1.
Wilson, North Carolina
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Wilson is a city in and the county seat of Wilson County, North Carolina, United States. Situated in the heart of eastern North Carolina, around 40 miles east of the city of Raleigh, it lies at the interchange of Interstate 95. Wilson had a population of 49,610 in 2012, according to the Census Bureau, Wilson is now ranked 18th in size among North Carolina’s 500-plus municipalities. The city has added more than 40 percent in population since 1990, primarily due to a construction of new subdivisions and this has attracted new retail and shopping construction, primarily in the northwestern parts of the city. The U. S. Census Bureau estimates that nearly 5,000 county residents were foreign-born, of those, nearly 3,000 people, or 62 percent, had entered the U. S. since 2000. Once widely known as The World’s Greatest Tobacco Market, Wilson enjoys a diverse economy today, with a mix of agriculture, manufacturing, commercial. Wilson is located at 35°43′52″N 77°55′25″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 23.4 square miles, of which,23.3 square miles of it is land and 0.2 square miles of it is water. Wilson is located at the intersection of Interstate 95 and US264, approximately 45 minutes east of Raleigh and it also is at the northern terminus of Interstate 795, which provides a route to Interstate 40 and the port city of Wilmington, North Carolina. The history of the city of Wilson dates back to a community formed around Toisnot Primitive Baptist Church. The community was originally called Toisnot, in 1836, the Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad Co. began building a Wilmington-to-Weldon line. The railline reached the community in 1839, and by 1840 Toisnot had both north-and-south service and that led to the growth of the community. On January 29,1849, the North Carolina General Assembly chartered the Town of Wilson and it was named for Colonel Louis D. Wilson, U. S. Volunteers, who died of fever while on leave from the State senate during the Mexican-American War. Joshua Barnes, John W. Farmer, James D. Barnes, Dylan Dieterle, Jonathan D. Rountree, Wilson currently operates under a City Council-City Manager form of government. The City Council includes seven members who are elected by districts, the City Council makes policy and budget decisions, which are enacted by the city manager, whom they appoint, and the staff. C. Bruce Rose is the mayor, having served continuously since 1992. Prior to that, he was a city firefighter for 30 years, as of the census of 2000, there were 44,405 people,17,296 households, and 11,328 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,906.9 people per square mile, there were 18,660 housing units at an average density of 801.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 46. 67% White,47. 53% African American,0. 31% Native American,0. 58% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,3. 89% from other races, and 1. 01% from two or more races
2.
Free People
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Free People is an American bohemian apparel and lifestyle retail company that sells women’s clothing, accessories, shoes, intimates, and swimwear. Headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Free People is a part of Urban Outfitters, today Free People sells their line in 1,400 specialty stores worldwide. S. and Canada. In the early 1970s, Dick Hayne opened a store in West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania with his first wife, Judy Wicks and his store attracted the young people who lived and shopped in the area. When his store’s popularity grew, he opened a second store, Urban Outfitters’ business began to grow rapidly. Dick’s wife, Meg, oversaw the development of Urban Outfitters’ private label division and this proved to be quite successful, in 1984 the wholesale line Free People was back in action. In the fall of 2002, the first Free People Boutique opened in Paramus, since the first boutique opened in Paramus, New Jersey, there are now boutiques all over the United States as well as Canada. Free People developed an app which allows users to shop and to upload their own looks and pictures wearing Free People clothing, in 2006, Free People partnered with Edward Mullen Studio to design an e-commerce strategy. Free People is a changing and evolving brand. Their goal is to promote creativity, travel, and neat style, along with serving as URBN’s chief creative officer, Margaret Hayne is also currently chief executive of Free People. 2004, The year of the birth of FreePeople, there are 124 stores dedicated to Free People. FP Wholesale Free People operates four showrooms located in New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, on May 24,2016 Free People partnered with Girls Inc. this partnership has developed the brand more. It is a social campaign. The campaign supports over 140,000 innovative, confident, strong, Free People contributes by sending several women each month that they think best spread Girls Inc. across their social media channels, by giving a donation and sending them Free People apparel. Free People gives away cloth bags, whenever someone re-uses or does not accept the bag at check out Free People donates.25 cents to Girls Inc. The Chalkboard Mag Free People partners with The Chalkboard Mag for their Worldwide FP Lets Move event tour, in January 2017, Free People announced their third annual event tour. WebLinc Free People partnered with WebLinc when creating their multichannel app, the app has been dowloaded an estimated 130,000 times. In April 2016, the company was criticized for the advertisements of their new clothing line directed towards music festival attendees, the advertisements promoted Native American styled clothing on a Caucasian model, which garnered much negative attention on social media websites. In May 2015, the company was criticized for the dancer that they used to advertise their clothing, professional dancers were appalled at the advertisement
3.
Victoria's Secret
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Victorias Secret is an American designer, manufacturer and marketer of womens premium lingerie, womenswear and beauty products. With 2012 sales of $6.12 billion, it is the largest American retailer of womens lingerie, Victorias Secret is wholly owned by L Brands, a publicly traded company. Victorias Secret was founded by Roy Raymond, and his wife Gaye, in San Francisco, California, eight years prior to founding Victorias Secret, Raymond was embarrassed when purchasing lingerie for his wife at a department store. The companys first store was located in Stanford Shopping Center in Palo Alto, Raymond picked the name Victoria to associate with the refinement of the Victorian era. The Secret was what was hidden underneath the clothes, Victorias Secret grossed $500,000 in its first year of business, enough to finance the expansion from a headquarters and warehouse to four new store locations and a mail-order operation. By 1980, Raymond had added two more San Francisco stores at 2246 Union Street and 115 Wisconsin Street, by 1982, the fourth store was added at 395 Sutter Street. Victorias Secret stayed at that 395 Sutter Street location until 1990, in April 1982, Raymond sent out his 12th catalogue, each catalogue cost $3. Catalogue sales now accounted for 55% of the companys $7 million annual sales, the Victorias Secret stores at this time were a niche player in the underwear market. The business was described as more burlesque than Main Street, raymonds philosophy of focusing on selling lingerie to male customers became increasingly unprofitable and Victorias Secret headed for bankruptcy. In 1982, it had grown to five stores, a 40-page catalogue, Raymond sold Victorias Secret Inc. to Leslie Wexner, creator of Limited Stores Inc of Columbus, Ohio, for $1 million. In 1983, Leslie Wexner revamped Victorias Secret and he discarded the money-losing model of selling lingerie to male customers and replaced it with one that focused on female customers. Victorias Secret transformed from more burlesque than Main Street to a mainstay that sold broadly accepted underwear. The new colors, patterns and styles that promised sexiness packaged in a tasteful, glamorous way and with the appeal of European luxury were supposed to appeal to. The stores were redesigned to evoke 19th century England, from at least 1985 through to 1993, Victorias Secret sold mens underwear. In 1986, four years after the sale, The New York Times commented, in an industry where mark-downs have been the norm, in the five years after the purchase, The Limited had transformed a three store boutique into a 346 store retailer. Howard Gross took over as president from his position as vice-president in 1985, the New York Times reported on Victorias Secrets rapid expansion from four stores in 1982 to 100 in 1986, and analysts expectations that it could expand to 400 by 1988. In 1987, Victorias Secret was reportedly among the best-selling catalogs, in 1990, analysts estimated that sales had quadrupled in four years, making it one of the fastest growing mail-order businesses. The New York Times described it as a visible leader
4.
Model (person)
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A model is a person with a role either to promote, display, or advertise commercial products or to serve as a visual aide for people who are creating works of art or to pose for photography. Modelling is considered to be different from other types of public performance, although the difference between modelling and performing is not always clear, appearing in a film or a play is not generally considered to be modelling. Types of modelling include, fashion, glamour, fitness, bikini, fine art, body-part, Models are featured in a variety of media formats including, books, magazines, films, newspapers, internet and TV. Fashion models are featured in films, reality TV shows. Celebrities, including actors, singers, sports personalities and reality TV stars, modelling as a profession was first established in 1853 by Charles Frederick Worth, the father of haute couture, when he asked his wife, Marie Vernet Worth, to model the clothes he designed. The term house model was coined to describe this type of work, eventually, this became common practice for Parisian fashion houses. There were no standard physical measurement requirements for a model, with the development of fashion photography, the modelling profession expanded to photo modelling. Models remained fairly anonymous, and relatively poorly paid, until the late 1950s, one of the first well-known models was Lisa Fonssagrives, who was very popular in the 1930s. Fonssagrives appeared on over 200 Vogue covers, and her name recognition led to the importance of Vogue in shaping the careers of fashion models. In 1946, Ford Models was established by Eileen and Gerard Ford in New York, one of the most popular models during the 1940s was Jinx Falkenburg who was paid $25 per hour, a large sum at the time. During the 1940s and 1950s, Wilhelmina Cooper, Jean Patchett, Dovima, Dorian Leigh, Suzy Parker, Evelyn Tripp, Carmen DellOrefice, dorothea Church was among the first black models in the industry to gain notoriety in Paris. However, these models were unknown outside the fashion community, compared to todays models, the models of the 1950s were more voluptuous. Wilhelmina Coopers measurements were 38-24-36 whereas Chanel Imans measurements are 32-23-33, in the 1960s, the modelling world began to establish modelling agencies. Throughout Europe, secretarial services acted as models agents charging them weekly rates for their messages, for the most part, models were responsible for their own billing. In Germany, agents were not allowed to work for a percentage of a persons earnings, with the exception of a few models travelling to Paris or New York, travelling was relatively unheard of for a model. Most models only worked in one market due to different labor laws governing modelling in various countries, in the 1960s, Italy had many fashion houses and fashion magazines but was in dire need of models. Italian agencies would often coerce models to return to Italy without work visas by withholding their pay and they would also pay their models in cash, which models would have to hide from customs agents. It was not uncommon for models staying in such as La Louisiana in Paris or the Arena in Milan to have their hotel rooms raided by the police looking for their work visas
5.
Victoria's Secret Fashion Show
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The Victorias Secret Fashion Show is an annual show sponsored by and featuring Victorias Secret, a brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victorias Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings, the show features some of the worlds leading fashion models such as current Victorias Secret Angels Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrosio, Behati Prinsloo, Candice Swanepoel, and Lily Aldridge. American network television broadcasts the show during prime time, the first few shows in the 1990s were held in the days preceding Valentines Day to promote the brand for this holiday. They were not aired on national television, in 1999 and 2000 the show was webcast. Beginning in 2001, the shows were moved ahead of the Christmas holiday season, also in 2001, the show made its network television broadcast on ABC, though in all subsequent years, it has been broadcast on CBS. The show has held at a variety of locations in different cities including Miami, Los Angeles, Cannes, Paris. The first four shows were held at the Plaza Hotel in New York City, the show is a lavish event with elaborate costumed lingerie, varying music by leading entertainers, and set design according to the different themes running within the show. The show attracts hundreds of celebrities and entertainers, with special performers, each year, twenty to forty of the worlds top fashion models are selected to perform in the fashion show. In a typical year, this includes about a dozen women under contract to the company, known as Victorias Secret Angels. The giant angel wings worn by the models, as well as wings of various forms and sizes such as butterfly, peacock. The first fashion show extravaganza, introduced by Stephanie Seymour, was held at the Plaza Hotel in New York City in August 1996, the show also featured Beverly Peele and Frederique van der Wal. She actually did ring the bell at the NYSE as part of the publicity campaign. The subsequent three annual shows were held at the Plaza. The show, which was aired by Broadcast. com, featured Tyra Banks, Laetitia Casta, Heidi Klum, Karen Mulder, Daniela Pestova, Inés Rivero, and Seymour.5 million. In 2001, the show, which was hosted by Rupert Everett, returned to the New York City, the show has continued to be broadcast on network television every year since. From 2002 through 2005, it was held at the Lexington Avenue Armory in New York City, the 2006 and 2007 shows were held at the Kodak Theatre in Los Angeles. On November 13,2007, the Victorias Secret Angels were honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame right outside the Kodak Theatre, the other models, who also appeared in that years fashion show, were in attendance that day. The 2008 show coincided with the grand re-opening of the Fontainebleau Miami Beach hotel, in 2006, Victorias Secret sub-brand PINK made its debut on the runway
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Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2013
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The Victorias Secret Fashion Show is an annual fashion show sponsored by Victorias Secret, a brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victorias Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings, the show featured performances by Fall Out Boy, A Great Big World, Neon Jungle, and Taylor Swift. The shoes used during this show were created by Nicholas Kirkwood. Victorias Secret Fashion Show, Vogue UK, the Top 20 Looks from the Victorias Secret Fashion Show, Harpers Bazaar. The 2013 Victorias Secret Fashion Show, GQ
7.
Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2014
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The Victorias Secret Fashion Show is an annual fashion show sponsored by Victorias Secret, a brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victorias Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings, the show features some of the worlds leading fashion models, such as current Victorias Secret Angels Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrosio, Candice Swanepoel, Lily Aldridge, and Behati Prinsloo. The show featured performances by Ed Sheeran, Ariana Grande, Hozier. For the first time, there were not one but two fantasy bras, the Dream Angels Fantasy Bras and they were worn by Alessandra Ambrosio and Adriana Lima and worth US$2,000,000 each
8.
Charlotte, North Carolina
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Charlotte /ˈʃɑːrlət/ is the largest city in the state of North Carolina. It is the county seat of Mecklenburg County and the second-largest city in the southeastern United States, just behind Jacksonville, Charlotte is the third-fastest growing major city in the United States. In 2014 the estimated population of Charlotte according to the U. S. Census Bureau was 809,958, the Charlotte metropolitan area ranks 22nd-largest in the U. S. and had a 2014 population of 2,380,314. The Charlotte metropolitan area is part of a sixteen-county market region or combined statistical area with a 2014 U. S. Census population estimate of 2,537,990, residents of Charlotte are referred to as Charlotteans. It is listed as a global city by the Globalization. Charlotte Douglas International Airport is an international hub, and was ranked the 23rd-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in 2013. Charlotte has a subtropical climate. The city is located several miles east of the Catawba River and southeast of Lake Norman, Lake Wylie and Mountain Island Lake are two smaller man-made lakes located near the city. The Catawba Native Americans were the first to settle Mecklenburg County and were first recorded in European records around 1567, by 1759 half the Catawba tribe had been killed by smallpox. At the time of their largest population, Catawba people numbered 10,000, Mecklenburg County was initially part of Bath County of New Hanover Precinct, which became New Hanover County in 1729. The western portion of New Hanover split into Bladen County in 1734, Mecklenburg County formed from Anson County in 1762. Further apportionment was made in 1792, with Cabarrus County formed from Mecklenburg and these areas were all part of one of the original six judicial/military districts of North Carolina known as the Salisbury District. The area that is now Charlotte was settled by people of European descent around 1755, Thomas Polk, who later married Thomas Spratts daughter, built his house by the intersection of two Native American trading paths between the Yadkin and Catawba rivers. One path ran north–south and was part of the Great Wagon Road, within decades of Polks settling, the area grew to become Charlotte Town, incorporating in 1768. The crossroads, perched atop the Piedmont landscape, became the heart of Uptown Charlotte, in 1770, surveyors marked the streets in a grid pattern for future development. The east–west trading path became Trade Street, and the Great Wagon Road became Tryon Street, in honor of William Tryon, the intersection of Trade and Tryon—commonly known today as Trade & Tryon, or simply The Square—is more properly called Independence Square. While surveying the boundary between the Carolinas in 1772, William Moultrie stopped in Charlotte Town, whose five or six houses were very ordinary built of logs, local leaders came together in 1775 and signed the Mecklenburg Resolves, more popularly known as the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence. While not a declaration of independence from British rule, it is among the first such declarations that eventually led to the American Revolution
9.
Paris Fashion Week
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Paris Fashion Week is a series of designer presentations held biannually in Paris, France with spring/summer and autumn/winter events held each year. Dates are determined by the French Fashion Federation, Fashion Week is held at venues throughout the city. In addition to shows, there are mens and haute couture shows. Paris Fashion Week is part of the global Big 4 fashion weeks, the schedule begins with New York, followed by London, and then Milan and ends in Paris. Although the first fashion week was held in New York, the event itself derives from salon shows in Paris couture salons, a fashion week consists of a week of organized events of multiple designer’s collections. Before this organized event was recognized in New York City, fashion showings were being held in Paris as early as the 1700s and these early showings were only to clients purchasing items and were shown on mannequins. In the 1800s, showings began to change, Charles Frederick Worth, noted for haute couture, began showing multiple pieces together and of a higher design. Jeanne Paquin is the first designer to make her showings public, Haute Couture, the style of high sewing, was created by Englishman Charles Frederick Worth. In the mid 1800s Mme Pauline von Metternich, an Austrian Princess and wife to the Ambassador of Paris, saw one of Worth’s sketches and employed him to make her a gown. He gained much recognition through his powerful clients and opened his own couture house in Paris in 1858. In 1868 the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture was created to set the specifications to determine what constituted a ‘couture house’. To ensure the copyright of the designers, their creations were photographed on a model or mannequin from the front, back, in 1945 the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture established another set of rules to regulate and determine Haute Couture houses. Others included having at least 20 members on staff, and that every design must include fittings, the first recognized Paris Fashion Week was held in 1973 and organized Haute Couture, Ready-to-Wear, and Men’s Fashion into one grouped showing by the Fédération Française de la Couture. The event was a fundraiser held at the Palace of Versailles to restore the palace, the amount aimed to reach to repair the palace was estimated at $60 million USD which converts to 53,026,956 Euros. The fundraiser was started because the French government had stated they could not handle the cost of the renovations. It was overseen by the founder of New York Press Week, now known as New York Fashion Week, Eleanor Lambert, in accordance with, the at the time Versailles curator, Gereld van der Kemp. The restorations and renovations included Marie Antoinette’s dressing room, Louis XV’s children’s play room, both American and Parisian designers attended the event including, Anne Klein, Bill Blass, Stephen Burrows, Oscar de la Renta, Hubert de Givenchy, and Yves Saint Laurent. The French designer’s each held their own showing set to various themes whose pieces included, a ship, pumpkin coach
10.
Issey Miyake
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Issey Miyake is a Japanese fashion designer. He is known for his clothing designs, exhibitions and fragrances, such as Leau dIssey. Miyake was born on April 22,1938 in Hiroshima, Japan and he studied graphic design at the Tama Art University in Tokyo, graduating in 1964. After graduation, he worked in Paris and New York City, returning to Tokyo in 1970, he founded the Miyake Design Studio, a high-end producer of womens fashion. In the late 1980s, he began to experiment with new methods of pleating that would allow both flexibility of movement for the wearer as well as ease of care and production. In which the garments are cut and sewn first, then sandwiched between layers of paper and fed into a press, where they are pleated. The fabrics memory holds the pleats and when the garments are liberated from their paper cocoon and he did the costume for Ballett Frankfurt with pleats in a piece named the Loss of Small Detail William Forsythe and also work on ballet Garden in the setting. He had a friendship with Austrian-born pottery artist Dame Lucie Rie. She bequeathed to him her substantial collection of ceramic and porcelain buttons and he also developed a friendship with Apples Steve Jobs and produced the black turtlenecks which would become a part of Jobs signature attire. Jobs said, So I asked Issey to make me some of his black turtlenecks that I liked, in March 1992 he was quoted in the International Herald Tribune as saying Design is not for philosophy—its for life. In 1994 and 1999, Miyake turned over the design of the mens and womens collections respectively, to his associate, Naoki Takizawa, so that he could return to research full-time. In 2007, Naoki Takizawa opened his own brand supported by the Issey Miyake Group and was replaced as Creative Director by Dai Fujiwara who ran the House of Issey Miyake until 2012. The design duties were split as of the Spring/Summer 2012 collections, with Yoshiyuki Miyamae appointed head designer of the womens collection, as of 2012, he is one of the co-Directors of 2121 DESIGN SIGHT, Japans first design museum. HaaT means village market in Sanskrit, the sound similar to heart in English A-POC - 1998- custom-collection for men and women. Tubes of fabric are machine-processed and can be cut into shapes by the consumer. A-POC is an acronym of a piece of cloth, and a homonym of epoch. Issey Miyake - an evolution of the A-POC concept, works are presented as two-dimensional geometric shapes made from recycled polyethylene terephthalate mixed with natural fibers and dyes, which then unfold into structured garments. Me Issey Miyake - line of exclusive one-sized shirts that stretch to fit the wearer that are sold in plastic tube, Bao Bao Issey Miyake - line of bags Issey Miyake Watches - mens and womens watches Issey Miyake Perfumes - line of fragrances for men and women
11.
Vogue China
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Vogue China is the Chinese edition of Vogue magazine. The magazine carries a mixture of local and foreign content, Vogue China became the sixteenth edition of Vogue when its first issue was released for September 2005, its debut had been in the works for over two years. The magazines first cover featured Australian model Gemma Ward alongside Chinese models Du Juan, Wang Wenqin, Tong Chenjie, Liu Dan and its initial first printing of 300,000 copies sold out, requiring a second printing to be made. The magazine is published by Condé Nast in partnership with the state-owned China Pictorial Publishing House, the magazine has made a profit every year since it debuted. Angelica Cheung is the editor in chief of Vogue China from her office in Beijing and she has been serving as editor since its launch in September 2005. Cheung has a background and has worked for multiple newspapers and magazines in Hong Kong such as Marie Claire. There are 16 editions of Vogue China published every year, Vogue China currently circulates around 1.6 million copies. Mario Testino has described Vogue China as the worlds most important Vogue, many advertisers are competing for space in Chinese publications. “Advertisers don’t pay attention to large distribution, rather they prefer an environment for their advertisement, ” says Hung. It is reported that fashion labels are putting more money into advertising in China than in the States. Vogue magazine is already an internationally well-known publication, which makes advertisers feel safe placing their advertisements in their magazines, there is a large competition to get advertisements in magazines. ”Magazines fight each other over advertisers because they are a large source of profit. “In a fair market environment, our niche distribution will not seem so distant from the bloated distribution figures of the giants, ” said Hung, a publisher of the independent fashion magazine iLook. List of Vogue China cover models List of womens magazines List of mens magazines Vogue China Vogue China – magazine profile at Fashion Model Directory
12.
Harper's Bazaar
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Harpers Bazaar is an American womens fashion magazine, first published in 1867. Harpers Bazaar is published by Hearst and, as a magazine, considers itself to be the resource for women who are the first to buy the best. Writers Alice Meynell, Daisy Fellowes, Gloria Guinness, and Eleanor Hoyt Brainerd, when Harpers Bazaar began publication, it was a weekly magazine catering to women in the middle and upper classes. It showcased fashion from Germany and Paris in a newspaper-design format and it was not until 1901 that Harpers moved to a monthly issued magazine which it maintains today. Now Harpers Bazaar is owned and operated by the Hearst Corporation in the U. S. harper & Brothers founded the magazine. This company also gave birth to Harpers Magazine and HarperCollins Publishing, glenda Bailey is the editor-in-chief of U. S. edition of Harpers Bazaar. As the turn-of-the-century began in America, Harpers Bazaar began featuring both illustrations and photographs for its covers and inside features of society and increasingly of fashion. During the late Victorian period, as the suffrage movement was gaining momentum. Bazaar also began profiling prominent socialites, such as the Astors, in 1933, editor-in-chief Carmel Snow brought photojournalist Martin Munkacsi to a windswept beach to shoot a swimwear spread. As the model ran toward the camera, Munkacsi took the picture that made fashion-magazine history, until that moment, nearly all fashion was carefully staged on mannequin-like models in a studio. Snows buoyant spirit and wicked sense of adventure brought life to the pages of Bazaar, Snows genius came from cultivating the best people. Her first big find was art director Alexey Brodovitch, who innovated Bazaars iconic Didot logo, Snow also unleashed the force of nature known as Diana Vreeland, whom she brought on as fashion editor in 1936. The collaboration of these four visionaries resulted in some of the germane fashion shoots of the 20th century and ended only with Snows retirement, at the age of 70, throughout his career at the magazine, Brodovitch, a Russian émigré, revolutionized magazine design. With his directive Astonish me, he inspired some of the greatest visual artists of the 20th century, one of his assistants was future Rolling Stone art director Tony Lane. Sadly, Brodovitchs personal life was less triumphant, plagued by alcoholism, he left Bazaar in 1958 and eventually moved to the south of France, where he died in 1971. Diana, who is said to have invented the word pizzazz, before long, she became fashion editor, collaborating with photographers Louise Dahl-Wolfe and Richard Avedon and, later, art director Henry Wolf. Her eccentricity, perception and wit, as well as her sharp wit and sweeping pronouncements, were memorialized in the movie Funny Face, making her, for many, Richard Avedon began creating fashion portfolios for Harpers Bazaar at the age of 22. His distinctive photographs showed both chic insouciance and boundless vitality, avedons women leapt off curbs, roller-skated on the Place de la Concorde, and were seen in nightclubs, enjoying the freedom and fashions of the postwar era
13.
GQ
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GQ is an international monthly mens magazine based in New York City. The publication focuses on fashion, style, and culture for men, though articles on food, movies, fitness, sex, music, travel, sports, technology, Gentlemens Quarterly was launched in 1931 in the United States as Apparel Arts. It was a fashion magazine for the clothing trade, aimed primarily at wholesale buyers. Initially it had a limited print run and was aimed solely at industry insiders to enable them to give advice to their customers. The popularity of the magazine among retail customers, who took the magazine from the retailers. Apparel Arts continued until 1957, when it was transformed into a magazine for men. Apparel was dropped from the logo in 1958 with the issue after nine issues. Gentlemans Quarterly was re-branded as GQ in 1967, the rate of publication was increased from quarterly to monthly in 1970. Subsequently, international editions were launched as regional adaptations of the U. S. editorial formula, jim Nelson was named editor-in-chief of GQ in February 2003, during his tenure he worked as both a writer and an editor of several National Magazine Award-nominated pieces. During Nelsons tenure, GQ has become more oriented towards younger readers, nonnie Moore was hired by GQ as fashion editor in 1984, having served in the same position at Mademoiselle and Harpers Bazaar. GQ has been associated with metro-sexuality. They filled their magazines with images of young men sporting fashionable clothes and accessories. And they persuaded other young men to them with a mixture of envy. The magazine has expanded its coverage beyond lifestyle issues, for example, in 2003, Award winning journalist Sabrina Rubin Erdely wrote an 8-page feature story in GQ on famous con man Steve Comisar. GQ first named their Men of the Year in 1996, featuring the recipients in a special issue of the magazine. British GQ launched their annual Men of the Year awards in 2009, spanish GQ launched their Men of the Year awards in 2011 and GQ Australia launched theirs in 2007. Beginning in the 1990s, the magazine pivoted from a pattern of men-only on the cover to introducing including some female actors, models. While the men on the covers remained clothed, the photographs of women were mostly less than fully clothed
14.
Tracy Reese
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Tracy Reese is an American fashion designer who specializes in womens ready-to-wear clothing, accessories, and home fashions such as linens. She is a member of the Council of Fashion Designers of America. Reese is originally from Detroit, Michigan, and graduated from Cass Technical High School and she recalls making clothing from scratch while growing up, alongside her mother, while they worked sitting side-by-side at their own sewing machines. In 1982, she moved to New York City to pursue her education at Parsons School of Design, after graduating with an accelerated degree in 1984, Reese worked under Martine Sitbon at the firm Arlequin. She worked at several top fashion houses, and eventually became head of the Womens Portfolio for Perry Ellis before launching her own label. The Tracy Reese fashion label was launched in New York City in 1998, the Tracy Reese label produces both ready-to-wear and resort wear. Plenty and Frock. were launched as mass market lines at an affordable price range. Plenty has a focus on home fashions, Tracy Reese Black Label launched in 2009. Tracy Reese designs are noted for their femininity and retro-influenced style, the textiles themselves make use of colors, elaborate graphic patterns. Clothing and home fashions by Tracy Reeses design lines are carried by such as Bloomingdales, Bergdorf Goodman, Neiman Marcus, Anthropologie, Modcloth. The Tracy Reese flagship store in New York City opened in 2006, that’s what people come here for. There was a moment when big stores weren’t into that but our customer always was, in 2011, a second exclusive Tracy Reese store opened, this one in Tokyo. Her celebrity clients include First Lady Michelle Obama, who wore a custom-made Tracy Reese dress for her 2012 DNC Convention speech and many more. Reese has several collaborations underway as of 2011, which include, Tracy Reese for HUE hosiery, Tracy Reese for Sally Hansen, Tracy Reese by Jamberry Council of Fashion Designers of America List of fashion designers
15.
Rebecca Taylor
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Rebecca Taylor is a New Zealand-born fashion designer based in New York, New York, United States. Her retail outlets include boutiques in Japan and her company was reported in 2003 as having a US$12 million turnover. In New Zealand, Taylor attended St Catherines College, Wellington and she received her initial fashion training as part of Access, a government scheme, training at the Bowerman School of Design. She then went on to study Fashion Design at Wellington Polytechnic, one of her first jobs on the scheme was making clothes for Peter Jacksons Meet the Feebles’ puppet characters. After arriving in New York with $600 to her name, Taylor was eventually hired by fashion designer Cynthia Rowley and she débuted at New York Fashion Week as part of the Gen Art Styles competition in the late 1990s, before doing her own catwalk show in 1999. In January 2011, Rebecca Taylor was acquired by Kellwood Company, feminine, modern, refined, cool…Rebecca Taylor provides sophisticated garments of fine fabrics and artisanal techniques resulting in a downtown cool refined aesthetic. The collection focuses on modern romanticism crafted with high level of detail, rebecca’s daily inspiration is the contemporary woman - her spirited life and her individual style. Her commitment to designing beautifully constructed pieces with an effortless sensibility has established a following that includes celebrities. She is married to Wayne Pate, who was introduced to her via mutual friends, Rebecca Taylor Homepage Interview with Taylor Kellwood Acquires Rebecca Taylor
16.
Fashion show
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A fashion show is an event put on by a fashion designer to showcase their upcoming line of clothing during Fashion Week. Fashion shows debut season, particularly the Spring/Summer and Fall/Winter seasons. This is where the latest fashion trends are made, the two most influential fashion weeks are Paris Fashion Week and New York Fashion Week, which are both semiannual events. Also, the Milan, London, Sibiu and Berlin are of global importance, in a typical fashion show, models walk the catwalk dressed in the clothing created by the designer. The clothing is illuminated on the runway by the lighting, the order in which each model walks out wearing a specific outfit is usually planned in accordance to the statement that the designer wants to make about their collection. Occasionally, fashion shows take the form of installations, where the models are static, because the topic of fashion shows remains to find its historian, the earliest history of fashion shows remains obscure. In the 1800s, fashion parades periodically took place in Paris couture salons, American retailers imported the concept of the fashion show in the early 1900s. The first American fashion show took place in 1903 in the New York City store of the Ehrlich Brothers. By 1910, large department stores such as Wanamakers in New York City and these events showed couture gowns from Paris or the stores copies of them, they aimed to demonstrate the owners good taste and capture the attention of female shoppers. By the 1920s, retailers across the United States held fashion shows, often, these shows were theatrical, presented with narratives, and organized around a theme. These shows enjoyed huge popularity through mid-century, sometimes attracting thousands of customers and gawkers, in the 1970s and 1980s, American designers began to hold their own fashion shows in private spaces apart from such retailers. In the early 1990s, however, many in the world began to rethink this strategy. In response to these shows, the New York shows were centralized in Bryant Park during fashion week in late 1993, lately from the 2000s to today, fashion shows are usually also filmed and appear on specially assigned television channels or even in documentaries. In recent years, fashion shows have become increasingly elaborate for many of the top labels, during New York Fashion Week in 2014, designer Ralph Lauren presented his new Polo line for Spring 2015 in a water-screen projection in Manhattan’s Central Park. Technological progress has allowed a broader portion of the fashion industrys followers to experience shows. In 2010, London Fashion Week was the first fashion week to allow viewing of its shows through live streaming, live streaming of runway shows and mediated shows has now become commonplace. Tom Ford created a video with Lady Gaga for his Spring/Summer 2016 womens collection. Fashion Fashion week List of fashion events Fashion show lighting
17.
Acne Studios
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Acne Studios is a multidisciplinary fashion house based in Stockholm, Sweden with own-brand retail stores in locations around the world. It was founded in 1996 as part of the creative collective ACNE, the fashion house offers mens and womens ready-to-wear fashion, footwear, accessories and denim, as well as special artistic collaborations and one-off projects. Acne Studios was founded in 1996 in Stockholm, Sweden as part of the creative collective ACNE that focused on design, film, production. The name ACNE stands for Ambition to Create Novel Expressions, in 1997, cofounder Jonny Johansson created one hundred pairs of raw denim jeans with red stitching and gave them away to friends and family. Wallpaper and Vogue Paris quickly picked up on the popularity of the jeans, in 2006, Acne Studios became a standalone company and separated from Acne Film, Acne Advertising and Acne Digital, at the same time launching their ecommerce website acnestudios. com. Acne Studios design mens and womens fashion, footwear, accessories. The main womens Spring/Summer and Fall/Winter collections are presented twice a year at Paris Fashion Week, the womens Resort and Pre-Fall collections are presented in New York and mens main collections are presented twice a year in Paris. According to the Acne Studios environmental strategy the company wants to produce wares that are high quality, Acne Studios avoids traditional forms of marketing and advertising, choosing instead to publish a biannual magazine called Acne Paper. Acne Paper covers the disciplines of art, fashion, photography, design, architecture, academia, each issue is based around a theme that is interpreted by selected contributors from their field of expertise. Contributors to Acne Paper have included Carine Roitfeld, Noam Chomsky, David Lynch, Lord Snowdon, Azzedine Alaïa, Mario Testino, Sarah Moon, Tilda Swinton and Paolo Roversi. Acne Studios has own-brand stores in locations around the world including Stockholm, Copenhagen, Berlin, New York, Los Angeles, Melbourne, Sydney, Antwerp, London, Paris, Oslo, Hong Kong and Tokyo. Acne Studios has collaborated widely with representatives from the industries to produce limited edition collections. Official website Acne Group official site Acne Studios Environmental Strategy
18.
Balmain (fashion house)
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Balmain is a French fashion house that was founded by Pierre Balmain in 1946. In 2016 Mayhoola for Investments, an investment fund backed by the emir of Qatar, Balmain was born in 1914 in France. His father owned a business and his mother and sister owned a fashion boutique where he often worked after his father’s death in 1921. He attended the École des Beaux-Arts in 1933-1934 with intent to study architecture, after working for atelier Robert Piquet as a freelance artist and spending time with Edward Molyneux, he left school to work for Molyneux. In the late 1930s, he served in the French air force, after peace was declared, he worked at Lucien Lelong and opened his own fashion house under his name. He released his first collection in 1945 and his first fragrance in 1949, after Balmains death in 1982, the house was led by Erik Mortensen, described by Vogue as Pierre Balmains right hand. Mortensen had joined the house to work as Balmain’s assistant in 1951, after succeeding Balmain, Mortensen worked to maintain the brand aesthetic in the ever-living world of couture while still maintaining the progressive spirit of creativity in the fashion industry. He won two Golden Thimble awards, one for his Autumn/Winter collection of 83/84 and one for the Autumn/Winter collection of 87/88 and he left the house in 1990. After his departure, designer Hervé Pierre took over until 1992 working as director of ready-to-wear, possibly the most influential designer to take over at Balmain was Oscar de la Renta, who led the house between 1993 and 2002. Already a fashion veteran before joining Balmain, De la Renta brought a famous face to the brand Balmain and he lived in New York City most of his life, although he was born in the Dominican Republic and became a naturalized United States citizen in 1971. He fit into the Balmain design aesthetic, with an eye for detail and he, like Balmain, preferred modest and simple design rather than extremely ornamental and flashy styles. After Oscar de la Renta’s departure Christophe Decarnin joined the house in 2005, contrary to all the designers before him, Decarnin insisted on bringing the brand into the 21st century. He favored insanely expensive prices and flashy pieces that sharply contrasted with the reputation for its classic. He was considered a designer, and the brand became more about his star status than about its clothes. In April 2011 Balmain announced that Decarnin was to be replaced by Olivier Rousteing, Rousteing had joined the company in 2009, after attending a prestigious French fashion school and working under Roberto Cavalli. While he liked Decarnin’s aesthetic, he wanted to orient the label towards the finer aspects of French couture, at the time of his appointment, Rousteing was a relatively unknown designer, and has brought a much-needed fresh take on the brand’s aesthetic that remains to this day. He was credited with adding an Asian influence to the clothing, in 2015 H&M announced a collaboration with Balmain, making Balmain the 11th guest-designer collaboration. In April 2016, Balmain opened its New York flagship store in Soho, as of 2012, 50% of the companys total income is from license royalties
19.
Carolina Herrera (fashion designer)
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Her socialite grandmother introduced her to the world of fashion, taking young Carolina to shows by Balenciaga and buying her outfits at Lanvin and Dior. She has said My eye was accustomed to see pretty things, in 1957, at the age of 18, she married Guillermo Behrens Tello, a Venezuelan landowner, with whom she had two daughters, Mercedes and Ana Luisa. In 1968, in Caracas, she married Reinaldo Herrera Guevara, therefore, by marriage, Carolina held the title The Marquise consort of Torre Casa, until it was retracted in 1992, as Reinaldo had issued no son. Her husband is an editor of Vanity Fair magazine. In 2009, Herrera became a naturalized United States citizen, in 1965, Herrera began her career working as a publicist for Emilio Pucci, a Florentine Marquis himself and a close family friend. She began working at Puccis Caracas boutique, and moved to New York in 1980, frequently associating with Mick and Bianca Jagger and Andy Warhol, at Studio 54, she became well known for her dramatic style. She first appeared on the International Best Dressed List in 1972, in 1981, her friend Diana Vreeland, then Editor-in-Chief of Vogue suggested that Carolina design a clothing line. Upon this initial success, she returned to Caracas and raised capital to fund a more formal launch and her first runway show in 1980 included future supermodel Iman. Carolina Herrera presents her Ready-to-Wear Collection semiannually at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week in New York, in the late 1980s, Spanish fragrance company Puig licensed the Carolina Herrera name to develop and market a line of perfumes. In 1995, the acquired the Carolina Herrera fashion business. As of 2011, her daughters Carolina Jr. and Patricia Lansing participated in the creative direction and design. In February 2016, it was reported by WWD that the side of the business had more than 25,000 points of sale across the globe while the CH brand included 129 freestanding stores. In 2015, the first advert for the brand was released, featuring models Elisabeth Erm, in July 2016 Herrera announced the release of her new womens fragrance to be available for purchase in September, her biggest fragrance launch in 14 years. The scent is called Good Girl and Karlie Kloss is the face of the fragrance, in 2008, she was awarded the Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America, and Womenswear Designer of the Year in 2004. Herrera is a recipient of The International Center in New Yorks Award of Excellence as well as Spains Gold Medal for Merit in the Fine Arts and she was awarded the Gold Medal of the Queen Sofía Spanish Institute in 1997. She received the Fashion Group International Superstar Award, the Style Awards Designer of the Year in 2012 and she has been on the cover of Vogue seven times. Since 2004, she has been a member of the board of directors of jewelry designer Mimi So, in 2014, she earned the 2014 Couture Council Award for Artistry of Fashion. Carolina Herrera Spring 2014 Ready-to-Wear Collection Carolina Herrera runway shows and fashion collections Carolina Herrera
20.
Chanel
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Chanel S. A. is a French, privately held company owned by Alain and Gérard Wertheimer, grandsons of Pierre Wertheimer, who was an early business partner of the couturière Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel. Chanel S. A. is a fashion house that specializes in haute couture and ready-to-wear clothes, luxury goods. In her youth, Gabrielle Chanel gained the nickname Coco from her time as a chanteuse, the House of Chanel is known for the little black dress, the perfume No.5 de Chanel, and the Chanel Suit. Chanel’s use of jersey fabric produced garments that were comfortable and affordable, Chanel used colors traditionally associated with masculinity in Europe, such as grey and navy blue, to denote feminine boldness of character. An example of haute couture techniques is the woolen Chanel suit — a knee-length skirt. The complementary accessories were two-tone pump shoes and jewellry, usually a necklace of pearls, Coco Chanel thus could sell to them the hats she designed and made, she thus earned a living, independent of her financial sponsor, the socialite Balsan. Despite that social circumstance, Boy Capel perceived the businesswoman innate to Coco Chanel, because that locale already housed a dress shop, the business-lease limited Chanel to selling only millinery products, not couture. The First World War affected European fashion through scarcity of materials, in 1915 and in 1917, Harper’s Bazaar magazine reported that the garments of the House of Chanel were on the list of every buyer for the clothing factories of Europe. After the First World War, the House of Chanel, following the trends of the 1920s, produced beaded dresses. Originally, a bottle of No.5 de Chanel was a gift to clients of Chanel, the popularity of the perfume prompted the House of Chanel to offer it for retail sale in 1922. In 1923, to explain the success of her clothes, Coco Chanel told Harper’s Bazaar magazine that design simplicity is the keynote of all true elegance, business partners — late 1920s The success of the No. To that end, the businessman Théophile Bader introduced the venture capitalist Pierre Wertheimer to Coco Chanel, moreover, by 1937, the House of Chanel had expanded the range of its clothes to more women, and presented prêt-à-porter clothes designed and cut for the petite woman. Among fashion designers only the clothes created by Elsa Schiaparelli could compete with the clothes of Chanel. A. at 31 rue Cambon, meanwhile, because of the Nazi occupation’s official anti-Semitism, Pierre Wertheimer and family, had fled France to the U. S. in mid-1940. Later, in 1941, Coco Chanel attempted to assume control of Parfums Chanel. Occupied France abounded with rumours that Coco Chanel was a Nazi collaborator, her identity was secret agent 7124 of the Abwehr. At War’s end, upon the Allied liberation of France, Chanel was arrested for having collaborated with the Nazis, in Switzerland, the news revived Coco Chanel’s resentment at having been exploited by her business partner, for only ten per cent of the money. So she established a rival Swiss parfumerie to create, produce, in exchange Gabrielle Chanel closed her Swiss parfumerie enterprise, and sold to Parfums Chanel the full rights to the name Coco Chanel. As a post–War fashion that used some 20 yards of fabric, having decided to do business with Coco Chanel, Wertheimer’s negotiations to fund the resurgence of the House of Chanel, granted him commercial rights to all Chanel-brand products
21.
Christopher Kane
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Christopher Kane is a Scottish fashion designer based in London whose brand is now part of Kering. Kane was born as the youngest of five children in Newarthill, North Lanarkshire, to an engineer and draughtsman father and housewife mother. While still in college, he worked for fellow designers Russell Sage and Giles Deacon, Kane subsequently won the Harrods Design Award for his MA Graduate collection, consisting of £1,500 and a showpiece window in Harrods from 24 February to 8 March 2006. The collection consisted of stretch-lace dresses decorated with brass rings and he was immediately hired by Versace to work on the labels Atelier couture collection as well as consulting on shoes and accessories. He graduated from Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design in 2006, in August 2014, Kane was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to Septembers referendum on that issue. His first independent show, presented on 20 September 2006, consisted of super-short bandage dresses in neon shades, Kane said of his collection that he only used neon last year because it was first collection and I wanted to go as bright as possible. The collection was lauded by prominent international fashion critics and credited by various sources as a contributor to summer 2007s fluoro trends. In April 2006, Kane was awarded the Young Designer of the Year at the Scottish Fashion Awards, subsequently, the designer launched a capsule collection for British high-street clothing store Topshop. His second collection, show cased on 13 February 2007, once again received positive reviews from leading critics, moving away from his signature tight-fitted look, Kane showcased a collection of velvets and leathers in a more relaxed silhouette. This was also his first collaboration with prominent shoe designer Manolo Blahnik, Kane collaborations extend into music, whereby he designed costumes for Kylie Minogues music video 2 Hearts. On 18 October 2007, he collaborated with Beth Ditto for luxury label Swarovskis Fashion Rocks show held at the Royal Albert Hall to critical acclaim. In addition to designing his own label and consulting at Versace, he is part of Atlier Swarovski. On 10 September 2007, days before Kane was scheduled to show his third collection, in addition to cashmere and leather pieces, a laptop was also stolen. No fingerprints were found upon inspection, on 27 November 2007, he was awarded New Designer of The Year at the British Fashion Awards. Kane has also credited for single-handedly turning the fortunes of cashmere producer Johnstons of Elginby partnering with the company to produce his line of cashmere garments. Known to be a promoter of his home country, the designer was appointed as an ambassador for VisitScotland in January 2008. He celebrated Burns Night by showcasing a special show of his Spring-Summer 2008 collection as well as hosting an exclusive party at Harvey Nichols the ambassador for VisitScotland. Furthering his role, Kane collaborated with Lancôme to create a limited edition Juicy Tube lip gloss, the finished product, called Burns Night, is a tangerine colour with a beautiful illustration printed on the tube along with Kanes signature and was launched in February 2008
22.
Dolce & Gabbana
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Dolce & Gabbana is a luxury Italian fashion house founded in 1985 in Legnano by Italian designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana. The two met in Milan in 1980 and designed for the fashion house. In 1982 they established a designer consulting studio, in time it grew to become Dolce & Gabbana and they presented their first womens collection in 1985 in Milan, where a year later their store would open its doors. In 1988, they launched their line, and in 1989 they began designing underwear. Dolce & Gabbana started to export their products to Japan and other countries like the U. S. where they founded their own showroom in 1990, in 1992, the same year they presented their mens collection, they also launched their first perfume Dolce & Gabbana. They won the Woolmark award in 1991, and the prize most feminine flavor of the year in 1993, towards the end of the 1990s their sales were around 500 million dollars and in 2003 their revenue reached $633 million. By 2005, their turnover was €600 million, Domenico Dolce began his career in the fashion industry after dropping out of a three-year course in fashion design at Marangoni Institute, believing that he knew everything the school had to teach. His dream was to work for Giorgio Armani so one day, inside the door, there was a long white carpet leading to the receptionists desk. Dolce was not sure if he should walk on it with his shoes on, I am such a cretino, he says. He decided that he would look ridiculous appearing at the front desk without shoes, so he approached by sidling along the wall and he handed the book to the receptionist and to this day, Dolce does not know if Armani ever saw the sketches. Dolce found a job as an assistant to a designer named Giorgio Correggiari, One night at a club, he met a young man named Stefano Gabbana. Dolce was impressed with Gabbanas good looks and outgoing personality and Gabbana was happy to hear Dolces advice on how to approach Correggiari for a job. Correggiari ended up hiring Gabbana to work on sportswear, and Dolce taught him how to sketch and the basics of tailoring, Dolce, We always filed two different invoices for the freelance work we did, even when we were working for the same client. Gabbana, Our accountant said, Why not just do one invoice for both of you, put Dolce and Gabbana at the top. So the brand was born, the brainchild of a Milanese bookkeeper, the first collection from the design duo was shown in October 1985 alongside five other up-and-coming Italian labels as part of Milan Fashion Week. The two did not have money to hire models or provide accessories for them, so they sought help from their friends. The models simply wore their personal items to complement the clothing and they used a bed sheet that Dolce had brought from home as their stage curtain. The pair labeled their first collection Real Women, due in part to the use of local women on the runway
23.
Giorgio Armani
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Giorgio Armani is an Italian fashion designer, particularly noted for his menswear. He is known today for his clean, tailored lines and he is credited with pioneering red-carpet fashion. Whilst at secondary school at the Liceo Scientifico Respighi in Piacenza, Armani aspired to a career in medicine and he enrolled in the Department of Medicine at the University of Milan, but after three years, in 1953, he left and joined the army. Due to his background, he was assigned to the Military Hospital in Verona. He eventually decided to look for a different career path, after his stint in the armed forces, Armani found a job as a window dresser at La Rinascente, a department store in Milan in 1957. He went on to become a seller for the menswear department, in the mid-1960s, Armani moved to the Nino Cerruti company, for which he designed menswear. His skills were in demand, and for the decade, while continuing to work for Cerutti, Armani also freelanced. In the late 1960s, Armani met Sergio Galeotti, an architectural draftsman, in 1973, Galeotti persuaded him to open a design office in Milan, at 37 Corso Venezia. The international press was quick to acknowledge Armanis importance following the shows at the Sala Bianca in the Pitti Palace in Florence. The experience provided Armani with an opportunity to develop his own style in new ways. He was now ready to devote his energy to his own label, in October of that same year, he presented his first collection of mens ready-to-wear for Spring and Summer 1976 under his own name. He also produced a line for the same season. In 1979, after founding the Giorgio Armani Corporation, Armani began producing for the United States, the label became one of the leading names in international fashion with the introduction of several new product lines, including G. A. Le Collezioni, Giorgio Armani Underwear and Swimwear, and Giorgio Armani Accessories, a new store was opened in Milan for the Emporio line, followed by the first Giorgio Armani boutique. Armanis concern for the end user culminated in the development of a more youthful product with the level of stylistic quality as his high-end line. Because of the nature of the Emporio line, Armani felt that he had to make use of new. These included television spots and enormous street ads, together with a magazine that was sent out by mail to consumers. Armani also felt that a relationship with the cinema was essential and he designed the costumes for American Gigolo, the success of which led to a long-term collaboration with the world of film
24.
Givenchy
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Givenchy is a French luxury fashion and perfume house. It hosts the brand of haute couture clothing, accessories and Parfums Givenchy, perfumes, the house of Givenchy was founded in 1952 by designer Hubert de Givenchy and is a member of Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture et du Pret-a-Porter. It is owned by luxury group LVMH and in 1993 achieved a total worth of $176 million. In 1952, Hubert de Givenchy founded his own house and launched a new collection Les Séparables with some floaty skirts. Givenchy achieved critical acclaim with Vogue magazine praising his wonderful first collection14, the collection included the Bettina Blouse a white shirt named in honour of Bettina Graziani, which was then immortablized by one of Gruau’s paintings. Famous models such as- Suzy Parker, Ivy Nicholson, and Dorian Leigh became muses of the house, in terms of innovation, he used ‘shirting’, a raw cotton similar to pattern paper, to create his chic and casual collections. In 1954, Hubert de Givenchy presented the first shirt dress and he was the first high fashion designer to create a luxury ready-to-wear clothing line, called Givenchy Université, which was produced in Paris using machinery imported from the United States. Before he was able to sign for this new collection, Hubert de Givenchy bought all the shares of his house back from Louis Fontaine. In 1956, both Cristóbal Balenciaga and Hubert de Givenchy presented their collection in New York during a charity gala in aid of the American hospital in Paris, in 1957, the House of Balenciaga introduced the sack dress for the first time. In 1958, Cristóbal Balenciaga launched the ‘Baby Doll’ line, along with the coats line ‘Ballon’, in 1959, the Givenchy studio moved to number 3, Avenue George V in Paris, opposite Balenciaga’s. The same year, Givenchy and Balenciaga announced that their respective collections would be shown to the one month after their presentation to the buyers. In 1969, Hubert de Givenchy launched his line for men « Gentleman Givenchy ». The boutique was opened in November on Avenue George V. Hubert de Givenchy later introduced short dress, on the advice of Cristóbal Balenciaga, Givenchy developed his licences in the seventies, in order to protect the heart of the fashion house, the Haute Couture collections. In 1971, he designed a collection of embroidered coats in honour of Georges Braque, during this period, the House of Givenchy diversified its activities to create shoes, jewellery, ties, tableware, upholstery and kimonos. Hubert de Givenchy was chosen to design the interior of Hilton hotels around the world, in 1976, Givenchy Inc. arrived on New York’s Fifth Avenue. Later, Hubert de Givenchy was elected the personality of the year 1979, in 1982, a retrospective presided by Audrey Hepburn was organized by the Fashion Institute of Technology of New York. In 1988, Givenchy joined LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton, few years later, in 1991, a retrospective celebrated at the Galliera Palace the forty years of the fashion house. Hubert de Givenchy left the company in 1995 and he was succeeded by some British young creators such as, John Galliano, Alexander McQueen and Julien MacDonald
25.
Jason Wu
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Jason Wu is a Canadian artist and fashion designer based in New York City. He is best known for designing the dresses of Michelle Obama on several occasions, including those worn during the first, Jason Wu was born in Taipei, Taiwan and emigrated to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada at age nine. He attended Eaglebrook School in Deerfield, Massachusetts and Loomis Chaffee in Windsor, Connecticut and he learned how to sew by designing and sewing for dolls, and went on to study sculpture in Tokyo. At age sixteen Wu continued this path by learning to create freelance doll clothing designs for toy company Integrity Toys under the lines Jason Wu dolls. The following year, he was named director of Integrity Toys. While spending his senior year of school in Rennes, France before graduating from the Loomis Chaffee School in 2001. He then studied at the Parsons The New School for Design, Wu launched his ready-to-wear line of clothes with earnings from his years of doll designs. His first Fashion collection started from 2003 not 2006 and he won the Fashion Group Internationals Rising Star award in 2008. Jason Wus dresses were photographed underwater by Howard Schatz for Delta Faucet Companys Brizo branded faucet campaign in 2006. In 2008 he was nominated for the CFDA / Vogue Fashion Fund award, bruce Weber shot the designer for W magazines Summer Camp portfolio in July 2008. Wus early clients included Ivana Trump, January Jones, and Amber Valletta and he also worked extensively with drag queen RuPaul, ultimately designing six RuPaul dolls. Wu collaborated with Creative Nail Design for his Spring 2011 collection to create a set of four nail polish colours that was to be retailed from May 2011, in June 2013, Wu was named as the Art Director of German fashion house Hugo Boss overseeing the entire womenswear range. Michelle Obama is a noted Jason Wu customer and she was introduced to Wu by André Leon Talley, Vogue Magazines editor-at-large, who had been advising the former First Family on their appearance. She wore another dress, a custom-designed one-shoulder, floor-length white chiffon gown, appearing on the cover of Vogue, Obama once again wore a Wu design, a magenta silk dress. On April 2,2009, Obama paired a traditional looking teal Wu dress with a blue-patterned cardigan designed by Junya Watanabe on her visit to the Royal Opera House. Mrs. Obama again wore a dress that was designed by Wu, Wu, who is openly gay, married Gustavo Rangel in April 2016 in Mexico. LGBT culture in New York City All Access at Jason Wus New York Fashion Week 360 Jason Wu autumn/winter 2011-12 collection Official Website Jason Wu dolls
26.
Louis Vuitton
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Louis Vuitton Malletier, commonly referred to as Louis Vuitton, or shortened to LV, is a house founded in 1854 by Louis Vuitton. The labels LV monogram appears on most of its products, ranging from luxury trunks and leather goods to ready-to-wear, shoes, watches, jewelry, accessories, sunglasses, for six consecutive years, Louis Vuitton was named the worlds most valuable luxury brand. Its 2012 valuation was US$25.9 billion, the 2013 valuation of the brand was US$28.4 billion with revenue of US$9.4 billion. The company operates in 50 countries with more than 460 stores worldwide, the Louis Vuitton label was founded by Vuitton in 1854 on Rue Neuve des Capucines in Paris, France. Louis Vuitton had observed that the HJ Cave Osilite trunk could be stacked and in 1858, Vuitton introduced his flat-bottom trunks with trianon canvas. Before the introduction of Vuittons trunks, rounded-top trunks were used, generally to promote water run off and it was Vuittons gray Trianon canvas flat trunk that allowed the ability to stack with ease for voyages. Many other luggagemakers imitated LVs style and design, the company participated in the 1867 Universal Exhibition in Paris. To protect against the duplication of his look, Vuitton changed the Trianon design to a beige, by 1885, the company opened its first store in London on Oxford Street. In 1892, Louis Vuitton died, and the management passed to his son. After the death of his father, Georges Vuitton began a campaign to build the company into a worldwide corporation, in 1896, the company launched the signature Monogram Canvas and made the worldwide patents on it. Its graphic symbols, including quatrefoils and flowers, were based on the trend of using Japanese Mon designs in the late Victorian era, the patents later proved to be successful in stopping counterfeiting. In this same year, Georges traveled to the United States, where he toured cities such as New York, Philadelphia, in 1901, the Louis Vuitton Company introduced the Steamer Bag, a smaller piece of luggage designed to be kept inside Vuitton luggage trunks. By 1913, the Louis Vuitton Building opened on the Champs-Elysees and it was the largest travel-goods store in the world at the time. Stores also opened in New York, Bombay, Washington, London, Alexandria, afterwards, in 1930, the Keepall bag was introduced. During 1932, LV introduced the Noé bag and this bag was originally made for champagne vintners to transport bottles. Soon thereafter, the Louis Vuitton Speedy bag was introduced, in 1936 Georges Vuitton died, and his son, Gaston-Louis Vuitton, assumed control of the company. During World War II, Louis Vuitton collaborated with the Nazis during the German occupation of France, the family set up a factory dedicated to producing artifacts glorifying Pétain, including more than 2,500 busts. Caroline Babulle, a spokeswoman for the publisher, Fayard, said, They have not contested anything in the book, responding to the books release in 2004, a spokesman for LVMH said, This is ancient history
27.
Marquess
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A marquess is a nobleman of hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The term is used to translate equivalent Asian styles, as in imperial China. In Great Britain and Ireland, the spelling of the aristocratic title of this rank is marquess. In Scotland the French spelling is sometimes used. In Great Britain and Ireland, the ranks below a duke. A woman with the rank of a marquess, or the wife of a marquess, is called a marchioness /ˌmɑːrʃəˈnɛs/ in Great Britain, the dignity, rank or position of the title is referred to as a marquisate or marquessate. The theoretical distinction between a marquess and other titles has, since the Middle Ages, faded into obscurity. In times past, the distinction between a count and a marquess was that the land of a marquess, called a march, was on the border of the country, while a land, called a county. As a result of this, a marquess was trusted to defend and fortify against potentially hostile neighbours and was more important. The title is ranked below that of a duke, which was restricted to the royal family. In the German lands, a Margrave was a ruler of an immediate Imperial territory, German rulers did not confer the title of marquis, holders of marquisates in Central Europe were largely associated with the Italian and Spanish crowns. The word entered the English language from the Old French marchis in the late 13th or early 14th century, the French word was derived from marche, itself descended from the Middle Latin marca, from which the modern English words march and mark also descend. In Great Britain and Ireland, the spelling for an English aristocrat of this rank is marquess. The word marquess is unusual in English, ending in -ess but referring to a male, a woman with the rank of a marquess, or the wife of a marquess, is called a marchioness in Great Britain and Ireland, or a marquise /mɑːrˈkiːz/ elsewhere in Europe. The dignity, rank or position of the title is referred to as a marquisate or marquessate, the honorific prefix The Most Honourable is a form of address that precedes the name of a marquess or marchioness in the United Kingdom. The rank of marquess was a late introduction to the British peerage, no marcher lords had the rank of marquess. The following list may still be incomplete, feminine forms follow after a slash, many languages have two words, one for the modern marquess and one for the original margrave. Even where neither title was used domestically, such duplication to describe foreign titles can exist
28.
Miu Miu
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Miu Miu is an Italian high fashion womens clothing and accessory brand and a fully owned subsidiary of Prada. It is headed by Miuccia Prada and headquartered in Milan, Italy, Miu Miu was established in 1993 by Miuccia Prada. The name was conceived from Miuccia Pradas family nickname, in 2012, Miu Miu launched the Womens Tales series. The campaign consisted of films that were produced in conjunction with high-profile female directors. The outcome was a list of short, silent films that featured Miu Mius collections, the first four short films premiered at the 69th Venice International Film Festival and were directed by Zoe Cassavetes, Lucrecia Martel, Giada Colagrande, and Massy Tadjedin. A fifth film that debut in 2013, was written and directed by Ava DuVernay, on May 17,2013, a statement against sexual harassment and gender discrimination at workplace was released by the UN Committee. In April 2013, an American Change. org petition against Miuccia Prada and this petition was against Miuccia Prada for countersuing a victim for voicing her opinion against sexual harassment. This petition damaged the brand image, on May 28,2013, The UN has backed former Prada employee Bovrisse over the sexual harassment and discrimination case of Prada. Vogue launched a news article, Prada Vs The UN with a comment, Anyone who buys from the Prada and Miu Miu brands are supporting a culture of discrimination and power harassment. Set to launch its first fragrance in 2015, Miu Mius new venture is backed by the agreement between Coty Inc. and Prada. This is the first time that Miu Miu has expanded outside the fashion, there are Miu Miu boutiques located on a global scale. Miu Miu opened its first independent store in China in the MIX in the city of Shenzhen in 2009. A new North American store was launched in Houston, Texas, in The Galleria during the summer of 2011 and in Short Hills, New Jersey, Miu Miu also opened their first Australian boutique at Chadstone Shopping Centre in Melbourne. A second opened at Westfield Sydney in 2011, a branch opened in Glasgow, Scotland, in 2010 and is situated in the Frasers department store. In May 2011, Miu Miu appointed the actress Hailee Steinfeld to be the new face of the brand. For the 2012 campaign, a 34-year-old, U. S. model Guinevere Van Seenus was chosen, official website Miu Miu – brand and company profile at Fashion Model Directory Short info about Miu Miu Fashion Shows, Runway Collections and Fashion Tv
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Oscar de la Renta
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Óscar Arístides Renta Fiallo, known professionally as Oscar de la Renta, was a Dominican-American fashion designer. Born in Santo Domingo, he was trained by Cristóbal Balenciaga, De la Renta became internationally known in the 1960s as one of the couturiers who dressed Jacqueline Kennedy. An award-winning designer, he worked for Lanvin and Balmain and his eponymous fashion house continues to dress leading figures, from film stars to royalty. The Fiallos, De la Rentas mothers family, were so embedded in Dominican society that they could count poets, scholars and their origin in the island can be traced back to the foundation of San Carlos de Tenerife in 1685 by Canarian settlers. A maternal uncle, Luis Arístides Fiallo Cabral, was a doctor, lawyer, and architect, another maternal uncle, Fabio Fiallo, was a diplomat and poet. On his fathers side, De la Rentas great-great grandfather José Ortíz de la Renta, was the first mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico elected by popular vote. He had the distinction of serving as mayor eight times, the most ever — 1812–1814, 1815–1816, 1820–1821, 1823–1826, 1837–1838, 1842–1843, and 1843–1844, De la Renta was raised Catholic in a protective family. His mother died from complications of multiple sclerosis when he was 18, at the age of 18, he went to study painting in Spain at the Academy of San Fernando in Madrid. For extra money, he drew clothes for newspapers and fashion houses. After Francesca Lodge, the wife of John Davis Lodge, the U. S. Ambassador to Spain, saw some of his dress sketches, the dress appeared on the cover of Life magazine that fall. He considered Cristóbal Balenciaga his mentor, in 1961, de la Renta left Spain to join Antonio del Castillo as a couture assistant at Lanvin in Paris. In 1963, de la Renta turned to Diana Vreeland, the editor-in-chief of Vogue for advice, saying that what he wanted was to get into ready to wear. Vreeland replied, Then go to Arden because you make your reputation faster. She is not a designer, so she will promote you, at the other place, you will always be eclipsed by the name of Dior. De la Renta proceeded to work for Arden for two years in New York City before he went to work for Jane Derby, an American fashion house, when Derby died in August 1965, de la Renta took over the label. From 1993 to 2002, de la Renta designed the haute couture collection for the house of Balmain, in 2006, the Oscar de la Renta label diversified into bridal wear. De la Rentas designs have been worn by a group of distinguished women. De la Rentas brand saw international wholesale growth beginning in 2003, under the direction of CEO Alex Bolen, De la Rentas ready-to-wear designs are available in his retail stores, online, and with select wholesale partners worldwide
30.
Prada
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Prada S. p. A. is an Italian luxury fashion house, specializing in leather handbags, travel accessories, shoes, ready-to-wear, perfumes and other fashion accessories, founded in 1913 by Mario Prada. The company was started in 1913 by Mario Prada and his brother Martino as a goods shop – Fratelli Prada – in Milan. Initially, the shop sold leather goods and imported English steamer trunks, Mario Prada did not believe that women should have a role in business, and so he prevented female family members from entering into his company. Ironically, Marios son harbored no interest in the business, so it was his daughter Luisa Prada who took the helm of Prada as his successor and her own daughter, Miuccia Prada, joined the company in 1970, eventually taking over for her mother in 1978. Miuccia began making waterproof backpacks out of Pocone and she met Patrizio Bertelli in 1977, an Italian who had begun his own leather goods business at the age of 17, and he joined the company soon after. He advised Miuccia—and she followed the advice—on better decisions for the Prada company and it was his advice to discontinue importing English goods and to change the existing luggage. Miuccia inherited the company in 1978 by which time sales were up to U. S. $450,000, with Bertelli alongside her as business manager, Miuccia was allowed time to implement her creativity in the companys designs. She would go on to incorporate her ideas into the house of Prada that would change it and she released her first set of backpacks and totes in 1979. They were made out of a tough military spec black nylon that her grandfather had used as coverings for steamer trunks. Initial success was not instant, as they were hard to sell due to the lack of advertising and high-prices, next, Miuccia and Bertelli sought out wholesale accounts for the bags in upscale department stores and boutiques worldwide. The next big release was a nylon tote and that same year, the house of Prada began expansion across continental Europe by opening locations in prominent shopping districts within Florence, Paris, Madrid, and New York City. A shoe line was released in 1984. In 1985, Miuccia released the classic Prada handbag that became an overnight sensation, although practical and sturdy, its sleek lines and craftsmanship exuded an offhand aura of luxury that has become the Prada signature. In 1987, Miuccia and Bertelli married, Prada launched its womens ready-to-wear collection in 1989, and the designs came to be known for their dropped waistlines and narrow belts. Pradas popularity skyrocketed when the world took notice of its clean lines, opulent fabrics. The logo for the label was not as obvious a design element as those on bags from other prominent luxury brands such as Louis Vuitton and it tried to market its lack of prestigious appeal, including the apparel, was its image of anti-status or reverse snobbery. Pradas originality made it one of the most influential fashion houses, sales were reported at L70 billion, or US$31.7 million, in 1998. Partrizio di Marco took charge of the business in the United States after working for the house in Asia
31.
Ralph Lauren
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Ralph Lauren is an American fashion designer, philanthropist, and business executive, best known for the Ralph Lauren Corporation, a global multibillion-dollar enterprise. He has also become known for his collection of rare automobiles. Lauren stepped down as Chief Executive Officer of the company in September 2015 but remains its Executive Chairman, as of October 2016, Forbes estimates his wealth at $5.5 billion, which makes Ralph Lauren the 233rd richest person in the world. Ralph Lauren was born in The Bronx, New York City, to Ashkenazi Jewish immigrants, Frieda and Frank Lifshitz and he is the youngest of four siblings – two brothers and one sister. Lauren attended day school followed by MTA, before graduating from DeWitt Clinton High School in 1957. He grew up playing basketball and baseball and he wanted to be Joe DiMaggio, and then he wanted to be a movie star. Lauren constantly draws inspiration from his heroes including Frank Sinatra, Cary Grant and he went to Baruch College, at the City University of New York where he studied business, although he dropped out after two years. From 1962 to 1964 he served in the United States Army, the Ralph Lauren Corporation started in 1967 with men’s ties. At 28 years-old, Lauren worked for the tie manufacturer Beau Brummell, drawing on his interests in sports, Ralph Lauren named his first full line of menswear ‘Polo’ in 1968. He worked out of a drawer from a showroom in the Empire State Building. By 1969, the Manhattan department store Bloomingdales sold Lauren’s men line exclusively and it was the first time that Bloomingdale’s had given a designer their own in-store boutique. In 1971, Ralph Lauren Corporation launched a line of tailored shirts for women, the first full women’s collection was launched the following year. 1971 also marked the opening of Ralph Lauren’s store on Rodeo Drive in Beverly Hills and this is the first freestanding store for an American designer. In 1972 the Ralph Lauren Corporation introduced a signature cotton mesh Polo shirt in various colors, featuring the polo player logo at the chest, the shirt became emblematic of the preppy look—one of Ralph Laurens signature styles. The tag line for the ad campaign was, Every team has its color -- Polo has seventeen, in 1977, Diane Keaton and Woody Allen wore Lauren’s clothes throughout their Oscar-winning film, Annie Hall. The first Ralph Lauren fragrances, produced by Warner-Lauren, Ltd. were launched at Bloomingdales in March 1978, Lauren, a fragrance for women, on March 12 and Polo, cologne for men, on March 26. This was the first time that a designer has introduced two fragrances – one for men and one for women – simultaneously, Ralph Lauren opens his first flagship in the Rhinelander mansion, on Madison Avenue and 72nd Street in New York City in 1986. Lauren re-creates the buildings original opulence with a design consultant named Naomi Leff
32.
Stella McCartney
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Stella Nina McCartney, OBE is an English fashion designer. She is the daughter of former Beatles member Paul McCartney and American musician, photographer, McCartney was born in Lambeth, London, the second child of Beatle Paul McCartney and American photographer Linda McCartney. She is named after her maternal great-grandmothers, as a young girl, McCartney travelled the globe with her parents and their group Wings, along with her siblings, older sister Heather, older sister Mary, and younger brother James. According to her father, the name of Wings was inspired by Stellas difficult birth, as his daughter was being born by emergency caesarean section, Paul sat outside the operating room and prayed that she be born on the wings of an angel. McCartney has said that while attending school, she was a victim of bullying. McCartney became interested in designing clothes as a youth, at age thirteen, she designed her first jacket. Three years later, she interned for Christian Lacroix, working on her first haute couture collection, honing her skills working for Edward Sexton, her fathers Savile Row tailor for a number of years. She studied her foundation at Ravensbourne College of Design and Communication, followed by Fashion Design at Central Saint Martins in the early 1990s, she graduated in 1995. Her graduation collection was modelled by friends and supermodels Naomi Campbell, Yasmin Le Bon, the collection was shown to a song penned by her famous father, called Stella May Day. The show made front-page news, and the collection was sold to Tokyo. The designs were licensed to Browns, Joseph, Bergdorf Goodman and Neiman Marcus, in 1998, she designed her sister Marys wedding dress for her wedding to television producer Alistair Donald. A lifelong vegetarian, McCartney does not use any leather or fur in her designs, some of McCartneys designs have text that elaborates on her no animal policy, for example, one of her jackets for Adidas says, suitable for sporty vegetarians on the sleeve. She does use wool, silk, and other animal-derived fabrics in her designs, in March 1997 McCartney was appointed creative director of Paris fashion house Chloé, following in the footsteps of Karl Lagerfeld. Lagerfeld was less impressed with the houses choice, stating. They did, but in music, not fashion, lets hope shes as gifted as her father. Despite initial skepticism, McCartneys designs have enjoyed commercial and critical success. She was accompanied to Chloé by her assistant and friend Phoebe Philo, in 2001, McCartney launched her own fashion house under her name in a joint venture with Gucci Group and showed her first collection in Paris. Her collections are now distributed in over 50 countries through 600 wholesale accounts including specialty shops, in 2003, McCartney launched her first perfume, Stella
33.
Tory Burch
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Tory Burch is an American fashion designer, businesswoman, and philanthropist, who has won several fashion awards for her designs. She is the Chairman, CEO, and Designer of Tory Burch LLC, in 2015, she was listed as the 73rd most powerful woman in the world by Forbes. Burch was born in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Reva and she was raised with her three brothers in a Valley Forge farmhouse, a 250-year-old Georgian near the Valley Forge National Historical Park. Her father was an investor who inherited a stock exchange seat. He dated Grace Kelly and Joan Bennett before marrying Reva, an actress who had dated both Steve McQueen and Marlon Brando, Burch is Jewish on her mothers side. Burch attended the Agnes Irwin School in Rosemont, Pennsylvania where she was captain of the tennis team and her first job was at Benetton in the King of Prussia Mall. She then attended the University of Pennsylvania, where she was a member of the sorority Kappa Alpha Theta and she majored in art history, and graduated in 1988. After graduating from college, Tory moved to New York City where she worked for Zoran and she then moved into public relations and advertising positions at Vera Wang, Polo Ralph Lauren and Loewe when Narciso Rodriguez was there. Burch began her fashion label – TRB by Tory Burch, later known as Tory Burch – in February 2004, Most of the inventory sold out on the first day. When Oprah Winfrey endorsed her line on The Oprah Winfrey Show in April 2005, calling Burch the next big thing in fashion, since launch, the company has grown to include more than 190 Tory Burch stores worldwide. In 2015 Burch also introduced a separate performance activewear line, Tory Sport, with a dedicated website, a stand-alone store on Fifth Avenue in New York, as well as boutiques in East Hampton and Dallas, followed in 2016. Burchs style has been described as preppy-boho and preppy-bohemian luxe, and is associated with her T-logo medallion. Known for being easy to wear and versatile, her styles are popular with women of all ages, including the viewers and fans of the television show Gossip Girl, where they were often featured. In 2007, there were wait lists to buy Tory Burch fashions, Burch named her line of Reva ballerina flats after her mother. In 2005, Burch won the Rising Star Award for Best New Retail Concept from the Fashion Group International, in 2007, she won the Accessory Brand Launch of the year award at the Accessories Council Excellence Awards. In 2008, Burch won the Council of Fashion Designers of America award for Accessories Designer of the Year, working Mother included her on their list of the 50 Most Powerful Moms of 2015. In 2015, she received the Breast Cancer Research Foundations Sandra Taub Humanitarian Award, Burch has consistently been included on Forbes list of The World’s 100 Most Powerful Women. As of 2015, she is listed as the 73rd most powerful woman in the world by Forbes
34.
Versace
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Gianni Versace S. p. A. usually referred to as Versace, is an Italian luxury fashion company and trade name founded by Gianni Versace in 1978. The Versace logo is the head of Medusa, a Greek mythological figure, the logo came from the floor of ruins in Rome that the Versace siblings played in as children. Gianni Versace chose Medusa as the logo because she made people fall in love with her and he hoped his company would have the same effect on people. The Versace brand is known for having flashy prints and bright colors, in 1972, Gianni Versace designed his first collections for Callaghan, Genny, and Complice. In 1978, the company launched under the name Gianni Versace Donna, the first Versace boutique was opened in Milans Via della Spiga in 1978. Versace was one of the few independent designers who was in control of everything about the brand, in 1982, the company expanded into the accessory, jewelry, home furnishing, and china industries. In 1993, Donatella Versace created the Young Versace line as well as Versus, in 1994, the brand gained widespread international coverage due to the Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley, referred to at the time as that dress. Versace was often described as the Rock n Roll designer because they designed for many clients, including Elton John, Michael Jackson. Versace designed the costumes and album cover costumes for Elton John in 1992. Versace has also designed clothing for the Princess of Wales and Princess Caroline of Monaco, the Versace company is known for using the same models in their ads as they do on the runway. After the murder of Gianni Versace in 1997, his sister Donatella Versace, formerly vice-president, took over as creative director, donatellas daughter Allegra Versace was left a 50 percent stake in the company, which she assumed control of on her eighteenth birthday. The companys profits were in decline in the early 2000s, Fabio Massimo Cacciatori was hired as interim CEO to reorganise, Cacciatori resigned in December 2003 due to disputes with the Versace family. From 2004 Giancarlo di Risio, from IT Holding, was CEO of the group until his resignation in 2009 due to disagreements with Donatella, since July 2009, Gian Giacomo Ferraris, previously of Jil Sander, has operated as CEO for the group. In February 2014 The Blackstone Group purchased a 20 percent stake in Versace for 210 million €, as of August 2013, more than 80 boutiques operate worldwide, the first boutique outside of Italy was opened in Glasgow, Scotland in 1991. In 2006, Gianni Versace S. p. A. entered into a partnership with Automobili Lamborghini S. p. A. to produce the Lamborghini Murciélago LP640 VERSACE, the car had a Versace white satin interior with the Versace logo embroidered into the seats. The car was available in black and white, there were only ten units produced. The car was sold with a luggage set, luxury driving shoes. The Versace company teamed up with AgustaWestland in 2008 to create the AgustaWestland AW109 Grand Versace VIP luxury helicopter, the helicopter includes Versace leather interior and a design on the outside
35.
Marie Claire
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Marie Claire is an international monthly magazine for women. First published in France in 1937, various editions are published in countries and languages. The United States edition focuses on women around the world and several global issues, Marie Claire magazine also covers health, beauty, and fashion topics. Marie Claire was founded by Jean Prouvost and Marcelle Auclair and its first issue appeared in 1937, and it was distributed each Wednesday. In 1976, Prouvost retired and his daughter took over the magazine. One of the earliest international editions of Marie Claire is its German edition, the U. S. edition of the magazine was started by the Hearst Corporation, based in New York City, in 1994. Hearst has branch offices in France, Italy, and several locations in the United States such as Detroit, the West Coast, New England, the Midwest, the Southwest, and the Southeast. The Esquire Network reality television series Running In Heels follows three interns working in the NYC office of the magazine, Marie Claire UK is part of Time Inc. In 2006, it launched its website with segments on daily news, catwalk show, photographs and reports, fashion and beauty, buys of the day, daily horoscopes, and competitions. In Australia, Marie Claire magazine is part of Pacific Magazines, the Marie Claire website provides daily fashion, beauty, and lifestyle news to Yahoo.7. Marie Claire has also Arabic editions which are published in Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, international editions of Marie Claire have also been discontinued in Estonia, Germany, India, Philippines, and Poland. Following a relaunch, since 2012, Marie Claire has been published in Japan under the name Marie Claire Style and this new format is offered as a free supplement in the Yomiuri Shimbun and distributed in wealthy suburbs of Japan. The magazine has now made available at subway kiosks for a cover price of 200 yen. In 2010, an Indonesian edition was launched, currently, Marie Claire publishes editions in over 35 countries on 5 continents. List of womens magazines List of Marie Claire cover models Marie Claire US Marie Claire UK Marie Claire Turkey American Marie Claire – magazine profile at Fashion Model Directory
36.
Allure (magazine)
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Allure is an American women’s beauty magazine, published monthly by Conde Nast in New York City. It was founded in 1991 by Linda Wells, michelle Lee replaced Wells in 2015. A signature of the magazine is its annual Best of Beauty awards—accolades given in the October issue to beauty products deemed the best by magazine staff. In 1990, S. I. Newhouse Jr. chairman of Condé Nast, at the time, Wells was the beauty editor and the food editor at The New York Times Magazine. The magazine’s prototype was shredded shortly before the launch date and, after overhauling everything. The magazine’s original format was oversize, but this prevented it from fitting into slots at grocery-store checkouts, after four issues, Allure changed to a standard-size glossy format. Allure focuses on beauty, fashion, and women’s health, Allure was the first women’s magazine to write about the health risks associated with silicone breast implants, and has reported on other controversial health issues. The magazine’s circulation, initially 250,000 in 1991, is over 1 million as of 2011, many writers have contributed to Allure. Among them are Arthur Miller, John Updike, Jhumpa Lahiri, Michael Chabon, Kathryn Harrison, Frank McCourt, Isabel Allende, elizabeth Gilbert’s essay “The Road to Rapture, ” published in Allure in 2003, was the precursor to her memoir, Eat, Pray, Love. Photographers who have shot for Allure include Michael Thompson, Mario Testino, Patrick Demarchelier, Tina Barney, Marilyn Minter, Carter Smith, Steven Klein, Steven Meisel, and Helmut Newton. Allure began its Best of Beauty awards program in the mid-1990s, at the initiative of Wells, to help choose among the vast array of makeup, skin-care. Allure has two sets of awards, one judged by the editors and the other by readers. A “winners’ seal” logo, developed by Allure, appears on many of the winning products, to ensure that its judgments are neutral, Allures ad department isn’t involved in the selections. In 2010, the magazine developed an app that highlights the winning products. There was an outrage when the magazine showed Marissa Neitling with an Afro haircut, the magazine has been on Adweek’s Hot List in 1993,1994,1995,2003, and 2007. Allure has received 29 awards from the American Academy of Dermatology,9 journalism awards from the Fragrance Foundation, the Achiever Award from Cosmetic Executive Women The Matrix Award for magazine leadership from New York Women in Communications, Inc. Wells, along with Allure editors Michael Carl and Kelly Atterton, have appeared as judges on the Bravo TV series Shear Genius, Allure editors have appeared as experts on programs such as the Today show and 60 Minutes, and Allure stories frequently receive national attention. Hilary Duff played an Allure intern in Cheaper by the Dozen 2
37.
Max Azria
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Max Azria is a Tunisian fashion designer who founded the contemporary womens clothing brand BCBGMAXAZRIA. Azria is also the designer, chairman and CEO of the BCBG Max Azria Group and he is based in Los Angeles. Max Azria was born in Sfax, Tunisia as the youngest of six children to a Tunisian Jewish family, as a child, Max was educated in southeastern France before his family relocated to Paris, France in 1963. His brother is Serge Azria, founder of the clothing lines Joie, Current/Elliott. After 11 years of designing a line of apparel in Paris, Azria moved to Los Angeles, California in 1981 and launched Jess. In 1989, Azria launched BCBG Max Azria, named for the French phrase bon chic, bon genre, Azria was credited for offering designer fashion at affordable price points and, as a result, was inducted into the Council of Fashion Designers of America in 1998. The BCBG Max Azria Runway collection was first presented at New York Fashion Week in 1996, Azria also maintains two eponymous designer collections, Max Azria Atelier and Max Azria. Launched in February 2004, Max Azria Atelier is a collection of couture gowns created for celebrity clients, sharon Stone, Halle Berry, Fergie and Alicia Keys have worn the label on the red carpet. In February 2006, Azria debuted Max Azria, a collection with a directional aesthetic. During the 2009 awards season, Angelina Jolie wore Max Azria to the 2009 Screen Actors Guild Awards, the company bought out the bankrupt G+G Retail, which operated the G+G and Rave brands, in 2006. Azria acquired the Hervé Léger fashion house in 1998, marking the first time in history that an American designer had acquired a French couturier, in early 2007, Azria relaunched the Hervé Léger label with his own designs, which were quickly embraced by celebrities and trendsetters worldwide. Azria launched a contemporary collection called BCBGeneration in 2008. In June 2009, Azria teamed up with Miley Cyrus to create a line for Walmart called Miley Cyrus & Max Azria, Azria also designed clothing for Cyrus 2009 American tour. BCBG Max Azria Group is a fashion house with a portfolio including more than 20 brands. Max Azria is the CEO, chairman and head designer alongside his wife, Lubov Azria, as of 2006, there are over 550 BCBG Max Azria boutiques worldwide, including locations in London, Paris, Tokyo, Santiago and Hong Kong. BCBG Max Azria Group campaigns regularly feature notable models, including Eva Herzigova, Karen Elson, the company frequently works with internationally renowned photographers such as Patrick Demarchelier, Paolo Roversi and David Sims. BCBG Max Azria Group clothing are featured in major fashion publications such as Vogue, InStyle and Vanity Fair. Azria also received the Wells Fargo Century Fashion Achievement Award at the 2007 L. A, Fashion Awards and the 2008 Fashion Excellence Award at the 33rd Annual Dallas Fashion Awards
38.
Yohji Yamamoto
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Yohji Yamamoto is an influential Japanese fashion designer based in Tokyo and Paris. Considered a master tailor alongside those such as Madeleine Vionnet, he is known for his avant-garde tailoring featuring Japanese design aesthetics, born in Tokyo, Yamamoto graduated from Keio University with a degree in law in 1966. He gave up a legal career to assist his mother in her dressmaking business. He further studied design at Bunka Fashion College, getting a degree in 1969. Yamamoto debuted in Paris in 1981, more recently he has expounded, “When I started making clothes for my line Y’s in 1977, all I wanted was for women to wear men’s clothes. I jumped on the idea of designing coats for women and it meant something to me – the idea of a coat guarding and hiding a woman’s body. I wanted to protect the body from something – maybe from men’s eyes or a cold wind. ”His commercially successful main line, Yohji Yamamoto. These two lines are available at his flagship stores in New York, Paris, and Antwerp. Other principal lines include Pour Homme, Costume dHomme, and the diffusion line Coming Soon, Yohji Yamamoto Inc. reported in 2007 that the sales of Yamamotos two main lines average above $100 million annually. Yamamoto is known for a spirit in his clothing, frequently creating designs far removed from current trends. His signature oversized silhouettes often feature drapery in varying textures, Yohji collections are predominately made in black, a colour which Yamamoto has described as “modest and arrogant at the same time. Black is lazy and easy - but mysterious, but above all black says this, I don’t bother you - don’t bother me. Yohji Yamamoto was invited to curate the second issue of A MAGAZINE curated by in 2005, poor decisions by finance managers pushed the brand into debts of more than 65 million US dollars in 2009, which angered Yamamoto and led to a company restructuring from 2009 to 2010. Yohji has expressed a love for designing clothing, going so far as to say he cannot imagine retired. In 2008, the Yohji Yamamoto Fund for Peace was established to foster development of Chinas fashion industry, Yamamoto has been quoted as saying, they must have so many angry young people. Being a fashion designer or an artist, you have to be angry, of the fashion show he staged in Beijing in spring 2008 to launch this initiative, Yamamoto said, Its not political. I am going to open a store here, then Chinese people will come and shop there, the real art is making people happy, but also asking questions about society. 1972 Ys joint stock corporation founded,1981 Pret a porter collection debut in Paris
39.
Hugo Boss
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Hugo Boss AG, often styled as BOSS, is a German luxury fashion house. It was founded in 1924 by Hugo Boss and is headquartered in Metzingen, originally focusing on uniforms, it was a supplier for Nazi Party organizations both before and during World War II. After the war and the death in 1948, Hugo Boss started to turn its focus from uniforms to mens suits. In 1924, Hugo Boss started a company in Metzingen, a small town south of Stuttgart. Due to the climate of Germany at the time, Boss was forced into bankruptcy. In 1931, he reached an agreement with his creditors, leaving him with six sewing machines to start again and that same year, he became a member of the Nazi Party and a sponsoring member of the Schutzstaffel. He also joined the German Labour Front in 1936, the Reich Air Protection Association in 1939, after joining these organizations, his sales increased from 38,260 RM to over 3,300,000 RM in 1941. His profits also increased in the time period from 5,000 RM to 241,000 RM. Though he claimed in a 1934–35 advertisement that he had been a supplier for National Socialist uniforms since 1924 and this is the year he became a Reichszeugmeisterei-licensed supplier of uniforms to the Sturmabteilung, Schutzstaffel, Hitler Youth, National Socialist Motor Corps, and other party organizations. For production in years of the war, Hugo Boss used prisoners of war and forced labourers, from the Baltic States, Belgium, France, Italy, Austria, Poland, Czechoslovakia. According to German historian Henning Kober, the managers were fervent Nazis who were all great admirers of Adolf Hitler. In 1945 Hugo Boss had a photograph in his apartment of him with Hitler, in a 1946 judgment he was stripped of his voting rights, his capacity to run a business, and fined a very heavy penalty of 100,000 DM. He died in 1948, but his business survived, as a result of the ban on Boss being in business, his son-in-law Eugen Holy took over ownership and running of the company. In 1950, after a period supplying work uniforms, the received its first order for mens suits. By 1960 the company was producing ready made suits, in 1969, Eugen retired, leaving the company to his sons Jochen and Uwe, who began international development. In 1970, the first Boss branded suits were produced, with the brand becoming a registered trademark in 1977 and this was followed by the start of the companys long association with motorsport, sponsoring Formula One driver Niki Lauda, and later the McLaren Racing team. In 1984, the first Boss branded fragrance appeared and this helped the company gain the required growth for listing on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange the following year. The brand entered the world of golf by sponsoring Bernhard Langer in 1986, in 1989, Boss launched its first licensed sunglasses
40.
Caleres
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Caleres Inc. is a global footwear company that owns and operates a variety of footwear brands. Its headquarters is located in Clayton, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis, the company was created in St. Louis and was originally named Bryan, Brown & Company after its founders George Warren Brown and Alvin Bryan. The company began business in 1878 and incorporated in 1881 as Bryan-Brown Shoe Company, in 1886, the company became the Brown-Desnoyers Shoe Company, after Mr. Bryan retired. In 1893, Mr. J. B. Desnoyers also retired, in 1895, the Brown Shoe Company factory had about six hundred employees who could make five thousand pairs of shoes and boots a day. In 1925, Browns widow endowed the George Warren Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis, on May 27,2015, Brown Shoe changed its name to Caleres, retaining the Brown Shoe name for a future line of mens footwear. Caleres, Inc. is a $2.6 billion footwear company with worldwide operations, the company operates the 1, 100-store Famous Footwear chain. It also operates 100 specialty retail stores in the United States, Canada, Brown Shoes wholesale divisions own and market leading footwear brands including Naturalizer, LifeStride, Via Spiga, Sam Edelman, Connie and Franco Sarto. The company also owns licensed brands including Dr. Scholls, Carlos by Carlos Santana, DVF - Diane Von Furstenberg, Fergie Footwear, as of February 2011, American Sporting Goods Corporation operates as a subsidiary of Caleres. Its brands include Avia, Ryka and Nevados, Diane M. Sullivan serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of Caleres. She has been president and CEO since May 2011 and took on the role of chairman of the board beginning February 2,2014. She joined the company as president in 2003 and added chief operating officer to her responsibilities in 2006, since 1904, Caleres mascots have been cartoon characters Buster Brown and his dog Tige. Both appear on the television commercials. In the 1940s and 50s, they became stars of Buster Brown Comics when the company made a foray into the comic book publishing industry. The characters appeared on the covers of the books, and each contained an adventure. The characters were revived with an updated, more contemporary look for an advertising campaign in the 1980s and 1990s. Funding Universe, www. fundinguniverse. com/ —Extensive and detailed company history, database and Cover Gallery of comic books published by the Brown Shoe Company, www. comics. org/ http, //investor. brownshoe. com/corporate-governance/officers
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Elle (magazine)
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Elle is a worldwide lifestyle magazine of French origin that focuses on fashion, beauty, health, and entertainment. Elle is also the worlds best-selling fashion magazine and it was founded by Pierre Lazareff and his wife Hélène Gordon in 1945. The title, in French, means she or her, Elle was founded in France in 1945. In the 1960s, it was considered to not so much reflect fashion as decree it, with 800,000 loyal readers, in 1981, Daniel Filipacchi and Jean-Luc Lagardère purchased Hachette magazines, which included the then-struggling Elle. Elle was then launched in the U. S, the Chinese version of the magazine was published in 1988, and is the only edition which is published twice monthly. In 2007 the website of Elle was launched, among its past editors is Jean-Dominique Bauby, who became known for writing a book after suffering almost total paralysis. Elle is the worlds largest fashion magazine, with 43 international editions in over 60 countries, technologically speaking, the Elle brand is a global network encompassing over 33 websites. Subscriptions account for 73 percent of readers, there are 33 Elle websites globally, which collectively attract over 25 million unique visitors and 370 million page views per month. The magazine reaches over 69 million readers, the vast majority of Elles audience are women between the ages of 18 and 49. Its readers have an age of 34.7 years. Forty percent of the readers are single, and the household income is $69,973. Our readers are young enough to think about life as an adventure and old enough to have the means to live it, said Roberta Myers, the first international edition of Elle was launched in Japan in 1969. Then, its U. S. and UK editions were launched in 1985, next year, the magazine was first published in Spain. In 1987, Elle began to be published in Hong Kong, in 1988, the magazine was launched in six countries, namely Germany, Brazil, China, Sweden, Greece and Portugal. Next year it was first published in the Netherlands and Quebec, in 1990, the magazine was started in Australia and Taiwan. Its Russian edition, published monthly, was launched in 1996, Elle is owned by the Lagardère Group of France. It is published in the U. S, in China, the publisher is Shanghai Translation Publishing House. And in India its owned and published by Ogaan Publications Pvt, in December 2013, Elle hired Randy Minor as design director
42.
Love (magazine)
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Love is a bi-annual British style magazine founded in 2009 by stylist and fashion journalist Katie Grand, who remains editor-in-chief. Since 2012, Lulu Kennedy has been editor-at-large and Alex Fury has been editor of this Condé Nast publication, suzanne Weinstock of the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism described the magazine this way in 2010, Despite its glossy pages, the magazine has a raw look. Black-and-white photography dominates, and most of the color photography has a muted palette, some images are clearly fashion photography, others are more like inventive snapshots. Nudity is plentiful in many styles, from the grittily pornographic to the breathtakingly artistic, the first cover in 2009 featured American singer-songwriter Beth Ditto, naked. Later covers have featured Madonna, Cher, Kate Moss, Miley Cyrus, Lea T, Justin Bieber, and even Minnie Mouse
