1.
Lorne Michaels
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He was born Lorne Lipowitz to Florence Becker and Henry Abraham Lipowitz, a furrier, in British occupied Palestine. They moved to Toronto, Ontario, Canada, while he was an infant and he has two younger siblings, a sister, Barbara Lipowitz, who currently resides in Toronto, and a brother, Mark Lipowitz, who died from a brain tumor. Michaels attended the Forest Hill Collegiate Institute in Toronto and graduated from University College, University of Toronto, Michaels began his career as a writer and broadcaster for CBC Radio. He moved to Los Angeles from Toronto in 1968 to work as a writer for Laugh-In and he starred with Hart Pomerantz in The Hart and Lorne Terrific Hour, a Canadian comedy series which ran briefly in the early 1970s. During the late 1960s, Michaels began a relationship with Rosie Shuster and she was the daughter of Frank Shuster, one half of the famous comedy team, Wayne and Shuster. Michaels and Shuster were married in 1971 and divorced in 1980, in 1975 Michaels created the TV show NBCs Saturday Night, which in 1977 changed its name to Saturday Night Live. The show, which is performed live in front of an audience, immediately established a reputation for being cutting-edge. It became a vehicle for launching the careers of some of the most successful comedians in the United States, originally the producer of the show, Michaels was also a writer and later became executive producer. He occasionally appears on-screen as well, where he is known for his deadpan humor, throughout the shows history, SNL has been nominated for more than 156 Emmy Awards and has won 36. It has consistently been one of the highest-rated late-night television programs, Michaels has been with SNL for all seasons except for his hiatus in the early 1980s. She also appeared in a sketch about underage drinking when Zac Efron hosted the show, perhaps Michaels best-known appearance occurred in the first season when he offered the Beatles $3,000 to reunite on the show. He later upped his offer to $3,200, but the money was never claimed, according to an interview in Playboy magazine, John Lennon and Paul McCartney happened to be in New York City that night and wanted to see the show. They very nearly went, but changed their minds as it was getting too late to get to the show on time and this near-reunion was the basis for the TV movie Two of Us. On the November 20,1976 show, musical guest George Harrison appeared, Harrison tells Michaels his refusal to pay him his share is chintzy, and Michaels counters by saying, The Beatles dont have to split the money equally. They can give, say, Ringo less if they want, Michaels started Broadway Video in 1979, producing such shows as The Kids in the Hall. Shortly afterwards, citing burnout, he left Saturday Night Live and he returned to the show in 1985. During his SNL hiatus, Michaels created another show titled The New Show. The show failed to garner the same enthusiasm as SNL and lasted only 9 episodes before being cancelled, Michaels was identified as the anointed successor to Greene
2.
Tina Fey
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Elizabeth Stamatina Tina Fey is an American actress, comedian, writer, and producer. She is also known for writing and co-starring in the film Mean Girls, as well as appearing in such films as Baby Mama, Date Night, Muppets Most Wanted. Fey broke into comedy as a player in the Chicago-based improvisational comedy group The Second City. She then joined SNL as a writer, later becoming head writer, in 2004, she co-starred in and wrote the screenplay for Mean Girls, which was adapted from the 2002 self-help book Queen Bees and Wannabes. After leaving SNL in 2006, she created the television series 30 Rock for Broadway Video, in the series, Fey portrays the head writer of a fictional sketch comedy series. In 2008, she starred in the comedy film Baby Mama, Fey next appeared in the 2010 comedy film Date Night and the animated film Megamind. In 2015, she created and produced the television series Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, originally for NBC and her other films include Sisters and Whiskey Tango Foxtrot. Fey has received nine Emmy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, five Screen Actors Guild Awards, and four Writers Guild of America Awards and her autobiography Bossypants topped The New York Times Best Seller list for five weeks. In 2008, the Associated Press gave Fey the AP Entertainer of the Year award for her portrayal of Republican vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin in a guest appearance on SNL. In 2010, Fey was awarded the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor, on January 13,2013, Fey hosted the 70th Golden Globe Awards with her long-time friend and fellow comedian, Amy Poehler, to critical acclaim. The duo hosted again the two years, generating the highest ratings for the annual ceremony in a decade and receiving similar acclaim. Fey was born in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania, an inner ring suburb of Philadelphia and her mother, Zenobia Jeanne, is a brokerage employee. Her father, Donald Henry Fey, was a university grant proposal-writer and she has a brother, Peter, who is eight years older. Feys mother, who was born in Piraeus, is the daughter of Greek immigrants, Vasiliki Kourelakou, Feys maternal grandmother, left Petrina on her own, arriving in the United States in February 1921. According to a genealogical DNA test arranged by the television series Finding Your Roots, Feys ancestry is 94% European, 3% Middle Eastern, Fey was exposed to comedy early, I remember my parents sneaking me in to see Young Frankenstein. We would also watch Saturday Night Live, or Monty Python and my dad would let us stay up late to watch The Honeymooners. We were not allowed to watch The Flintstones though, my dad hated it because it ripped off The Honeymooners, I actually have a very low level of Flintstones knowledge for someone my age. At age 11, Fey read Joe Franklins Seventy Years of Great Film Comedians for a project about comedy
3.
Rosalind Wiseman
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Rosalind Wiseman is an American parenting educator and author of several publications. Wiseman is also the creator of the Owning Up Curriculum, a program that students and educators to take responsibility as bystanders, perpetrators. Wiseman grew up in Washington, D. C. with her two siblings and parents Kathy, a management consultant, and Steve Wiseman, a real estate developer. After attending Maret School in Washington, DC she attended Occidental College in Los Angeles, where she began studying martial arts with a fellow student James Edwards, whom she married in 1996. By the time she graduated with a degree in Political Science in 1991. Wiseman and Edwards moved back to Washington, D. C. after graduating, the book gives suggestions on how parents can better understand and help their daughters navigate the social atmosphere of what Wiseman refers to as Girl World. It includes candid quotes from the girls Wiseman interviewed, since its release in 2004, it has become a New York Times Best Seller. com
4.
Lindsay Lohan
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Lindsay Dee Lohan is an American actress and singer. Lohan began her career as a fashion model when she was three, and was later featured on the soap opera Another World for a year when she was 10. At age 11, Lohan made her motion picture debut in Disneys commercially and critically successful 1998 remake of The Parent Trap and her next major motion picture, Disneys 2003 remake of Freaky Friday, was also a critical and commercial success. However, Lohans next starring role in the romantic comedy Just My Luck, following Just My Luck, Lohan focused on smaller, more mature roles in independent movies, receiving positive comments on her work, including A Prairie Home Companion, Bobby and Chapter 27. After recording several songs for her movie soundtracks, Lohan signed with Casablanca Records, though the album received mostly lukewarm reviews, it was certified platinum and sold over 4 million copies worldwide. Lohans second album, titled A Little More Personal, was released in December 2005 and that album received mixed reviews, and it was certified gold. In 2007, two driving under the influence led to Lohan being put on probation, and together with three visits to rehabilitation facilities caused the loss of several movie deals. In 2008 and 2009, Lohan worked as a fashion model and she resumed her acting career with TV work in 2008, and starred in the TV film Labor Pains. She appeared in Robert Rodriguezs feature film Machete, between 2010 and 2013, Lohan went into rehabilitation three times, and spent much of her time entangled in legal problems stemming from misdemeanors and probation violations. In 2012 and 2013, she did television work, including starring as Elizabeth Taylor in the biographical TV film Liz & Dick. In 2013, she starred in Paul Schraders independent film The Canyons, in 2014, the docu-series Lindsay aired on the Oprah Winfrey Network, and Lohan made her stage debut in the London West End production of Speed-the-Plow. Lindsay Lohan was born on July 2,1986, in The Bronx, New York City and she is the eldest child of Dina and Michael Lohan. Her father, a former Wall Street trader, has been in trouble with the law on several occasions, while her mother is a former singer and dancer. Lohan has three siblings, all of whom have been models or actors, Michael, Jr. who appeared with Lohan in The Parent Trap, Aliana, known as Ali. Lohan is of Irish and Italian heritage, and she was reared as a Catholic and her maternal antecedents were well known Irish Catholic stalwarts and her great-grandfather, John L. Sullivan, was a co-founder of the Pro-life Party in Long Island. Lohan attended Cold Spring Harbor High School and Sanford H. Calhoun High School, where she did well in science and mathematics, until grade 11, Lohan is a natural red head. Lohans parents have a turbulent history and they married in 1985, separated when she was three, and later reunited. They separated again in 2005 and finalized their divorce in 2007, Lohan began her career as a child model with Ford Models at the age of three
5.
Rachel McAdams
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Rachel Anne McAdams is a Canadian actress. In 2002, she made her Hollywood film debut in the comedy The Hot Chick, McAdams rose to fame in 2004 with her roles in the comedy Mean Girls and the romantic drama The Notebook. In 2005, she starred in the romantic comedy Wedding Crashers, the psychological thriller Red Eye, and she was hailed by the media as Hollywoods new it girl, and received a BAFTA nomination for Best Rising Star. After a two-year career break, McAdams starred in two limited release films in 2008, the film noir Married Life and the road trip comedy-drama The Lucky Ones, in 2010, McAdams appeared in her first star vehicle, the comedy Morning Glory. In 2015, her highest profile roles were in the season of the HBO crime drama True Detective. For her performance in Spotlight, she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Rachel McAdams was born in London, Ontario, the daughter of Sandra Kay, a nurse, and Lance Frederick McAdams, a driver and furniture mover. McAdams is the eldest of three children, with a sister, Kayleen, a celebrity make-up artist, and a brother and she grew up in a Protestant household. When she was four years old, she began figure skating, then skating became merely a hobby. She competed in skating until the age of eighteen, winning regional awards and she has since said that skating prepared her for physical acting, because it trained her to be in tune with her body. McAdams was educated at Myrtle Street Public School, and later Central Elgin Collegiate Institute and she did not enjoy academic work and often would pretend to be sick to avoid going to school. Nonetheless, she was active in student life, in addition to playing sports, McAdams served on the student council, participated in the Crimestoppers program, and was a member of the Peer Helping Team. She worked at a McDonalds restaurant during the holidays for three years. McAdams first developed an interest in performing when she was seven years old and she attended both Disney and Shakespeare summer camps as a child. From the age of twelve, McAdams participated in Original Kids Theatre Company, in her late teens, she directed childrens theatre productions. She also was involved in stage productions, most notably winning a performance award at the Sears Ontario Drama Festival. She was inspired by two of her teachers, who taught her English and drama, respectively, in the eleventh and twelfth grades. McAdams intended to take Cultural studies at the University of Western Ontario before being persuaded by her teacher that a professional acting career was a viable option
6.
Tim Meadows
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Timothy Tim Meadows is an American actor and comedian best known as one of the longest-running cast members on Saturday Night Live, where he appeared for ten seasons. He currently co-stars in the FOX sitcom Son of Zorn, Tim Meadows was born in Highland Park, Michigan, the son of Mardell, a nurses assistant, and Lathon Meadows, a janitor. He studied television and radio broadcasting at Wayne State University, Meadows began performing improvisational comedy at the Soup Kitchen Saloon. Meadows start in business was in Chicago as a member of The Second City comedy troupe alongside future star Chris Farley. In 1991, Meadows landed a spot on Saturday Night Live and would go on to become a longtime cast member, Meadows often spoofed famous personalities including O. J. The character was adapted into a 2000 film, The Ladies Man, which followed the attempts to find love. In 2001, he co-starred in Three Days, in 2003 he appeared as Miles McDermott in The Even Stevens Movie. Meadows soon moved on to projects, including a regular role on the short-lived NBC sitcom The Michael Richards Show. He also guest starred as a client on the hit NBC comedy The Office in the second-season episode The Client and he played a high school principal in Mean Girls, a film written by fellow SNL cast member Tina Fey. He also had a part in Handsome Boy Modeling Schools album White People, in 2007, he appeared in a substantial supporting role in Walk Hard, The Dewey Cox Story. Meadows has appeared in feature films, including Coneheads, Its Pat. Most recently he was in the 2006 film The Benchwarmers alongside his former SNL co-stars Rob Schneider and he was also featured in CBSs Gameshow Marathon, has appeared on The Colbert Report in the recurring role of P. K. Winsome, and starred in The Bill Engvall Show and he was also a frequent guest on the The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson as a comic field reporter. On May 31,2008, Meadows threw out a ceremonial first pitch, in 2014, Meadows co-starred alongside Casey Wilson and Ken Marino in the short-lived NBC sitcom Marry Me. He and Dan Bucatinsky played The Kevins, the gay dads of Annie who are both named Kevin, since 2013, he has appeared in a recurring role on the ABC sitcom The Goldbergs, playing Mr. Glascott, the high schools parrot-owning guidance counselor. In 2016, he began starring in the FOX live-action/animation hybrid Son of Zorn opposite Cheryl Hines, Meadows continues to perform improv in Chicago and Los Angeles, most frequently at venues such as the ImprovOlympic and Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre. With Heather Anne Campbell and Miles Stroth, Meadows frequently performed in the sketch show, Heather, Miles. Bang. as J. Milo Beauregard The Goldbergs as Mr. Glascott Marry Me as Kevin 1 The Spoils Before Dying Son of Zorn as Craig Tween Fest as Hologram Miles Davis The Late Show with Stephen Colbert as P. K
7.
Amy Poehler
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Amy Meredith Poehler is an American actress, comedian, director, producer, voice artist, and writer. After studying improv at Chicagos Second City and ImprovOlympic in the early 1990s, the groups act became a half-hour sketch comedy series on Comedy Central in 1998. Along with other members of the group, Poehler was a founder of the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre. Poehler was a cast member on the NBC television series Saturday Night Live from 2001 to 2008 and became co-anchor of SNLs Weekend Update in 2004 alongside friend, Poehler served as an executive producer on the Swedish-American sitcom Welcome to Sweden, along with her brother Greg Poehler. She is also a producer on Broad City which airs on Comedy Central. In December 2015, Poehler received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her contributions in television, an 18-time Primetime Emmy Award nominee, she won the 2016 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series for Saturday Night Live. Poehler was born in Newton, Massachusetts, to school teachers Eileen and her brother, Greg Poehler, is a producer and actor. She grew up in nearby Burlington and her father is of English, German, Irish, and Portuguese ancestry, while her mother is of Irish descent. She was raised as a Catholic, and graduated from Burlington High School in 1989, while attending Boston College, Poehler was a member of the improv comedy troupe My Mothers Fleabag. She graduated from Boston College with a degree in media and communications in 1993 and moved to Chicago. She also studied with Del Close at ImprovOlympic, during her time at Second City and Improv Olympic in Chicago, Poehler studied alongside Matt Besser under Del Close and Charna Halpern. Poehler and Besser joined with Ian Roberts and Matt Walsh to found the Upright Citizens Brigade, the group performed sketch and improv around Chicago before moving to New York City in 1996. Immediately after moving to New York, the group scored a TV gig. Other early members of UCB included Horatio Sanz, Adam McKay, Rick Roman, in 1998, Comedy Central debuted the groups eponymous half-hour sketch comedy series. During the shows season, the group opened an improv theatre/training center in New York City at 161 W. 22nd Street. The UCB theatre held shows seven nights a week in addition to offering classes in sketch comedy writing, in the summer of 2000, Comedy Central canceled the Upright Citizens Brigade program after its third season, though the UCB Theatre continues to operate. The foursome continue to work together in projects, and frequently perform together in live improv shows at their comedy theatres in both New York and Los Angeles. Poehler was promoted from featured player to full cast member in her first season on the show, beginning with the 2004–2005 season, she co-anchored Weekend Update with Tina Fey, replacing the newly departed Jimmy Fallon
8.
Broadway Video
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Lorne Michaels, who launched Saturday Night Live in 1975, produced several television specials under the banner of Above Average Productions before incorporating Broadway Video in 1979. Michaels took the name from its location at 1619 Broadway in the historic Brill Building in New York. Initially, the principal activity was videotape post-production. One of its main clients was NBC, which hired Michaels to produce and edit Best of Saturday Night specials that aired in prime time. The specials and other comedy and musical projects helped Broadway Video grow “from a one-room operation into a production company, the foundation of a small empire. ”Broadway Video later “prospered” by moving into home entertainment, acquisition. With offices in New York and Los Angeles, the company has continued to develop films and its sitcom,30 Rock, ran for seven seasons between 2006 and 2013. Besides SNL, its current TV productions include The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, Late Night with Seth Meyers, Mulaney, Portlandia, The Awesomes, Man Seeking Woman, and The Maya Rudolph Show. The company’s Above Average Productions distributes its own original digital shorts, Broadway Video Enterprises distributes the company’s library and develops branded entertainment. Broadway Video Ventures invests in emerging technology, media, and entertainment companies, Broadway Video Television develops and produces primetime and late night programming. Its flagship show, Saturday Night Live, where Michaels remains Executive Producer, in 2014, Michaels took on the role of Executive Producer of The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. Since 2011, Broadway Video has produced Portlandia, the Peabody-winning IFC series created by Fred Armisen, Carrie Brownstein, the show, which has been renewed for a fifth season, is distributed in 91 nations. The company’s animated series, The Awesomes, created by Seth Meyers and Mike Shoemaker, premiered on Hulu in 2013 and is now in its second season. Mulaney, set to air on Fox in the fall of 2014, stars comedian John Mulaney, Slated to air on the FXX channel is Man Seeking Woman, ordered by IFC for 2015 is Documentary Now, created by Fred Armisen, Bill Hader, and Seth Meyers. The Maya Rudolph Show, a variety show starring the former SNL cast-member,30 Rock is currently in syndication. Michaels has developed and produced films as Mean Girls, Enigma, Tommy Boy, Lassie. His SNL Studios productions have included The Ladies Man, Superstar, michaels’ co-productions with John Goldwyn include The Guilt Trip, MacGruber, and Baby Mama. Broadway Video revived the Above Average name in June 2012, when it created a division for producing digital content, the company distributes original comedy shorts via its website, AboveAverage. com, and the Above Average network on YouTube. As of 2014, the network featured over 50 channel partners, including such comedy troupes as the Upright Citizens Brigade, The Lonely Island, Good Neighbor, POYKPAC, and BriTANicK
9.
Paramount Pictures
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Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American film studio based in Hollywood, California, that has been a subsidiary of the American media conglomerate Viacom since 1994. In 1916, film producer Adolph Zukor contracted 22 actors and actresses and these fortunate few would become the first movie stars. Paramount Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America, in 2014, Paramount Pictures became the first major Hollywood studio to distribute all of its films in digital form only. Paramount is the fifth oldest surviving studio in the world after the French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, followed by the Nordisk Film company. It is the last major film studio headquartered in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles. Paramount Pictures dates its existence from the 1912 founding date of the Famous Players Film Company, hungarian-born founder, Adolph Zukor, who had been an early investor in nickelodeons, saw that movies appealed mainly to working-class immigrants. With partners Daniel Frohman and Charles Frohman he planned to offer feature-length films that would appeal to the class by featuring the leading theatrical players of the time. By mid-1913, Famous Players had completed five films, and Zukor was on his way to success and its first film was Les Amours de la reine Élisabeth, which starred Sarah Bernhardt. That same year, another aspiring producer, Jesse L. Lasky, opened his Lasky Feature Play Company with money borrowed from his brother-in-law, Samuel Goldfish, the Lasky company hired as their first employee a stage director with virtually no film experience, Cecil B. DeMille, who would find a site in Hollywood, near Los Angeles, for his first feature film. Hodkinson and actor, director, producer Hobart Bosworth had started production of a series of Jack London movies, Paramount was the first successful nationwide distributor, until this time, films were sold on a statewide or regional basis which had proved costly to film producers. Also, Famous Players and Lasky were privately owned while Paramount was a corporation, in 1916, Zukor maneuvered a three-way merger of his Famous Players, the Lasky Company, and Paramount. Zukor and Lasky bought Hodkinson out of Paramount, and merged the three companies into one, with only the exhibitor-owned First National as a rival, Famous Players-Lasky and its Paramount Pictures soon dominated the business. It was this system that gave Paramount a leading position in the 1920s and 1930s, the driving force behind Paramounts rise was Zukor. In 1926, Zukor hired independent producer B. P. Schulberg and they purchased the Robert Brunton Studios, a 26-acre facility at 5451 Marathon Street for US$1 million. In 1927, Famous Players-Lasky took the name Paramount Famous Lasky Corporation, three years later, because of the importance of the Publix Theatres, it became Paramount Publix Corporation. In 1928, Paramount began releasing Inkwell Imps, animated cartoons produced by Max, the Fleischers, veterans in the animation industry, were among the few animation producers capable of challenging the prominence of Walt Disney. The Paramount newsreel series Paramount News ran from 1927 to 1957, Paramount was also one of the first Hollywood studios to release what were known at that time as talkies, and in 1929, released their first musical, Innocents of Paris
10.
Cinerama Dome
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Pacific Theatress Cinerama Dome is a movie theater located at 6360 Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, California. Designed to present widescreen Cinerama films, it opened November 7,1963, today it continues as a leading first run theater. The original developer was Saul Pick, in February 1963, Cinerama Inc. unveiled a radically new design for theaters which would show its movies. They would be based on the geodesic dome developed by R. Buckminster Fuller, would cost half as much as conventional theaters of comparable size, cineramas goal was to see at least 600 built worldwide within two years. The following April, Pacific Theatres Inc. announced plans to build the first theater based upon the design, the design was adapted by the noted architectural firm of Welton Becket and Associates. Total construction time is reported to have been 16 weeks, the domed roof comprises 316 precast concrete panels in 16 patterns, each weighing some 3,200 pounds. The first pentagonal panel was placed on August 29, with the rest to be installed over 4 weeks, the Its a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World premiere marked the dawn of single lens Cinerama. Previously, Cinerama was known for its groundbreaking three-projector process, from 1963 until 2002, the Cinerama Dome never showed movies with the three-projector process. With its 86 feet wide screen, advanced acoustics and 70mm film capability, but by the late 1990s the motion picture exhibition business began to favor multiplex cinemas, and Pacific Theatres proposed a plan to remodel the Dome as a part of a shopping mall/cinema complex. Historical preservationists were outraged, not wishing to see another great theater turned into a multiplex or destroyed, at the same time, a small contingent of Cinerama enthusiasts had begun resurrecting the three-projector process. They and the preservationists prevailed on Pacific to rethink its plans for the property, the preservation of the Cinerama Dome came at a time when most other surviving Cinerama theaters were being demolished. The Cinerama Dome was declared a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument in 1998, in 2002 after a two-year closure, the Cinerama Dome was reopened as a part of Pacific Theatres ArcLight Hollywood complex. The dome remains essentially unchanged though there have been improvements, notably in the acoustics, but for the first time ever, the Cinerama Dome began showing movies in the three-projector format. It is one of three such theaters in the world today. The Cinerama Dome made its digital debut in May 2005 with Star Wars. In 2009, James Camerons Avatar was the first 3D film to be shown in the Cinerama Dome, in December 2015, the Cinerama Dome upgraded to a laser projection system, using two Christie 6P projectors and Dolby 3D. The Cinerama Dome was featured in the 2008 film Frost/Nixon directed by Ron Howard in the scene recreating the Hollywood premiere of the Sherman Brothers 1976 musical film, The Slipper and the Rose. It was also shown in Melrose Places fourth episode, Vine, as the location for the premiere of the fictional movie Kensington Squared
11.
Secondary school
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A secondary school is both an organization that delivers level 2 junior secondary education or level 3 secondary education phases of the ISCED scale, and the building where this takes place. Level 2 junior secondary education is considered to be the second, Secondary schools typically follow on from primary schools and lead into vocational and tertiary education. Attendance is compulsory in most countries for students between the ages 11 and 16, the systems and terminology remain unique to each country. School building design does not happen in isolation, schools need to accommodate students, staff, storage, mechanical and electrical systems, storage, support staff, ancillary staff and administration. The number of rooms required can be determined from the roll of the school. A general classroom for 30 students needs to be 55m2, or more generously 62m2, a general art room for 30 students needs to be 83m2, but 104 m2 for 3D textile work. A drama studio or a specialist science laboratory for 30 needs to be 90 m2, examples are given on how this can be configured for a 1,200 place secondary. The building providing the education has to fulfil the needs of, The students, the teachers, the support staff, the adminstrators. It has to should meet health requirements, minimal functional requirements- such as classrooms, toilets and showers, electricity, textbooks, Government accountants having read the advice then publish minimum guidelines on schools. These enable environmental modelling and establish building costs. Future plans are audited to ensure that standards are not exceeded. The UK government published this downwardly revised space formula in 2014 and it said the floor area should be 1050m² +6. 3m²/pupil place for 11- to 16-year-olds + 7m²/pupil place for post-16s. The external finishes were to be downgraded to meet a build cost of £1113/m², a secondary school, locally may be called high school, junior high school, senior high school. Sweden, gymnasium Switzerland, gymnasium, secondary school, collège or lycée Taiwan, Junior High School, Senior High School, Vocational High School, Military School, in Nigeria, secondary school starts from JSS1 until SSS3. Most students start at the age of 10 or 11 and finish at 16 or 17, Students are required to sit for the West African Senior Secondary Certificate Examination. To progress to university students must obtain at least a credit in Maths, English, in Somalia, secondary school starts from 9th grade until 12th. Students start it when they are around 14 to 15 years of age, Students are required to study Somali and Arabic, with the option of either English or Italian depending on the type of school. Religion, chemistry, physics, biology, physical education, textile, art, design, when secondary school has been completed, students are sent to national training camp before going to either college, or military training. In South Africa, high school begins at grade 8, Students study for five years, at the end of which they write a Matriculation examination
12.
Saturday Night Live
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Saturday Night Live is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11,1975, under the original title NBCs Saturday Night, the shows comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest and features performances by a musical guest, an episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, Live from New York, its Saturday Night. In 1980, Michaels left the series to other opportunities. He was replaced by Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season of bad reviews, Ebersol ran the show until 1985, when Michaels returned, Michaels has remained since then. Many of SNLs cast found national stardom while appearing on the show, others associated with the show, such as writers, have gone on to successful careers creating, writing, or starring in TV and film. The show format has developed and recreated in several countries. Successful sketches have seen life outside of the show as feature films, throughout four decades on air, Saturday Night Live has received a number of awards, including 50 Primetime Emmy Awards, two Peabody Awards, and three Writers Guild of America Awards. In 2000, it was inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame and it was ranked tenth in TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time list, and in 2007 it was listed as one of Time magazines 100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME. As of 2012, it has received 156 Emmy nominations, the most received by any TV show, the live aspect of the show has resulted in several controversies and acts of censorship, with mistakes and intentional acts of sabotage by performers as well as guests. From 1965 until September 1975, NBC ran The Best of Carson reruns of The Tonight Show, in 1974, Johnny Carson announced that he wanted the weekend shows pulled and saved so that they could be aired during weeknights, allowing him to take time off. In 1974, NBC president Herbert Schlosser approached his vice president of late night programming, Dick Ebersol, at the suggestion of Paramount Pictures executive Barry Diller, Schlosser and Ebersol then approached Lorne Michaels. Over the next three weeks, Ebersol and Michaels developed the idea for a variety show featuring high-concept comedy sketches, political satire. By 1975 Michaels had assembled a talented cast, including Dan Aykroyd, John Belushi, Chevy Chase, Jane Curtin, Garrett Morris, Laraine Newman, Michael ODonoghue, Gilda Radner, and George Coe. The show was originally called NBCs Saturday Night, because Saturday Night Live was in use by Saturday Night Live with Howard Cosell on the rival network ABC, NBC purchased the rights to the name in 1976 and officially adopted the new title on March 26,1977. In 1975 and 1976, they were the most desirable demographic for television advertisers, NBC executives agreed with Michaels and decided to keep the show on the air despite many angry letters and phone calls that the network received from viewers who were offended by certain sketches. Chevy Chase left the show in November of the season and was replaced a few months later by the then-unknown comic actor Bill Murray. Aykroyd and Belushi left the show in 1979 after the end of season four, in May 1980, Michaels—emotionally and physically exhausted—requested to put the show on hiatus for a year to give him time and energy to pursue other projects
13.
Evanston, Illinois
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It is one of the North Shore communities that adjoin Lake Michigan and is the home of Northwestern University. The boundaries of the city of Evanston are coterminous with those of the former Evanston Township, prior to the 1830s, the area now occupied by Evanston was mainly uninhabited, consisting largely of wetlands and swampy forest. However, Potawatomi Indians used trails along higher lying ridges that ran in a general direction through the area. French explorers referred to the area as Grosse Pointe after a point of land jutting into Lake Michigan about 13 miles north of the mouth of the Chicago River. The area remained sparsely settled, supporting some farming and lumber activity on some of the higher ground. The 1850 census shows a few hundred settlers in this township, in 1851, a group of Methodist business leaders founded Northwestern University and Garrett Biblical Institute. They chose a bluffed and wooded site along the lake as Northwesterns home, purchasing several hundred acres of land from Dr. John Foster, a Chicago farm owner. In 1854, the founders of Northwestern submitted to the county judge their plans for a city to be named Evanston after John Evans, in 1857, the request was granted. The township of Evanston was split off from Ridgeville Township, at approximately the same time, the nine founders, including John Evans, Orrington Lunt, and Andrew Brown, hoped their university would attain high standards of intellectual excellence. Today these hopes have been fulfilled, as Northwestern consistently ranks with the best of the nations universities, Evanston was formally incorporated as a town on December 29,1863, but declined in 1869 to become a city despite the Illinois legislature passing a bill for that purpose. Evanston expanded after the Civil War with the annexation of the village of North Evanston, finally, in early 1892, following the annexation of the village of South Evanston, voters elected to organize as a city. The 1892 boundaries are largely those that exist today, during the 1960s, Northwestern University changed the citys shoreline by adding a 74-acre lakefill. In 1939, Evanston hosted the first NCAA basketball championship final at Northwestern Universitys Patten Gymnasium, in August 1954, Evanston hosted the second assembly of the World Council of Churches, still the only WCC assembly to have been held in the United States. President Dwight Eisenhower welcomed the delegates, and Dag Hammarskjöld, secretary-general of the United Nations, Evanston first received power in April 1893. Many people lined the streets on Emerson St. where the first appearance of lights were lined and turned on. Evanston is the birthplace of Tinkertoys, and Evanston, along with Ithaca, New York, Two Rivers, Wisconsin, Evanston was the home of the Clayton Mark and Company, which for many years supplied the most jobs. Evanston was a dry community from 1858 until 1972, when the City Council voted to allow restaurants, in 1984, the Council voted to allow retail liquor outlets within the city limits. According to the 2010 census, Evanston has an area of 7.802 square miles
14.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
15.
Toronto
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Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. With a population of 2,731,571, it is the fourth most populous city in North America after Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles. A global city, Toronto is a centre of business, finance, arts, and culture. Aboriginal peoples have inhabited the area now known as Toronto for thousands of years, the city itself is situated on the southern terminus of an ancient Aboriginal trail leading north to Lake Simcoe, used by the Wyandot, Iroquois, and the Mississauga. Permanent European settlement began in the 1790s, after the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase of 1787, the British established the town of York, and later designated it as the capital of Upper Canada. During the War of 1812, the town was the site of the Battle of York, York was renamed and incorporated as the city of Toronto in 1834, and became the capital of the province of Ontario during the Canadian Confederation in 1867. The city proper has since expanded past its original borders through amalgamation with surrounding municipalities at various times in its history to its current area of 630.2 km2. While the majority of Torontonians speak English as their primary language, Toronto is a prominent centre for music, theatre, motion picture production, and television production, and is home to the headquarters of Canadas major national broadcast networks and media outlets. Toronto is known for its skyscrapers and high-rise buildings, in particular the tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere. The name Toronto is likely derived from the Iroquois word tkaronto and this refers to the northern end of what is now Lake Simcoe, where the Huron had planted tree saplings to corral fish. A portage route from Lake Ontario to Lake Huron running through this point, in the 1660s, the Iroquois established two villages within what is today Toronto, Ganatsekwyagon on the banks of the Rouge River and Teiaiagonon the banks of the Humber River. By 1701, the Mississauga had displaced the Iroquois, who abandoned the Toronto area at the end of the Beaver Wars, French traders founded Fort Rouillé on the current Exhibition grounds in 1750, but abandoned it in 1759. During the American Revolutionary War, the region saw an influx of British settlers as United Empire Loyalists fled for the British-controlled lands north of Lake Ontario, the new province of Upper Canada was in the process of creation and needed a capital. Dorchester intended the location to be named Toronto, in 1793, Governor John Graves Simcoe established the town of York on the Toronto Purchase lands, instead naming it after Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany. Simcoe decided to move the Upper Canada capital from Newark to York, the York garrison was constructed at the entrance of the towns natural harbour, sheltered by a long sandbar peninsula. The towns settlement formed at the end of the harbour behind the peninsula, near the present-day intersection of Parliament Street. In 1813, as part of the War of 1812, the Battle of York ended in the towns capture, the surrender of the town was negotiated by John Strachan. US soldiers destroyed much of the garrison and set fire to the parliament buildings during their five-day occupation, the sacking of York was a primary motivation for the Burning of Washington by British troops later in the war
16.
Lacey Chabert
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Lacey Nicole Chabert is an American actress, voice actress and singer. She first gained prominence as an actress on television for her role as Claudia Salinger in the television drama Party of Five. In film she has appeared in Lost in Space, Not Another Teen Movie, Daddy Day Care and had leading roles as Gretchen Wieners in Mean Girls, Chabert has spoken publicly about her beliefs in the supernatural. Chabert has also appeared in eight Hallmark Channel movies, saying I love working for Hallmark, im proud of their movies and the message of their movies. Chabert was born in Purvis, Mississippi, to Julie and Tony Chabert and her father, a French-speaker from Louisiana, is of Cajun, Sicilian and English descent, he worked as a maintenance operations representative for an oil company. Her mother has English, Scottish, and remote Italian ancestry, Chabert has a younger brother, and two older sisters. She was Worlds Baby Petite in the Worlds Our Little Miss Scholarship Competition in 1985, in 1992 and 1993 she played Young Cosette in the Broadway production of Les Misérables. Chaberts first major role was as Claudia Salinger in Party of Five, Chabert made her debut to the big screen in the late 1990s starring as Penny Robinson in the fantasy-space thriller Lost in Space. Since then, she has been the voice of Eliza Thornberry in the animated series The Wild Thornberrys and she then had a supporting role in the parody film Not Another Teen Movie as Amanda Becker. She starred in Mean Girls and the television film Hello Sister and she appeared in a 2006 remake of Black Christmas. She appeared in an episode of Ghost Whisperer opposite former Party of Five costar Jennifer Love Hewitt and she performed the voice of Princess Elise from the game Sonic the Hedgehog for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. She also voiced Gwen Stacy in the animated series The Spectacular Spider-Man, Chabert, along with Lindsay Lohan, Rachel McAdams, and Amanda Seyfried, won the 2005 MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team for Mean Girls. The YoungStar awards honor the best film, TV and music performances made exclusively by six to eighteen-year-olds, in 2007, Chabert starred in the pilot episode of the Fox comedy The Hot Years, which revolved around the lives of four female friends who live together. The pilot was not ordered to series by Fox, Chabert was featured as cover girl of the January 2007 issue of Maxim, and again in November 2013. From 2013–2014, Chabert had a role on the ABC Family sitcom Baby Daddy as Dr. Amy Shaw. Chabert lives in Southern California, where she moved with her family in 1994 to begin work on Party of Five, Chabert married her longtime boyfriend, David Nehdar, on December 22,2013, in Los Angeles. On February 27,2016, she announced via Instagram that she, on September 1,2016, the couple welcomed their daughter, Julia Mimi Bella. Young Cosette The Broadway Kids Audio CD, the Broadway Kids Sing Broadway Lacey Chabert at the Internet Movie Database
17.
Lizzy Caplan
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Elizabeth Anne Lizzy Caplan is an American actress. Caplan also starred in television shows The Class, True Blood and her other film appearances include Hot Tub Time Machine,127 Hours, Save the Date, Bachelorette, The Interview, Now You See Me 2 and Allied. She also appeared in the Marvel Cinematic Universe short film Item 47, elizabeth Anne Caplan was born on June 30,1982 in Los Angeles, California, and grew up in its Miracle Mile district. Her father, Richard Caplan, was a lawyer, and her mother and she is the youngest of three children with a brother, Benjamin and a sister, Julie. Her mother died of illness when she was 13 years old and her uncle is publicist Howard Bragman. Caplan attended Alexander Hamilton High School, and was a student at the schools Academy of Music and she first focused on playing the piano, then later decided to pursue drama. She was also on her schools soccer team and she graduated in 2000, but did not attend college because it was time consuming and she wanted to focus on acting. Caplan began her career in 1999, first playing a girl named Sara in the critically acclaimed series Freaks and Geeks. Due to her performance, her character became the girlfriend of Jason Segels character and she then had a series of guest appearances on numerous shows, and appeared in Jason Mrazs music video You and I Both. In 2000 she appeared in her first film From Where I Sit which was released straight to television, in 2001, she played Tina Greer in an episode of Smallville, and reprised her role on the show in 2003. She appeared in two episodes of the ABC series Once and Again, in 2003, she starred in the television series The Pitts, playing Faith Pitt. She gained wider notice for playing Janis Ian in the 2004 film Mean Girls and she played Avery Bishop in the second season of Tru Calling. In 2005, Caplan played troubled sister Marjee Sorelli in Related, in 2006, she starred as Sara Weller in the thriller film Love is the Drug and was named one of 10 Actors to Watch by Variety. After Related ended, Caplan was cast in the CBS sitcom The Class and she played Kat Warbler, one of several elementary school friends that reunite after 20 years. In 2008, Caplan played Marlena Diamond in the film Cloverfield and was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress and she also appeared as Ami in the romantic comedy My Best Friends Girl. Later that year, she guest starred as Amy Burley on the HBO vampire show True Blood and she is the voice of Faith Pitt in the animated version of The Pitts, which premiered in 2009. She also appeared in the critically acclaimed Starz ensemble comedy Party Down, in 2010, she appeared in 127 Hours. In early 2012, Caplan premiered two films at the Sundance Film Festival, Save the Date and Bachelorette, also in 2012, she appeared as Julia in several episodes of the Fox sitcom New Girl
18.
Daniel Franzese
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Daniel Franzese is an American actor, writer, director, comedian and activist best known for his roles in director Larry Clark’s Bully and as Damien in Tina Feys 2004 feature film Mean Girls. In 2015 he became an ambassador for the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation, Franzese was born in Bensonhurst, New York, the son of Denise, a lunch lady, and Ralph R. J. Franzese, a lounge singer. Franzese attended Piper High School in Sunrise, Florida from 1992 to 1996 and his mother was a lunch lady at the school. Daniel Franzese has appeared in feature films including Bully, Party Monster, Mean Girls, Bristol Boys. He has also guest starred on television series including The Comeback, CSI, Crime Scene Investigation, Burn Notice, Party Down. In 2015 he was cast as Eddie in the HBO series Looking, in 2016 and early 2017, he portrayed Jackson Morrison in ABC’s legal drama Conviction. Which also premiered in New York at The Fringe Festival before its run in Los Angeles at the Hayworth Theatre, Franzese is also an emerging stand-up comedian, and has performed on stages across America at clubs like Stand Up Live in Phoenix and the Comedy Store in Hollywood. Daniel has been a guest panelist on the Logo TV comedy game show Gay For Play Starring RuPaul and was the host of Gay Skit Happens, a comedy sketch show also Logo TV. On October 12,2007, Franzese curated his first art show called Halloween, a multi-artist show which examined celebrity, vanity, money and the day we get to dress up and ask strangers for goodies. On April 25,2008, at the World of Wonder Storefront Gallery in Los Angeles, California, the show featured art inspired by stars that died before their time. Artists included Ron English, Keyth Ryden, and Jessicka, franzeses show, Crusaders and Haters, at Royal/T gallery showcased an assortment of work from artists from all over the world, depicting superheroes and villains in pop culture. The show opened July 17,2009, when he became an official ambassador for the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation, organization’s like GLAAD invited Franzese to host their 2015 gala in San Francisco. He also presented the GLAAD playbook on HIV and AIDS to MSNBC on behalf of the organization and his reputation as an activist grew after he was awarded the role of Eddie in the HBO series Looking. At special events, through media appearances and a speeches at college campuses, Daniel, who is also an ambassador for LAMBDA Legal, is committed to decreasing the stigma associated to people with AIDS, and is working to change current HIV related laws. In 2016 Daniel proposed to his boyfriend of two years, stylist Joseph Bradley Phillips, at a North Hollywood, California Starbucks. The proposal became a top story for media outlets around the world including CNN, Entertainment Tonight. Daniel Franzese at the Internet Movie Database
19.
Amanda Seyfried
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Amanda Michelle Seyfried is an American actress and singer-songwriter. She began her career as a model when she was 11, then her career at 15 with recurring parts on the soap operas As the World Turns. In 2004, Seyfried made her debut in the teen comedy Mean Girls. Her subsequent supporting roles were in independent films, such as the drama Nine Lives and she also had a recurring role on the UPN television series Veronica Mars. Between 2006 and 2011, Seyfried starred on the HBO drama series Big Love, Seyfried was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania, on December 3,1985. Her mother, Ann, is an occupational therapist, and her father and she is of mostly German descent, with smaller amounts of English, Scots-Irish, and Welsh ancestry. Seyfried graduated from Allentowns William Allen High School in 2003 and she has an older sister, Jennifer Seyfried, a musician in the Philadelphia organ-driven rock band Love City. During Seyfrieds time modeling, she appeared in print ads for clothing companies including Limited Too with Leighton Meester and she stopped modeling when she was 17, and worked as a waitress in a retirement community. Seyfried took voice lessons, studied opera, and trained with a Broadway coach while still a teen and she began acting as an extra in the daytime drama television series Guiding Light. From 2000 to 2001, she portrayed the recurring character Lucy Montgomery on the CBS soap opera As the World Turns and she played Joni Stafford on the ABC soap All My Children from 2002 to 2003. In 2003, Seyfried auditioned to play the role of Regina George in Mean Girls, the film was a box office success, earning over US$129 million in its theatrical run. Seyfrieds performance in the film earned her, along with Lohan, Lacey Chabert, and McAdams, Seyfried auditioned to play the title character on UPNs television series Veronica Mars. The role eventually went to Kristen Bell, and Seyfried portrayed Veronicas murdered best friend and her character was only shown in flashbacks. The shows creator, Rob Thomas, felt that Seyfrieds portrayal as Lilly Kane was so outstanding that he used her more times in the show than he initially planned in the first season, Seyfried appeared in 10 episodes from 2004 to 2005. For her performance, Seyfried, along with the other female leads, won an award from the Locarno International Film Festival. The same year she played supporting character, Mouse, in the independent film American Gun, in 2006, Seyfried appeared in five episodes of Wildfire as Rebecca and had a lead role as Chrissy in the short film Gypsies, Tramps & Thieves, by writer-director Andrea Janakas. Seyfried also contributed a minor role as Julie Beckley in Alpha Dog. From 2004 to 2006 Seyfried made multiple guest appearances on series, including House, M. D. Justice, Law & Order, Special Victims Unit, American Dad. and CSI
20.
Freaky Friday (2003 film)
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Freaky Friday is a 2003 American fantasy-comedy, teen film remake directed by Mark Waters and written by Heather Hach and Leslie Dixon, based on the novel of the same name by Mary Rodgers. It stars Lindsay Lohan and Jamie Lee Curtis as a daughter and mother whose bodies are switched due to a fortune cookie. It also stars Mark Harmon, Harold Gould, and Chad Michael Murray, the film was released in theaters on August 6,2003 by Walt Disney Pictures and Buena Vista Pictures. It received generally positive reviews critics and it earned over $160 million on a $20 million budget. It was Disneys second remake of the 1976 film of the same name starring Barbara Harris and it was released on VHS and DVD on December 16,2003 by Walt Disney Home Video. Anna Coleman is a 15-year old average teenager with a life due to her stodgy widowed mother, Tess. Elton Bates, who gives her an F on everything she does no matter how hard she tries, Tess also disapproves of Annas crush, Jake, an older student. The Colemans eat out at Pei-Peis Chinese restaurant, where Anna begs Tess to let her go on an important audition with her band, however, Tess refuses since the show is on the same Friday as the rehearsal dinner. They begin arguing again until Pei-Peis mother interrupts to give them fortune cookies, which contain a body switching spell, causing an earthquake only they felt. At school, Tess finds that Anna is not only right about Stacey when she assaults her and she soon recognizes him as a former classmate who asked her out to the prom, but she turned him down, and he is now taking it out on Anna. She threatens to report him to the board unless he stops abusing Anna. Before Anna goes to Tess office, she gives Tess body a makeover, at lunchtime, they go back to the restaurant to confront Pei-Pei and her mother, but she explains that only showing selfless love to one another will break the spell. In the afternoon, Anna attends Harrys parent-teacher conference, where she reads a composition about how much he admires her. She sees him in a different light and vows to treat him nicer, meanwhile, Tess attempts to make amends with Stacey but she frames her for cheating. Jake helps her finish the test, which makes her realize that she has misjudged him, unfortunately, he is no longer enamored with Anna after Tess sabotages Staceys test. Meanwhile, Ryan surprises Anna with an interview on a show to discuss Tess new psychology book. However, she turns the interview into a wild romp to cover the fact she hasnt read the book, Tess and Jake catch it on TV and while she is embarrassed, he is impressed. Later, Anna bumps into him at a shop and they bond over their favorite music
21.
Mean Girls 2
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Mean Girls 2 is a 2011 American teen comedy television film directed by Melanie Mayron. It is a sequel to the 2004 film Mean Girls. The film premiered on ABC Family on January 23,2011, the film stars Meaghan Martin, Jennifer Stone, Maiara Walsh, Nicole Gale Anderson, Claire Holt and Diego Boneta. Tim Meadows reprises his role as Principal Ron Duvall from the original film, Jo Mitchell is an 18-year-old high school senior from Ohio. Jo also meets Abby Hanover, whom Mandi perceives to be a rival, Jo develops an attraction to Tyler Adams. Despite Jos attempts to avoid the Plastics, conflict develops between them and Abby, Jos father is a mechanic who rebuilds engines for NASCAR. As a result, she becomes quite a good mechanic herself and ends up taking an advanced class at school. Her principal means of transportation is a Vespa motor scooter, Jos dream is to attend Carnegie Mellon University, the alma mater of her late mother. When Jo meets Abbys father, a successful entrepreneur, he offers to pay Jos college tuition in exchange for remaining good friends with Abby. Jo accepts, motivated by her desire to attend university, Jo, Tyler, and Abby become close friends. Jo also learns that Tyler is Mandis stepbrother, Mandi also escalates her war of pranks, including using artificial sweetener and coffee to ruin an engine Jos father is rebuilding. Jo, Abby and another outcast girl, school newspaper reporter Quinn and they enact a series of pranks against Chastity and Hope. Jo runs against Mandi for Homecoming Court and their campaign threatens Tyler, Jo tries to give back the money Sidney Hanover gave her for her friendship with Abby, Mandi overhears and uses this information against her. This leads to Tyler and Abby and the rest of her friends leaving her alone, Mandi and her boyfriend Nick steal the homecoming court charity money, which is to be donated to an animal research group. Mandi leaves a note saying the money is in Jos shed. The money is found in there, thanks to an unwitting betrayal by Quinn, Jo is expelled but not before she finds Mandi and challenges her to a game of flag football. Mandi at first refuses until she realizes that she needs to win to remain popular so reluctantly agrees, Tyler and the other Anti-Plastics try to help Jo and prove her innocence with the help of Elliott, a computer hacker. At the schools Homecoming Dance, Abby and Elliott are elected as king and queen and Jo, even though Mandi and Nick both got community service and were allowed to graduate, they lost their popularity for their actions, earning Mandi a bad reputation
22.
Homeschooling
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Homeschooling, also known as home education, is the education of children inside the home. Home education is conducted by a parent or tutor. Many families that start out with a formal structure at home often switch to less formal ways of imparting education outside of school. Homeschooling is the commonly used in North America, whereas home education is more commonly used in the United Kingdom, elsewhere in Europe. Before the introduction of school attendance laws, most childhood education was imparted by the family or community. In several countries homeschooling, in the sense, is considered to be an alternative to attending public or private schools and is a legal option for parents. In other nations, homeschooling is considered illegal or restricted to conditions, as noted in the Homeschooling international status. According to the US National Household Education Surveys, about three percent of all children in the US were homeschooled in the 2011 and 2012 school year, and as of 2016, there are about 2.3 million home-schooled students in the United States. The studies found that of children,83 percent were White,5 percent were Black,7 percent were Hispanic. For much of history and in cultures, enlisting professional teachers was an option available only to the elite social classes. Thus, until recently, the vast majority of people, especially during early childhood, were educated by family members, family friends. The earliest public schools in modern Western culture were established in the early 16th century in the German states of Gotha and Thuringia. However, even in the 18th century, the majority of people in Europe lacked formal schooling, meaning they were homeschooled, tutored, in the middle colonies, the educational situation varied when comparing New York with New England until the 1850s. Formal schooling in a classroom setting has been the most common means of schooling throughout the world, especially in developed countries, since the early-, native Americans, who traditionally used homeschooling and apprenticeship, vigorously resisted compulsory education in the United States. Rushdoony was frequently called as a witness by the Home School Legal Defense Association in court cases. During this time, American educational professionals Raymond and Dorothy Moore began to research the academic validity of the rapidly growing Early Childhood Education movement. This research included independent studies by researchers and a review of over 8,000 studies bearing on early childhood education. They asserted that formal schooling before ages 8–12 not only lacked the anticipated effectiveness, the Moores published their view that formal schooling was damaging young children academically, socially, mentally, and even physiologically
23.
Africa
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Africa is the worlds second-largest and second-most-populous continent. At about 30.3 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earths total surface area and 20.4 % of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the human population. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos and it contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states, nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. Africas population is the youngest amongst all the continents, the age in 2012 was 19.7. Algeria is Africas largest country by area, and Nigeria by population, afarensis, Homo erectus, H. habilis and H. ergaster – with the earliest Homo sapiens found in Ethiopia being dated to circa 200,000 years ago. Africa straddles the equator and encompasses numerous climate areas, it is the continent to stretch from the northern temperate to southern temperate zones. Africa hosts a diversity of ethnicities, cultures and languages. In the late 19th century European countries colonized most of Africa, Africa also varies greatly with regard to environments, economics, historical ties and government systems. However, most present states in Africa originate from a process of decolonization in the 20th century, afri was a Latin name used to refer to the inhabitants of Africa, which in its widest sense referred to all lands south of the Mediterranean. This name seems to have referred to a native Libyan tribe. The name is connected with Hebrew or Phoenician ʿafar dust. The same word may be found in the name of the Banu Ifran from Algeria and Tripolitania, under Roman rule, Carthage became the capital of the province of Africa Proconsularis, which also included the coastal part of modern Libya. The Latin suffix -ica can sometimes be used to denote a land, the later Muslim kingdom of Ifriqiya, modern-day Tunisia, also preserved a form of the name. According to the Romans, Africa lay to the west of Egypt, while Asia was used to refer to Anatolia, as Europeans came to understand the real extent of the continent, the idea of Africa expanded with their knowledge. 25,4, whose descendants, he claimed, had invaded Libya, isidore of Seville in Etymologiae XIV.5.2. Suggests Africa comes from the Latin aprica, meaning sunny, massey, in 1881, stated that Africa is derived from the Egyptian af-rui-ka, meaning to turn toward the opening of the Ka. The Ka is the double of every person and the opening of the Ka refers to a womb or birthplace
24.
Illinois
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Illinois is a state in the midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1818. It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, the word Illinois comes from a French rendering of a native Algonquin word. For decades, OHare International Airport has been ranked as one of the worlds busiest airports, Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics. With the War of 1812 Illinois growth slowed as both Native Americans and Canadian forces often raided the American Frontier, mineral finds and timber stands also had spurred immigration—by the 1810s, the Eastern U. S. Railroads arose and matured in the 1840s, and soon carried immigrants to new homes in Illinois, as well as being a resource to ship their commodity crops out to markets. Railroads freed most of the land of Illinois and other states from the tyranny of water transport. By 1900, the growth of jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted a new group of immigrants. Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars, the Great Migration from the South established a large community of African Americans in Chicago, who created the citys famous jazz and blues cultures. Three U. S. presidents have been elected while living in Illinois, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, additionally, Ronald Reagan, whose political career was based in California, was the only U. S. president born and raised in Illinois. Today, Illinois honors Lincoln with its official slogan, Land of Lincoln. The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is located in the capital of Springfield. Illinois is the spelling for the early French Catholic missionaries and explorers name for the Illinois Native Americans. American scholars previously thought the name Illinois meant man or men in the Miami-Illinois language and this etymology is not supported by the Illinois language, as the word for man is ireniwa and plural men is ireniwaki. The name Illiniwek has also said to mean tribe of superior men. The name Illinois derives from the Miami-Illinois verb irenwe·wa he speaks the regular way and this was taken into the Ojibwe language, perhaps in the Ottawa dialect, and modified into ilinwe·. The French borrowed these forms, changing the ending to spell it as -ois. The current spelling form, Illinois, began to appear in the early 1670s, the Illinois name for themselves, as attested in all three of the French missionary-period dictionaries of Illinois, was Inoka, of unknown meaning and unrelated to the other terms. American Indians of successive cultures lived along the waterways of the Illinois area for thousands of years before the arrival of Europeans, the Koster Site has been excavated and demonstrates 7,000 years of continuous habitation
25.
Airhead (subculture)
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Airhead dates back to the late 1980s as a derogatory term for a stupid or unaware person, usually female but sometimes male. Basic bitch originated in hip-hop culture and rose in popularity through rap music, songs, blogs, interpretations of the term vary and its use has been criticized for being an overly vague and a misogynistic insult. Their male counterparts are usually termed basic bros or urban preps, before the 1980s, airhead was general American slang for a ditzy, clumsy or stupid person. Rich girls who dressed this way were known as Queen Bees and their followers were known as plastics, members of this clique believed their designer clothing, as a manifestation of conspicuous consumption, was key to being popular. The term basic bitch was coined in 2009 by comedian Lil Duval, over the next two years, it appeared in several American rap songs. In 2011, rapper Kreayshawn debuted her song Gucci Gucci, which included the chorus, Gucci Gucci, Louis Louis, Fendi Fendi, basic bitches wear that shit so I dont even bother. In 2014 CollegeHumor released a video of a wife being diagnosed by a doctor as a basic bitch. Other clothings formerly fashionable in the 1990s, such as polo shirts with popped collars, have out of style. Referring to an object or a person as basic has a variety of connotations, decrying the basic bitchs love of bland, boring products like Ugg boots and Starbucks pumpkin spice lattes is a rhetorical technique that allows the singer to appear cooler by comparison. Rapper Kreayshawn describes a basic bitch as, A basic bitch is just someone who likes whats typical to like, the radio puts stuff on the radio that they think is typical and you should like it, and thats something a basic bitch would like. She likes those normal brands and wears all the time because thats some basic shit. Since the 1980s, the airhead or popular clique have often been cast as the antagonists in high school and teen movies. Examples include Valley Girl, The Clique, Heathers, Girl Fight, A Cinderella Story, Odd Girl Out, Frenemies, Pretty in Pink, Mean Girls, himbo Normcore Essex girl Queen bee Bimbette Trixie Valley girl
26.
Candy bar
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A candy bar is a type of sugar confectionery that is in the shape of a bar. Many varieties of candy bars exist, and many are mass-produced, a candy bar frequently, though not necessarily always, includes chocolate. A combination candy bar is one that contains chocolate plus other ingredients, the Goo Goo Cluster was the first mass-produced combination bar. Between World War I and the middle of the 20th century, the earliest recorded candy bar was made in 1847 by Joseph Fry, a Quaker from Bristol, England. During much of the century, British Quakers could not join the military or attend Anglican universities. Chocolate manufacturing expanded in England through the rest of the century, led by such as Yorks Joseph Rowntree and Joseph Terry. Candy bars were made from only cocoa powder and sugar. During the latter part of the century, confectioners began to experiment with other ingredients. Swiss confectioner, Henry Nestle, added milk to his recipe to reduce the bitterness of the cocoa. Rodolphe Lindt, a Swiss confectioner and inventor, began adding cocoa butter as an ingredient in 1879, the addition of cocoa butter allowed the chocolate bar to keep its shape and melt in the mouth. In the United States, immigrants who arrived with candy-making skills drove the development of new candy bars, milton S. Hershey, a Pennsylvania caramel maker, saw a German-manufactured chocolate-making machinery at the 1893 Chicago Worlds Fair. He immediately ordered one for his Lancaster factory and produced the first American-made milk chocolate bar, the chocolate bar became popular during World War I, when the U. S. Army commissioned a number of American chocolate makers to produce 40 pounds blocks of chocolate. These were shipped to Army quartermaster bases and distributed to the troops stationed throughout Europe, when the soldiers returned home, they demanded chocolate, and the future of the candy bar was assured. The first combination bar, marketed primarily in the South, was the Goo Goo Cluster, produced by the Standard Candy Company of Nashville and it was made of caramel, marshmallow, and peanuts, covered with milk chocolate. The Clark Bar, roasted peanuts covered with chocolate, became the first nationally-marketed combination bar in the U. S. George Williamson of Williamson Candy Co. named the Oh Henry. After an electrician who visited his store and flirted with the female candy makers, Williamson launched an advertising campaign that included newspaper ads, streetcar signs, and billboards, and the Oh Henry. Bar became one of the brands in the U. S. in the 1920s. In 1926, the published an book,60 New Ways to Serve a Famous Candy, that included recipes for salads, side dishes
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Northwestern University
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Composed of twelve schools and colleges, Northwestern offers 124 undergraduate degrees and 145 graduate and professional degrees. Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans, for whom the City of Evanston is named and its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that today includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Instruction began in 1855, women were admitted in 1869, today, the main campus is a 240-acre parcel in Evanston, along the shores of Lake Michigan 12 miles north of downtown Chicago. The universitys law, medical, and professional schools are located on a 25-acre campus in Chicagos Streeterville neighborhood, in 2008, the university opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar with programs in journalism and communication. In 2016, Northwestern opened its San Francisco space at 44 Montgomery St. which hosts journalism, engineering, Northwestern is a large research university with a comprehensive doctoral program and it attracts over $650 million in sponsored research each year. Northwestern has the tenth largest university endowment in the United States, in 2017, the university accepted 9. 0% of undergraduate applicants from a pool of 37,255. Northwestern is a member of the Big Ten Conference and remains the only private university in the conference. The Northwestern Wildcats compete in 19 intercollegiate sports in the NCAAs Division I Big Ten Conference, on January 28,1851, the Illinois General Assembly granted a charter to the Trustees of the North-Western University, making it the first chartered university in Illinois. The schools nine founders, all of whom were Methodists, knelt in prayer, John Evans, for whom Evanston is named, bought 379 acres of land along Lake Michigan in 1853, and Philo Judson developed plans for what would become the city of Evanston, Illinois. The first building, Old College, opened on November 5,1855, to raise funds for its construction, Northwestern sold $100 perpetual scholarships entitling the purchaser and his heirs to free tuition. Willard Residential College is named in her honor, Northwestern admitted its first women students in 1869, and the first woman was graduated in 1874. Northwestern fielded its first intercollegiate football team in 1882, later becoming a member of the Big Ten Conference. In the 1870s and 1880s, Northwestern affiliated itself with already existing schools of law, medicine, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law is the oldest law school in Chicago. The Association of American Universities invited Northwestern to become a member in 1917, in 1933, a proposal to merge Northwestern with the University of Chicago was considered but rejected. Northwestern was also one of the first six universities in the country to establish a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps in the 1920s, after the golden years of the 1920s, the Great Depression in the United States hit Northwestern hard. Its annual income dropped 25 percent from $4.8 million in 1930-31 to $3.6 million in 1933-34. Investment income shrank, fewer parents could pay full tuition, and annual giving from alumni, the university responded with two salary cuts of 10 percent each for all employees. It imposed a freeze, a building freeze, and slashed appropriations for maintenance, books
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Neil Flynn
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Neil Richard Flynn is an American actor and comedian, known for his role as Janitor on the NBC/ABC medical comedy-drama Scrubs. He currently portrays Mike Heck on the ABC sitcom The Middle, in many of his acting roles, he has portrayed a police officer. Flynn was born on the side of Chicago. He is of Irish descent and was raised Roman Catholic and he moved to Waukegan, Illinois, at an early age. As a student at Waukegan East High School in 1978, he and he attended Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois, where he was a member of Sigma Nu fraternity and participated on the Bradley University Speech Team. After graduating in 1982, Flynn returned to Chicago to pursue an acting career, in Chicago, he acted with the renowned Goodman and Steppenwolf theaters. Flynn was nominated for a Joseph Jefferson Award and he also performed at the Improv Olympic and the Second City Comedy Troupe. This role was used in a subplot of the Scrubs episode My Friend the Doctor when J. D. notices Flynns character in the film, and believes that Flynns Janitor character is the actor in the film. In 2008, he worked with Harrison Ford again, playing a law enforcement official as FBI agent Smith in Indiana Jones. Flynn had a role in Mean Girls as the father of Lindsay Lohans character. He had a role in Major League as a longshoreman and fan of the Cleveland Indians. Flynn had a role on Phil Hendries animated pilot that was not picked up by FOX and he was also the first baseman in the movie Rookie of the Year. Flynn once appeared in an episode of The Drew Carey Show and he appeared on an episode of Seinfeld, playing a police officer. For Scrubs, Flynn auditioned for the role of Dr. Cox, but was given the role of Janitor, instead. Flynn was originally only cast for the first episode, but he became a regular, playing a character only as the Janitor. His name is not revealed in the series until the Season 8 finale when, upon J. D. s first time asking about it, he simply says his name is Glenn Matthews. When the Janitor confirms he was in the movie at the end of the episode, Flynn was a series regular with Scrubs through the first eight seasons. The Middle was picked up, although he did guest star in the Season 9 premiere of Scrubs, Flynn plays Heck family patriarch Mike Heck on the ABC show, The Middle
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Diego Klattenhoff
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Diego Klattenhoff is a Canadian actor best known for playing Mike Faber in the Showtime series Homeland. He has also appeared as Derek in Whistler and Ivan in Men in Trees, Klattenhoff was born in French River, Nova Scotia. He moved to Toronto at the age of 19 to pursue an acting career, for a number of years, he worked as a bartender while studying in theater workshops. Klattenhoff studied with some of Canadas most respected acting coaches, including David Rotenberg, Bruce Clayton and his first notable acting role was in Mean Girls. He followed that with a string of appearances in notable TV shows like Smallville and Stargate SG-1, and films like Lucky Number Slevin. Since 2006, he has been in recurring roles like Young Jacob in CBC Televisions At the Hotel, Derek in CTVs Whistler, Ivan Palacinke in ABCs Men in Trees and Mike Callahan in NBCs Mercy. Klattenhoff appeared in Homeland as Mike Faber, a Marine major whose best friend returns to the U. S. after disappearing in Iraq eight years earlier. He and the cast were nominated once for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Cast and he has also guest starred on television series such as Psych, Supernatural,24, and Falling Skies. Klattenhoff starred in J. J. Abrams television film Anatomy of Hope and appeared in the Guillermo del Toro film Pacific Rim, in March 2013, Klattenhoff joined the cast of the NBC thriller The Blacklist, as FBI Field Agent Donald Ressler. The show premiered on September 23,2013 to 12.6 million viewers, Klattenhoff enjoys various physical activities in his free time, including baseball, golf, hockey and swimming. He lives in Los Angeles with his wife and their son, pictou Countys Diego Klattenhoff Stars in Homeland, One of TVs Hottest Shows. Diego Klattenhoff at the Internet Movie Database
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Janis Ian
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Born in 1951 in New York, Ian entered the American folk music scene while still a teenager in the mid-1960s. Most active musically in that decade and the 1970s, she has continued recording into the 21st century, Ian is also a columnist and science fiction author. Her parents, Victor, a teacher, and Pearl ran a summer camp in upstate New York. As a child, Ian admired the work of pioneers such as Joan Baez. Starting with piano lessons at the age of two, Ian, by the time she entered her teens, was playing the organ, harmonica, French horn and guitar. At the age of 12, she wrote her first song, Hair of Spun Gold, in 1964, she legally changed her name to Janis Ian, taking her brother Erics middle name as her new surname. At the age of 14, Ian wrote and recorded her first hit single, Societys Child, about an interracial romance forbidden by a girls mother, the songs theme of interracial relationships was considered taboo by some radio stations, who withdrew or banned it from their playlists accordingly. In her 2008 autobiography Societys Child, Ian recalls receiving hate mail and death threats as a response to the song and mentions that a radio station in Atlanta that played it was burned down. In the summer of 1967, Societys Child reached #14 on the Billboard Hot 100, the single having sold 600,000 copies, at age 16, Ian met comedian Bill Cosby backstage at a Smothers Brothers show where she was promoting Societys Child. Since Ian was underage, she needed to be accompanied by a chaperon while touring and after her set, she had been sleeping with her head on her chaperons lap. Although Ian would later come out as lesbian, she states that at the time of the encounter with Cosby she had only been kissed once, Ian relates that years later, Atlantics president at the time, Jerry Wexler, publicly apologized to her for this. The single and Ians 1967 eponymous debut album were released on Verve Forecast. In 2001, Societys Child was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame and her early music was compiled on a double CD entitled Societys Child, The Verve Recordings in 1995. Societys Child stigmatized Ian as a one-hit wonder until her most successful US single, at Seventeen is a bittersweet commentary on adolescent cruelty, the illusion of popularity and teenage angst, as reflected upon from the perspective of a 24-year-old. Ian appeared as a musical guest on the premiere of Saturday Night Live on October 11,1975, performing At Seventeen. The album, Between the Lines, was also a smash, the album would be certified platinum for sales of over one million copies sold in the US. Another measure of her success is anecdotal, on Valentines Day 1977, Ian received 461 valentine cards, having indicated in the lyrics to At Seventeen that she never received one as a teenager. Fly Too High, produced by disco producer Giorgio Moroder, was Ians contribution to the soundtrack of the Jodie Foster film Foxes and was featured on Ians 1979 album Night Rains
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Saturday Night Live (season 1)
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The first season of Saturday Night Live, an American sketch comedy series, originally aired in the United States on NBC between October 11,1975, and July 31,1976. Given Carsons undisputed status as the king of late-night television, NBC heard his request as an ultimatum, fearing he might use the issue as grounds to defect to either ABC or CBS. To fill the gap, the network drew up some ideas, ebersols first order of business was hiring a young Canadian producer named Lorne Michaels to be the show-runner. After ABC cancelled the Cosell program in 1976, the NBC program changed its name to Saturday Night Live on March 26,1977, every night, Don Pardo introduced the cast, a job hed hold for 39 years until his death in 2014. Rather than have one permanent host, Michaels elected to have a different guest host each week, the first episode featured two musical guests, and the second episode, hosted by Paul Simon on October 18, was almost entirely a musical variety show with various acts. The Not Ready For Prime Time Players did not appear in this episode at all, other than as the bees with Simon telling them they were cancelled, and Chevy Chase in the opening and in Weekend Update. Over the course of Season 1, sketch comedy would begin to dominate the show, andy Kaufman made several appearances that were popular with the audience over the season, while The Muppets Land of Gorch bits were regarded as a poor fit with the rest of the show. The Land Of Gorch sketches were essentially cancelled after episode 10, after one final appearance at the start of season two, the Muppet characters were permanently dropped from SNL. During the season, Michaels appeared on-camera twice, on April 24 and May 22, in the first appearance, he offered a certified check of $3000. In the second appearance, he increased his offer to $3,200, the first cast member hired was Gilda Radner. The rest of the cast included fellow Second City alumni Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi, as well as National Lampoon Lemmings alumnus Chevy Chase, Jane Curtin, Laraine Newman, and Garrett Morris. The original head writer was Michael ODonoghue, a writer at National Lampoon who had worked alongside several cast members while directing The National Lampoon Radio Hour. The original theme music was written by future Academy Award–winning composer Howard Shore, Paul Shaffer, who would go on to lead David Lettermans band on Late Night and then The Late Show, was also band leader in the early years. George Coe was hired because NBC wanted to have a person in the cast. Much of the talent pool involved in the season was recruited from the National Lampoon Radio Hour. This would be the season for Coe and ODonoghue as official cast members. While Coe was only billed in the premiere, he was seen in small roles through the season before leaving the show altogether. ODonoghue was credited through the Candice Bergen episode and would continue to work for the show as a writer, as well as a featured performer
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At Seventeen
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At Seventeen is a song by Janis Ian, released in 1975 on Between the Lines and as a single. It is told from the point of view of a woman who was an ugly duckling as a girl, Janis Ian, then 22, wrote At Seventeen in 1973 at her mothers house over the course of three months. She also says she initially did not want to record or perform the song because she felt it was far too personal to share, promoting the song was challenging, as it was longer than most radio hits and packed with lyrics. Ian did a series of daytime talk shows for six months before she was granted an appearance on The Tonight Show where she performed the song. At Seventeen, released as the single from Between the Lines. The single version omitted the longer instrumental verse and chorus because it was considered too long and it peaked at #1 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart and at #3 on the Pop Singles chart in September 1975. Billboard ranked it as the No.19 song for 1975, Ian performed At Seventeen as a musical guest on the very first episode of Saturday Night Live in October 1975. She also performed the song on The Old Grey Whistle Test in 1976, the songs parent album, Between the Lines, also hit #1 and earned a platinum certification for sales of one million copies. Another measure of her success is anecdotal — on Valentines Day 1977, Ian received 461 Valentine cards, at Seventeen is featured in the movie Scotland, Pa. and can also be heard playing in the background in one scene in the 2004 movie Mean Girls. The movie, which features a character named Janis Ian, addresses the topic of teenage cruelty, the song is featured in The Simpsons episodes A Streetcar Named Marge, El Viaje Misterioso de Nuestro Jomer, and Chief of Hearts. In the 30 Rock episode The Break-Up, Tina Feys character sings At Seventeen at a karaoke club, Hong Kong singer Rowena Cortes covered the song in her 1976 debut album Rowena Cortes. Canadian singer Tara MacLean covered the song on the soundtrack of the 1999 movie Teaching Mrs. Tingle, French Canadian Marie-Denise Pelletier coverered the French version 17 ans on album Survivre. Dutch singer Astrid Nijgh recorded a Dutch version of the song, titled Zeventien in 1976, david Sanborn recorded an instrumental version of the song in 1977. French singer Claude Francois recorded a French version of the song, taiwanese singer Chyi covered the song in her 1999 English album Cest La Vie. New Zealand singer Amber Claire released a cover of the song for her debut album Love and this single went to No.6 on the New Zealand charts in 2004. Irish singer Aoife Ní Fhearraigh covered the song on her album The Turning of the Tide, Canadian pop singer Jann Arden covered the song as the second single from her 2007 album Uncover Me. Finnish singer Virve Vicky Rosti recorded a version titled Kun nuori on in 1975 with Finnish lyrics by Juha Junnu Vainio, Danish singer songwriter Pia Raug recorded a Danish language version of the song, titled Seksten år, on her 1978 album Hej lille drøm. She wrote the Danish language lyrics herself, german musician, DJ and producer Justus Köhncke covered the song in his 1999 debut album Spiralen Der Erinnerung
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The Notebook
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The Notebook is a 2004 American romantic drama film directed by Nick Cassavetes and based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Nicholas Sparks. The film stars Ryan Gosling and Rachel McAdams as a couple who fall in love in the 1940s. Their story is narrated from the present day by a man telling the tale to a fellow nursing home resident. The Notebook received mixed reviews but performed well at the box office and received award nominations, winning eight Teen Choice Awards, a Satellite Award. The film became a hit and has gained a cult following. On November 11,2012, ABC Family premiered a version with deleted scenes added back into the original storyline. At a modern-day nursing home, an man, Duke. In 1940s Seabrook Island, South Carolina, Noah Calhoun is smitten with seventeen-year-old heiress Allie Hamilton after seeing her at a carnival, Noah takes Allie to an abandoned house that he intends to buy for them. They try to love, but are interrupted by Noahs friend Fin with the news that Allies parents have the police looking for her. When Allie and Noah return to her parents mansion, Allies mother Ann calls Noah trash, Noah walks out and Allie chases after him. The ensuing argument between the two ends in a break up and the morning, Ann announces that the family is returning home to Charleston. Allie attempts to contact Noah, but is unable to find him, when Noah gets the message he rushes to Allies home, only to find the house empty. Noah writes to Allie every day for a year but Allies mother intercepts the letters, Noah enlists with Fin to fight in World War II, where Fin is killed in battle. Allie volunteers in a hospital for wounded soldiers, where she meets officer Lon Hammond Jr. a young lawyer who comes from old Southern money, the two become engaged, to the delight of Allies parents. When Noah returns from the war, his father has sold their home so that Noah can buy the abandoned house. While visiting Charleston, Noah witnesses Allie and Lon kissing at a restaurant, he himself that if he restores the house. Allie is startled to read in the newspaper that Noah has completed the house to the specifications she made years before, Allie returns to Seabrook to find Noah living in the restored house. The two renew their relationship and make love, in the morning, Ann appears on Noahs doorstep, warning Allie that Lon has followed her to Seabrook
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Kelly Osbourne
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Kelly Lee Osbourne is a British singer-songwriter, actress, television presenter and fashion designer. She has also appeared on Dancing with the Stars, in which she and she is the voice of Hildy Gloom in the Disney XD animated series The 7D. She is also a judge on both Australias Got Talent and Project Runway Junior, Osbourne was born in Westminster, London. She has a sister, Aimee, and a younger brother. From Ozzys first marriage, she also has two half-siblings, Jessica Hobbs and Louis John Osbourne and she had an unofficially adopted brother, Robert Marcato, whom Sharon and Ozzy took in after Marcatos mother died. Kelly grew up travelling with her father as he went on tour, Osbourne and the rest of her family chose the vicissitudes of public life with the MTV reality show The Osbournes, which aired from 2002 to 2005. The series chronicled their day-to-day life, portraying a family in which metal music, profanity. Kelly, the child, emerged as a wickedly funny, brutally honest, pint-size. The series started when she was seventeen, and ended when she was twenty, in 2002, during the second season of The Osbournes, Kelly dated The Used lead singer Bert McCracken. The show was filmed in California, where the family has had their residence for several decades, stiletto Killers was a rock-inspired line of tees, knickers, hoodies and sweatpants designed by Osbourne and Barone, emblazoned with cartoonish designs and punk rock phrases. There was also a more sophisticated couture branch, the SK Collection, stiletto Killers closed in April 2006. Her debut album, Shut Up, was released by Epic Records in 2002 to moderate American sales, the lead single, a cover of Madonnas Papa Dont Preach, debuted with Houston rock band Pure Rubbish at the 2002 MTV Film Awards. The album, which debuted at No.1 on Billboards Heatseekers chart, was met with mixed reviews and, by May 2003. By autumn she was on the Sanctuary label, later recording a duet of Changes with her father, the duet hit No.1 on the UK charts and resulted in a reissue of Shut Up, titled Changes. Changes was one of a few tracks to have fallen down the charts whilst selling more copies than the week it reached number 1. Osbourne was the first artist to top all three of the Billboard charts dance surveys in the week with the Chris Cox Club Remix of One Word. Osbourne made her debut as an actress with a role on 7 October 2004 on the ABC high school teenage drama Life as We Know It. On 2 April 2004, Osbourne entered the Malibu rehab facility Promises after admitting to her family that she was addicted to painkillers
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Evan Rachel Wood
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Evan Rachel Wood is an American actress and musician. She began acting in the 1990s, appearing in television series, including American Gothic and Once. Wood continued acting mostly in independent films, including Pretty Persuasion, Down in the Valley, Running with Scissors, since 2008, Wood has appeared in more mainstream films, including The Wrestler, Whatever Works and The Ides of March. As of 2016, she plays the sentient android Dolores Abernathy in the HBO television series Westworld, for which she won a Critics Choice Award and her personal life, particularly her relationship with Marilyn Manson, to whom she was previously engaged, has attracted press attention. In 2012, she married English actor Jamie Bell, with whom she has one son and they separated in 2014 after two years of marriage. Wood was born in Raleigh, North Carolina and her mother, Sara Lynn Moore, is an actress, director, and acting coach, and has converted to Judaism. Woods brother, Ira David Wood IV, is also an actor and her paternal aunt, Carol Winstead Wood, was a Hollywood production designer. Woods parents separated in 1996, and later divorced, and Wood moved with her mother to her mothers native Los Angeles County, Wood briefly attended Cary Elementary, a public school in Cary, North Carolina. She was subsequently home-schooled and received her high school diploma at age 15, Wood began her career appearing in several made-for-television films from 1994 onward, also playing an occasional role in the television series American Gothic. After a one-season role on the television drama Profiler, Wood was cast in the role of Jessie Sammler on the television show Once. Woods first major role was in the low-budget 1998 film Digging to China. The film won the Childrens Jury Award at the Chicago International Childrens Film Festival, Wood remembers the role as initially being hard, but notes that it eventually led to her decision that acting is something she might never want to stop doing. She also had a role in Practical Magic, a film directed by Griffin Dunne, starring Sandra Bullock and Nicole Kidman. Wood made her debut as a leading film actress in 2002s Little Secrets, directed by Blair Treu. For that role, she was nominated for Best Leading Young Actress at the Young Artist Awards and that same year, Wood played a supporting role in the Andrew Niccol-directed science fiction satirical drama film, Simone, which starred Al Pacino. Woods breakthrough movie role followed with the 2003 film Thirteen and she played the role of Tracy Louise Freeland, one of two young teens who sink into a downward spiral of hard drugs, sex, and petty crime. Her performance was nominated for a Golden Globe Award as Best Actress - Drama, during the time of Thirteens release, Vanity Fair named Wood as one of the It Girls of Hollywood, and she appeared, along with the other actresses, on the magazines July 2003 cover. Her character also narrated the film, Woods next two starring roles were in dark independent films
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