Massalia
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Massalia was an ancient Greek colony on the Mediterranean coast, east of the Rhône. Settled by Ionians from Phocaea c. 600 BC, this apoikia grew up rapidly, and became the center of Greek trade in wes
Massalia large coin 5th 1st century BCE
Vestiges of the ancient port of Massalia.
Silver drachm from Massalia (c. 390–220 BC), lion walking right
Pytheas
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Pytheas of Massalia was a Greek geographer, explorer and astronomer from the Greek colony of Massalia. He made a voyage of exploration to Northern Europe in about 325 BC, but his account of it, known
Massalia
…c. mid-3rd c.). Massalia was known in ancient times for its explorers: Euthymenes travelled to the west African coast in the late 6th century BC, and Pytheas explored northwestern Europe in the late 4th century BC. The colony remained a faithful ally of Rome during all of the Punic Wars (264–146 BC), while…
Pytheas of Massalia (Πυθέας ὁ Μασσαλιώτης) in the 10th century manuscript of Strabo (Geog.7.3.1) written in Byzantine Greek minuscule.
The 1620 edition of Strabo's Geographica, published in Paris.
A reconstruction of a Celtic thatched hut in Wales.
Pancake ice in the Baltic in spring near the Swedish coast.