1.
Phoenix Comicon
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Phoenix Comicon is a multigenre entertainment and comic book convention held annually in Phoenix, Arizona. It was founded as the Phoenix Cactus Comicon in June 2002, PCC plays host to comic related panels, programming events, art contests, and autograph signings for all ages. It is an event held during the summer at the Phoenix Convention Center in downtown Phoenix. On Thursday evening prior to the opening of the event, there is a preview for professionals, exhibitors. In 2016, the set a attendance record of 106,096. Phoenix Comicon has also begun to expand programming into the hotels, including the Hyatt Regency, Marriott Renaissance. It was re-branded as Phoenix Fan Fest and moved to October in 2016 at the Phoenix Convention Center, the first Phoenix Comicon was held in June 2002 as Phoenix Cactus Comicon. It was a convention for six hours held at a Best Western in Ahwatukee. Admission was $3 per person and there were 432 attendees, along with a few local creators and exhibitors, the following three years, the convention was held at the Glendale Civic Center. The size of the convention and the attendance were doubled from the year. The convention began to bring out some guests from out of state including Spider-Man artist Todd Nauck, the programming was increased to include Q&As with guests, how-to workshops, and film trailer presentations. In 2006, the convention was held at the Mesa Convention Center in Mesa and it also became a two-day convention, with Friday preview night, and had guests such as voice actors Johnny Young Bosche and Greg Ayres. The exhibitor room was expanded, as was the amount of programming offered. This was the first convention to expand beyond comic books into the pop culture community, including Anime, Manga, Sci-Fi, Fantasy. Attendance was over 2,600 people for the weekend, the convention was held in January from 2007 to 2009, at the Mesa Convention Center. 2007 was considered the conventions first foray into media guests, with Feedback, in 2009, the event was expanded to 3 days, with a Thursday preview night. Beginning in 2010 the convention was held on Memorial Day weekend, at the Phoenix Convention Center and this change was due to the large increase in attendance, and the availability of funds to hold the convention in a larger venue. Bigger names, such as Leonard Nimoy, George Takei, in 2014, due to a scheduling conflict, the convention was moved to the first week of June as opposed to Memorial Day weekend
2.
Manhattan, New York City
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city
3.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year
4.
Pitzer College
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Pitzer College is a private residential liberal arts college located in Claremont, California, United States, a college town approximately 39 miles east of downtown Los Angeles. The college has an emphasis on the social sciences, behavioral sciences, international programs. It is one of the Claremont Colleges, considered by many to be West-Coast Ivy League equivalent schools, for the class of 2020 the college reported an acceptance rate of 12. 9%, one of the top-five lowest acceptance rates of liberal arts colleges in the world. Pitzer was founded in 1963 as a college by Russell K. Pitzer, a California citrus magnate, philanthropist. During the Colleges first year, students and faculty created the curriculum, the College graduated its first class of students in 1965 and became co-educational in the fall of 1970. The first academic term in the fall of 1964 began with eleven professors and 153 students from sixteen states, Pitzers current president is the first African American to lead any of the five Claremont Colleges. Access to campus is provided via Interstate 10 and Interstate 210. The campus includes 16 buildings, including 5 residence halls, West and East Halls, which earned Platinum LEED certification, opened in fall 2012, three of the residence halls were built in 2007 and are Gold LEED-Certified. Currently, Foothill Boulevard/Historic Route 66 and Harvey Mudd College border the campus to the north, Claremont Boulevard to the east, Ninth Street to the south, and North Mills Avenue to the west. Possible future campus expansion into the Claremont University Consortium East Campus Property would extend the boundary of campus towards Monte Vista Boulevard. At present, the campus is approximately in half by Pitzer Road. Harvey Mudd College is adjacent to Pitzer’s north, Scripps to the west, a notable exception is the Grove House, a California bungalow built in 1902 for a local citrus grower during the height of the Arts and Crafts movement. The building, a popular campus hangout, was purchased for $1.00, the Grove House is home to a cafe, the Womens Center, the Hinshaw Gallery and the EcoCenter. The John R. Rodman Arboretum is part of the campus, several varieties of citrus and other fruit are grown throughout campus and an organic community garden, dedicated grove and chicken coop are located north of Mead Hall. The George C. S. Benson Auditorium was completely renovated in 2010 and is designed to accommodate classes, panel discussions, lectures, film screenings, dance and musical performances, the Stephen L. Glass Commencement Plaza is located on the southwest edge of campus. Nearby beach volleyball and basketball courts opened in April 2010 and the first commencement was held on the new Commencement Plaza in May 2010, the Keck Science Complex II is located on the southwest corner of the campus, formerly the Sanborn Parking Lot. Consisting of four units, the complex opened in fall 2011 and house science labs, classrooms. In the future, a second Joint Science building will occupy this space, a greenhouse, which houses the work of the Ferre/Marquet Vaccine Research Center at Pitzer College, is located northwest of the Grove House
5.
Bachelor of Arts
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A Bachelor of Arts is a bachelors degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both. Bachelor of Arts degree programs take three to four years depending on the country, academic institution, and specific specializations, majors or minors. The word baccalaureus or baccalarium should not be confused with baccalaureatus, degree diplomas generally are printed on high-quality paper or parchment, individual institutions set the preferred abbreviation for their degrees. In Pakistan, the Bachelor of Arts degree can also be attained within two years as an external degree, in colleges and universities in Australia, New Zealand, Nepal and South Africa, the BA degree can be taken over three years of full-time study. Unlike in other countries, students do not receive a grade for their Bachelor of Arts degree with varying levels of honours. Qualified students may be admitted, after they have achieved their Bachelors program with an overall grade point average. Thus, to achieve a Bachelor Honours degree, a postgraduate year. A student who holds a Honours degree is eligible for entry to either a Doctorate or a very high research Master´s degree program. Education in Canada is controlled by the Provinces and can be different depending on the province in Canada. Canadian universities typically offer a 3-year Bachelor of Arts degrees, in many universities and colleges, Bachelor of Arts degrees are differentiated either as Bachelors of Arts or as honours Bachelor of Arts degree. The honours degrees are designated with the abbreviation in brackets of. It should not be confused with the consecutive Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours, Latin Baccalaureatus in Artibus Cum Honore, BA hon. de jure without brackets and with a dot. It is a degree, which is considered to be the equivalent of a corresponding maîtrise degree under the French influenced system. Going back in history, a three-year Bachelor of Arts degree was called a pass degree or general degree. Students may be required to undertake a long high-quality research empirical thesis combined with a selection of courses from the relevant field of studies. The consecutive B. cum Honore degree is essential if students ultimate goal is to study towards a two- or three-year very high research masters´ degree qualification. A student holding a Baccalaureatus Cum Honore degree also may choose to complete a Doctor of Philosophy program without the requirement to first complete a masters degree, over the years, in some universities certain Baccalaureatus cum Honore programs have been changed to corresponding master´s degrees. In general, in all four countries, the B. A. degree is the standard required for entry into a masters programme, in science, a BA hons degree is generally a prerequisite for entrance to a Ph. D program or a very-high-research-activity master´s programme
6.
American University
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American University is a private research university in Washington, D. C. United States, affiliated with the United Methodist Church, although the curriculum is secular. The university was chartered by an Act of Congress on February 24,1893, as The American University, AU was named the most politically active school in the nation in The Princeton Reviews annual survey of college students in 2008,2010, and 2012. As of 2016, roughly 7,710 undergraduate students and 5,230 graduate students are currently enrolled, the school has grown increasingly competitive in recent years, with a 25% acceptance rate for the Class of 2020 versus a 46% acceptance rate for the class of 2018. A member of the Division I Patriot League, its sports compete as the American University Eagles. The American University was established in the District of Columbia by an Act of Congress on December 5,1892, after more than three decades devoted principally to securing financial support, the university was officially dedicated on May 15,1914. The first instruction began on October 6 of that year, when 28 students were enrolled, the First Commencement, at which no degrees were awarded, was held on June 2,1915. The Second Annual Commencement was held on June 2,1916 where the first degrees were awarded, shortly after these early commencement ceremonies, classes were interrupted by war. During World War I, the university allowed the U. S. military to use some of its grounds for testing, in 1917, the U. S. military divided American University into two segments, Camp American University and Camp Leach. Camp American University became the birthplace of the United States chemical weapons program, and chemical weapons were tested on the grounds, Camp Leach was home to advanced research, development and testing of modern camouflage techniques. As of 2014, the Army Corps of Engineers is still removing ordnance including mustard gas, during the next ten years, instruction was offered at the graduate level only, in accordance with the original plan of the founders. In the fall of 1925, the College of Liberal Arts was established, since that date, the University has offered both undergraduate and graduate degrees and programs. In 1934, the School of Public Affairs was founded, during World War II, the campus again offered its services to the U. S. government and became home to the U. S. Navy Bomb Disposal School and a WAVE barracks. For AUs role in wartime efforts, the Victory ship SS American Victory was named in honor of the university. The present structure of the university began to emerge in 1949, the Washington College of Law became part of the University in that year, having begun in 1896 as the first coeducational institution for the professional study of law in the District of Columbia. In the early 1960s, the Department of Defense and the Central Intelligence Agency operated a tank under the guise of Operation Camelot at American University. The government abandoned the tank after the operation came to public attention. AUs political intertwinement was furthered by President John F. Kennedys Spring 1963 commencement address, from 1965 to 1977, the College of Continuing Education existed as a degree-granting college with responsibility for on- and off-campus adult education programs
7.
Mel Brooks
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Melvin Brooks is an American filmmaker, comedian, actor, composer, and songwriter. He is known as a creator of broad film farces and comic parodies, Brooks began his career as a comic and a writer for the early TV variety show Your Show of Shows. He became well known as part of the duo with Carl Reiner in the comedy skit The 2000 Year Old Man. He also created, with Buck Henry, the hit comedy series Get Smart. In middle age, Brooks became one of the most successful directors of the 1970s. His best-known films include The Producers, The Twelve Chairs, Blazing Saddles, Young Frankenstein, Silent Movie, High Anxiety, History of the World, Part I, Spaceballs and Robin Hood, Men in Tights. A musical adaptation of his first film, The Producers, ran on Broadway from 2001 to 2007, in 2001, having previously won an Emmy, a Grammy and an Oscar, he joined a small list of EGOT winners with his Tony award for The Producers. Brooks was married to Oscar-winning actress Anne Bancroft from 1964 until her death in 2005, Brooks was born Melvin Kaminsky on June 28,1926, in Brooklyn, New York, to James and Kate Kaminsky, and grew up in Williamsburg. His fathers family were German Jews of Polish descent from the Free City of Danzig, his mothers family were Jews from Kiev and he had three older brothers, Irving, Lenny, and Bernie. Brooks father died of disease at 34 when Brooks was two years old. He has said of his fathers death, Theres an outrage there, I may be angry at God, or at the world, for that. And Im sure a lot of my comedy is based on anger, growing up in Williamsburg, I learned to clothe it in comedy to spare myself problems—like a punch in the face. Brooks was a small, sickly boy who often was bullied and teased by his classmates and he was taught by Buddy Rich how to play the drums and started earning money at it when he was 14. After the war, Brooks started working in various Borscht Belt resorts and nightclubs in the Catskill Mountains as a drummer, around this time, he changed his professional name to Mel Brooks after being confused with the Borscht Belt trumpet player Max Kaminsky. After a regular comic at one of the nightclubs was too sick to perform one night, Brooks started working as a comic, telling jokes. He also began acting in stock in Red Bank, New Jersey. He eventually worked his way up to the comically aggressive job of Tummler at Grossingers, Brooks found more rewarding work behind the scenes, becoming a comedy writer for television. In 1949 his friend Sid Caesar hired Brooks to write jokes for the NBC series The Admiral Broadway Revue, paying him $50 a week
8.
Anne Bancroft
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Anna Maria Louisa Italiano, known professionally as Anne Bancroft, was an American actress associated with the method acting school, having studied under Lee Strasberg. Respected for her acting prowess and versatility, Bancroft was acknowledged for her work in film, theatre and she won one Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, two Golden Globes, two Tony Awards and two Emmy Awards, and several other awards and nominations. She won both an Oscar for her work in the film, and a Tony for the role in the play. On Broadway in 1965, she played a medieval nun obsessed with a priest in John Whitings play The Devils and she was perhaps best known as the seductress, Mrs. Robinson, in The Graduate, a role that she later stated had come to overshadow her other work. Bancroft received several other Oscar nominations and continued in lead roles until the late 1980s, in 1987, she starred with Anthony Hopkins in 84 Charing Cross Road. In the 1990s she returned to supporting roles in films, and she received Emmy and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations, for The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone, as well as an Emmy nomination for 2001s Haven. Bancroft was born Anna Maria Louisa Italiano in the Bronx, New York, Bancrofts parents were both children of Italian immigrants. In an interview, she stated her family was originally from Muro Lucano and she was raised in the Belmont neighborhood of the Bronx, later moving to 1580 Zerega Ave. and graduated from Christopher Columbus High School in 1948. She later attended HB Studio, the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, the Actors Studio, after appearing in a number of live television dramas under the name Anne Marno, she was told to change her surname for her film debut in Dont Bother to Knock. In 1958, Bancroft made her Broadway debut as lovelorn, Bronx-accented Gittel Mosca opposite Henry Fonda in William Gibsons two-character play Two for the Seesaw, for Gittel, she won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play. She took the role to Hollywood, and won the Academy Award for Best Actress. She had returned to Broadway to star in Mother Courage and Her Children, so Joan Crawford accepted Bancrofts Oscar on her behalf, Bancroft is one of the few actors to have won an Academy Award and a Tony Award for the same role. Bancroft co-starred as a medieval nun obsessed with a priest in the 1965 Broadway production of John Whitings play The Devils, produced by Alexander H. Cohen and directed by Michael Cacoyannis, it ran for 63 performances. Bancroft received a second Academy Award nomination in 1965 for her performance in The Pumpkin Eater and her best-known role during this period was Mrs. Robinson in The Graduate, for which she received a third Academy Award nomination. In the film, she played a married woman who seduces a family friend. In the movie, Hoffmans character later dates and falls in love with her daughter, Bancroft was ambivalent about her appearance in The Graduate, she stated in several interviews that the role overshadowed all of her other work. Despite her character becoming an archetype of the older woman role, a CBS television special, Annie, the Women in the Life of a Man, won Bancroft an Emmy Award for her singing and acting. Bancroft is one of few entertainers to win an Oscar, an Emmy
9.
Zombie (fictional)
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A zombie is a fictional undead being created through the reanimation of a human corpse. Zombies are most commonly found in horror and fantasy genre works, the term comes from Haitian folklore, where a zombie is a dead body reanimated through various methods, most commonly magic. Modern depictions of zombies do not necessarily involve magic but often invoke science fictional methods such as carriers, radiation, mental diseases, vectors, viruses, scientific accidents, etc. The English word zombie is first recorded in 1819, in a history of Brazil by the poet Robert Southey, the Oxford English Dictionary gives the origin of the word as West African, and compares it to the Kongo words nzambi and zumbi. One of the first books to expose Western culture to the concept of the zombie was The Magic Island by W. B. This is the account of a narrator who encounters voodoo cults in Haiti. Time claimed that the book introduced zombi into U. S. speech, Zombies have a complex literary heritage, with antecedents ranging from Richard Matheson and H. P. Lovecraft to Mary Shelleys Frankenstein drawing on European folklore of the undead. In 1932, Victor Halperin directed White Zombie, a film starring Bela Lugosi. Here zombies are depicted as mindless, unthinking henchmen under the spell of an evil magician, a new version of the zombie, distinct from that described in Haitian folklore, has also emerged in popular culture during the latter half of the twentieth century. This zombie is taken largely from George A. Romeros seminal film Night of the Living Dead, the word zombie is not used in Night of the Living Dead but was applied later by fans. The zombie apocalypse concept, in which the world is brought low by a global zombie infestation. The Oxford English Dictionary gives the origin of the word as West African, in Haitian folklore, a zombie is an animated corpse raised by magical means, such as witchcraft. The concept has been associated with the religion of voodoo. How the creatures in contemporary zombie films came to be called zombies is not fully clear, the film Night of the Living Dead made no spoken reference to its undead antagonists as zombies, describing them instead as ghouls. Although George Romero used the term ghoul in his original scripts, the word zombie is used exclusively by Romero in his 1978 script for his sequel Dawn of the Dead, including once in dialog. According to George Romero, film critics were influential in associating the term zombie to his creatures and he eventually accepted this linkage even though he remained convinced at the time that zombies corresponded to the undead slaves of Haitian voodoo as depicted in Bela Lugosis White Zombie. Zombies are featured widely in Haitian rural folklore as dead persons physically revived by the act of necromancy of a bokor, the bokor is opposed by the houngan or priest and the mambo or priestess of the formal voodoo religion. A zombie remains under the control of the bokor as a personal slave, the Haitian tradition also includes an incorporeal type of zombie, the zombie astral, which is a part of the human soul
10.
West Point, New York
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West Point is the oldest continuously occupied military post in the United States. West Point was established in 1775 by George Washington who considered it the most important strategic position in America, until January 1778, West Point was not occupied by the military. It comprises approximately 16,000 acres including the campus of the United States Military Academy at West Point and it is a Census Designated Place located in the Town of Highlands in Orange County, New York, located on the western bank of the Hudson River. The population was 6,763 at the 2010 census and it is part of the New York–Newark–Jersey City, NY–NJ–PA Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York–Newark, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area. West Point, was a site during the Revolutionary War. Originally picked because of the abnormal S-curve in the Hudson at this point, it was founded by military engineer and it was manned by a small garrison of Continental soldiers through the entirety of the war. A great iron chain was laid across the Hudson at this point in order to impede British Navy vessels, the site comprised multiple redoubts, including Fort Putnam, which is still preserved in a Revolutionary-period design. However, Arnolds plot failed when British Major John André was captured as a spy by the Americans, arnold received a decreased cash reward of £6,000 but was commissioned as a Brigadier General in the British Army. The United States Military Academy was established at West Point in 1802 and has the longest continuous service of any United States military installation and is the nations oldest service academy. In 1937, the West Point Bullion Depository was constructed, in 1988, it became the West Point Mint, West Point is located at 41° 23′ N 73°58 W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 25.1 square miles,24.3 sq mi land and 0.7 sq mi water. West Point and the village of Highland Falls, New York, are on the west bank of the Hudson River. West Point lies in the transition between the continental and humid subtropical zones, although lying closer to the former, with four distinct seasons. Summers are hot and humid, while winters are cold with moderate snowfall. The monthly daily average ranges from 27.5 °F in January to 74.1 °F in July, on average, temperatures reaching 90 °F or 0 °F occur on 17 and 1.4 days of the year. Extremes in temperature range from 106 °F on July 22,1926 down to −17 °F on February 9,1934, as of the census of 2010 there were 6,763 people, and 685 households residing in the CDP. The population density was 293.4 per square mile, there were 1,044 housing units at an average density of 42. 9/sq mi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 82. 31% White,9. 09% African American,0. 50% Native American,3. 35% Asian,0. 15% Pacific Islander,1. 64% from other races, and 2. 96% from two or more races
11.
American Jews
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American Jews, also known as Jewish Americans, are Americans who are Jews, either by religion, ethnicity, or nationality. The Jewish community in the United States is composed predominantly of Ashkenazi Jews and their US-born descendants, Minority Jewish ethnic divisions are also represented, including Sephardic Jews, Mizrahi Jews, and a smaller percentage of converts to Judaism. The American Jewish community manifests a wide range of Jewish cultural traditions, depending on religious definitions and varying population data, the United States is home to the largest or second largest Jewish community in the world. In 2012, the American Jewish population was estimated at between 5.5 and 8 million, depending on the definition of the term and this constitutes between 1. 7% and 2. 6% of the total U. S. population. Jews have been present in what is today the United States of America since the mid-17th century, however, they were small in number, with at most 200 to 300 having arrived by 1700. The majority were Sephardic Jewish immigrants of Spanish and Portuguese ancestry, until after 1720 when Ashkenazi Jews from Central, after passage of the Plantation Act of 1740, Jews were specifically permitted to become British citizens and immigrate to the colonies. Until about 1830, Charleston, South Carolina had more Jews than anywhere else in North America and they primarily became merchants and shop-owners. Jewish migration to the United States increased dramatically in the early 1880s, as a result of persecution, many Jews also emigrated from Romania. Over 2,000,000 Jews landed between the late 19th century and 1924, when the Immigration Act of 1924 restricted immigration, most settled in the New York metropolitan area, establishing the worlds major concentrations of Jewish population. In 1915 the circulation of the daily Yiddish newspapers was half a million in New York City alone, in addition thousands more subscribed to the numerous weekly papers and the many magazines. American Jewish writers of the time urged assimilation and integration into the wider American culture,500,000 American Jews fought in World War II, and after the war younger families joined the new trend of suburbanization. There, Jews became increasingly assimilated and demonstrated rising intermarriage, more recent waves of Jewish emigration from Russia and other regions have largely joined the mainstream American Jewish community. Americans of Jewish descent have been successful in many fields. Scholars debate whether the historical experience for Jews in the United States has been such a unique experience as to validate American exceptionalism. Korelitz shows how American Jews during the late 19th and early 20th centuries abandoned a racial definition of Jewishness in favor of one that embraced ethnicity. The key to understanding this transition from a racial self-definition to a cultural or ethnic one can be found in the ‘’Menorah Journal’’ between 1915 and 1925, siporin uses the family folklore of ethnic Jews to their collective history and its transformation into an historical art form. They tell us how Jews have survived being uprooted and transformed, many immigrant narratives bear a theme of the arbitrary nature of fate and the reduced state of immigrants in a new culture. By contrast, ethnic family narratives tend to show the more in charge of his life
12.
Italian people
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Italians are a nation and ethnic group native to Italy who share a common culture, ancestry and speak the Italian language as a native tongue. The majority of Italian nationals are speakers of Standard Italian. Italians have greatly influenced and contributed to the arts and music, science, technology, cuisine, sports, fashion, jurisprudence, banking, Italian people are generally known for their localism and their attention to clothing and family values. The term Italian is at least 3,000 years old and has a history that goes back to pre-Roman Italy. According to one of the common explanations, the term Italia, from Latin, Italia, was borrowed through Greek from the Oscan Víteliú. The bull was a symbol of the southern Italic tribes and was often depicted goring the Roman wolf as a defiant symbol of free Italy during the Social War. Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus states this account together with the legend that Italy was named after Italus, mentioned also by Aristotle and Thucydides. The Etruscan civilization reached its peak about the 7th century BC, but by 509 BC, when the Romans overthrew their Etruscan monarchs, its control in Italy was on the wane. By 350 BC, after a series of wars between Greeks and Etruscans, the Latins, with Rome as their capital, gained the ascendancy by 272 BC, and they managed to unite the entire Italian peninsula. This period of unification was followed by one of conquest in the Mediterranean, in the course of the century-long struggle against Carthage, the Romans conquered Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica. Finally, in 146 BC, at the conclusion of the Third Punic War, with Carthage completely destroyed and its inhabitants enslaved, octavian, the final victor, was accorded the title of Augustus by the Senate and thereby became the first Roman emperor. After two centuries of rule, in the 3rd century AD, Rome was threatened by internal discord and menaced by Germanic and Asian invaders. Emperor Diocletians administrative division of the empire into two parts in 285 provided only temporary relief, it became permanent in 395, in 313, Emperor Constantine accepted Christianity, and churches thereafter rose throughout the empire. However, he moved his capital from Rome to Constantinople. The last Western emperor, Romulus Augustulus, was deposed in 476 by a Germanic foederati general in Italy and his defeat marked the end of the western part of the Roman Empire. During most of the period from the fall of Rome until the Kingdom of Italy was established in 1861, Odoacer ruled well for 13 years after gaining control of Italy in 476. Then he was attacked and defeated by Theodoric, the king of another Germanic tribe, Theodoric and Odoacer ruled jointly until 493, when Theodoric murdered Odoacer. Theodoric continued to rule Italy with an army of Ostrogoths and a government that was mostly Italian, after the death of Theodoric in 526, the kingdom began to grow weak
13.
Crossroads School (Santa Monica, California)
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Crossroads School for Arts & Sciences is a private, K-12 independent, college preparatory school in Santa Monica, California, United States. The school is a member of the prestigious G20 Schools Group. The Crossroads School has a rivalry with the nearby Brentwood School, the school was founded in 1971 as a secular institution affiliated with St. Augustine By-the-Sea Episcopal Church in Santa Monica. Crossroads started with three rooms in a Baptist church offering grades seven and eight, and an enrollment of just over 30 students. Human Development is a part of the Crossroads curriculum, holding equal weight with conventional departments such as Math. It is meant to teach students maturity, tolerance, and confidence, students address teachers by their first names. Some question this approach, but many at Crossroads insist that this practice fosters friendship. Classrooms also have names, not numbers, and are dedicated to important figures in history, Einstein, Mead, Frost, Chavez, the school was also featured in a May 2005 issue of Vanity Fair, like Breitbarts book, it also focused on the schools celebrity clientele. Crossroads School Website Summer at Crossroads Website Elizabeth Mandell Music Institute
14.
Santa Monica, California
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Santa Monica is a beachfront city in western Los Angeles County, California, United States. The Census Bureau population for Santa Monica in 2010 was 89,736, due in part to an agreeable climate, Santa Monica became a famed resort town by the early 20th century. The city has experienced a boom since the late 1980s through the revitalization of its core, significant job growth. The Santa Monica Pier remains a popular and iconic destination, Santa Monica was long inhabited by the Tongva people. Santa Monica was called Kecheek in the Tongva language, the first non-indigenous group to set foot in the area was the party of explorer Gaspar de Portolà, who camped near the present-day intersection of Barrington and Ohio Avenues on August 3,1769. Named after the Christian saint Monica, there are two different accounts of how the name came to be. One says it was named in honor of the feast day of Saint Monica, another version says it was named by Juan Crespí on account of a pair of springs, the Kuruvungna Springs, that were reminiscent of the tears Saint Monica shed over her sons early impiety. In Los Angeles, several battles were fought by the Californios, following the Mexican–American War, Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which gave Mexicans and Californios living in state certain unalienable rights. US government sovereignty in California began on February 2,1848, in the 1870s the Los Angeles and Independence Railroad, connected Santa Monica with Los Angeles, and a wharf out into the bay. The first town hall was a modest 1873 brick building, later a beer hall and it is Santa Monicas oldest extant structure. By 1885, the towns first hotel was the Santa Monica Hotel, around the start of the 20th century, a growing population of Asian Americans lived in and around Santa Monica and Venice. A Japanese fishing village was near the Long Wharf while small numbers of Chinese lived or worked in Santa Monica, the two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans who were often well-disposed towards the Japanese but condescending towards the Chinese. The Japanese village fishermen were an economic part of the Santa Monica Bay community. Donald Wills Douglas, Sr. built a plant in 1922 at Clover Field for the Douglas Aircraft Company, in 1924, four Douglas-built planes took off from Clover Field to attempt the first aerial circumnavigation of the world. Two planes returned after covering 27,553 miles in 175 days, the Douglas Company kept facilities in the city until the 1960s. The Great Depression hit Santa Monica deeply, one report gives citywide employment in 1933 of just 1,000. Hotels and office building owners went bankrupt, in the 1930s, corruption infected Santa Monica. The federal Works Project Administration helped build several buildings, most notably City Hall, the main Post Office and Barnum Hall were also among other WPA projects
15.
Claremont, California
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Claremont is a city on the eastern edge of Los Angeles County, California, United States,30.3 miles east of downtown Los Angeles. It is located in the eastern San Gabriel Valley, at the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains, Claremont is known as the home of the Claremont Colleges and other educational institutions, and for its tree-lined streets with numerous historic buildings. In July 2007, it was rated by CNN/Money magazine as the fifth best place to live in the United States, due to its large number of trees and residents with doctoral degrees, it is sometimes referred to as The City of Trees and PhDs. Some critics say that the expansion negatively altered the original, small-town feel of The Village, Claremont has been a winner of the National Arbor Day Associations Tree City USA award for 22 consecutive years. When the city incorporated in 1907, local citizens started what has become the citys tree-planting tradition. Claremont is one of the few remaining places in North America with American Elm trees that have not been exposed to Dutch elm disease, the stately trees line Indian Hill Boulevard in the vicinity of the citys Memorial Park. The Claremont Institute, a think tank, is located there. Several retirement communities, among them Pilgrim Place, the Claremont Manor, the citrus groves and open space which once dominated the northern portion of the city have been replaced by residential developments of large homes. The northern, foothill area also includes the Padua Hills Theatre, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.35 square miles, of which 13.3 square miles is land and 0.05 square miles is water. Its geographic location puts it well within the known as the San Gabriel Valley. Claremont is approximately 24 miles east of Pasadena and 30 miles east of downtown Los Angeles, in the summer months, temperatures can rise into the triple digits. In the autumn months, Claremont can receive gusty winds known as the Santa Ana Winds, in the winter, most of its annual rainfall occurs. Snow is rare but can often be viewed in the nearby San Gabriel Mountains, in early summer, Claremont can receive overcast weather due to its strong onshore flow from the ocean known as May Gray or June Gloom. The 2010 United States Census reported that Claremont had a population of 34,926, the population density was 2,589.7 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Claremont was 24,666 White,1,651 African American,172 Native American,4,564 Asian,38 Pacific Islander,2,015 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 6,919 persons. The Census reported that 29,802 people lived in households,4,926 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 429 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 138 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,957 households were made up of individuals and 1,556 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.57. There were 7,925 families, the family size was 3.10
16.
Bachelor's degree
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A bachelors degree or baccalaureate is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years. In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelors degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed. The term bachelor in the 12th century referred to a knight bachelor, by the end of the 13th century, it was also used by junior members of guilds or universities. By folk etymology or wordplay, the word came to be associated with bacca lauri in reference to laurels being awarded for academic success or honours. An honours degree generally requires an academic standard than a pass degree. In most African countries, the university systems follow the model of their former colonizing power, for example, the Nigerian university system is similar to the British system, while the Ivorian system is akin to the French. The degree is typically identical to the program of Frances universities, bachelors degree programs cover most of the fields in Algerian universities, except some fields, such as Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science. Bachelors degrees at the University of Botswana normally take four years, the system draws on both British and American models. Degrees are classified as First Class, Second Class Division One, Second Class Division Two and Third as in English degrees, but without being described as honours. The main degrees are named by British tradition, but in recent years there have been a numbers of degrees named after specific subjects, such as Bachelor of Library, in Morocco, a bachelors degree is referred to as al-ʾijāzah. The course of study takes three years, which are divided into two cycles. The first cycle comprises the first, or propaedeutic, year, after successfully completing their first two years, students can pursue either theoretical specialization or professional specialization. The second cycle is one long, after whose completion students receive the licence détudes fondamentales or the licence professionnelle. This academic degree system was introduced in September 2003, University admission is extremely competitive, with attendant advantages and disadvantages. Nonetheless, it takes four to five years to complete a bachelors degree, in cases of poor performance, the time limit is double the standard amount of time. For example, one may not study for more than 10 years for a five-year course, students are normally asked to leave if they must take longer. B. Arch. and other specialized undergraduate degrees, such as B. Eng, Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester dedicated to SIWES but it is usually mandatory for all engineering degrees. A semester for project work/thesis is required, not excluding course work, the classifications of degrees, first-class, second-class, third-class and a pass
17.
University of the Virgin Islands
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The University of the Virgin Islands is a public, historically black university located in the United States Virgin Islands. For the fiscal year of 2014, UVI had the highest alumni giving rate among HBCUs,52. 49%, the university has five academic divisions, Business, Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, Nursing, and Science and Mathematics. UVI offers various degree and undergraduate degree programs. The Undergraduate Degree Programs are divided into categories, Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, Associate of Arts, Associate of Science. Its liberal arts curriculum is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges, the university also has several academic programs under its College of Science and Mathematics. After completing the program, students acquire a Bachelor of Science in Applied Mathematics from UVI. The Bachelor of Science in Computer Science with concentration in computational biology is offered on both St. Thomas and St. Croix, students will be able to focus of fields related to parallel computing, data mining, bioinformatics, computational science or cyber-security. The university also holds several National Science Foundation-funded research grants and programs including MBRS-RISE, SEAGEP, HBCU-UP, the marine biology program attracts students from all parts of the world. The University is next to John Brewers Bay, which hosts a variety of life and is studied by both undergrad and masters students. At UVI, students from around the nation are allowed to participate in a semester or year-long exchange to UVI through the National Student Exchange, tuition is paid toward either the students home or host school. Students who attend UVI are also able to participate in the NSE program as long as they have completed their freshman year, UVI was founded as the College of the Virgin Islands on March 16,1962. In 1986, it became one of the 117 U. S. The university has two campuses, one on St. Croix and the other on St. Thomas, the St. Croix campus is located on Estate Golden Grove in mid-island. The latter campus is three miles from Charlotte Amalie, the capital of the territory, the St. Thomas campus is situated on two hills and it has its own beach which can be directly accessed off the main road which cuts through the campus. The majority of the buildings on the St. Thomas campus are made of volcanic rock, the University has 6 different sets of dorms on the St. Thomas campus which include, Eastern dorms, Western Dorms, Northern Dorms, Southern Dorms, Middle Dorms and Annex Dorms. The Eastern and Western Dorms are both unisex dorms whereas the South, Middle, and Annex Dorms are all Female Dorms, the Northern Dorms are all male dorms. The dorms East, West, South, and North all represent where the dorms are as it may relate to their locations on a map, the University also own and run the Etelman Observatory. The campus on St. Thomas boasts a 64, 000-square-foot Sports and Fitness Center, as well as a course, tennis courts, outdoor basketball and volleyball courts
18.
Washington, D.C.
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Washington, D. C. formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D. C. is the capital of the United States. The signing of the Residence Act on July 16,1790, Constitution provided for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress and the District is therefore not a part of any state. The states of Maryland and Virginia each donated land to form the federal district, named in honor of President George Washington, the City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. In 1846, Congress returned the land ceded by Virginia, in 1871. Washington had an population of 681,170 as of July 2016. Commuters from the surrounding Maryland and Virginia suburbs raise the population to more than one million during the workweek. The Washington metropolitan area, of which the District is a part, has a population of over 6 million, the centers of all three branches of the federal government of the United States are in the District, including the Congress, President, and Supreme Court. Washington is home to national monuments and museums, which are primarily situated on or around the National Mall. The city hosts 176 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of international organizations, trade unions, non-profit organizations, lobbying groups. A locally elected mayor and a 13‑member council have governed the District since 1973, However, the Congress maintains supreme authority over the city and may overturn local laws. D. C. residents elect a non-voting, at-large congressional delegate to the House of Representatives, the District receives three electoral votes in presidential elections as permitted by the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1961. Various tribes of the Algonquian-speaking Piscataway people inhabited the lands around the Potomac River when Europeans first visited the area in the early 17th century, One group known as the Nacotchtank maintained settlements around the Anacostia River within the present-day District of Columbia. Conflicts with European colonists and neighboring tribes forced the relocation of the Piscataway people, some of whom established a new settlement in 1699 near Point of Rocks, Maryland. 43, published January 23,1788, James Madison argued that the new government would need authority over a national capital to provide for its own maintenance. Five years earlier, a band of unpaid soldiers besieged Congress while its members were meeting in Philadelphia, known as the Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783, the event emphasized the need for the national government not to rely on any state for its own security. However, the Constitution does not specify a location for the capital, on July 9,1790, Congress passed the Residence Act, which approved the creation of a national capital on the Potomac River. The exact location was to be selected by President George Washington, formed from land donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia, the initial shape of the federal district was a square measuring 10 miles on each side, totaling 100 square miles. Two pre-existing settlements were included in the territory, the port of Georgetown, Maryland, founded in 1751, many of the stones are still standing
19.
Saturday Night Live
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Saturday Night Live is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11,1975, under the original title NBCs Saturday Night, the shows comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest and features performances by a musical guest, an episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, Live from New York, its Saturday Night. In 1980, Michaels left the series to other opportunities. He was replaced by Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season of bad reviews, Ebersol ran the show until 1985, when Michaels returned, Michaels has remained since then. Many of SNLs cast found national stardom while appearing on the show, others associated with the show, such as writers, have gone on to successful careers creating, writing, or starring in TV and film. The show format has developed and recreated in several countries. Successful sketches have seen life outside of the show as feature films, throughout four decades on air, Saturday Night Live has received a number of awards, including 50 Primetime Emmy Awards, two Peabody Awards, and three Writers Guild of America Awards. In 2000, it was inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame and it was ranked tenth in TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time list, and in 2007 it was listed as one of Time magazines 100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME. As of 2012, it has received 156 Emmy nominations, the most received by any TV show, the live aspect of the show has resulted in several controversies and acts of censorship, with mistakes and intentional acts of sabotage by performers as well as guests. From 1965 until September 1975, NBC ran The Best of Carson reruns of The Tonight Show, in 1974, Johnny Carson announced that he wanted the weekend shows pulled and saved so that they could be aired during weeknights, allowing him to take time off. In 1974, NBC president Herbert Schlosser approached his vice president of late night programming, Dick Ebersol, at the suggestion of Paramount Pictures executive Barry Diller, Schlosser and Ebersol then approached Lorne Michaels. Over the next three weeks, Ebersol and Michaels developed the idea for a variety show featuring high-concept comedy sketches, political satire. By 1975 Michaels had assembled a talented cast, including Dan Aykroyd, John Belushi, Chevy Chase, Jane Curtin, Garrett Morris, Laraine Newman, Michael ODonoghue, Gilda Radner, and George Coe. The show was originally called NBCs Saturday Night, because Saturday Night Live was in use by Saturday Night Live with Howard Cosell on the rival network ABC, NBC purchased the rights to the name in 1976 and officially adopted the new title on March 26,1977. In 1975 and 1976, they were the most desirable demographic for television advertisers, NBC executives agreed with Michaels and decided to keep the show on the air despite many angry letters and phone calls that the network received from viewers who were offended by certain sketches. Chevy Chase left the show in November of the season and was replaced a few months later by the then-unknown comic actor Bill Murray. Aykroyd and Belushi left the show in 1979 after the end of season four, in May 1980, Michaels—emotionally and physically exhausted—requested to put the show on hiatus for a year to give him time and energy to pursue other projects
20.
The Zombie Survival Guide
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The Zombie Survival Guide, written by American author Max Brooks and published in 2003, is a survival manual dealing with the fictional potentiality of a zombie attack. The Zombie Survival Guide was also featured on The New York Times Best Sellers list, Brooks inspiration for the Zombie Survival Guide was his childhood interest in zombies, sparked by the first zombie movie he ever saw, circa age 10, Revenge of the Zombies. The book is divided into six chapters, followed by a list of fictional attacks throughout history. The first chapter, The Undead, Myths and Realities, outlines Solanum, a fictional and incurable virus that creates a zombie, along with details on how it is spread, and treatment of the infected. The middle of this chapter explains the abilities and behavioral patterns of the undead, in subsequent chapters, the book describes weapons and combat techniques, places of safety, and how to survive a zombie-infested world. In the section describing weapons, Brooks writes about the body, If cared for. The guide concludes with a fictional list of documented zombie encounters throughout history, the oldest entry is 60,000 BC, in Katanda, Central Africa, although the author expresses doubt about its validity. Instead, he presents evidence from 3,000 B. C. in Ancient Egypt as the first verifiable instance of a zombie outbreak, the most recent entry is 2002, in Saint Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Some of these make reference to historical events, such as Roanoke Island. This is a sample outbreak journal, the author notes covered-up zombie outbreaks seen on the news as well as the preparations he recommends in the event that the outbreak worsens. The following pages are blank entries, for the reader to use as a basis for his or her own notes on surviving zombies, random House released a deck of flash cards containing the same information as the book. It was released on July 22,2008, random House published The Zombie Survival Guide, Recorded Attacks, a tie-in comic written by Brooks. This book illustrates some of the attacks, but not all. It was released on October 6,2008, brazilian artist Ibraim Roberson illustrated the book. The Zombie Survival Guide, The Zombie Survival Guide, Recorded Attacks, World War Z was released in theatres on June 21,2013, The Zombie Survival Guide and The Zombie Survival Guide, Recorded Attacks currently have no release dates set
21.
The Zombie Survival Guide: Recorded Attacks
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The Zombie Survival Guide, written by American author Max Brooks and published in 2003, is a survival manual dealing with the fictional potentiality of a zombie attack. The Zombie Survival Guide was also featured on The New York Times Best Sellers list, Brooks inspiration for the Zombie Survival Guide was his childhood interest in zombies, sparked by the first zombie movie he ever saw, circa age 10, Revenge of the Zombies. The book is divided into six chapters, followed by a list of fictional attacks throughout history. The first chapter, The Undead, Myths and Realities, outlines Solanum, a fictional and incurable virus that creates a zombie, along with details on how it is spread, and treatment of the infected. The middle of this chapter explains the abilities and behavioral patterns of the undead, in subsequent chapters, the book describes weapons and combat techniques, places of safety, and how to survive a zombie-infested world. In the section describing weapons, Brooks writes about the body, If cared for. The guide concludes with a fictional list of documented zombie encounters throughout history, the oldest entry is 60,000 BC, in Katanda, Central Africa, although the author expresses doubt about its validity. Instead, he presents evidence from 3,000 B. C. in Ancient Egypt as the first verifiable instance of a zombie outbreak, the most recent entry is 2002, in Saint Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Some of these make reference to historical events, such as Roanoke Island. This is a sample outbreak journal, the author notes covered-up zombie outbreaks seen on the news as well as the preparations he recommends in the event that the outbreak worsens. The following pages are blank entries, for the reader to use as a basis for his or her own notes on surviving zombies, random House released a deck of flash cards containing the same information as the book. It was released on July 22,2008, random House published The Zombie Survival Guide, Recorded Attacks, a tie-in comic written by Brooks. This book illustrates some of the attacks, but not all. It was released on October 6,2008, brazilian artist Ibraim Roberson illustrated the book. The Zombie Survival Guide, The Zombie Survival Guide, Recorded Attacks, World War Z was released in theatres on June 21,2013, The Zombie Survival Guide and The Zombie Survival Guide, Recorded Attacks currently have no release dates set
22.
Graphic novel
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A graphic novel is a book made up of comics content. Although the word normally refers to long fictional works, the term graphic novel is applied broadly and includes fiction, non-fiction. It is distinguished from the comic book, which is used for comics periodicals. Fan historian Richard Kyle coined the term graphic novel in an essay in the November 1964 issue of the comics fanzine Capa-Alpha, the Book Industry Study Group began using graphic novel as a category in book stores in 2001. In the publishing trade, the term extends to material that would not be considered a novel if produced in another medium. Collections of comic books that do not form a story, anthologies or collections of loosely related pieces. The term is sometimes used to distinguish between works created as standalone stories, in contrast to collections or compilations of a story arc from a comic book series published in book form. As the exact definition of the novel is debated, the origins of the form are open to interpretation. The Adventures of Obadiah Oldbuck is the oldest recognized American example of comics used to this end, the first American edition was published in 1842 by Wilson & Company in New York City using the original printing plates from the 1841 edition. Another early predecessor is Journey to the Gold Diggins by Jeremiah Saddlebags by brothers J. A. D. and D. F. Read, inspired by The Adventures of Obadiah Oldbuck. In 1894 Caran dAche broached the idea of a novel in a letter to the newspaper Le Figaro. In the United States there is a tradition of reissuing previously published comic strips in book form. In 1897 the Hearst Syndicate published such a collection of The Yellow Kid by Richard Outcault, the 1920s saw a revival of the medieval woodcut tradition, with Belgian Frans Masereel cited as the undisputed king of this revival. American Lynd Ward also worked in this tradition, publishing Gods Man, in 1929, the 1940s saw the launching of Classics Illustrated, a comic-book series that primarily adapted notable, public domain novels into standalone comic books for young readers. In 1947 Fawcett Comics published Comics Novel #1, Anarcho, Dictator of Death, by the late 1960s, American comic book creators were becoming more adventurous with the form. Gil Kane and Archie Goodwin self-published a 40-page, magazine-format comics novel, savage in 1968—the same year Marvel Comics published two issues of The Spectacular Spider-Man in a similar format. Meanwhile, in continental Europe, the tradition of collecting serials of popular strips such as The Adventures of Tintin or Asterix led to long-form narratives published initially as serials. By 1969, the author John Updike, who had entertained ideas of becoming a cartoonist in his youth, addressed the Bristol Literary Society, on the death of the novel
23.
World War Z
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World War Z, An Oral History of the Zombie War is an apocalyptic horror novel by Max Brooks. The novel is a collection of individual accounts narrated by an agent of the United Nations Postwar Commission, other passages record a decade-long desperate struggle, as experienced by people of various nationalities. The personal accounts also describe the social, political, religious. World War Z is a follow-up to Brooks survival manual, The Zombie Survival Guide and it was inspired by The Good War, An Oral History of World War Two by Studs Terkel, and by the zombie films of George A. Romero. Brooks used World War Z to comment on government ineptitude and American isolationism, while also examining survivalism, the novel was a commercial hit and was praised by most critics. Its audiobook version, performed by a full cast including Alan Alda, Mark Hamill, a film with the same name as the novel, directed by Marc Forster and starring Brad Pitt, was released in 2013. The story is told in the form of a series of interviews conducted by the narrator, Max Brooks, although the exact origin of the plague is unknown, a young boy from a village in China is identified as the plagues official patient zero. The boys case marks the point where the Chinese government begins to take measures to cover up the disease, nevertheless, the plague still manages to spread to various nations by human trafficking, refugees and the black market organ trade. Initially, these nations were able to cover up their smaller outbreaks, as the infection spreads, Israel abandons the Palestinian territories and initiates a nationwide quarantine, closing its borders to everyone except uninfected Jews and Palestinians. Its military then puts down an uprising, which is later referred to as an Israeli civil war. The United States does little to prepare because it is overconfident in its ability to any threat. As many more areas around the fall to infection, a period known as the Great Panic begins. Pakistan and Iran destroy each other in a war, after the Iranian government attempts to stem the flow of refugees fleeing through Pakistan into Iran. After zombies overrun New York City, the U. S. military sets up a defense in the nearby city of Yonkers. The unprepared and demoralized soldiers are routed on live television, other countries suffer similarly disastrous defeats, and human civilization teeters on the brink of destruction. In South Africa, the government adopts a contingency plan drafted by apartheid-era intelligence consultant Paul Redeker, governments worldwide assume similar plans or relocate the populace to safer foreign territory, such as the attempted complete evacuation of the Japanese archipelago to Kamchatka. Because zombies freeze solid in severe cold, many civilians in North America flee to the wildernesses of northern Canada and the Arctic, where eleven million people die of starvation and hypothermia. It is implied that some turn to cannibalism to survive, further interviews from other sources imply that cannibalism occurred in areas of the United States where food shortages occurred
24.
Brad Pitt
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William Bradley Brad Pitt in Shawnee Oklahoma. He is an American actor and producer and he has received multiple awards and nominations including an Academy Award as producer under his own company Plan B Entertainment. Pitt first gained recognition as a hitchhiker in the road movie Thelma & Louise. His first leading roles in big-budget productions came with the dramas A River Runs Through It and Legends of the Fall, Pitt starred in the cult film Fight Club and the heist film Oceans Eleven and its sequels, Oceans Twelve and Oceans Thirteen. As a public figure, Pitt has been cited as one of the most influential and powerful people in the American entertainment industry, as well as the worlds most attractive man and his personal life is also the subject of wide publicity. Divorced from actress Jennifer Aniston, to whom he was married for five years and they have six children together, three of whom were adopted internationally. In September 2016, Jolie filed for divorce from Pitt, William Bradley Pitt was born in Shawnee, Oklahoma, to William Bill Alvin Pitt, manager of a trucking company, and Jane Etta, a school counsellor. The family soon moved to Springfield, Missouri, where he lived together with his siblings, Douglas. Pitt has described Springfield as Mark Twain country, Jesse James country, having grown up with a lot of hills, Pitt attended Kickapoo High School, where he was a member of the golf, swimming and tennis teams. He participated in the schools Key and Forensics clubs, in school debates, following his graduation from high school, Pitt enrolled in the University of Missouri in 1982, majoring in journalism with a focus on advertising. As graduation approached, Pitt did not feel ready to settle down and he loved films—a portal into different worlds for me—and, since films were not made in Missouri, he decided to go to where they were made. Two weeks before earning his degree, Pitt left the university and moved to Los Angeles, while struggling to establish himself in Los Angeles, Pitt took lessons from acting coach Roy London. Pitts acting career began in 1987, with uncredited parts in the films No Way Out, No Mans Land and his television debut came in May 1987 with a two-episode role on the NBC soap opera Another World. In November of the same year Pitt had a guest appearance on the ABC sitcom Growing Pains and he appeared in four episodes of the CBS primetime series Dallas between December 1987 and February 1988 as Randy, the boyfriend of Charlie Wade. Later in 1988, Pitt made a guest appearance on the Fox police drama 21 Jump Street, in the same year, the Yugoslavian–U. S. Co-production The Dark Side of the Sun gave Pitt his first leading film role, the film was shelved at the outbreak of the Croatian War of Independence, and was not released until 1997. He made guest appearances on television series Head of the Class, Freddys Nightmares, Thirtysomething, and Growing Pains. Pitt was cast as Billy Canton, an addict who takes advantage of a young runaway in the 1990 NBC television movie Too Young to Die. the story of an abused teenager sentenced to death for a murder
25.
Plan B Entertainment
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Plan B Entertainment Inc. more commonly known as Plan B, is an American film production company founded in November 2001 by Brad Pitt, Brad Grey, and Jennifer Aniston. In 2005, after Pitt and Aniston divorced, and Grey became the CEO of Paramount Pictures and it currently holds a release deal with Paramount Pictures, along with Warner Bros. 20th Century Fox, and Walt Disney Pictures. The president of the company was for years Dede Gardner, but she, three of the production companys movies, The Departed,12 Years a Slave, and Moonlight have won the Academy Award for Best Picture. Golden Boy Shines Behind the Scenes, Plan B Entertainment at the Internet Movie Database
26.
World War Z (film)
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World War Z is a 2013 American action horror film directed by Marc Forster. The film stars Brad Pitt as Gerry Lane, a former United Nations investigator who must travel the world to find a way to stop a zombie pandemic, Pitts Plan B Entertainment secured the film rights in 2007, and Forster was approached to direct. In 2009, Carnahan was hired to rewrite the script, filming began in July 2011 in Malta, on an estimated $125 million budget, before moving to Glasgow in August 2011 and Budapest in October 2011. Originally set for a December 2012 release, the production suffered some setbacks, in June 2012, the films release date was pushed back, and the crew returned to Budapest for seven weeks of additional shooting. Damon Lindelof was hired to rewrite the third act, but did not have time to finish the script, the reshoots took place between September and October 2012. World War Z premiered in London on June 2,2013, the film premiered in New York, and Los Angeles on June 14,2013, and released everywhere on June 21,2013, in the United States, in 2D and RealD 3D. The film received positive reviews for Brad Pitts performance and as a revival of the zombie genre. Regardless, the film was a success, grossing over $540 million against a production budget of $190 million. A sequel was announced shortly after the release, it was tentatively scheduled for a June 2017 release. Former UN employee Gerry Lane, his wife Karin and their two daughters are in heavy Philadelphia traffic when the city is attacked by zombies. As chaos spreads, the Lanes escape to Newark, New Jersey and take refuge in an apartment, home to a couple with a young son, dr. Andrew Fassbach posits that the plague is a virus, and that development of a vaccine depends on finding the origin. Gerry reluctantly agrees to help Fassbach find the outbreaks source after it is clear that he. Gerry and Fassbach fly to Camp Humphreys, a base in South Korea. Turning to re-enter the aircraft, Fassbach slips, falls and accidentally discharges his gun, as Gerry and his team bike back to their aircraft, zombies attack, kill several soldiers and infect Captain Speke, who commits suicide to prevent himself from turning. Israel had thereupon quarantined Jerusalem, erecting walls around it. Just as Jurgen shows Gerry that Israel is allowing survivors to take refuge in the city, loud celebratory singing from refugees prompts zombies to scale the walls, Jurgen orders some Israeli soldiers to escort Gerry back to his plane. On the way, Gerry notices zombies ignoring an emaciated boy, soon after, one of Gerrys escorts, a soldier who identifies herself only as Segen, is bitten in the hand, which Gerry quickly amputates to stop her turning. Gerry and Segen escape on a commercial airliner as Israel is overrun, Gerry contacts Thierry, and the airliner is diverted to a World Health Organization facility outside Cardiff, Wales
27.
Fangoria Magazine
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Fangoria is an internationally distributed American horror film fan magazine, in publication since 1979. At the height of its popularity in the 1980s and early 90s it was the most prominent horror publication in the world, the magazine began struggling in the 2010s due to a variety of factors, including difficulty in generating enough ad revenue to cover the cost of printing. Since Hanleys departure, the magazine has not named an official editor, the publishers were anticipating a groundswell of interest in fantasy owing to the plans at that time for bringing Robert E. Howards Conan the Barbarian to the screen, plans first announced in 1978. The Conan film did not arrive until four years later and, but before the magazine was even launched, other factors intervened to change the magazines focus and direction. The first issue was assembled under the editorship of Joe Bonham and this was a cover for Rolling Stone contributor and screenwriter Ed Naha and writer Ric Meyers, best known for his encyclopedic Great Martial Arts Movies, From Bruce Lee to Jackie Chan. The launch of the magazine was delayed by several months as the court deliberated the issue. When, in early 1979, the decision was made in favor of the plaintiff, the publishers of Fantastica were without a name. Some quick brainstorming sessions resulted in the name Fangoria, over the objections of Robert Bob Martin, two phenomena allowed Martin to reshape the magazine and bring it back from its low-performing state. Second was the response to the sense of defeat surrounding the magazine and it also was the first issue of Fangoria to achieve a profit. Subsequent issues would sharpen the focus, but by twelve, the formula was well-set. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Fangoria tested numerous international horror markets and these foreign editions lasted only a handful of editions before being discontinued. Additionally, in May 1988, a publication titled Gorezone was first published. A second sister publication, titled Toxic Horror followed in 1989, Gorezone was cancelled after twenty-seven issues and one special Tales from the Crypt |Tales from the Crypt]]-themed issue. Toxic Horror was cancelled after five issues, in 1990, Timpone brought in managing editor Michael Gingold, having been previously introduced to his horror-themed fanzine, Scareaphenalia. In addition to his duties at the magazine, Gingold posted the majority of the news updates at on the magazines official website. Creative Group purchased Fangoria in the early 2000s, hoping to branch out the identity of the magazine to radio, television. On December 5,2007, a warehouse operated by Kable News, in Oregon, Illinois, as back issues of Fangoria are not re-printed, the only remaining back issues are now housed in private collections or those available on the secondary market. After several failed ventures, Creative Group filed for Chapter 11 on March 21,2008, in the summer of 2008, Fangoria and all of its related brands were purchased by The Brooklyn Company, Inc. led by longtime Fangoria president Thomas DeFeo
28.
J. Michael Straczynski
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He is the founder of Studio JMS, and is best known as the creator of the science fiction television series Babylon 5 and its spinoff Crusade, as well as the series Jeremiah, and Sense8. From 2001 to 2007, Straczynski wrote Marvel Comics The Amazing Spider-Man, followed by runs on Thor and he is also the author of the Superman, Earth One trilogy of graphic novels, and has written Superman, Wonder Woman, and Before Watchmen for DC Comics. Straczynski is the creator and writer of original comic book series such as Rising Stars, Midnight Nation, Dream Police. Straczynski is a participant in Usenet and other early computer networks. He is credited as being the first TV producer to directly engage with fans on the Internet, two prominent areas where he had a presence were GEnie and the newsgroup rec. arts. sf. tv. babylon5. moderated. Straczynski was born in Paterson, New Jersey, and is the son of Charles Straczynski, a manual laborer, and Evelyn Straczynski. He was raised in Newark, New Jersey, Kankakee, Illinois, Dallas, Texas, Chula Vista, California, where he graduated high school. Straczynskis family religion was Catholic, and he has Polish ancestry and his grandparents lived in the area which today belongs to Belarus, and fled to America from the Russian Revolution, his father was born in the US, but lived in Poland, Germany and Russia. Straczynski is a graduate of San Diego State University, having earned a BA with a major in psychology and sociology. While at SDSU, he wrote for the student newspaper, The Daily Aztec, Straczynski resides in the Los Angeles area. Straczynski began writing plays, having produced at Southwestern College. Several other plays were produced around San Diego, including The Apprenticeship for the Marquis Public Theater, during the late 1970s, Straczynski also became the on-air entertainment reviewer for KSDO-FM and wrote several radio plays before being hired as a scriptwriter for the radio drama Alien Worlds. He also produced his first television project in San Diego, Marty Sprinkle for KPBS-TV as well as worked on the XETV-TV project Disasterpiece Theatre, Straczynski wrote The Complete Book of Scriptwriting for Writers Digest. Published in 1982, the book is used as a text in introductory screenwriting courses. He and Kathryn M. Drennan, whom he met at San Diego State and they would marry in 1983, and separate in 2002. He spent five years from 1987 to 1992 co-hosting the Hour 25 radio talk show on KPFK-FM Los Angeles with Larry DiTillio. During his tenure, he interviewed such luminaries as John Carpenter, Neil Gaiman, Ray Bradbury, Harlan Ellison, in 2000, Straczynski returned to radio drama with The City of Dreams for scifi. com. Straczynski was a fan of the cartoon He-Man and the Masters of the Universe and he wrote a spec script in 1984 and sent it directly to Filmation
29.
Cemetery Dance Publications
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Cemetery Dance Publications is a specialty press publisher of horror and dark suspense. Cemetery Dance was founded by Richard Chizmar, a horror author and it is associated with Cemetery Dance magazine, which was founded in 1988. They began to publish books in 1992, Cemetery Dance Publications is best known for their high quality hardcover releases. These are usually available as collectible autographed limited editions and lettered editions, Richard Chizmar won the 1999 World Fantasy Award for Cemetery Dance Publications. It was also nominated for the award in 1993 and again in 1998. Basic Black, Tales of Appropriate Fear by Terry Dowling was an Honourable Mention for the 2006 Australian Shadows Award
30.
Jeremy Caniglia
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Jeremy Caniglia is an American figurative painter and illustrator, primarily in fantasy and horror genres. His art has also shown at the Society of Illustrators Museum of Illustration. Jeremy Caniglia was born July 13,1970 in Omaha, Nebraska and he went to Creighton Preparatory School, where he was first introduced to art. He studied traditional classical painting at Iowa State University, receiving a BFA in drawing, painting and printmaking in 1993, after graduation he studied at the Maryland Institute College of Art in Baltimore, Maryland under well-known abstract expressionist Grace Hartigan, where he received his MFA in 1995. In addition to Hartigan, whom he cites as bringing new insight to his work, Caniglia was also influenced by the Old Masters including Leonardo da Vinci, caniglias art has been featured in the Washington Post] and on CNN. He has created covers for well-known mainstream authors and he has done cover art and illustrations for a number of noted horror. His work has appeared in Entertainment and horror magazines such as Rue Morgue magazine, Variety, Fangoria magazine, Flesh and Blood. Caniglia was nominated first in 2003 for the International Horror Guild Award for best artist in dark fantasy and horror and then again in 2004, in 2005 he was nominated for a World Fantasy Award for Best Artist in Fantasy. In 2015 Caniglia received the prestigious Design Achievement Award from Iowa State University College of Design, the award was established in 1988 to recognize the outstanding creative and professional achievements of the top alumni in all of the college’s disciplines. Caniglia has also created artwork for public institutions and churches, in 2009 he created a religious icon of Saint Lucy for St. Francis Cabrini Church located in Little Italy, in Nebraska. In 2013 Lonely Road Books published a limited edition of The Exorcist. The new, updated edition featured new and revised material that Blatty had left out of the original book, Lonely Road Books and William Peter Blatty brought in Caniglia to create all new cover and interior artwork for this special edition. Caniglia worked with Warner Home Video creating artwork for the documentary on William Peter Blatty. In 2013 Cemetery Dance published a new limited Edition of World War Z, Caniglia created all new artwork cover for this special release to coincide with the film release of World War Z. In the fall of 2013 Caniglia completed Easton Press 170th anniversary edition of Charles Dickens A Christmas Carol, in the fall of 2016 Caniglia completed the Easton Press limited artist edition of O. Henry short stories. Seymour The Wicked by Douglas Clegg This Cape is Red Because I Have Been Bleeding by Tom Piccirilli 2003 Makak by Edward Lee Necromancer by Douglas Clegg Rocksbreak/Scissors Cut by David J. D, various years The Adversary Cycle by F
31.
Dynamite Entertainment
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Dynamite Entertainment is an American comic book publishing imprint of Dynamic Forces that primarily publishes adaptations of franchises from other media. It also publishes superhero books such as Project Superpowers, creators who have produced Dynamites books include Alex Ross, John Cassaday, Matt Wagner, Garth Ennis, Howard Chaykin and Frank Miller. In the first two years, they added only a handful of titles like Red Sonja and Xena, after devoting itself to publishing only Army of Darkness, a year later Dynamite published Red Sonja, starting with a 25-cent issue #0. #1, the first to sell at the cover price of $2.99. Dynamite publishes 14–20 comic books and 2–10 collections per month, the company holds or has held the rights to publish titles based on films, television series and literature. It also has a license based on Terminator 2, Judgment Day, Terminator 2, Infinity, other properties include Buck Rogers, and Sherlock Holmes. Two additional crossovers have been released through other companies, one, entitled Monster War released through Image Comics in 2005, pitted its monsters against Top Cow published characters Witchblade, the Darkness, Magdalena and Tomb Raider. The other was a 2006 crossover between DC Comics Claw the Unconquered and Red Sonja via WildStorm Productions, in 2007, Dynamite took over the publication of Garth Ennis The Boys after it was dropped by WildStorm. Among its licensed properties are Red Sonja, Army of Darkness, Battlestar Galactica and it is also due to publish new stories featuring Lee Falks The Phantom. In May 2010, Dynamite Entertainment acquired the Chaos, Comics library and all associated assets. In July 2016, prior to Comic-Con International, the New York Times ran a story about Dynamite Entertainment, the series was set to start in Fall 2016. In cases where Dynamite did not have an agreement with the related trademark holders. Dynamite and ERB, Inc. eventually reached an agreement by which the latter agreed to let Dynamite publish material based on Burroughs work
32.
Christopher Golden
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Christopher Golden is an American author of horror, fantasy, and suspense novels for adults and teens. He is also writing a series of Sons of Anarchy novels, Golden was born and raised in Massachusetts, where he still lives with his family. As well as novels, Golden has written books and video games. He has also edited numerous horror and dark fantasy fiction anthologies and is writing a series of Sons of Anarchy novels, strangewood Straight On Til Morning The Ferryman The Boys Are Back in Town Wildwood Road Bloodstained Oz - co-authored with James A. The series is based on Washington Irvings The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. net Interview with Christopher Golden at AvPGalaxy. net Christopher Golden at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
33.
IDW Publishing
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IDW Publishing is an American publisher of comic books, graphic novels, art books and comic strip collections. The company was founded as the division of Idea and Design Works. The company is perhaps best known for its comic book adaptations of movies. In 2000, Idea and Design Works formed its publishing division, IDW Publishing and in 2007, Two of the original founders, Adams and Robbins, still actively manage the company, which has grown into a fully staffed publishing company. In 2007, IDT Corporation purchased a majority interest in IDW, in 2009, IDT created CTM Media Holdings via a tax-free spin-off. This new company, later renamed IDW Media Holdings, consists of the majority interest in IDW, IDW Publishings second title, Popbot, won two Gold Spectrum Awards. IDW Publishing also publishes comics based on the TV franchises Star Trek, the company has also had success with comic license from toy company Hasbro brands, The Transformers, G. I. Joe, My Little Pony and Jem, Transformers has had as many as five different titles running concurrently. An additional six-part limited series titled Doctor Who, The Forgotten started in mid-2008 by Tony Lee and Pia Guerra, as well as a series of monthly one-shot, self-contained stories. July 2009 saw the beginning of Doctor Who, a series featuring the Tenth Doctor, written by Tony Lee. In 2010, IDW Publishing released the sequel to Michael San Giacomos Phantom Jack Image Comics series with Phantom Jack, the graphic novel is notable because it features the death of the main character, a reporter who can turn invisible. IDW Publishing formed an imprint with EA Games in late 2009, called EA Comics, to focus on adaptations of the video games, with initial titles including Army of Two. Code Word, Geronimo reached #22 on Diamond Comics top 100 list its first month after release, in March 2012 IDW Publishing announced it would release new comics based on Judge Dredd and The Crow. Also in 2012, Hasbro licensed the use of My Little Pony, in February 2013, IDW Publishing announced a partnership with Cartoon Network to publish comics based on the networks television series and reprint older Cartoon Network comics. On January 6,2015, IDW Publishing announced it had acquired Top Shelf Productions. I, joe comics license in May 2008 and released three new series under editor Andy Schmidt, from writers such as Chuck Dixon, Larry Hama and Christos Gage. Other comics were released in time to tie-in with the summer 2009 G. I, in March 2009, IDW Publishing forged an agreement with Mike Golds Comicmix. com to publish print versions of Comicmixs online comic books. The agreement stipulates Comicmix must provide two comic books a month to IDW Publishing to publish, as well as graphic novels, the books are published with both the IDW Publishing and Comicmix. com logos on the covers. A collection of Mundens Bar stories original to Comicmixs website is also forthcoming, in 2004,2005 and 2006 IDW Publishing was named Publisher of the Year by Diamond Comic Distributors
34.
G.I. Joe (IDW Publishing)
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Joe is a comic book series by IDW Publishing, based upon Hasbros G. I. The series was marketed as three ongoing series, two mini-series and a series of one-shots. An issue #0, was released in October 2008, containing three stories which acted as previews for the main G. I. Joe, Infestation was released in March 2011, in the 12th issue of G. I. Joe, Cobra II, the original Cobra Commander was killed and this ended all three original ongoing series and resulted in a stand-alone G. I. This issue spawned two new G. I, Joe, Cobra ongoing series, and a G. I. Joe, Snake Eyes ongoing series which took the storyline into a new direction, Joe is similar to their launch of The Transformers, where the history is rebooted and the creators have access to characters from any era of the G. I. Joe, A Real American Hero line, Devils Due Publishing lost the G. I. Joe comics license in January 2008, and published their last G. I, Joe comic in July 2008 with G. I. The license was given to IDW Publishing, which was officially announced on May 29,2008. Joe series is a reboot of the property, ignoring the continuity from the Marvel. Issue #0 was released in October 2008, containing three stories which acted as previews for the main G. I. It was originally solicited as G. I, Joe is the main series of the new IDW continuity of G. I. It chronicles the new conflict between the G. I, Joe Team and Cobra as presented by the new IDW continuity. Contrary to what was believed, original G. I. Joe comic writer Larry Hama is not the writer for this series, instead, veteran comic book writer Chuck Dixon is penning this series. Joe, Origins is a mini-series that later became an ongoing series, the series was penned by original G. I. Joe writer Larry Hama, who was thought to be the scribe for the main series
35.
Avatar Press
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Avatar Press is an independent American publisher of comic books, founded in 1996 by William A. Christensen, and based in Rantoul, Illinois. Avatar Press is most notable for publishing Bad Girl comics such as Pandora, Hellina, Lookers, The Ravening, currently, Avatar publishes several ongoing series. They have a web presence, anchored by Warren Ellis FreakAngels webcomic, as well as the comics news site Bleeding Cool. Publisher Christensen had been a contributor to Wizard magazine before founding Avatar. The company initially published only mini-series and they subsequently expanded to other formats. Among the creators to take them up on their offer were Frank Miller, Warren Ellis, Alan Moore, and Garth Ennis. Lately, the company has taken to licensed comic book adaptations of famous sci-fi and horror shows from movies and television, such as RoboCop, Night of the Living Dead, lansdale, The Drive-in By Bizarre Hands On the Far Side With Dead Folks George R. R
36.
Broadway Books
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Broadway Books, an imprint of the Crown Publishing Group, a Division of Random House, Inc. released its first list in Fall,1996. Bush, Liberal Fascism by Jonah Goldberg, and A Lion Called Christian by Ace Bourke, travel writers in their “Broadway Abroad” category are Frances Mayes, Bill Bryson and Martin Troost. In the field of finance, Broadways titles include David Bachs The Automatic Millionaire. Broadways books that have made into films include Kurt Eichenwald’s bestselling The Informant. In diet, health and fitness titles include Dr. Lou Arrone’s The Skinny, Broadway Books cookbook backlist includes vegetarian guru Deborah Madison. David Bach Bill Bryson Elizabeth Edwards Frances Mayes Carolyn Jessop Bill OReilly Rebecca Skloot Chérie Carter-Scott, MCC Official website Broadway Business website
37.
The Harlem Hellfighters
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The Harlem Hellfighters is a graphic novel written by author Max Brooks with illustrations done by Caanan White. It is an account of the experiences of the entirely African American 369th Infantry Regiment, nicknamed the Harlem Hellfighters by German soldiers. The novel is narrated by Mark, a veteran of the 369ths tour in Europe and it begins upon the inception of US involvement in World War I, with recruitment for the 15th New York National Guard Regiment being held in Harlem, New York. The soldiers, though all black, come from an array of backgrounds, classes. The 15th is headed by Lieutenant Adams and Sergeant Mandla, in July 1917, the regiment commences basic training at Camp Whitman, where they are strictly disciplined and educated by a benevolent Adams. Concurrently, members of the band are subjected to the precise training of renowned bandleader Lt. James Europe. In October, the regiment is reassigned to Spartanburg, South Carolina to finish their training. Fears run high within their ranks given that the town is located in the Jim Crow South, in order to preserve the well-being of his men, Lt. Adams orders them to completely ignore any verbal or physical provocations made by the local populace. Mark and several of his fellow infantrymen are subject to a beating at the hands of townsmen that is only broken up when white soldiers from the 7th Infantry Regiment intervene. After a handful of weeks in Spartanburg, the 15th is deployed to France, after months more of pick and shovel work, the 15th is reorganized into the 369th Infantry Regiment and transferred under the jurisdiction of the French Fourth Army. The French soldiers show a level of acceptance and tolerance of the newly instilled black presence. Marks friend David Scott is killed by a sniper on their first day in the trenches whilst naively peeking into no mans land, the 369th is soon taken aback by the brutal realities of war, the rat-infested, muddy, lice-encompassed trenches become a subject of much complaining. Nonetheless, the soldiers soon prove themselves in combat and this results in the 369ths rise to prominence on both sides of the war, with the Germans nicknaming them the Harlem Hellfighters. As the war progresses, bombings and gas attacks become part of the 369ths daily routine, the African American soldiers soon face intense discrimination from their white counterparts, they are eventually barred altogether from social interactions with the friendlier French. Mark is soon arrested by police after defending himself against a provocation by white soldiers. A frustrated Mark, insisting that he is fighting a white mans war, anticipating the Second Battle of the Marne, the Expeditionary Force formulates a plan to retreat from the would-be German assaulted forward trenches whilst bombarding German supply roads. However, in order for this to be executed, the Americans must enforce the illusion that the trenches are still stocked with men by placing a unit left behind. Lt. Adams subsequently volunteers the 369th for this duty, shortly before combat commences, Mark returns to his regiment, who rides out German bombardment of the forward trenches completely unscathed
38.
African American
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African Americans are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the Black racial groups of Africa. The term may also be used to only those individuals who are descended from enslaved Africans. As a compound adjective the term is usually hyphenated as African-American, Black and African Americans constitute the third largest racial and ethnic group in the United States. Most African Americans are of West and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved peoples within the boundaries of the present United States. On average, African Americans are of 73. 2–80. 9% West African, 18–24% European, according to US Census Bureau data, African immigrants generally do not self-identify as African American. The overwhelming majority of African immigrants identify instead with their own respective ethnicities, immigrants from some Caribbean, Central American and South American nations and their descendants may or may not also self-identify with the term. After the founding of the United States, black people continued to be enslaved, believed to be inferior to white people, they were treated as second-class citizens. The Naturalization Act of 1790 limited U. S. citizenship to whites only, in 2008, Barack Obama became the first African American to be elected President of the United States. The first African slaves arrived via Santo Domingo to the San Miguel de Gualdape colony, the ill-fated colony was almost immediately disrupted by a fight over leadership, during which the slaves revolted and fled the colony to seek refuge among local Native Americans. De Ayllón and many of the colonists died shortly afterwards of an epidemic, the settlers and the slaves who had not escaped returned to Haiti, whence they had come. The first recorded Africans in British North America were 20 and odd negroes who came to Jamestown, as English settlers died from harsh conditions, more and more Africans were brought to work as laborers. Typically, young men or women would sign a contract of indenture in exchange for transportation to the New World, the landowner received 50 acres of land from the state for each servant purchased from a ships captain. An indentured servant would work for years without wages. The status of indentured servants in early Virginia and Maryland was similar to slavery, servants could be bought, sold, or leased and they could be physically beaten for disobedience or running away. Africans could legally raise crops and cattle to purchase their freedom and they raised families, married other Africans and sometimes intermarried with Native Americans or English settlers. By the 1640s and 1650s, several African families owned farms around Jamestown and some became wealthy by colonial standards and purchased indentured servants of their own. In 1640, the Virginia General Court recorded the earliest documentation of slavery when they sentenced John Punch. One of Dutch African arrivals, Anthony Johnson, would own one of the first black slaves, John Casor
39.
369th Infantry Regiment
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The 369th Infantry Regiment, formerly known as the 15th New York National Guard Regiment, was an infantry regiment of the United States Army National Guard during World War I and World War II. The Regiment consisted mainly of African Americans, though it included a number of Puerto Rican Americans during World War II. It was known for being the first African American regiment to serve with the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I. Before the 15th New York National Guard Regiment was formed, any African American that wanted to fight in the war had to enlist in the French or Canadian armies. The regiment was nicknamed the Harlem Hellfighters, the Black Rattlers, and the Men of Bronze, which was given to the regiment by the French. The nickname Hell Fighters was given to them by the Germans due to their toughness, the Harlem Hellfighters were the first all-black regiment who helped change the white American publics opinion on African American soldiers and paved the way for future black soldiers. On 5 October 1917 Emmett J. Scott, long time secretary to Booker T. Washington, was appointed Special Assistant to Newton D. Baker, the Secretary of War. Scott was to serve as an advisor in situations that involved the well-being of ten million African Americans. While many African Americans who served in the Great War believed that, upon returning home racial discrimination would dissipate, racial hatred after World War I was probably at its worst until the start of the Second World War. So with this American discrimination of African American soldiers, these troops were sent to Europe where they were used to fill vacancies in the French armies. Unlike the British, the French held high opinions of black soldiers, ironically this made African American troops more passionate about fighting for America. This newly created patriotism by African Americans then led to the creation of the 369th Infantry Regiment, although many African Americans were eager to fight in the war, they were being turned away from military service. When the United States realized that it did not have close to enough soldiers, additionally, it decided to allow African Americans to enlist as well. This would give African Americans the opportunity that they needed to try, the 369th Regiment was formed from the National Guards 15th Regiment in New York. The 15th Regiment was formed after Charles S. Whitman was elected Governor of New York and he enforced the legislation that was passed due to the efforts of the 10th Cavalry in Mexico, which had passed as a law that had not manifested until 2 June 1913. Once the United States entered into World War I, many African Americans believed that entering the armed forces would help eliminate racial discrimination throughout the United States. Many African Americans felt that it was a God-sent blessing so that they could prove that they deserved respect from the white Americans through service in the armed forces. Through the efforts of the Central Committee of Negro College Men and President Wilson, the 369th Infantry Regiment was constituted 2 June 1913 in the New York Army National Guard as the 15th New York Infantry Regiment
40.
World War I
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World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history and it was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved. The war drew in all the worlds great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances, the Allies versus the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. These alliances were reorganised and expanded as more nations entered the war, Italy, Japan, the trigger for the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, by Yugoslav nationalist Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. This set off a crisis when Austria-Hungary delivered an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia. Within weeks, the powers were at war and the conflict soon spread around the world. On 25 July Russia began mobilisation and on 28 July, the Austro-Hungarians declared war on Serbia, Germany presented an ultimatum to Russia to demobilise, and when this was refused, declared war on Russia on 1 August. Germany then invaded neutral Belgium and Luxembourg before moving towards France, after the German march on Paris was halted, what became known as the Western Front settled into a battle of attrition, with a trench line that changed little until 1917. On the Eastern Front, the Russian army was successful against the Austro-Hungarians, in November 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers, opening fronts in the Caucasus, Mesopotamia and the Sinai. In 1915, Italy joined the Allies and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers, Romania joined the Allies in 1916, after a stunning German offensive along the Western Front in the spring of 1918, the Allies rallied and drove back the Germans in a series of successful offensives. By the end of the war or soon after, the German Empire, Russian Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, national borders were redrawn, with several independent nations restored or created, and Germanys colonies were parceled out among the victors. During the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, the Big Four imposed their terms in a series of treaties, the League of Nations was formed with the aim of preventing any repetition of such a conflict. This effort failed, and economic depression, renewed nationalism, weakened successor states, and feelings of humiliation eventually contributed to World War II. From the time of its start until the approach of World War II, at the time, it was also sometimes called the war to end war or the war to end all wars due to its then-unparalleled scale and devastation. In Canada, Macleans magazine in October 1914 wrote, Some wars name themselves, during the interwar period, the war was most often called the World War and the Great War in English-speaking countries. Will become the first world war in the sense of the word. These began in 1815, with the Holy Alliance between Prussia, Russia, and Austria, when Germany was united in 1871, Prussia became part of the new German nation. Soon after, in October 1873, German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck negotiated the League of the Three Emperors between the monarchs of Austria-Hungary, Russia and Germany
41.
Sony Pictures
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Sony Pictures Entertainment Inc. is an American entertainment company that produces, acquires and distributes filmed entertainment through multiple platforms. It operates as a subsidiary of Sony Entertainment Inc. which is the parent company for both the music and motion picture businesses of Sony Corporation, based in Culver City, California, it encompasses Sonys motion picture, television production and distribution units. Its group sales in the fiscal year 2015 has been reported to be of $8.3 billion, Sony Pictures film franchises include Spider-Man, Men in Black, Underworld, Resident Evil, and Robert Langdon. Sony Pictures is one of Hollywoods major film studios and a member of the Motion Picture Association of America, on September 1,1987, The Coca-Cola Company announced plans to spin-off its assets of Columbia Pictures, which it had owned since 1982. Under this arrangement, Coca-Cola would sell its entertainment assets to TriStar Pictures, Tri-Star would be renamed to Columbia Pictures Entertainment, Inc. with Coca-Cola owning 49%, its shareholders owning 31%, and Tri-Stars shareholders owning 20%. A new company was formed in early 1988 with the Tri-Star name to take over the studios operations, on September 28,1989, Sony obtained an option to purchase all of The Coca-Cola Companys stock in CPE for $27 per share. This was all led by Norio Ohga, who was the president, the hiring of Guber and Peters by Sony to run Columbia was conflicted by a previous contract the producers had signed at Warner Bros. Time Warners chairman, Steve Ross, threatened Sony with a lawsuit for breach of contract, the lawsuit would be subsequently dropped when Sony sold half-interest in Columbia House and cable distribution rights to Columbias feature films, TV movies, and miniseries to Warner Bros. Said agreement also saw Columbia sell its 35% interest in the Burbank Studios, on November 8,1989, Sony completed the acquisition by a short-form merger of its wholly owned subsidiary Sony Columbia Acquisition Corporation into CPE under Delaware law. Sony also completed a tender offer for shares of stock of the Guber-Peters Entertainment Company on November 6,1989. The acquisition cost Sony $4.9 billion and was backed by five major Japanese banks Mitsui, Tokyo, Fuji, Mitsubishi, the company was renamed Sony Pictures Entertainment on August 7,1991. On June 4,2008, SPEs wholly owned group 2JS Productions B. V. acquired Dutch production company 2waytraffic N. V. famous for Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. and You Are What You Eat for £114.3 million. In 2011, the Sony Pictures computer network was breached and approximately one million user accounts associated with the SonyPictures. com website were leaked. On November 21,2013, SPE and Sony Entertainments CEO Michael Lynton announced that SPE will shift emphasis from movies to television by cutting its 2014 film slate, on January 22,2014, SPE folded its technology unit into its various cores of its businesses. On February 6,2014, Sony Pictures Entertainment, through their legal name Columbia TriStar Warner Filmes de Portugal Ltda. announced that they close their offices in Portugal on March 31. On November 20,2015, Sony Pictures Home Entertainment announced that they will release Ultra HD Blu-ray releases, the first set will be in early 2016 and will include film and television content. In November 2014, the Sony Pictures computer network was compromised by a group of hackers named Guardians of Peace, disabling many computers. Later the same week, five of Sony Pictures movies were leaked, including some not yet released, as well as confidential data about 47,000 current and former Sony employees
42.
MineCon
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MineCon is a convention for the video game Minecraft, hosted by Mojang. The first gathering in 2010 was known as MinecraftCon, the Minecon 2011 convention was held in Las Vegas and celebrated the launch of the game with Minecraft-related discussion panels and gaming areas. The most recent convention, held in Anaheim, had 12,000 attendees, MinecraftCon 2010 was a gathering of more than 30 people at Bellevue, Washington on August 31. Markus Persson made an appearance at the meet-up when several requests were made for a community meet-up and this was not technically a convention, but some count it as the first Minecraft convention. 5,000 people attended the first official Minecon convention held in Las Vegas on 18 November 2011, the convention focused on celebrating the games release and hosted Minecraft-related discussion panels, and invited people to play the game with others while at the convention. There were keynote speeches from members of the community, building contests, one of the many events at Minecon was the Nether Party, an event for those aged 21 and over, featuring deadmau5. This event also marked the release of Minecraft 1.0 to the public, on 2 August 2012, Mojang announced that the 2012 Minecon convention would take place in the Paris Disneyland Park on 24 and 25 November. The announcement was made over the social networking platform Twitter when the creator, Markus Persson. The video shows Mojang team members wearing Disney paraphernalia, and Persson comments to lead developer Jens Bergensten, joystiqs JC Fletcher said that the site was a step up from the first Minecons location in Las Vegas. The second annual convention was the first held outside of the United States and it was held in the wake of Minecrafts growing popularity as the Xbox 360 version of the game sold 3 million copies. 2012 was also the start of several in-game unofficial Minecons, notably Virtual Minecon, many in-game Minecons have announced an intent to return with the start of the next Minecon. 4,500 fans attended the convention in 2012, Mojang made several announcements at the 2012 convention. Details about the 1.5 Redstone update were revealed as well as information on the games modding API, the Redstone update was planned for release in early March 2013 and included new features added to the redstone ore in the game. Minecraft 1.5 added hoppers, droppers, and more, in April 2013, Lydia Winters revealed that Minecon 2013 would be held in the United States. Jens Bergensten later said that it would be on the east coast, on 27 June, it was announced on Mojangs YouTube Channel that Minecon 2013 will be held in Orlando, Florida. The website for the Orange County Convention Center had listed Minecon as an event in November, with an attendance of 7,500. Tickets went on sale in three each of 2,500 tickets on 31 July,2 August, and 3 August. The first batch of 2,500 tickets were out in three seconds according to Mojang COO Vu Bui
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Minecraft
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Minecraft is a sandbox video game originally created and designed by Swedish game designer Markus Notch Persson, and later fully developed and published by Mojang. The creative and building aspects of Minecraft enable players to build out of textured cubes in a 3D procedurally generated world. Other activities in the game include exploration, resource gathering, crafting, the PC version of the game is noted for its modding scene, where a dedicated community creates new gameplay mechanics, items, and assets for the game. Minecraft received praise from critics, and won awards and accolades. As of February 2017, over 121 million copies have been sold across all platforms, making it the second best-selling video game of all time, only behind the various releases of Tetris. In September 2014, Microsoft announced a deal to buy Mojang, Minecraft is a three-dimensional sandbox game that has no specific goals for the player to accomplish, allowing players a great amount of freedom in choosing how to play the game. However, there is an achievement system, gameplay by default is first person, but players have the option to play in third person mode. The core gameplay revolves around breaking and placing blocks, the game world is composed of rough 3D objects—mainly cubes—arranged in a fixed grid pattern and representing different materials, such as dirt, stone, various ores, water, lava, tree trunks, etc. While players can move freely across the world, objects can only be placed at fixed locations on the grid, players can gather these material blocks and place them elsewhere, thus allowing for various constructions. At the start of the game, the player is placed on the surface of a procedurally generated, the world is divided into biomes ranging from deserts to jungles to snowfields. Players can walk across the terrain consisting of plains, mountains, forests, caves, the in-game time system follows a day and night cycle, with one full cycle lasting 20 real-time minutes. Throughout the course of the game, players encounter various non-player characters known as mobs, including animals, villagers, non-hostile animals—such as cows, pigs, and chickens—can be hunted for food and crafting materials, and spawn in the daytime. By contrast, hostile mobs—such as large spiders, skeletons, and zombies—spawn during nighttime or in dark places, such as caves. The game world is generated as players explore it, using a map seed which is obtained from the system clock at the time of world creation unless manually specified by the player. The game achieves this by splitting the world data into smaller sections called chunks. The games physics system has often described by commentators as unrealistic. Most solid blocks are not affected by gravity, liquids flow from a source block, which can be removed by placing a solid block in its place, or by scooping it into a bucket. Complex systems can be built using mechanical devices, electrical circuits
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Roseanne (TV series)
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Roseanne is an American sitcom that was broadcast on ABC from October 18,1988, to May 20,1997. Lauded for its portrayal of the average American family, the series stars Roseanne Barr, and revolves around the Conners. The series reached #1 in the Nielsen ratings, becoming the most watched show in the United States from 1989 to 1990. The show remained in the top four for six of its nine seasons, in 1993, the episode A Stash from the Past was ranked #21 on TV Guides 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time. In 2002, Roseanne was ranked #35 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, in 2013, it was ranked #32 on TV Guides 60 Best Series of All Time. In coming up with ideas for new shows, Marcy Carsey, up until that point, there had been shows with working mothers, but only as an adjunct to the father in the family. Werner had suggested that they take a chance on Barr whom they had seen on The Tonight Show and this was because he saw the unique in your face voice that they were looking for, and he contacted her agent and offered her the role. The show is centered on the Conners, an American working-class family struggling to get by on a household income in the fictional town of Lanford. Lanford was nominally located in Fulton County, but other on-air references over the years suggest the town is in the vicinity of Aurora, Elgin, and DeKalb, which are much closer to Chicago. The family consisted of outspoken Roseanne, married to husband Dan, later in the series, Roseanne becomes pregnant again and gives birth to a boy named Jerry Garcia Conner. Establishing shots were photographed in Evansville, Indiana, the hometown of first-season producer Matt Williams, exterior shots of the Conner household were based on a real home located in Evansville, located at 620 Runnymede Ave, a few blocks from Williams alma mater, University of Evansville. My show seeks to portray various slices of life, and homosexuals are a reality. Both actresses appeared together in one episode, story arcs occasionally spanned across several episodes or an entire season. Roseanne is a worker at Wellman Plastics, along with her sister Jackie. Jackie has a relationship with Booker, the foreman at Wellman. Dan finds sporadic work as a contractor and faces a strained relationship with his irresponsible. Roseannes parents, Beverly and Al, consider moving to Lanford, tomboy Darlene struggles with her femininity as she enters puberty and gets her first period. Becky faces dating problems with her first boyfriend Chip, who is introduced in the Lovers Lane episode, Season one also finds the Conners experiencing, and surviving, a tornado
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To Be or Not to Be (1983 film)
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To Be or Not to Be is a 1983 American war comedy film directed by Alan Johnson and produced by Mel Brooks. The screenplay was written by Ronny Graham and Thomas Meehan, based on the story by Melchior Lengyel, Ernst Lubitsch. A remake of the 1942 film of the name, the film starred Mel Brooks alongside his wife Anne Bancroft, Tim Matheson, Charles Durning, Christopher Lloyd. This remake was mostly faithful to the 1942 film on which it was based and, in many cases, the characters of Bronski and Joseph Tura are, however, combined into a single character. The character of the treacherous Professor Siletsky was made into a comic, even somewhat buffoonish, figure. His dresser, Anna, has replaced with Sasha, allowing them to address the plight of gay people under the Nazis. The film was reviewed by Vincent Canby in the New York Times. It has a 63% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, indicating Fresh, however, the film was not a great commercial success, grossing only $13,030,214. For his performance as Colonel Erhardt, Charles Durning was nominated for the Best Supporting Actor Academy Award, at the 41st Golden Globe Awards, Durning was nominated for Best Supporting Actor and Anne Bancroft was nominated for Best Actress – Comedy or Musical. To Be or Not to Be at the Internet Movie Database To Be or Not to Be at the TCM Movie Database To Be or Not to Be at Box Office Mojo To Be or Not to Be at Rotten Tomatoes
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