Paul the Apostle. Their show attracted over 4,000 attendees, most of whom had been planning to attend the scheduled Great Eastern Show, after the success of the initial 1996 show, Big Apple scheduled six separate conventions for 1997. In 1998, Big Apple held two conventions, a two-day September show and an affair in October. In 1999 there was a March show and the three-day National show held in November,2000 followed the same pattern. Over the years, these small shows attracted many comics creators and pop-culture figures,2001 was a big year for Big Apple, with five conventions spread throughout the year. In 2002 four shows were held, and in 2003 Big Apple put on six separate conventions, in 2003, Captain Zorikh Lequidre began running the costume contest, which became well known for its audience-participation judging. By 2004, the convention had moved to the Penn Plaza Pavilion at the Hotel Pennsylvania, at this point, show organizers claimed to have attracted over 30,000 attendees throughout the year. In 2005, Big Apple put on five shows, repeating pattern in 2006. By 2008, the frequency of Big Apple Conventions was slowing down, the last show before Wizards purchase of Big Apple was a June Summer Sizzler,2009 was also the final year there were multiple Big Apple Conventions held
26.
Hanna-Barbera
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Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. was an American animation studio that dominated American television animation for over three decades in the mid 20th century. In late 1966, it was sold to Taft Broadcasting and spent two decades as its subsidiary and it is officially considered the very first major animation studio to successfully produce cartoons exclusively for television. For their achievements, Hanna and Barbera together won seven Academy Awards, eight Emmy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, the pair was also inducted into the Television Academy Hall of Fame in 1993. Hanna-Barberas fortunes declined in the mid-1980s when the profitability of Saturday morning cartoons was eclipsed by weekday afternoon syndication, in late 1991, the animation studio was purchased from Taft by Turner Broadcasting System, who used much of its back catalog to program its new channel, Cartoon Network. After Turner purchased the company, Hanna and Barbera continued to serve as creative consultants, Turner merged with Time Warner in 1996 and the studio became a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Animation, into which Hanna-Barbera was absorbed after Hanna died in 2001, Cartoon Network Studios continued the projects for the channels output. Barbera went on to work for Warner Bros, Animation until his death in 2006. As of 2017, the studio exists as a unit used to market properties and productions associated with the Hanna-Barbera library. Melrose, New Mexico native William Hanna and New York City-born of Italian heritage Joseph Barbera first met while working at the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio in 1939. Their first directorial production and collaboration was the Academy Award-nominated Puss Gets the Boot, Hanna and Barbera served as directors of the shorts for over 20 years, with Barbera in charge of the stories and pre-production and Hanna in charge of supervising the animation. Hanna also provided the screams, yelps and yells for Tom Cat, in addition to the series being nominated for twelve more Oscars, seven of the cartoons won the Academy Award for Best Short Subject between 1943 and 1953. The trophies were awarded to their producer Fred Quimby, who was not involved in the development of the shorts. In addition to their work on the cartoons, the two men moonlighted on outside projects, including the title sequences and commercials for the CBS sitcom I Love Lucy. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer decided in early 1957 to close its cartoon studio, as it felt it had acquired a reasonable backlog of shorts for re-release, Hanna and Barbera, contemplating their future while completing the final Tom and Jerry cartoons, began producing animated TV commercials. During their last year at MGM, they developed a concept for an animated TV program about a dog, a coin toss determined that Hanna would have precedence in the naming the new studio. Harry Cohn, president and head of Columbia Pictures, took an 18 percent ownership in Hanna and Barberas new company, H-B Enterprises, Screen Gems became the new studios distributor and its licensing agent, handling merchandizing of the characters from the animated programs. Sidney and several Screen Gems alumni became members of the board of directors. H-B Enterprises was one of the first American cartoon studios to produce cartoons specifically for TV broadcast
27.
Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo (1979 TV series)
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The original thirty-minute version of Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo constitutes the fourth incarnation of the Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning cartoon Scooby-Doo. It premiered on September 22,1979 and ran for one season on ABC as a half-hour program, a total of sixteen episodes were produced. It was the last Hanna-Barbera cartoon series to use the laugh track. By 1979, the staff at Hanna-Barbera realized that the Scooby-Doo formula was getting worn out, in addition, ABC began threatening cancellation for the show, whose ratings were in decline. Although still present in these episodes, the characters of Fred, Daphne, and Velma became less essential to the plot, and Shaggy, Scooby and Scrappy were the main focus. Marla Frumkin took over Pat Stevens role as Velma Dinkley towards the end of the season, beginning with episode 12, The Ghoul, the Bat, and the Ugly. Velma does not speak in episode 16, The Ransom of Scooby Chief as she, Fred, like many animated series created by Hanna-Barbera in the 1970s, the show contained a laugh track created by the studio. Retrieved from http, //www. clivebanks. co. uk/Scooby-Doo/Scooby-Doo%20Series%205. htm on September 4,2005, retrieved from http, //www. execulink. com/~joelb/scooby/doobydoo. htm on September 3,2005. Retrieved from http, //www. bcdb. com/cartoons/Hanna-Barbera_Studios/index. html on September 3,2005, the Cartoon Scrapbook – Profile on Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo
28.
Thundarr the Barbarian
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Thundarr the Barbarian is an American Saturday morning animated series, created by Steve Gerber and produced by Ruby-Spears Productions. The series ran two seasons,1980 and 1981, action figures of the three main characters were released by Toynami in 2004. C. Other episodes with recognizable settings are located in Mexico, while one is in London, another notable feature of this future Earth is that the Moon was broken in two pieces. However, by the period in which the series is set. Earth is reborn in a world of savagery, super-science, some of these malevolent wizards enlist the service of certain mutant species in doing their bidding. Other enemies include The Brotherhood of Night, the cosmic Stalker from The Stars, intelligent humanoid-animal races include the rat-like Groundlings, the crocodile-like Carocs, and talking hawk and pig-like mutants. New animals that existed include fire-shooting whales, a giant green snake with a bear head. Thundarrs weapon of choice, the Sunsword, projects a beam of energy when activated. The Sunswords energy blade can deflect other energy attacks as well as ones, can cut through nearly anything. The Sunsword is magically linked to Thundarr and as such, only he can use it, however, comic book writer-artist Jack Kirby worked on the production design for the show. The main characters were designed by comic book writer-artist Alex Toth. Toth, however, was unavailable to continue working on the show, so most of the wizards and other villains and he was brought onto the show at the recommendation of comic writer Steve Gerber and Mark Evanier. The series was the creation of Steve Gerber, Gerber and friend Martin Pasko were having dinner in the Westwood area one night during the time Gerber was developing the series. Gerber commented to Pasko that he had not yet decided upon a name for the Wookiee-like character the network insisted be added to the series, as the two walked past the gate to the UCLA campus, Pasko quipped, Why not call him Oo-clah. Pasko later became one of several screenwriters also known for their work in comics, such as Roy Thomas and Gerry Conway, after writing several scripts, singly and in collaboration with Gerber, Pasko became a story editor on the second season. Other writers included Buzz Dixon and Mark Jones, the series narrator was Dick Tufeld. Thundarr – The main protagonist of the series and he is a barbarian who was once a slave to Sabian until he was freed by Princess Ariel and given the Sunsword which he uses as a weapon in his fight against evil wizards and other villains. Thundarr was known for frequently uttering such pronouncements as Demon dogs, lords of Light. and the Thundarr war-cry Aaaaahh-ee
29.
ABC Weekend Special
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The ABC Weekend Special is a weekly 30-minute anthology TV series for children that aired Saturday mornings on ABC from 1977 to 1997. It featured a variety of stories that were both live-action and animated. Beginning in 1979, the series was hosted by Michael Young, in 1984, the puppet character Capn O. G. Readmore took over as host of the series, along with Jon Bowzer Bauman. The character also starred in five animated episodes of the show, during the series tenure on Saturday Mornings, ABC Weekend Specials had three main opening title sequence packages, all of which included storybook/literary elements and characters in varying forms. Listed by original airdate, however many of the episodes were put into heavy rotation,14 episodes,11 episodes,12 episodes,8 episodes,6 episodes,9 episodes,9 episodes,8 episodes,9 episodes,9 episodes, Capn O. G. Readmore Meets Little Red Riding Hood —1988. Apr.02 Here Come the Littles —1988. Apr.23 Here Come the Littles —1988. Apr.30 Here Come the Littles —1988. May.07 Capn O. G. The Big Lie —1992. Jan.25 Capn O. G, Readmore Meets Chicken Little —1992. Apr.18 The Kingdom Chums, Original Top Ten —1992. May.02 McGee and Me. Two ABCs Wide World of Sports for Kids specials were produced in 1994. The Great Alaska Dog Sled Race —1993. Mar.06 Rhythm and Jam, Rhythm & Rap —1993. Sep.18 Rhythm and Jam, Melody & Harmony —1993. Sep.25 Kids on Ice, A Skating Adventure
30.
The Wuzzles
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The Wuzzles is an animated television series created for Saturday morning television, and was first broadcast on September 14,1985 on CBS. An idea of Michael Eisner for his new Disney television animation studio, the original thirteen episodes ran on CBS for their first run. The Wuzzles features a variety of short, rounded animal characters, each is a roughly even, and colorful, mix of two different animal species, and all the characters sport wings on their backs, although only Bumblelion and Butterbear are seemingly capable of flight. All of the Wuzzles live on the Isle of Wuz, double species are not limited to the Wuzzles themselves. From the appleberries they eat to the telephonograph in the home, or a home called a castlescraper. The characters in the show were marketed extensively, the characters were featured in childrens books, as poseable figures and plush toys, and in a board game. However, The Wuzzles ended production after its initial run largely due to the death of Bill Scott. However, Scott was also the voice of Gruffi Gummi, Sir Tuxford, and Toadwart on Gummi Bears and Corey Burton and Carmel took over those roles. CBS cancelled the show, and ABC picked it up and showed reruns during the 1986-1987 season and it was a bigger success in the United Kingdom, where the pilot episode aired as a theatrical featurette in 1986 alongside a re-release of Disneys Bambi. Reruns of the show were aired on both The Disney Channel and Toon Disney, songwriter Stephen Geyer performs the lead vocal and composed the theme song for The Wuzzles. The Narrator, The never-seen narrator welcomes the viewer to the Land of Wuz, Bumblelion, Half bumblebee and half lion, Bumblelion is mostly lion in appearance. He is a short, squat orange furred creature with a mane, fuzzy antennae, a lions tail, small insect wings. He lives in a beehive, likes sports, is courageous and he is said to be the sort who rush in where angels fear to tread. He and Eleroo are best friends, Butterbear, Half bear and half butterfly, Butterbear is mostly bear in appearance. She has yellow fur with a white tummy, larger wings than the other Wuzzles and she is a keen gardener who is gentle and patient despite the crazy adventures of her friends. Eleroo, Half elephant and half kangaroo, one of the larger Wuzzles, Eleroo is purple, with the body shape and tail of a kangaroo and an elephants trunk and ears. He has a horizontally striped pouch, Eleroo has trouble remembering what he stores in his pouch. He is sweet, but accident/disaster prone and he and Bumblelion are best friends
31.
Dungeons & Dragons (TV series)
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Dungeons & Dragons is an American animated television series based on TSRs Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game. A co-production of Marvel Productions and TSR, the show ran from 1983 through 1985 for three seasons on CBS for a total of twenty-seven episodes. The Japanese company Toei Animation did the animation for this series, the show focused on a group of six friends who are transported into the titular realm and followed their adventures as they tried to find a way home with the help of their guide Dungeon Master. A final un-produced episode would have served as a conclusion as well as a re-imagining had the series picked up for a fourth season. However, the show was cancelled before the episode was made, the script can be found from various sources online and was performed as an audio drama as a special feature for the BCI Eclipse DVD edition of the series. The show focuses on a group of friends aged between 8-15 who are sucked into the Realm of Dungeons & Dragons by taking a dark ride on an amusement park roller coaster. Upon arriving in the realm they meet Dungeon Master who gives each child a magical item, the childrens main goal is to find a way home, but they often take detours to help people, or find that their fates are intertwined with that of others. The group come across many different enemies, but their primary antagonist is Venger, Venger is a powerful wizard who wishes to rule the realm and believes the power from the childrens weapons will help him to do so. Another recurring villain is Tiamat, who is a five-headed dragon, throughout the show, a connection is suggested between Dungeon Master and Venger. Hank, the Ranger, At 15, he is the oldest of the gang, along with Eric, Hank is a brave and noble individual, maintaining a focus and determination, even when presented with grave danger. Hank is a Ranger, with a bow that shoots arrows of glowing energy. These arrows could be used in different ways such as a climbing tool, to hurt enemies. Eric, the Cavalier, The cavalier is the spoiled child, on the surface, Eric is the big-mouthed coward of the show, and he also fulfills the role of the comic relief character. Despite his cowardice and reluctance, Eric has a well-hidden heroic core, and frequently saves his friends from danger with his magical shield, in one episode, he is even granted the powers of the Dungeon Master, and manages this duty quite successfully. Sheila, the Thief, As the thief, Sheila has a cloak which. Although Shelia is often shy and nervous with a fear of loneliness, she will always display bravery when her friends are in trouble, especially her younger brother. Sheila is also the first to point out the flaws or dangers of the groups plans, Diana, the Acrobat, Diana is a beautiful and brave 14-year-old girl. She is an acrobat, and an outspoken and tomboyish member of the group, furthermore, if the staff is broken apart, Diana simply has to touch the severed pieces together at their break point and they will reunite
32.
June Foray
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Her career has encompassed radio, theatrical shorts, feature films, television, record albums, video games, talking toys, and other media. Foray was also one of the members of ASIFA-Hollywood, the society devoted to promoting and encouraging animation. She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame honoring her work in television. June Foray was born as June Lucille Forer on September 18,1917 in Springfield, Massachusetts, the family resided at 75 Orange Street. Her voice was first broadcast in a radio drama when she was 12 years old, by age 15. After entering radio through the WBZA Players, Foray starred in her own radio series Lady Make Believe in the late 1930s and she soon became a popular voice actress, with regular appearances on coast-to-coast network shows including Lux Radio Theater and The Jimmy Durante Show. On radio, Foray did the voices of Midnight the Cat and Old Grandie the Piano on The Buster Brown Program and she later did voices on the Mutual Network program Smile Time for Steve Allen. Her work in radio ultimately led her to recording for a number of albums for Capitol Records. She also did a variety of voices in Walter Lantzs Woody Woodpecker cartoons, including Woodys nephew and niece, Knothead, impressed by her performance as Witch Hazel, in 1954 Chuck Jones invited her over to Warner Brothers Cartoons. For Warner Brothers, she was Granny, owner of Tweety and Sylvester, like most of Warner Brothers voice actors at the time, Foray was not credited for her roles in these cartoons. Chuck Jones is reported to have said, June Foray is not the female Mel Blanc and she played Bubbles on The Super 6 and, on How the Grinch Stole Christmas, voiced Cindy Lou Who, asking Santa why hes taking their tree. In 1960, she provided the voice for Mattels original Chatty Cathy doll, Foray worked for Hanna-Barbera, including on Tom and Jerry, Scooby-Doo, Where Are You. The Jetsons, The Flintstones and many other shows, in 1959, she auditioned for the part of Betty Rubble on The Flintstones, but the part went to Bea Benaderet, Foray described herself as terribly disappointed at not getting to play Betty. She has done voice acting for Stan Frebergs commercials, albums. She also appeared in several Rankin/Bass TV specials in the 1960s and 1970s, voicing the young Karen and she also voiced all the female roles in Rikki-Tikki-Tavi, including the villainous cobra Nagaina. In the mid-1960s, she devoted to the preservation and promotion of animation and has since written numerous magazine articles about animation. In 1988, she was awarded the Bob Clampett Humanitarian Award, Foray was the first recipient of the award. In 2007, Foray became a contributor to ASIFA-Hollywoods Animation Archive Project, in 2011, Roz Ryan voiced Witch Lezah in The Looney Tunes Show, opposite June Foray as Granny
33.
Vince Colletta
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This included a few landmark early issues of Marvel Comics Fantastic Four, and a long, celebrated run on the character Thor in Journey into Mystery and The Mighty Thor. He settled in Brooklyn, New York City, where his wife, the family then moved to New Jersey and opened an Italian market, severing any ties to the Mafia. The following year he began his collaboration with Marvel, at the companys 1950s iteration. Collettas work also appeared in genres as jungle adventure and horror/fantasy. His last confirmed work for decades was I Cant Marry Now in Love Diary #6. Collettas first confirmed work as an inker of another artists pencils is unknown, historians pinpoint Collettas first inking of Jack Kirbys pencils as either the cover of Kid Colt, Outlaw #100 or, the cover of Love Romances #98. Members of artist Wally Woods studio were among those who assisted or ghosted on Collettas mid-1960s Charlton stories, as an inker for Marvel in the 1960s, Colletta worked on nearly every title, including some of the earliest issues of Daredevil. Colletta began his run on Kirbys The Mighty Thor feature with the Tales of Asgard backup in Journey into Mystery #106. Colletta graduated to the feature with #116. Colletta also inked Journey into Mystery Annual #1, which introduced Hercules to the Marvel universe, historians and critics consider Collettas Thor work to be his creative highlight. Historian Nick Simon said, For me, the Kirby/Colletta version of Thor is the definitive one, author and Silver Age of Comic Books historian Pierre Comtois wrote that. Be that as it may, what Colletta chose to keep, Colletta would also pencil stories in many 1960s issues of Charlton Comics Teen-Age Love and First Kiss. He occasionally inked romance stories penciled by Joe Sinnott, and other pencilers on such titles as Charltons Gunmaster, and Dell Comics Guerrilla War, Jungle War Stories, and Western series Idaho. While Collettas rates were good and he brought an innocent Marvel Age look to Jacks new heroes, he was prone to erasing background characters and transforming ustling crowd scenes easier silhouettes. Kirby confidante Mark Evanier and inker Wally Wood eventually convinced a reluctant Kirby to ask DC Publisher Carmine Infantino to remove Colletta from inking Kirbys titles. He was replaced by inker Mike Royer, causing fans to write to DC in complaint. Collettas frequent assistant Art Cappello did much of the inking on these comics. He was named DCs art director in May 1976, resigning the post in May 1979 and his time there included discovering future industry star Frank Miller
34.
Bob Newhart
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George Robert Bob Newhart is an American stand-up comedian and actor. The follow-up album, The Button-Down Mind Strikes Back. was also a success. Newhart later went into acting, starring in The Bob Newhart Show during the 1970s and he also had two short-lived sitcoms in the 1990s titled Bob and George and Leo. Newhart also appeared in roles such as Major Major in Catch-22. He provided the voice of Bernard in the Walt Disney animated films The Rescuers, in 2004 he played the library head Judson in The Librarian, a character which continued in 2014 to the TV series The Librarians. In 2013, Newhart made his first of four guest appearances on The Big Bang Theory, on February 20,2015, Newhart was honored with the Publicists of the International Cinematographers Guild Lifetime Achievement Award. Newhart was born on September 5,1929, in Oak Park and his parents were George David Newhart, a part-owner of a plumbing and heating-supply business, and Julia Pauline, a housewife. His mother was of Irish descent and his father was of English, Irish, one of his grandmothers was from St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. Newhart has three sisters, Virginia, Mary Joan, and Pauline, Newhart was educated at Roman Catholic schools in the Chicago area, including St. Catherine of Siena grammar school in Oak Park, and attended St. Ignatius College Prep, graduating in 1947. He then enrolled at Loyola University of Chicago from which he graduated in 1952 with a degree in business management. Newhart was drafted into the United States Army and served in the United States during the Korean War as a manager until being discharged in 1954. Newhart briefly attended Loyola University Chicago School of Law but did not complete a degree, in part, he says, after the war, Newhart got a job as an accountant for United States Gypsum. He later said that his motto, Thats close enough, in 1958, Newhart became an advertising copywriter for Fred A. Niles, a major independent film and television producer in Chicago. It was here that he and a co-worker would entertain each other with long telephone calls about absurd scenarios, when his co-worker ended his participation, Newhart continued the recordings alone, developing the shtick which was to serve him well for decades. In addition to his various stand-up bits, he incorporated that shtick into his series at appropriate times. The auditions led to his first recording contract, a disc jockey at a radio station - Dan Sorkin, who later became the announcer-sidekick on his NBC series — introduced Newhart to the head of talent at Warner Bros. Records, which signed him in 1959—only a year after the label was formed—based solely on those recordings and he expanded his material into a stand-up routine which he began to perform at nightclubs. Newhart became famous mostly on the strength of his audio releases, Newharts routine was to portray one end of a conversation, playing the comedic straight man and implying what the other person was saying
35.
CBS
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CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
36.
Crossfire (Eclipse comics)
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Crossfire is a comic book series created by writer Mark Evanier and artist Dan Spiegle originally for Eclipse Comics. It was a spin off from DNAgents, which was written by Evanier. Endicott decided to use the costume to fight crime as a superhero while impersonating the original to take advantage of his reputation to secure, the original Crossfire, Jeff Baker, first appeared in DNAgents #4. Jay Endicott first appeared in DNAgents #9, in an early adventure, Endicott met the DNAgents and fell in love with their member, Rainbow. The series originally ran for 26 issues, but sold poorly and this prompted a change of format from color to black and white printing to reduce expense. In turn, the took a more realistic tone to the stories such as Endicott having to make do with only his mask after he was forced to destroy the rest of his costume to escape police custody. In 1994 Antarctic Press published a one shot flip book DNAgents Super Special that included a new Crossfire story by Evanier, about Comics in 2004 released a black and white digest size collection of the first five issues under the title Crossfire Volume 1, Hollywood Hero. The plans to produce further volumes were shelved due to conditions in the comic book market at the time. The series had a new 8-page story in the first issue of Many Happy Returns from About Comics in March 2008, Crossfire on Mark Evaniers personal website
37.
Hollywood Superstars
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Thematically, it is similar to an early series by the same team, Crossfire, published by Eclipse Comics, but without the superhero element. Together, they run a detective agency in Hollywood, where they deal with various crises such as irresponsible professionals who recklessly endanger innocents in the making of films. In keeping with the teams tradition, Evanier also posted lengthy essays about the entertainment industry with color illustrations by famed cartoonist. Furthermore, Goodwin anticipated running the series for 1–2 years, possibly at a small loss, furthermore, the stories would be later bound in trade paperbacks for sale in book stores, its a retail concept that would become regular practice in subsequent decades. Unfortunately, the arrangements with Marvels legal team took 10 months to develop a contract with Evanier. By then, Goodwin had moved to DC Comics and the current editorship had no interest in marketing material beyond their mainstream comics audience, Hollywood Superstars on Mark Evaniers personal website
38.
Will Meugniot
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Will Meugniot is an American writer, storyboard and comics artist, film producer and director. He is known for his work on animated shows in the 1990s and 2000s. O. P. S, defenders of the Earth Denver the Last Dinosaur Diabolik The DNAgents Exosquad Earthworm Jim Galtar and the Golden Lance Godzilla G. I. Joe, A Real American Hero G. I, joe, Valor vs. Venom Jana of the Jungle Jem Jonnys Golden Quest Jonny Quest vs
39.
DC Challenge
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DC Challenge was a 12-issue comic book series produced by DC Comics from November 1985 to October 1986, as a round robin experiment in narrative. The series tagline was Can You Solve It Before We Do, the DC Challenge series was conceived during a rooftop party at the 1983 San Diego Comic Convention. The premise of the series was that each chapter would be written by a different author, no consultation between authors was permitted. As well, each chapter would end in a seemingly impossible cliffhanger from which that chapters author had to have planned an escape. Authors were free to use any character or concept from DCs then-50 years of publication, dick Giordano had been the original editor of the series, but turned the job over to Robert Greenberger before the first issue was published. The last issue of DC Challenge was an effort by six of the twelve writers. DC Challenge at the Comic Book DB DC Challenge at Mikes Amazing World of Comics
