Martín Francisco Javier Mina y Larrea

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General Martín Francisco Javier Mina y Larrea, nicknamed El Mozo or El Estudiante (Student), was a Spanish lawyer and army officer, who later became a Mexican independence figure.

Francisco Javier Mina, by Thomas Wright (1821)

Sculpture of Mina at the Angel of Independence, Mexico City.

Guerrilla warfare in the Peninsular War

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Guerrilla warfare in the Peninsular War refers to the armed civilian actions carried out by non-regular troops against Napoleon's Grande Armée in Spain and Portugal during the Peninsular War.

Guerrilla note asking for provisions from the mayor of Pradejón

Detail view of a war memorial from Jaén, Spain, depicting a dead irregular combatant held by his companion brandishing a jackknife.

Juan Malasaña avenging his daughter Manuela Malasaña on the streets of Madrid during the Dos de Mayo uprising. Painted by Eugenio Álvarez Dumont in 1887.

Engraving of Don Julián Sánchez, "el Charro", by Mariano Brandi