Martha Bayona Pineda is a Colombian track cyclist. She represented her nation at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, and also finished tenth in the women's keirin at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

The women's Keirin at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro took place at the Rio Olympic Velodrome on 13 August. This was the second time that the event was held at the Olympics, after making its debut in London four years prior.