1.
Aarhus
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Aarhus is the second-largest city in Denmark and the seat of Aarhus municipality. It is located on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula, in the centre of Denmark,187 kilometres northwest of Copenhagen and 289 kilometres north of Hamburg. The inner urban area contains 264,716 inhabitants and the population is 330,639. Aarhus is the city in the East Jutland metropolitan area. The history of Aarhus began as a fortified Viking settlement founded in the 8th century, the city was founded on the northern shores of a fjord at a natural harbour and the primary driver of growth was for centuries seaborne trade in agricultural products. Market town privileges were granted in 1441, but growth stagnated in the 17th century as the city suffered blockades, in the 19th century it was occupied twice by German troops during the Schleswig Wars but avoided destruction. As the industrial revolution took hold, the city grew to become the second-largest in the country by the 20th century, today Aarhus is at the cultural and economic core of the region and the largest centre for trade, services and industry in Jutland. The city ranks as the 92nd largest city in the European Union and it is also a top 100 conference city in the world. Aarhus is the industrial port of the country in terms of container handling. Major Danish companies have based their headquarters here and people commute for work and it is a centre for research and education in the Nordic countries and home to Aarhus University, Scandinavias largest university, including Aarhus University Hospital and INCUBA Science Park. Aarhus is notable for its musical history, in the 1950s many jazz clubs sprang up around the city, fuelled by the young population. By the 1960s, the music scene diversified into rock and other genres, in the 1970s and 1980s, Aarhus became the centre for Denmarks rock music fostering many iconic bands such as TV-2 and Gnags. Aarhus is home to the annual eight-day Aarhus International Jazz Festival, the SPoT Festival, in 2017 Aarhus are European Capital of Culture. In Valdemars Census Book the city was called Arus, and in Icelandic it was known as Aros and it is a compound of the two words ār, genitive of ā, and ōss. The name originates from the location around the mouth of Aarhus Å. The spelling Aarhus is first found in 1406 and gradually became the norm in the 17th century, aarhus/Århus spelling With the Danish spelling reform of 1948, Aa was changed to Å. Some Danish cities resisted the new spelling of their names, notably Aalborg, Århus city council explicitly embraced the new spelling, as it was thought to enhance an image of progressiveness. In 2010, the city voted to change the name from Århus to Aarhus in order to strengthen the international profile of the city
2.
Denmark
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The term Danish Realm refers to the relationship between Denmark proper, the Faroe Islands and Greenland—three countries constituting the Kingdom of Denmark. The legal nature of the Kingdom of Denmark is fundamentally one of a sovereign state. The Faroe Islands and Greenland have been part of the Crown of Denmark since 1397 when the Kalmar Union was ratified, legal matters in The Danish Realm are subject to the Danish Constitution. Beginning in 1953, state law issues within The Danish Realm has been governed by The Unity of the Realm, a less formal name for The Unity of the Realm is the Commonwealth of the Realm. In 1978, The Unity of The Realm was for the first time referred to as rigsfællesskabet. The name caught on and since the 1990s, both The Unity of The Realm and The Danish Realm itself has increasingly been referred to as simply rigsfællesskabet in daily parlance. The Danish Constitution stipulates that the foreign and security interests for all parts of the Danish Realm are the responsibility of the Danish government, the Faroes received home rule in 1948 and Greenland did so in 1979. In 2005, the Faroes received a self-government arrangement, and in 2009 Greenland received self rule, the Danish Realms unique state of internal affairs is acted out in the principle of The Unity of the Realm. This principle is derived from Article 1 of the Danish Constitution which specifies that constitutional law applies equally to all areas of the Danish Realm, the Constitutional Act specifies that sovereignty is to continue to be exclusively with the authorities of the Realm. The language of Denmark is Danish, and the Danish state authorities are based in Denmark, the Kingdom of Denmarks parliament, with its 179 members, is located in the capital, Copenhagen. Two of the members are elected in each of Greenland and the Faroe Islands. The Government ministries are located in Copenhagen, as is the highest court, in principle, the Danish Realm constitutes a unified sovereign state, with equal status between its constituent parts. Devolution differs from federalism in that the powers of the subnational authority ultimately reside in central government. The Self-Government Arrangements devolves political competence and responsibility from the Danish political authorities to the Faroese, the Faroese and Greenlandic authorities administer the tasks taken over from the state, enact legislation in these specific fields and have the economic responsibility for solving these tasks. The Danish government provides a grant to the Faroese and the Greenlandic authorities to cover the costs of these devolved areas. The 1948 Home Rule Act of the Faroe Islands sets out the terms of Faroese home rule, the Act states. the Faroe Islands shall constitute a self-governing community within the State of Denmark. It establishes the government of the Faroe Islands and the Faroese parliament. The Faroe Islands were previously administered as a Danish county, the Home Rule Act abolished the post of Amtmand and these powers were expanded in a 2005 Act, which named the Faroese home government as an equal partner with the Danish government
3.
Hack Kampmann
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Hack Kampmann was a Danish architect and professor of architecture at the architecture department of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen. His parents were Christian Peter Georg Kampmann, a priest, Kampmann went on numerous study trips throughout Europe, paid for by several scholarships, including northern Italy, Greece and Sweden. He also attended the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris in 1882, Kampmann was initially one of the leading Danish proponents of the national romantic style. However, during the 1920s he adopted the Nordic Classicism style and his most famous work is one of the culminations of the style, the Police Headquarters in Copenhagen he was among the initiators of 1920s Nordic Classicism. This last building was completed after his death in summer 1920 by his two sons, Christian and Hans Jørgen Kampmann, together with Rafn, Kampmann also was responsible for a number of building restoration projects, notably Aarhus Cathedral. In his watercolours he managed to capture the impression, the characteristic wet style seen in the watercolours of Aage Rafn, Steen Eiler Rasmussen. Kampmann is one of the most influential architects in Danish architectural history
4.
Margrethe II of Denmark
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Margrethe II is the Queen of Denmark. She is also the authority of the Church of Denmark. Born into the House of Glücksburg, a house with origins in Northern Germany, she was the eldest child of Frederick IX of Denmark. She succeeded her father upon his death on 14 January 1972, having had become heir presumptive to her father in 1953, on her accession, Margrethe became the first female monarch of Denmark since Margaret I, ruler of the Scandinavian countries in 1375–1412 during the Kalmar Union. Having been on the Danish throne for 45 years, she is the second longest-reigning Danish monarch after her ancestor Christian IV, in 1967, she married Henri de Laborde de Monpezat, with whom she has two sons, Crown Prince Frederik and Prince Joachim. Princess Margrethe was born 16 April 1940 at Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen as the first child of Crown Prince Frederick, later King Frederick IX and Crown Princess Ingrid and her birth took place just one week after Nazi Germanys invasion of Denmark on 9 April 1940. She was baptised on 14 May in the Church of Holmen in Copenhagen, since her paternal grandfather was also the King of Iceland, she was given an Icelandic name, Þórhildur. When Margrethe was four years old, in 1944, her first sister, Princess Benedikte later married Prince Richard of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and lives some of the time in Germany. Her second sister Princess Anne Marie was born in 1946, anne-Marie later married Constantine II of Greece and now lives in Greece. Margrethe and her sisters grew up in apartments at Frederick VIIIs Palace at Amalienborg in Copenhagen and she spent summer holidays with the royal family in her parents summer residence at Gråsten Palace in Southern Jutland. On 20 April 1947, King Christian X died and Margrethes father ascended the throne as King Frederick IX. At the time of her birth, only males could ascend the throne of Denmark, as she had no brothers, it was assumed that her uncle Prince Knud would one day assume the throne. The process of changing the constitution started in 1947, not long after her father ascended the throne, the popularity of Frederick and his daughters and the more prominent role of women in Danish life started the complicated process of altering the constitution. The law required that the proposal be passed by two successive Parliaments and then by a referendum, which occurred 27 March 1953, Princess Margrethe therefore became heir presumptive. On her eighteenth birthday,16 April 1958, Margrethe was given a seat in the Council of State and she subsequently chaired the meetings of the Council in the absence of the King. Margrethe was educated at the private school N. Zahles School in Copenhagen from which she graduated in 1959 and she is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London. Queen Margrethe is fluent in Danish, French, English, Swedish and German, Princess Margrethe married a French diplomat, Count Henri de Laborde de Monpezat,10 June 1967, at the Church of Holmen in Copenhagen. Laborde de Monpezat received the style and title of His Royal Highness Prince Henrik of Denmark because of his new position as the spouse of the heir presumptive to the Danish throne, Margrethe gave birth to her first child 26 May 1968
5.
Mindeparken
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Mindeparken is a memorial park and recreational area in the south of Aarhus City, next to Marselisborg Palace. The Park itself, was inaugurated in 1925 by king Christian X and that role soon diminished and disappeared, as the annual gatherings in Rebild gained momentum. In 1934 a large monument in limestone, engraved with the names of, designed by the Danish architect Axel Ekberg and Danish sculptor Axel Poulsen, they choose limestone from Euville in the Meuse department in France, a major battlefield in World War I. The memorial site is still in use today and on the 11th of November. In 2012, a stone for Danish soldiers stationed abroad, was erected in the park, surrounding the memorial monument is a large park and lawn area, used for all kinds of gatherings, events and recreational activities by the citizens of Aarhus. The park offers a view across the Bay of Aarhus. Mindeparken was extended in 1939 and again in 1944, and now includes different sections with their own peculiarities, in a corner of the park is Træsamlingen, a botanical selection of different tree species and nearby is the section of Rømerhaven, a sculpture garden with a botanical bend. In the south of Mindeparken lies the Donbæk Houses, built in 1828 and 1850 and they formerly served as residentials of the servants to the baron of Marselisborg Manor, and also housing for forest workers in the Marselisborg Forests at some point. The old Marselisborg Manor was located where Marselisborg Gymnasium has residence now, the Donbæk Houses are thus not related to the Marselisborg Palace. World War I monument Mindeparken Aarhus Municipality Mindeparken Arrangør i Aarhus, Aarhus Municipality Excursions to the Marselisborg Mindepark Aarhus Municipality 2010
6.
Aarhus Forestry Botanical Garden
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Aarhus Forestry Botanical Garden is a forestry botanical garden located in the south of Aarhus, Denmark. It forms a part of the northern section of Marselisborg Forests and is situated right next to Marselisborg Palace. The botanical garden was established in 1923, the garden holds 900 different species of trees and bushes from all over the world, on just about 5 hectares. Because of the nearby forest and the flora, the botanical garden also attracts a varied fauna and it is not unusual to spot roe deers, squirrels, owls and herons. The Forestry Botanical Gardens status as a study ground, has diminished over the years. The garden is free to public access year round, but it is not allowed to pick plantparts, many of the tall trees are ageing and it is not advised to be around the garden in windy weather, as falling branches are an imminent danger. Excursions in The Forestry Botanical Garden Aarhus Municipality
7.
Marselisborg Deer Park
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Marselisborg Deer Park is a 22 hectares enclosed woodland area in the northern parts of the Marselisborg Forests. The trees are somewhat sparse here and the terrain especially hilly, Marselisborg Deer Park is not a deer park in the original sense, as it is not meant for hunting deer. The idea is more like a small park, but just presenting a few common species. Initially sika deer were introduced to graze the open woodland hills. The park was established in 1932 and have since been enlarged several times and it is owned and administered by the Aarhus Municipality. The deer park is open and free for public access year round in the hours, although the following visits are discouraged. Here the female does are nursing their young calves, the does show protective behaviour and might attack humans that come too close. In addition the important nursing might be disturbed too much, giving the calves a lower chance of survival, here the deer are mating and the bucks will be in a rut and showing aggressive behaviour. Especially the sika bucks with their antlers poses a threat to visitors, in addition, disturbances might postpone the mating, giving the outcome calves a lower chance of survival, if the animals are stressed too much. Many of the old trees poses a danger, with heavy falling branches and these are explicit dangers, but there are a lot of general concerns too to take into account also, when visiting the area. Many of them are obvious to most people, but here is a few important ones, Deer and many mammals cannot digest bread, pasta or similar food items and they will fall ill if they eat it. Instead the animals can be fed with carrots and apples, which are considered safe. The wild boars must never be fed anything, chasing smaller animals will stress them unnecessary and can make them sick or even kill them. Chasing larger animals, might make them aggressive and attack you and you can choose to interact with animals, if they choose to approach you in a friendly or neutral manner. Many animals have a natural flock behaviour and it can be dangerous for humans to be caught inside a flock, stay in the outskirts of flocks. Animals in the live from what the surrounding nature offers them, so do not collect larger quantities of food items. Do not collect the chestnuts or mast in the Marselisborg Deer Park, animals might try to eat wasted litter and it can harm them, in some cases kill them in a most agonising way. Do not leave litter or garbage in nature, the wild boars are permanently fenced in their own enclosure, as they are a dangerous animal
8.
Marselisborg Forests
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Marselisborg Forests or simply Marselisborg Forest, is a 1,300 hectares forest to the south of Aarhus City in the Kingdom of Denmark. Many present day sources now includes the forest of Fløjstrup, as part of the Marselisborg Forests, Marselisborg Forests runs along the coastline of the Aarhus Bay in a hilly terrain with steep slopes and deep gullies, especially at the shoreline. There are many traces of prehistoric activities here and the landscape have been covered by woodlands for thousands of years, Marselisborg Forests is comprised by a collection of small patches of woodland, that have been allowed to merge into a single entity, mainly after 1820. The woodland patches originally belonged to the barony of Marselis, residing at the now gone Marselisborg, before 1820, there was an extensive forestry in the woods, so most of the trees are no more than 200 years old. Aarhus Municipality took ownership of the land and forests in 1896, Marselisborg Forests have a long cultural history as a recreational area for Aarhus and its citizens and today it is among the most frequented forests in Denmark. The forestry business is rather limited today, now Odd Fellow Palace Varna since 1970. Originally the home of the forest keeper, but also known as a restaurant from around 1800, for many years it offered orchestral concerts in addition to the food and drinks. Now exclusively a highend restaurant, with attached conference halls, first mentioned in written sources in 1661 and with a long history as a grain mill, brewery, restaurant, etc. Silistria is now the headquarters of OK Pan Århus, Denmarks oldest orienteering club founded in 1946, Thors Mølle from 1637, as the only remaining stamp mill of the original five at the Varna stream. Initially a powder mill and with a history as a guesthouse and restaurant, the modern day restaurant at Thors Mølle, were founded around the year 1900. Skovmøllen can be traced back to at least the year 1570, skovmøllen is Denmark’s only functioning undershot millstone and it powers both a grain mill and a sawmill. Skovmøllen have worked as a restaurant and housed celebrations since the 1800s, the milling business was restarted in the year 2000, by a team of volunteers and guided tours are arranged regularly. Moesgård Museum with surrounding open-air museums, including the old Moesgård Manor, in the early 1900s, it even housed a zoo, and two steamboats regularly transported citizens from the Aarhus harbour to various spots, just for recreational purposes. Many of the documents of the booming restaurants and scenes, reports dramatic drops in turnovers. As one of the popular and noteworthy happenings of our time. The tradition was initiated by crown princess Mary and crown prince Frederik of Denmark in 2009, inspired by Australia, the first two exhibitions attracted an estimated half a million visitors each. It is one of the few big forests in Denmark, that can present larger connected areas of beech wood. Most of the forest is a deciduous forest, with species like beech, ash
9.
Christian X of Denmark
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Christian X was the King of Denmark from 1912 to 1947 and the only king of Iceland, between 1918 and 1944. Among his siblings was King Haakon VII of Norway and his character as a ruler has been described as authoritarian and he strongly stressed the importance of royal dignity and power. His reluctance to embrace democracy resulted in the Easter Crisis of 1920, in which he dismissed the democratically elected cabinet with which he disagreed, and instated one of his own choosing. He also became the subject of a persistent urban legend according to which, during Nazi occupation, Danish Jews were not forced to wear the Star of David. However, the legend stems from a 1942 British report that claimed he threatened to don the star if this was forced upon Danish Jews. I stated that I could not meet such a demand towards Danish citizens, if such a demand is made, we would best meet it by all wearing the Star of David. In addition, he helped finance the transport of Danish Jews to unoccupied Sweden, Christian was born on 26 September 1870 at Charlottenlund Palace in Gentofte Municipality north of Copenhagen, during the reign of his paternal grandfather, King Christian IX. He was born as the oldest son and child of Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark and his wife Louise of Sweden and he was baptised in the Chapel of Christiansborg Palace on 31 October 1870 by the Bishop of Zealand, Hans Lassen Martensen. She eventually became his queen consort, furthermore, the couple received Marselisborg Palace in Aarhus as a wedding present from the people of Denmark in 1898. In 1914, the King also built the villa Klitgården in Skagen, on 29 January 1906, King Christian IX died, and Christians father ascended the throne as King Frederick VIII. Christian himself now became crown prince, on 14 May 1912, King Frederick VIII died after collapsing from shortness of breath while taking a walk in a park in Hamburg, Germany. He had been returning from a stay in Nice, France. Christian was in Copenhagen when he heard about his fathers demise, in April 1920, Christian instigated the Easter Crisis, perhaps the most decisive event in the evolution of the Danish monarchy in the Twentieth Century. Danish claims to the region persisted to the end of World War I, according to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, the disposition of Schleswig was to be determined by two plebiscites, one in Northern Schleswig, the other in Central Schleswig. In Northern Schleswig, seventy-five percent voted for reunification with Denmark, in this vote, the entire region was considered to be an indivisible unit, and the entire region was awarded to Denmark. In Central Schleswig, the situation was reversed with eighty percent voting for Germany, in this vote, each municipality decided its own future, and German majorities prevailed everywhere. Christian X agreed with these sentiments, and ordered Prime Minister Zahle to include Flensburg in the re-unification process, as Denmark had been operating as a parliamentary democracy since the Cabinet of Deuntzer in 1901, Zahle felt he was under no obligation to comply. He refused the order and resigned days later after a heated exchange with the King
10.
Frederick IX of Denmark
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Frederick IX was King of Denmark from 1947 to 1972. Born into the House of Glücksburg, Frederick was the eldest son of King Christian X and he became Crown Prince when his father succeeded as king in 1912. As a young man, he was educated at the Royal Danish Naval Academy, in 1935, he was married to Princess Ingrid of Sweden and they had three daughters, Margrethe, Benedikte and Anne-Marie. During Nazi Germanys occupation of Denmark, Frederick acted as regent on behalf of his father from 1942 until 1943, Frederick became king on his fathers death in early 1947. Denmark modernized, bringing new demands on the monarchy and Fredericks role as a constitutional monarch, Frederick IX died in 1972, and was succeeded by his elder daughter, Margrethe. Prince Frederick was born on 11 March 1899 at Sorgenfri Palace in Kongens Lyngby on Zealand during the reign of his great-grandfather King Christian IX and his father was Prince Christian of Denmark, the eldest son of Crown Prince Frederick and Princess Louise of Sweden. His mother was Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, a daughter of Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and he was baptised at Sorgenfri Palace on 9 April 1899. Fredericks only sibling, Knud, was one year after Frederick. In 1914, the King also built the villa Klitgården in Skagen in Northern Jutland, Christian IX died on 29 January 1906, and Fredericks grandfather Crown Prince Frederick succeeded him as King Frederick VIII. Fredericks father became crown prince, and Frederick moved up to second in line to the throne, just six years later, on 14 May 1912, King Frederick VIII died, and Fredericks father ascended the throne as King Christian X. Frederick himself now became crown prince. However, as a referendum established the Republic of Iceland on 17 June 1944. Frederick was educated at the Royal Danish Naval Academy and the University of Copenhagen, before he became king, he had acquired the rank of Rear Admiral and he had had several senior commands on active service. He acquired several tattoos during his naval service, in addition, with his great love of music, the king was an able piano player and conductor. In 1922, Frederick was engaged to Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark, his second cousin. Instead, on 15 March 1935, a few days after his 36th birthday, he was engaged to Princess Ingrid of Sweden and they were related in several ways. In descent from Oscar I of Sweden and Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden, in descent from Paul I of Russia, Frederick was a fourth cousin of Ingrids mother. They married in Stockholm Cathedral on 24 May 1935, on 20 April 1947, Christian X died, and Frederick succeeded to the throne. He was proclaimed king from the balcony of Christiansborg Palace by Prime Minister Knud Kristensen, Frederick IXs reign saw great change
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Media related to Marselisborg Slot at Wikimedia Commons
