Mattress
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A mattress is a large, usually rectangular pad for supporting a lying person. It is designed to be used as a bed, or on a bed frame as part of a bed. Mattresses may consist of a quilted or similarly fastened case, usually of heavy cloth, containing materials such as hair, straw, cotton, foam rubber, or a framework of metal springs. Mattresses may also be filled with air or water.
Two-sided, innerspring pillow-top mattress on box-spring foundation with a woven damask cover also called a mattress sheet
Photo on a 1940 USDA circular promoting home production of cotton mattresses
Bed
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A bed is an item of furniture that is used as a place to sleep, rest, and relax.
Bedroom on the Detmold Open-air Museum premises
Modern day beds
Tutankhamun's gilded bed from the 14th century BC, a bier from his tomb, fashioned to resemble the goddess Sekhmet, the fierce lioness who was the protector of the kings in life and death, Cairo Museum
These stone boxes in Skara Brae are thought to have held bedding. The stone-built settlement was inhabited between c. 3180 BC to about c. 2500 BC