1.
Order of Canada
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The Order of Canada is a Canadian national order, admission into which is the second highest honour for merit in the system of orders, decorations, and medals of Canada. It comes second only to membership in the Order of Merit, membership is accorded to those who exemplify the orders Latin motto, desiderantes meliorem patriam, meaning they desire a better country, a phrase taken from Hebrews 11,16. Appointees to the order are recommended by a board and formally inducted by the governor general or the sovereign. As of October 2016,6,699 people have been appointed to the Order of Canada, including scientists, musicians, politicians, artists, athletes, business people, and film stars, benefactors, and others. Some have resigned or have been removed from the order, while other appointments have been controversial, appointees are presented with insignia and receive the right to armorial bearings. Pearson, who was assisted with the establishment of the order by John Matheson. Laurent, Hugh MacLennan, David Bauer, Gabrielle Roy, Donald Creighton, Thérèse Casgrain, Wilder Penfield, Arthur Lismer, M. J. Coldwell, Edwin Baker, Alex Colville, and Maurice Richard. From the Order of Canada grew a Canadian honours system, thereby reducing the use of British honours, by the 1980s, Canadas provinces began to develop their own distinct honours and decorations. The Canadian monarch, seen as the fount of honour, is at the apex of the Order of Canada as its Sovereign, followed by the governor general, who serves as the fellowships Chancellor. Thereafter follow three grades, which are, in order of precedence, Companion, Officer, and Member, each incumbent governor general is also installed as the Principal Companion for the duration of his or her time in the viceregal post and continues as an extraordinary Companion thereafter. As of March 2016, there have twenty one honorary appointments. There were originally, in effect, only two ranks to the Order of Canada, Companion and the Medal of Service, there was, however, also a third award, the Medal of Courage, meant to recognize acts of gallantry. This latter decoration fell in rank between the two levels, but was anomalous within the Order of Canada, being a separate award of a different nature rather than a middle grade of the order. Lester Pearsons vision of a structure to the order was thus fulfilled. Companions of the Order of Canada have demonstrated the highest degree of merit to Canada and humanity, up to 15 Companions are appointed annually, with an imposed limit of 165 living Companions at any given time, not including those appointed as extraordinary Companions or in an honorary capacity. As of October 2015, there are 143 living Companions, none being honorary, since 1994, substantive members are the only regular citizens who are empowered to administer the Canadian Oath of Citizenship. As of October 2015, there were 1,123 living Officers, Members of the Order of Canada have made an exceptional contribution to Canada or Canadians at a local or regional level, group, field or activity. As many as 136 Members may be appointed annually, not including extraordinary Members and those inducted on an honorary basis, as of October 2015, there were 2,225 living Members, none being honorary
2.
Edmonton
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Edmonton /ˈɛdməntən/ is the capital city of the Canadian province of Alberta. Edmonton is on the North Saskatchewan River and is the centre of the Edmonton Capital Region, the city anchors the north end of what Statistics Canada defines as the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor. The city had a population of 932,546 in 2016, making it Albertas second-largest city, also in 2016, Edmonton had a metropolitan population of 1,321,426, making it the sixth-largest census metropolitan area in Canada. Edmonton is North Americas northernmost city with a population over one million. A resident of Edmonton is known as an Edmontonian, Edmontons historic growth has been facilitated through the absorption of five adjacent urban municipalities and a series of annexations ending in 1982. Known as the Gateway to the North, the city is a point for large-scale oil sands projects occurring in northern Alberta. Edmonton is a cultural, governmental and educational centre and it hosts a year-round slate of festivals, reflected in the nickname Canadas Festival City. It is home to North Americas largest mall, West Edmonton Mall, in 1754, Anthony Henday, an explorer for the Hudsons Bay Company, may have been the first European to enter the Edmonton area. By 1795, Fort Edmonton was established on the north bank as a major trading post for the Hudsons Bay Company. The new forts name was suggested by John Peter Pruden after Edmonton, London, the home town of both the HBC deputy governor Sir James Winter Lake, and Pruden. In 1876, Treaty 6, which includes what is now Edmonton, was signed between the Aboriginal peoples in Canada and Queen Victoria as Queen of Canada, as part of the Numbered Treaties of Canada. The agreement includes the Plains and Woods Cree, Assiniboine, and other governments of First Nations at Fort Carlton, Fort Pitt. The area covered by the treaty represents most of the area of the current provinces of Saskatchewan. The arrival of the CPR and the C&E Railway helped bring settlers and entrepreneurs from eastern Canada, Europe, U. S. the Edmonton areas fertile soil and cheap land attracted settlers, further establishing Edmonton as a major regional commercial and agricultural centre. Some people participating in the Klondike Gold Rush passed through South Edmonton/Strathcona in 1897, in November 1905, the Canadian Northern Railway arrived in Edmonton, accelerating growth. During the early 1900s, Edmontons rapid growth led to speculation in real estate, in 1912, Edmonton amalgamated with the City of Strathcona, south of the North Saskatchewan River, as a result, the city extended south of the North Saskatchewan River for the first time. Just prior to World War I, the boom ended, many impoverished families moved to subsistence farms outside the city, while others fled to greener pastures in other provinces. Recruitment to the Canadian army during the war contributed to the drop in population
3.
Canada
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Canada is a country in the northern half of North America. Canadas border with the United States is the worlds longest binational land border, the majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its territory being dominated by forest and tundra. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, One third of the population lives in the three largest cities, Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Its capital is Ottawa, and other urban areas include Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg. Various aboriginal peoples had inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Pursuant to the British North America Act, on July 1,1867, the colonies of Canada, New Brunswick and this began an accretion of provinces and territories to the mostly self-governing Dominion to the present ten provinces and three territories forming modern Canada. With the Constitution Act 1982, Canada took over authority, removing the last remaining ties of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is officially bilingual at the federal level and it is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources, Canadas long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. Canada is a country and has the tenth highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the ninth highest ranking in the Human Development Index. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, Canada is an influential nation in the world, primarily due to its inclusive values, years of prosperity and stability, stable economy, and efficient military. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the origins of Canada. In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona, from the 16th to the early 18th century Canada referred to the part of New France that lay along the St. Lawrence River. In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada collectively named The Canadas, until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the name for the new country at the London Conference. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, later that year, the name of national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to Canada Day
4.
Manhattan
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city
5.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
6.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
7.
Tracy Pollan
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Tracy Jo Pollan is an American actress. She is best known for portraying Ellen Reed on the sitcom Family Ties from 1985 to 1987, Pollan was born on Long Island, New York, the daughter of Corinne Elaine Corky, a magazine editor, and Stephen Michael Pollan, a financial consultant and writer. She was raised in Woodbury, New York, Pollan is from a Russian Jewish family and was raised in the faith. She attended the Dalton School in Manhattan, New York and she studied acting at the Herbert Berghof Studio and later at the Lee Strasberg Institute. In October 2014, Pollan, along with her two sisters and mother, co-authored The Pollan Family Table, a cookbook of recipes, kitchen tips. The foreword was written by her brother, Michael Pollan, who is the author of several books about food. Pollan was in a relationship with actor Kevin Bacon in the 1980s. She first met Michael J. Fox when she played the girlfriend of his character on Family Ties, they met again on the set of Bright Lights, Big City a couple of years later and they married on July 16,1988. They have four children together, Sam Michael Fox, twins Aquinnah Kathleen and Schuyler Frances Fox, and Esmé Annabelle Fox
8.
Canadian Americans
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Canadian Americans are American citizens or nationals who were born in and/or largely grew up in Canada, but later moved into the United States. It can also be used to refer to American-born citizens who either have parents who immigrated from Canada or have significant Canadian ancestry and/or identity, to others, especially for those living in New England or the Midwest, a Canadian-American is one whose ancestors came from Canada. The term Canadian refers to some as nationality, and to others as ethnicity, english-speaking Canadian immigrants easily integrate and assimilate into American culture and society as a result of the cultural similarities and in the vocabulary and accent in spoken English. French-speaking Canadians, because of language, culture, and religion, however, by the 3rd generation, the assimilation is complete, and the Canadian identity is more or less folklore. This took place, even half of the population of the province of Quebec emigrated to the US between 1840 and 1930. Many New England cities formed Little Canadas, but many of these have gradually disappeared and this cultural invisibility within the larger U. S. population is seen as creating stronger affinity amongst Canadians living in the U. S. than might otherwise exist. According to U. S. Census estimates the number of Americans of Canadian ancestry was around 640,000 in 2000, some sources have cited the number to possibly be over 1,000,000. Canadians who travel to the U. S. to escape their colder winter are known as snowbirds and they sometimes have residences in the Southern half of the U. S. Max Baucus, politician, former long-time U. S. Senator from Montana, and former U. S. S, marine hero Robert Goulet, singer and actor Mike Gravel, politician, former U. S. S. Representative from New York since 2013 Louis B, murray, politician and longtime U. S. Jack L. Warner, film executive Richard Verma, politician and former U. S. Alexander J. The bill allows state officials to hold ceremonies at the capitol and other places each year to honor Americans of Canadian ancestry. As a consequence of Article 3 of the Jay Treaty of 1794, official First Nations status, or in the US Native American status, also confers the right to live, jeffrey Simpson Star-Spangled Canadians, Canadians Living the American Dream
9.
Back to the Future (franchise)
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The films visual effects were done by Industrial Light and Magic. The trilogy was nominated for five Academy Awards all together, winning one.21 gigawatts it needs to time-travel. Soon after his arrival in 1955, Martys mother Lorraine falls in love him, rather than with his father George McFly. Without plutonium to power the machine, Marty must find the 1955 Doc Brown to help him reunite his parents. Despite 1955 Docs insistence on not knowing details of the future, the series continues as Doc Brown travels with Marty and Jennifer to the year 2015 where he has discovered Martys family is in ruins. Shortly after correcting the situation, Marty buys a sports almanac containing the outcomes of 50 years worth of sporting events to make easy money, however, Doc talks him out of it and throws the almanac in the trash, where the 2015 Biff Tannen finds it. A sleeping Jennifer has been taken by police to her home, needing Marty. While Marty and Doc are at the 2015 McFly home,2015 Biff steals the DeLorean time machine and gives the book to his 1955 self just before he goes to the dance at the end of the first movie. Marty learns that Biff was given the book by 2015 Biff on November 12,1955, so he and they accomplish this in a complex fashion, often crossing their own past-selves paths. When the duo are about to back to 1985, a lightning bolt strikes the DeLorean and activates the time circuits, sending Doc back to 1885. After finding out that Doc Brown is trapped in 1885, Marty sets out to find the 1955 Doc to help him fix the DeLorean and restore it to working order. Learning that Doc gets shot in 1885 by Biffs great-grandfather, Buford Mad Dog Tannen, Marty travels back in time to save Doc, Doc falls in love with schoolteacher Clara Clayton, and considers staying in the past. Marty must convince Doc to come back with him and find a way to get back to his time before its too late. After several dramatic scenes involving using a speeding locomotive to push the DeLorean to 88 miles per hour, Marty returns to 1985 without Doc Brown. When the DeLorean appears in 1985 on the train track as planned. Marty reveals to Jennifer the time travel adventure and they visit the scene of the wreckage of the DeLorean and he worries that Doc has been lost in the past forever, when suddenly Doc Brown appears in a new time machine, modeled after a locomotive. He introduces Jennifer and Marty to Clara and his two sons, Jules and Verne, when Marty asks if Doc and his family are going to the future, Doc replies that he has already been there. Docs last words of wisdom is that nobody knows their future, the locomotive flies across the sky and disappears, ending the trilogy
10.
Marty McFly
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Martin Marty Seamus McFly is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the Back to the Future trilogy. He is portrayed by actor Michael J. Fox, Marty also appears in the animated series, where he was voiced by David Kaufman. In the videogame by Telltale Games, he is voiced by A. J, locascio, in addition, Fox voiced Martys future counterparts at the end of the game. In 2008, Marty McFly was selected by Empire magazine as the 12th Greatest Movie Character of All Time, Marty was born in Hill Valley, California to a family of Irish descent. Little is known about Martys life prior to the first Back to the Future film, in 1985, Marty plays guitar with his group The Pinheads and likes listening to Huey Lewis and the News, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, and Van Halen. He is also a skateboarder and proven to be an excellent pistol shot. Marty is an everyman who can sometimes lack critical thinking skills, he is nevertheless brave in the face of danger and can be very quick-witted. He has shown some good and basic street fighting skills and often throws punches in hand-to-hand confrontations and he is loyal to his family and friends, regardless of whether or not he is estranged from them. His major character flaw is his pride, which causes him to take risks to show others that he is not a coward. By 2015, Martys life has spiraled downward due to lingering effects from an injury that leaves him unable to play guitar. This injury occurs in 1985, after Marty accepts school rival Douglas J. Needles challenge to a road race, in 1885, Biff Tannens great-grandfather Buford goads Marty into a showdown, which Marty wins despite refusing to draw a gun against Buford. Once he returns to 1985, he remembers both this event and Seamus advice and declines Needles challenge, avoiding the collision that would have ruined his musical aspirations. Over the years, Marty learns how to make his decisions on his own instead of being influenced by others. Marty McFly is the youngest of three children from George McFly and Lorraine Baines-McFly and he has a brother, Dave McFly, and a sister, Linda McFly. In addition, he has an uncle, Joey, who is serving a sentence in 1985 and is denied parole. Martys secondary entourage consists of girlfriend Jennifer Parker and best friend Emmett Brown, a scientist whom Marty and Jennifer call Doc. There is an impression that Marty is embarrassed by his family and does not spend time at home, preferring to hang out with Doc, Jennifer, or the guys in his band. Marty also meets his great-great paternal grandparents Seamus and Maggie, when he was stranded in 1885 and he also meets their infant son William, Martys great grandfather
11.
Spin City
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Spin City is an American television sitcom that aired from September 17,1996, until April 30,2002, on ABC. Fox departed in 2000 at the conclusion of Season 4 due to his battle with Parkinsons disease, the show was cancelled in 2002 due to low ratings. Mike is excellent at his job, dealing with spin and lies, but not so good with his personal life, Carter Heywood was seen as a revolution in modern television. As the writer Orville Lloyd Douglas noted on his blog GayBlackCanadianman, in North America gayness equals whiteness and gay black men are displaced due to race, gender, and sexual orientation. Finally, the writers and producers of Spin City got it right, Carter was a well adjusted young black man he wasnt on the down low, he also wasn’t confused or conflicted about his homosexuality. Despite their overwhelming personal differences, Stuart and Carter actually become roommates, also on the staff are speech writer James Hobert, who is easily led and quite naive, Mikes secretary Janelle Cooper, and accountant Nikki Faber. Janelle later becomes the secretary and Stacey Paterno joins the show as Mikes secretary. Together, this group helps run City Hall, improves the Mayors image, at one point in development, the show was simply called Spin. At the start of the series, Mike is dating reporter Ashley Schaeffer, in early promos for the series, the relationship is shown to be the main premise of the show. After just a few episodes, however, Ashley and Mike broke up, the nature of Carter and Stuarts relationship became a running gag during the series. For his part, Stuart tends to be possessive of his time with Carter. In spite of all the jokes and innuendo, they prove to be best friends willing to do anything for both their friends and each other, the straight man doesn’t have to worry that the gay man might hit on him. In 1998, Michael J. Fox announced he had Parkinsons disease, as a result, a new character, Caitlin Moore was introduced at the start of the 1999–2000 season to help share Mikes workload. Caitlin was Mayor Winstons campaign manager as he decided to run for Senator and their relationship was more complex than a simple rivalry, and hints were dropped that it would become more than platonic. In 2000, as his symptoms worsened, Fox announced he was leaving the show at the end of the season to more time with his family and to raise money for awareness of. His character left City Hall at the end of the fourth season. Executive Producer/co-creator Bill Lawrence also left the show, along with a few cast members and writers/producers, the remaining producers decided to carry on the series with a new lead. For the shows season, production moved from New York to Los Angeles, and Charlie Sheen, as new Deputy Mayor Charlie Crawford, joined Caitlin, Paul, Stuart, Carter
12.
American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
13.
Alex P. Keaton
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Alex P. Keaton is a fictional character on the United States television sitcom Family Ties, which aired on NBC for seven seasons, from 1982 to 1989. Family Ties reflected the move in the United States away from the liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s to the conservatism of the 1980s. This was particularly expressed through the relationship between Young Republican Alex and his parents, Steven and Elyse Keaton. President of the United States Ronald Reagan once stated that Family Ties was his television show. Alex is the oldest child of Steven and Elyse Keaton, who were baby boomers, married in 1964, Steven, a manager in a local Public Broadcasting Service station, and Elyse, an independent architect, were hippies during the 1960s. Alex has two sisters, Mallory and Jennifer. The family lives in suburban Columbus, Ohio, at the beginning of the series, Alex is a cheeky chappy high-school student who has a passion for economics and wealth. In particular, he is an advocate of supply-side economics and his heroes are Richard Nixon, William F. Buckley, Jr. Ronald Reagan, and Milton Friedman. His favorite television show is Wall $treet Week and he is a reader of The Wall Street Journal. He also enjoys music of the big band and swing era, Alex spends the first two seasons of the series preparing to attend Princeton University. Ultimately, Alex chooses to tend to Mallory rather than complete his interview, thus destroying any possibility of attending Princeton, Alex receives a scholarship to fictional Leland University, which is located close enough for Alex to continue to live at home and commute. Keaton excels at Leland University and teaches a course as a teaching assistant. Alex also holds a disdain for nearby Grant College, and goes as far as mocking their classes, while attending Leland, he has two serious girlfriends. His first was artist/feminist, Ellen Reed, after they break up, Keaton pursues a liberal psychology student with feminist leanings, Lauren Miller, who was played by Courteney Cox. This relationship ends when he has an affair with music major Martie Brodie while Lauren is out of town, after graduation, Alex accepts a job on Wall Street. The humor of the focused on a real cultural divide during the 1980s. According to Stephen Kiehl, this was when the Alex Keaton generation was rejecting the counterculture of the 1960s and embracing the wealth and power that came to define the 80s. The result was a decade, paradoxical by Americas usual post-World War II standards, in which youthful ambition, when else could a boy with a briefcase become a national hero
14.
Family Ties
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Family Ties is an American sitcom that aired on NBC for seven seasons, premiering on September 22,1982, and concluding on May 14,1989. The series, created by Gary David Goldberg, reflected the move in the United States from the liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s to the conservatism of the 1980s. This was particularly expressed through the relationship between young Republican Alex P. Keaton and his parents, Steven and Elyse Keaton. The show won awards, including three consecutive Emmy Awards for Michael J. Fox as Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series. Married in 1964, Elyse is an independent architect and Steven, a native of Buffalo, New York, is the manager of WKS. Mallory was also presented as an airhead, who was fodder for jokes. Jennifer, a tomboy and the youngest child, shares more the values of her parents. Steven and Elyse had a child, Andrew, who was born in early 1985. Andy is the youngest, on whom Alex doted and quickly molded in his conservative image, meredith Baxter-Birney as Elyse Keaton Michael Gross as Steven Keaton Michael J. Fox as Alex P. Originally, Elyse and Steven were intended to be the main characters, however, the audience reacted so positively to Alex during the taping of the fourth episode that he became the focus on the show. Fox had received the role after Matthew Broderick turned it down, supporting cast and characters includes neighbor Irwin Skippy Handelman, Mallorys Sylvester Stallone-esque boyfriend artist Nick Moore, and Alexs feminist artist girlfriend Ellen Reed. In season 3, episode 17, Elyse gave birth to her fourth child, bewitched actor Dick Sargent guest-starred as Elyses father Charlie in Season 1. A number of Hollywood stars appeared on the show before they were famous or during the years of their careers. A Jane Adams played Marty Broadie in two 7th-season episodes, They Cant Take That Away from Me, Part 1 and They Cant Take That Away from Me, christina Applegate played Kitten, a member of Jennifers band, on the episode Band on the Run. Hank Azaria played a co-worker of Mallorys in the season 7 episode Designing Women, timothy Busfield played Doug in two 1984 episodes, and Young Matt in a 1986 episode. C Jeff Cohen played two different characters, Marv Jr. on the episode The Visit, and Dougie Barker on the episode 4 Rms Ocn Vu, james Cromwell played John Hancock in the 3rd-season episode Philadelphia Story. D Geena Davis portrayed inept housekeeper Karen, F David Faustino played Keith Bailey the son of a divorced family friend who was taken away from his mother by his father in the episode To Snatch a Keith. Corey Feldman played a 7th grade classmate of Jennifer who was a nominee to win the Thomas Dewey best student achievement award on the episode The Disciple, G Crispin Glover played one of Alexs friends on the episode Birthday Boy
15.
Emmy Award
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An Emmy Award, or simply Emmy, recognizes excellence in the television industry, and corresponds to the Academy Award, the Tony Award, and the Grammy Award. Because Emmy Awards are given in various sectors of the American television industry, Regional Emmy Awards are also presented throughout the country at various times through the year, recognizing excellence in local and statewide television. In addition, International Emmys are awarded for excellence in TV programming produced, each is responsible for administering a particular set of Emmy ceremonies. The Los Angeles-based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences established the Emmy Award as part of an image-building and public relations opportunity. The first Emmy Awards ceremony took place on January 25,1949, at the Hollywood Athletic Club, shirley Dinsdale has the distinction of receiving the very first Emmy Award for Most Outstanding Television Personality, during that first awards ceremony. In the 1950s, the ATAS expanded the Emmys into a national event, in 1955, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences was formed in New York City as a sister organization to serve members on the East Coast, and help to also supervise the Emmys. The NATAS also established regional chapters throughout the United States, with each one developing their own local Emmy awards show for local programming, the ATAS still however maintained its separate regional ceremony honoring local programming in the Los Angeles Area. Originally there was only one Emmy Awards ceremony held per year to honor shows nationally broadcast in the United States, in 1974, the first Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held to specifically honor achievement in national daytime programming. Other area-specific Emmy Awards ceremonies soon followed, also, the International Emmy Awards, honoring television programs produced and initially aired outside the U. S. was established in the early 1970s. Meanwhile, all Emmys awarded prior to the emergence of these separate, in 1977, due to various conflicts, the ATAS and the NATAS agreed to split ties. However, they agreed to share ownership of the Emmy statue and trademark. With the rise of television in the 1980s, cable programs first became eligible for the Primetime Emmys in 1988. The ATAS also began accepting original online-only web television programs in 2013, the Emmy statuette, depicting a winged woman holding an atom, was designed by television engineer Louis McManus, who used his wife as the model. The TV Academy rejected a total of forty-seven proposals before settling on McManus design in 1948. The statuette has become the symbol of the TV Academys goal of supporting and uplifting the art and science of television, The wings represent the muse of art. When deciding a name for the award, Academy founder Syd Cassyd originally suggested Ike, however, Ike was also the popular nickname of World War II hero and future U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the Academy members wanted something unique. Finally, television engineer and the third president, Harry Lubcke, suggested the name Immy. After Immy was chosen, it was feminized to Emmy to match their female statuette
16.
Golden Globe Award
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Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel. In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish an honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as a figure within the entertainment industry. The official name of the award became the Cecil B. In 1963, the Miss Golden Globe concept was introduced, in its inaugural year, two Miss Golden Globes were named, one for film and one for television. The two Miss Golden Globes named that year were Eva Six and Donna Douglas, respectively, in 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned. It was unveiled at a conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars, gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015, the Golden Globe Awards theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi. On January 7,2008, it was announced due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, however, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand leads with nine, additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen, producing the Best Picture, and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each, behind them are Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty, at the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred, a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
17.
Screen Actors Guild Award
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The statuette given, a nude male figure holding both a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy, is called The Actor. It is 16 inches tall, weighs over 12 pounds, is cast in solid bronze, SAG Awards have been one of the major awards events in Hollywood since 1995. It is considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards, the awards have been telecast since 1998 on TNT, and since 2007 have been simulcast on TBS. The inaugural SAG Awards aired live on February 25,1995 from Universal Studios Stage 12, the second SAG awards aired live from the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium, while subsequent awards have been held at the Shrine Exposition Center
18.
The Michael J. Fox Foundation
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The Foundations proactive approach to advancing Parkinsons disease science has made it the most credible voice on Parkinsons research in the world. In 2010, the Foundation launched the first large scale clinical study on evolution biomarkers of the disease at a cost of $45 million over 5 years. The Foundation drives progress by awarding grants to ensure that the most promising research avenues are thoroughly funded, explored and carried forward toward pharmacy shelves, the Foundations four annually recurring Pipeline Programs aim to speed research along the drug development pipeline. Clinical Intervention Awards support clinical testing of promising PD therapies that may significantly and fundamentally improve treatment of PD, the Pipeline Programs are complemented by the Foundations Critical Challenges in Parkinsons Disease program, which provides funds for top research priorities. Team Fox for Parkinsons Research is the foundation’s grassroots community project raising funds, the Michael J. Fox Foundation publishes a print newsletter, The Fox Focus, two times per year as well as a monthly e-newsletter, FoxFlash, to keep supporters updated on Parkinsons research progress. In 2010, the Foundation launched an audio podcast series on Parkinsons science, living with Parkinsons is the Foundations online source for information on PD, guides for the newly diagnosed and caregivers, stories from people living with the disease and additional resources. In 2016, it created a raffle to raise awareness for Parkinsons disease and raised $6.75 million through Nike, one of the Nike Mags sold for over $200,000
19.
Karolinska Institute
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The Karolinska Institute is a medical university in Solna within the Stockholm urban area, Sweden, and one of the largest and most prestigious medical universities in the world. The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and it consists of fifty professors from various medical disciplines at the university. In 2017 Ole Petter Ottersen was nominated to become rector of the university, the Karolinska Institute was founded in 1810 on Kungsholmen on the west side of Stockholm, the main campus was relocated decades later to Solna, just outside Stockholm. A second campus was established recently in Flemingsberg, Huddinge. The Karolinska Institute is Swedens third oldest medical school, after Uppsala University, Research at the Karolinska Institute accounts for more than 40% of all academic medical research in Sweden. The Karolinska University Hospital, located in Solna and Huddinge, is associated with the university as a research, together they form an academic health science centre. It is one of Swedens largest centres for training and research, while most of the medical programs are taught in Swedish, the bulk of the Ph. D. projects are conducted in English. The institutes name is a reference to the Caroleans, the medical skills of the army barber-surgeons are manifestly inadequate, so Sweden needs to train surgeons in order to better prepare the country for future wars. 1811 The Karolinska Institute is licensed to train not only surgeons,1813 As one of KIs first professors, Jöns Jacob Berzelius lays the foundations of KIs scientific orientation. 1816 The newly inaugurated institute is named Carolinska Institutet, a title that never makes an impact. Carolinska Medico Chirurgiska institutet, however, proves more popular, especially when preceded by the epithet Kongliga and it is in connection with the student revolt of 1968 that the name is shortened to Karolinska Institutet, or KI as it is now commonly known. Anders Johan Hagströmer is appointed the institutes first inspector, a post equivalent to todays president, Hagströmer is a professor of anatomy and surgery, with a background from the Collegium Medicum, the National Board of Health and Welfare of its day. This same year, the moves to the old Glasbruk quarter on Norr Mälarstrand. The move across the waters of Riddarfjärden is made on barges, one of which is said to have capsized and his library survives intact, however, and today forms part of the KI-Swedish Society of Medicine book museum at KIs Hagströmer Library. 1861 The institute is awarded the right to confer degrees and is granted an equal to that of a university. 1866 The old building on the Glasbruk plot is torn down and replaced by a new, the new institute is built in stages, mostly during the 1880s and into the first decade of the 20th century. The building stands to day, and has remained largely unchanged since its erection. 1874 KI is licensed to confer medical degrees, previously, even though the institute could run courses in medicine, the right to confer medical degrees was almost exclusively that of Uppsala University
20.
Stuart Little (film)
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Stuart Little is a 1999 American live-action/CGI animated family film directed by Rob Minkoff. It is loosely based on the novel of the name by E. B. White. It combines live action and computer animation, the screenplay was written by M. Night Shyamalan and Greg Brooker. The plot bears little resemblance to that of the book, as some of the characters. The films sequel more closely resembles the original novel, minkoffs first live-action film, Michael J. Fox is the voice of Stuart Little. Geena Davis and Hugh Laurie star as Eleanor and Frederick Little, with Jonathan Lipnicki as Stuarts big brother George, the film was released on December 17,1999, by Columbia Pictures. It received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination, and it was Estelle Gettys final film before her retirement in 2001 and her death in 2008. Eleanor Little and Frederick Little go to the orphanage to adopt a younger brother for their son George, at the orphanage, they meet and fall in love with an anthropomorphic mouse named Stuart. Despite discouragement from Mrs. Keeper, they adopt Stuart and take him home. However, Stuart is poorly received by George, who refuses to acknowledge the mouse as his brother, and the family cat Snowbell, who is against the idea of having a mouse for a master. Stuarts new life at the house gets off to a bad start when George unknowingly traps him in a pile of laundry, Stuart quickly feels ostracised in the large Little family, especially when George declares Stuart is not his brother, but simply a mouse. When Stuart tells his parents that he is lonely, they ask Mrs. Keeper to do some research on Stuarts biological family. At the same time, one of Snowbells alley cat friends, Monty, visits unexpectedly, determined not to have his reputation ruined, Snowbell meets with Montys leader, Smokey, a mafia don-like alley cat, and plots to remove Stuart from the household without harming him. Stuart and George finish the Wasp in time, but when the controller gets broken on the day of the race, after this, George feels more comfortable with Stuart and calls him his brother. Somberly, Stuart leaves with the Stouts, three days later, Mrs. Keeper comes to visit and tells the Littles that Stuarts parents actually died many years ago in a supermarket accident. Realizing their son has been kidnapped, the Littles call the police and that night, Snowbell meets with Smokey and the alley cats, who reveal they had forced the Stouts to pose as Stuarts parents in order to remove Stuart from the household. Fearing retribution should the Littles discover Snowbells deception, Smokey orders the Stouts to hand Stuart over to them, however, the Stouts, having bonded with Stuart, tell him the truth and instruct him to escape. Smokey subsequently orders a mouse hunt for Stuart and he and the alley cats confront him in Central Park, and chase him into a sewer drain, but he manages to outrun them, losing his roadster and suitcase in the process
21.
The Walt Disney Company
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The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue. Disney was founded on October 16,1923 – by brothers Walt Disney, the company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing. In addition, Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands. The company is best known for the products of its studio, Walt Disney Studios. Disneys other three divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, Disney Media Networks, and Disney Consumer Products. The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6,1991, Mickey Mouse, an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company, is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney. In early 1923, Kansas City, Missouri, animator Walt Disney created a film entitled Alices Wonderland. After the bankruptcy in 1923 of his previous firm, Laugh-O-Gram Studios, Disney moved to Hollywood to join his brother, Walt and Roy Disney formed Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio that same year. More animated films followed after Alice, in January 1926, with the completion of the Disney studio on Hyperion Street, the Disney Brothers Studios name was changed to the Walt Disney Studio. The distributor owned Oswald, so Disney only made a few hundred dollars, Disney completed 26 Oswald shorts before losing the contract in February 1928, due to a legal loophole, when Winklers husband Charles Mintz took over their distribution company. After failing to take over the Disney Studio, Mintz hired away four of Disneys primary animators to start his own animation studio, Snappy Comedies. In 1928, to recover from the loss of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney came up with the idea of a character named Mortimer while on a train headed to California. The mouse was later renamed Mickey Mouse and starred in several Disney produced films, ub Iwerks refined Disneys initial design of Mickey Mouse. Disneys first sound film Steamboat Willie, a cartoon starring Mickey, was released on November 18,1928 through Pat Powers distribution company and it was the first Mickey Mouse sound cartoon released, but the third to be created, behind Plane Crazy and The Gallopin Gaucho. Disney used Pat Powers Cinephone system, created by Powers using Lee De Forests Phonofilm system, Steamboat Willie premiered at B. S. Mosss Colony Theater in New York City, now The Broadway Theatre. Disneys Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho were then retrofitted with synchronized sound tracks, Disney continued to produce cartoons with Mickey Mouse and other characters, and began the Silly Symphonies series with Columbia Pictures signing on as Symphonies distributor in August 1929
22.
Atlantis: The Lost Empire
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Set in 1914, the film tells the story of a young man who gains possession of a sacred book, which he believes will guide him and a crew of mercenaries to the lost city of Atlantis. Development of the film began after production had finished on The Hunchback of Notre Dame, instead of another musical, the production team decided to do an action-adventure film inspired by the works of Jules Verne. Atlantis was notable for adopting the distinctive style of comic book creator Mike Mignola. Linguist Marc Okrand created a language specifically for use in Atlantis, the film was released at a time when audience interest in animated films was shifting away from hand-drawn animation toward films with full CGI. Atlantis, The Lost Empire premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California on June 3,2001, released by Walt Disney Pictures, Atlantis performed modestly at the box office. Budgeted at $100 million, the film grossed over $186 million worldwide, due to the films lackluster box office performance, Disney quietly canceled both a spin-off television series and an underwater attraction at its Disneyland theme park. Some critics praised it as a departure from typical Disney animated features. Atlantis was nominated for a number of awards, including seven Annie Awards, the film was released on VHS and DVD on January 29,2002, the Blu-ray released on June 11,2013. Atlantis is considered to be a favorite, due in part to Mignolas unique artistic influence. A direct-to-video sequel, Atlantis, Milos Return, was released in 2003, many centuries ago, a large tidal wave triggered by a distant explosion threatens to drown the island of Atlantis. The crystal consumes her and creates a barrier that protects the citys innermost district. She leaves behind her daughter, Princess Kida, as the island sinks beneath the ocean. After the museum board declines his proposal to search for the journal, Whitmore has already funded a successful effort to retrieve the journal as repayment of a debt to Milos grandfather, recruiting Milo to lead an expedition to Atlantis, as soon as he receives it. The expedition departs with a team of specialists led by Commander Lyle Rourke and they set out in the Ulysses, a massive submarine. During the journey, they are attacked by the monstrous Leviathan, the Ulysses is subsequently destroyed, but Milo, Rourke, and part of the crew escape by making their way to an underground cavern, described in the journal as the entrance to Atlantis. After traveling through a network of caves and a dormant volcano and they are greeted by Kida who resembles a young woman and discover that the Atlantean language is the basis of many existing languages. Kida enlists Milos aid in deciphering the Atlantean written language, long forgotten by the natives and he is surprised this is not mentioned in the journal, but recalls that a page is missing. Returning to the surface with Kida, Milo discovers Rourke has the missing page, Rourke and the crew betray Milo, intending to bring the crystal to the surface and sell it
23.
CBS
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CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
24.
The Good Wife
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The Good Wife is an American legal and political drama television series that aired on CBS from September 22,2009, to May 8,2016. The executive producers are Ridley Scott, Charles McDougall, and David W. Zucker, the Good Wife is a heavily serialized show featuring several story arcs that carry over several episodes, as well as stand-alone procedural storylines that are concluded by the end of each episode. The serial plots have been showcased in its highly praised fifth season. This is a rarity among The Good Wifes broadcaster CBS, as most of its shows are procedural, the Good Wife won numerous prestigious awards, including five Emmys and the 2014 Television Critics Association Award for Outstanding Achievement in Drama. The performances of the shows cast have been recognized, with Julianna Marguliess role as Alicia Florrick receiving significant praise. The show has received wide acclaim for its insight on social media. CBS announced in a promo aired during Super Bowl 50, on February 7,2016, the final episode aired on May 8,2016. The series focuses on Alicia Florrick, whose husband Peter, the former Cook County, Illinois States Attorney, has been jailed following a political corruption. After having spent the previous thirteen years as a stay-at-home mother, the image of a wife standing silently beside her husband as he publicly admitted to his sexual or political misconduct has, according to Robert King, become a sort of cliché. This image led the Kings to question why these women stood by their husbands and they were further intrigued by the fact that many of the wives were lawyers, who had halted their personal careers for the sake of their husbands professional ambitions. The actual idea for the series was first postulated in the following the Eliot Spitzer prostitution scandal of 2008. As Michelle King, explains, The series was created by Michelle and Robert King, the pair had produced the short-lived legal drama In Justice that aired as a mid-season replacement in early 2006. The creators had worked extensively in feature films. Scott Free productions helped to finance The Good Wife and Ridley Scott, Tony Scott, executive producer Dee Johnson added television writing experience to the team. Charles McDougall directed the episode and was the pilots other executive producer. McDougall had previously enjoyed success as the director of the pilot for Desperate Housewives, All seven executive producers returned when a full series was ordered and they were joined by executive producer Brooke Kennedy. McDougall left the crew after directing and executive producing the second episode, several new producers were added to the crew once CBS ordered a full season. Todd Ellis Kessler, who had completed production on The Unit
25.
Boston Legal
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Boston Legal is an American legal dramedy created by David E. Kelley and produced in association with 20th Century Fox Television for ABC. The series aired from October 3,2004, to December 8,2008, prior to the shows premiere, it had a working title of Fleet Street, an allusion to the real street in Boston where the fictitious Crane, Poole & Schmidt had its offices. The working title was modified to The Practice, Fleet Street. The real building shown as the law office is located at 500 Boylston Street,1.4 miles away from Fleet Street, the American producers of the series also hired British writer Sir John Mortimer, QC, as a consultant for Boston Legal. The shows pilot was produced with former The Practice stars James Spader and Rhona Mitra, guest stars William Shatner and Lake Bell. It featured a storyline with Larry Miller as Edwin Poole. Monica Potter was later cast as junior partner Lori Colson and René Auberjonois as senior partner Paul Lewiston, the pilot premiered on ABC on October 3,2004. On November 30,2004, it was announced that Candice Bergen would join the cast as senior partner Shirley Schmidt, Lake Bell left the series mid-season, and René Auberjonois was promoted to main cast member. Anthony Heald and Betty White also made regular guest appearances, having appeared as the same characters on The Practice. The success of Greys Anatomy placed Boston Legal on hold until autumn 2005, both Rhona Mitra and Monica Potter left the series during the hiatus, while Julie Bowen was cast as Denise Bauer. Ryan Michelle Bathe and Justin Mentell were later cast as junior associates Sara Holt, the second episode of Season 3 introduced Craig Bierko as Jeffrey Coho and Constance Zimmer as Claire Simms. In Episode 11, guest star Gary Anthony Williams joined the cast, on June 4,2007, TV Guide announced that René Auberjonois, Julie Bowen, Mark Valley, and Constance Zimmer would not return for Season 4. Christian Clemenson, who had guest-starred occasionally as Jerry Espenson – was promoted to main cast, production also stated that René Auberjonois, Mark Valley, Julie Bowen, and Constance Zimmer may return in guest roles. Burrows later became a full-time cast member, on May 13,2008, ABC announced that Boston Legal would return for a fifth season in the fall. Saffron Burrows did not return as a regular, having joined the cast of My Own Worst Enemy. The final season consisted of 13 episodes to reach the 100 episode mark, there was speculation that Boston Legal might receive an additional episode-order if the show had another strong showing in the Emmy Awards and produced solid ratings in its new fall time slot. The season began airing on September 22,2008, on June 18 and June 20,2008, it was reported that Gary Anthony Williams and Taraji P. Henson would not return for Season 5 as Clarence Bell and Whitney Rome, respectively. On July 17,2008, Boston Legal was nominated for a series-high seven Emmy nominations, Spader, Bergen, and Shatner were each nominated for their respective roles
26.
Scrubs (TV series)
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Scrubs is an American medical comedy-drama television series created by Bill Lawrence that aired from October 2,2001, to March 17,2010, on NBC and later ABC. The series follows the lives of employees at the fictional Sacred Heart teaching hospital, the title is a play on surgical scrubs and a term for a low-ranking person because at the beginning of the series, most of the main characters are medical interns. The series is fast-paced, with slapstick and surreal vignettes presented mostly as the daydreams of the character, Dr. John J. D. Dorian. The main cast for all but its last season consisted of Braff, Sarah Chalke, Donald Faison, Neil Flynn, Ken Jenkins, the series featured multiple guest appearances by film actors, such as Brendan Fraser, Heather Graham, and Colin Farrell. Scrubs, produced by the production division of Disney–ABC Television Group, premiered on October 2,2001. The series received a Peabody Award in 2006, during the seventh season, NBC announced that it would not renew the show, ABC announced it had picked up the eighth season of the series, which began January 6,2009. The ninth season premiered on December 1,2009, and on May 14,2010, most episodes feature multiple story lines thematically linked by voice-overs done by Braff, as well as the comical daydreams of J. D. According to Bill Lawrence, What we decided was, rather than have it be a monotone narration and it opened up a visual medium that those of us as comedy writers were not used to. Actors were given the chance to improvise their lines on set with encouragement by series creator Bill Lawrence, with Neil Flynn, almost every episode title for the first eight seasons begins with the word My. Bill Lawrence says this is because each episode is Dr. John Dorian writing in his diary, a few episodes are told from another characters perspective and have episode titles like His Story or Her Story. Apart from a period of narration from J. D. at the beginning and the end. The transfer of the duties usually occurs at a moment of physical contact between two characters. Starting with season nine, the titles start with Our. as the focus has shifted from the perspective of J. D. to a new group of medical students. The webisodes that accompanied season eight, Scrubs, Interns, also were named Our, for the first eight seasons, the series featured seven main cast members, with numerous other characters recurring throughout the course of the series. Starting with the season, many of the original cast left as regular characters. Zach Braff portrays John Michael J. D. Dorian, the shows protagonist, J. D. is a young attending physician, who begins the series as a staff intern. His voice-over to the series comes from his thoughts and often features surreal fantasies. J. D. describes himself as a sensi, enjoying acoustic alternative music, J. D. has a son with ex-girlfriend Kim Briggs and a child with wife Elliot Reid
27.
Curb Your Enthusiasm
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Curb Your Enthusiasm is an American comedy television series produced and broadcast by HBO that premiered on October 15,2000. The series was created by Larry David, who stars as a version of himself. The series follows Larry in his life as a television writer and producer in Los Angeles. Also starring are Cheryl Hines as his wife, Cheryl, Jeff Garlin as his manager, Jeff, Curb Your Enthusiasm often features guest stars, and many of these appearances are by celebrities playing versions of themselves fictionalized to varying degrees. The plots and subplots of the episodes are established in a written by David. The character has a hard time letting such annoyances go unexpressed, the series was developed from a 1999 one-hour special, Larry David, Curb Your Enthusiasm, which David and HBO originally envisioned as a one-time project. The special was shot as a mockumentary, where the characters were aware of the presence of cameras, the series itself is not a mock documentary but is shot in a somewhat similar, cinéma vérité-like style. Curb Your Enthusiasm has received critical acclaim and has grown in popularity since its debut. It has been nominated for 38 Primetime Emmy Awards, and Robert B, weide received an Emmy for Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series for the episode Krazee Eyez Killa. The show won the 2002 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy, after season eight finished in 2011, the series went on an indefinite hiatus. In June 2016, after an absence, it was announced the series would return for a ninth season. The series stars Larry David as a fictionalized version of himself. Like the real-life David, the character is known in the entertainment industry as the co-creator. For most of the series, the Larry David character is living a life in Los Angeles with his wife. Davids main confidant on the show is his manager, Jeff Greene, a large portion of the shows many guest stars are celebrities and public figures, such as actors, comedians, sportspeople, and politicians, who play themselves. These include Davids longtime friend Richard Lewis as well as Ted Danson and his wife, Mary Steenburgen, the show is set and filmed in various affluent Westside communities of Los Angeles, as well as in the adjacent cities of Beverly Hills, Culver City and Santa Monica. Davids hometown of New York City is also featured in some episodes, most of the series revolves around Davids interactions with his friends and acquaintances, with David often at odds with the other characters, usually to his detriment. Despite this, the characters do not seem to harbor ill feelings toward each other for any extended period, and this conflicts with his dry style
28.
Rescue Me (U.S. TV series)
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Rescue Me is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on the FX on July 21,2004 and concluded on September 7,2011. The series focuses on the professional and personal lives of a group of New York City firefighters, the protagonist and focal point of the series is veteran New York City Firefighter Tommy Gavin. The series follows Tommys troubled family and co-workers as they deal with life issues. Tommy struggles with the loss of his cousin and best friend, Firefighter Jimmy Keefe, as well as fifty-nine other firefighters whom he knew, Jimmy frequently visits Tommy in ghostly dreams. Tommy is an impatient, self-loathing, hypocritical, manipulative, relapsed alcoholic who suffers with severe survivor guilt, in the pilot episode, Tommy and his wife Janet have already separated, although they are technically still married, and Tommy has moved across the street. Rescue Me mainly focuses on the family of Tommy Gavin and the men of Tommys firehouse, the show opens by exploring their lives, both at home and inside the firehouse. It also features the well-known comedian Denis Leary, who carries his humorous nature over into the show. Gavin and his wife, Janet are separated and, from across the street, he sees her begin to again and plans to get her back and prevent her from taking his children. Janet separated from Tommy several months prior, due to his failure to commit to his family and open up about 9/11. Tommy also begins an affair with Jimmys widow Sheila, and Probationary Firefighter, or probie Mike Silletti begins to date a fat chick named Theresa. Lt. Ken Shea, Tommys superior officer, deals with 9/11 by secretly writing poetry, after firefighter Billy Warren dies in a fire, the city sends Laura Miles to replace him. She clashes with the guys in general and with Tommy in particular and she is watching him, and believes he is becoming dangerous as he takes more and more seemingly unnecessary risks on the job. In the final scene of the finale, Tommy shows up at his wifes house to find her. While consuming a bottle of vodka he finds in a cupboard, the second season premiered on June 21,2005. It began with Tommy at a new firehouse on Staten Island and his replacement at 62 Truck, Sully, while responding to a fire at an underground sex club, they discover that the woman they rescued is really Sully in a black leather skirt and bustier. The next day, Sully requests a transfer because he knows that the crew will never let him live that down and this clears the way for Tommy to return. Back in the old house Tommy shifts his focus to finding his family and dealing with his father, Sheila has a miscarriage, but lies about it to keep Tommy near. Later on in the season, Sheila gets involved in a relationship with a woman who turns abusive towards Sheila, meanwhile, Tommy and Johnny Gavin find out that their father had a long, on-going affair during their childhood, which produced two children
29.
Canada's Walk of Fame
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Canadas Walk of Fame, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, is a walk of fame that acknowledges the achievements and accomplishments of successful Canadians. The first group of members was inducted in 1998, and to date 163 Canadians have been inducted into Canadas Walk of Fame. They rejected his idea, but he went on to establish a Walk of Fame for Canadians in partnership with Bill Ballard, Dusty Cohl and Gary Slaight. In spite of a lack of funds, research and no plan, they managed to succeed. Canadas Walk of Fame has since become a popular tourist attraction in Toronto and has named the number one Canadian recognition event. Canadas Walk of Fame accepts nominations for potential inductees from the year round. In 2000, prior to the introduction of the voting system, over 30,000 nominations were received via letters, fax. Now submissions are accepted on the official Canadas Walk of Fame website and thousands of nominations are received every year, following the Selection Committees evaluation, the nominees that meet all of the requirements are forwarded to the board of directors, who then select the inductees. The process differs greatly from that of the Hollywood Walk of Fame, while most celebrities on the Hollywood Walk of Fame are American or have achieved their fame in the United States, Canadas Walk of Fame is exclusive to Canadians. For someone to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, from there, the names are submitted to a nominating committee of five people, who pick 10–15 names to award stars to annually. Canadian stars are inducted in a group ceremony, while the Hollywood Walk of Fame rarely inducts more than two major stars at a time. Celebrities can have more than one star on the Hollywood Walk, new inductees are inducted annually at an unveiling ceremony where their star, a stylized maple leaf, is revealed. The first was held in 1998 and only four of the living inductees attended, Karen Kain, Norman Jewison, Barbara Ann Scott. The 2007 ceremony was held at Torontos Hummingbird Centre, was attended by all seven inductees and was hosted by Eugene Levy, past hosts include Trish Stratus, Tom Green, Jann Arden, Kurt Browning and Catriona Le May Doan. The ceremony was broadcast by CTV until 2008, beginning in 2009 the ceremony was broadcast by Global. The first ceremony on the network was hosted by Anne Murray while Howie Mandel hosted for the two years. Paul Shaffer hosted the event in 2012, established in 2008, the Cineplex Legends Award is posthumously awarded to Canadian pioneers in film, music, sport, arts, and innovation. Sponsored by Cineplex Entertainment, the first recipients of the award were siblings Norma, the award recipients are also given stars on the Walk of Fame
30.
Burnaby
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Burnaby is a city in British Columbia, Canada, located immediately to the east of Vancouver. It is the third-largest city in British Columbia by population, surpassed only by nearby Surrey and it was incorporated in 1892 and achieved City status in 1992, one hundred years after incorporation. It is the seat of the Greater Vancouver Regional Districts government, in 1859 Burnaby had surveyed the freshwater lake near what is now the citys geographical centre. Moody chose to name it Burnaby Lake, in the first 30 to 40 years after its incorporation, the growth of Burnaby was influenced by its location between the expanding urban centres of Vancouver and New Westminster. It first served as an agricultural area supplying nearby markets. Later, it served as an important transportation corridor between Vancouver, the Fraser Valley and the Interior and continues to do so. As Vancouver expanded and became a metropolis, it was one of the first-tier bedroom-community suburbs of Vancouver itself, along with the city and district of North Vancouver, Burnaby has shifted in character over time from rural to suburban to urban. Burnaby occupies 98.60 square kilometres and is located at the centre of the Metro Vancouver area. Burnaby, Vancouver and New Westminster collectively occupy the portion of the Burrard Peninsula. The elevation of Burnaby ranges from sea level to a maximum of 370 metres atop Burnaby Mountain, due to its elevation, the city of Burnaby experiences quite a bit more snowfall during the winter months than nearby Vancouver or Richmond. Overall, the landscape of Burnaby is one of hills, ridges, valleys. The land features and their locations have had an influence on the location, type. Burnaby is home to industrial and commercial firms. British Columbias largest commercial mall, the Metropolis at Metrotown, is located in Burnaby. Major parklands and waterways in Burnaby include Central Park, Robert Burnaby Park, Kensington Park, Burnaby Mountain, Still Creek, the Brunette River, Burnaby Lake, Deer Lake, and Squint Lake. The SkyTrain rapid transit system, based in Burnaby, crosses the city from east to west in two places, the Expo Line crosses the south along Kingsway and the Millennium Line follows Lougheed Highway. Major north-south streets crossing the City include Boundary Road, Willingdon Avenue, Royal Oak Avenue, Kensington Avenue, Sperling Avenue, Gaglardi Way, Cariboo Road, and North Road. East-west routes linking Burnabys neighbouring cities to other include Hastings Street, Barnet Highway
31.
Vancouver
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Vancouver is a coastal seaport city in Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. As the most populous city in the province, the 2016 census recorded 631,486 people in the city, the Greater Vancouver area had a population of 2,463,431 in 2016, making it the third largest metropolitan area in Canada. Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada with over 5,400 people per square kilometre. With over 250,000 residents, Vancouver municipality is the fourth most densely populated city in North America behind New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City according to the 2011 census. In that census, Vancouver was one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse cities in Canada, Vancouver is classed as a Beta global city. In 2014, following thirty years in California, the annual TED conference made Vancouver its indefinite home, several matches of the 2015 FIFA Womens World Cup were played in Vancouver, including the final at BC Place Stadium. From that first enterprise, other stores and some hotels quickly appeared along the waterfront to the west, Gastown became formally laid out as a registered townsite dubbed Granville, B. I. As of 2014, Port Metro Vancouver is the third largest port by tonnage in the Americas, 27th in the world, the busiest and largest in Canada, and the most diversified port in North America. While forestry remains its largest industry, Vancouver is well known as an urban centre surrounded by nature, archaeological records indicate the presence of Aboriginal people in the Vancouver area from 8,000 to 10,000 years ago. The city is located in the territories of the Squamish, Musqueam. They had villages in various parts of present-day Vancouver, such as Stanley Park, False Creek, Kitsilano, Point Grey, the city takes its name from George Vancouver, who explored the inner harbour of Burrard Inlet in 1792 and gave various places British names. The explorer and North West Company trader Simon Fraser and his became the first known Europeans to set foot on the site of the present-day city. In 1808, they travelled from the east down the Fraser River, perhaps as far as Point Grey. The Fraser Gold Rush of 1858 brought over 25,000 men, mainly from California, to nearby New Westminster on the Fraser River, on their way to the Fraser Canyon, a sawmill established at Moodyville in 1863, began the citys long relationship with logging. It was quickly followed by mills owned by Captain Edward Stamp on the shore of the inlet. This mill, known as the Hastings Mill, became the nucleus around which Vancouver formed, the mills central role in the city waned after the arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the 1880s. It nevertheless remained important to the economy until it closed in the 1920s. The settlement which came to be called Gastown grew up quickly around the original makeshift tavern established by Gassy Jack Deighton in 1867 on the edge of the Hastings Mill property
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Burnaby Central Secondary School
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Burnaby Central Secondary School is a public high school in Burnaby, British Columbia. It is located across from Burnaby City hall and is adjacent Deer Lake Park, Burnaby Central is a part of Burnaby School District 41. Currently, there are more than 1,400 students attending the school and it has five computer labs, two gymnasiums, two outdoor fields, and a track. Winning boys and girls teams, championship girls volleyball team. In 2009, the team competed in the provincial championships and came out as the BOYS BC champions. Centrals ACE-IT program is a program that offers students from across the district to learn culinary skills from Chef Wade. These students learn a variety of skills including catering a number of dinners, conferences, due to the Seismic Mitigation Program in British Columbia, construction began on a new, seismically sound school building in 2009. This new school building was constructed where the previous school’s outdoor field was located, Burnaby Central Secondary School’s new campus opened in September 2011, and is the most advanced and eco friendly school in Burnaby
33.
Burnaby South Secondary School
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Burnaby South Secondary is a public high school in Burnaby, British Columbia. It is one of the eight high schools within School District 41 Burnaby, Burnaby South currently contains approximately 1800 students. The school opened in 1922, and the BC School for the Deaf was moved to the site in 1995. Developed as a Year 2000 school, the building incorporated a significant amount of technology, including monitors in all the halls and classrooms in place of PAs, premier Christy Clark graduated from Burnaby South in 1983. A broadcasting class named Television Production delivers the morning every day in the form of a news report called RebelsMedia. Partner to the Television Production program is the Video Production class where students create short films for the school and local film festivals. Fox Theatre, lab facilities in science, home economics, art, drama, business education, and technology education, and Southpoint, the school store run by Marketing students. Sports teams are available from grades 8-12 for basketball, wrestling, swimming, golf, soccer, rugby, volleyball, badminton, tennis, the school offers several honours courses and a variety of Advanced Placement courses. In late 2013, the Burnaby School District announced that the school would be offering the AP Capstone Diploma Program in the 2014/15 year
34.
Screen Actors Guild
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The Screen Actors Guild was an American labor union which represented over 100,000 film and television principal and background performers worldwide. On March 30,2012, the leadership announced that the SAG membership voted to merge with the American Federation of Television. The Screen Actors Guild was associated with the Associated Actors and Artistes of America, AAAA is affiliated with the AFL–CIO. Internationally, the SAG was affiliated with the International Federation of Actors. C, since 1995, the guild annually awarded the Screen Actors Guild Awards, which are considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards. This award is continued by SAG-AFTRA, in 1925, the Masquers Club was formed by actors discontent with the grueling work hours at the Hollywood studios. This was one of the concerns which led to the creation of the Screen Actors Guild in 1933. A meeting in March 1933 of six led to the guilds foundation. Aubrey Smith, Charles Starrett, Richard Tucker, Arthur Vinton, Morgan Wallace, many high-profile actors refused to join SAG initially. This changed when the producers made an agreement amongst themselves not to bid competitively for talent, a pivotal meeting, at the home of Frank Morgan, was what gave SAG its critical mass. Cantors participation was critical, particularly because of his friendship with the recently elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt, after several years and the passage of the National Labor Relations Act, the producers agreed to negotiate with SAG in 1937. Robinson, Edwin Stanley, Gloria Stuart, Lyle Talbot, Franchot Tone, Warren William, Ten of those summoned, dubbed the Hollywood Ten, refused to cooperate and were charged with contempt of Congress and sentenced to prison. The president of SAG – future United States President Ronald Reagan – also known to the FBI as Confidential Informant T-10, testified before the committee but never publicly named names. He felt that lacking a definite stand on the part of the government, subsequently, a climate of fear, enhanced by the threat of detention under the provisions of the McCarran Internal Security Act, permeated the film industry. On November 17,1947, the Screen Actors Guild voted to force its officers to take a non-communist pledge, none of those blacklisted were proven to advocate overthrowing the government – most simply had Marxist or socialist views. The Waldorf Statement marked the beginning of the Hollywood blacklist that saw hundreds of people prevented from working in the film industry, unfortunately, there are no credits to restore, nor any other belated recognition that we can offer our members who were blacklisted. They could not work under assumed names or employ surrogates to front for them, an actors work and his or her identity are inseparable. The Screen Actors Guild Ethnic Minorities Committee was co-founded in 1972 by actors Henry Darrow, Edith Diaz, Ricardo Montalban, the Screen Actors Guild Womens Committee was founded in 1972. In 1998, Naomi Marquez filed suit against SAG and Lakeside Productions claiming they had breached their duty of fair representation, the claim was denied by the Supreme Court
35.
Character actor
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A character actor or character actress is a supporting actor who plays unusual, interesting, or eccentric characters. The term, often contrasted with that of leading actor, is somewhat abstract, in a literal sense, all actors can be considered character actors since they all play characters, but in the usual sense it is an actor who plays a distinctive and important supporting role. In either case, character actor roles are more substantial than bit parts or non-speaking extras, the term is used primarily to describe television and film actors, and is less used to describe theater actors. An early use of the term was in the 1883 edition of The Stage, Actors with a long career history of playing character roles may be difficult for audiences to recognize as being the same actor, if they play such roles convincingly and memorably. Unlike leading actors, they are seen as less glamorous. Generally, the names of actors are not featured prominently in movie and television advertising on the marquee. Some character actors have distinctive voices or accents, or they develop memorable mannerisms, a character actor with a long career may not have a well-known name, yet may be instantly recognizable. During the course of a career, an actor can sometimes shift between leading roles and secondary roles. Some leading actors, as they get older, find that access to leading roles is limited by their increasing age, in the past, actors of color, who were often barred from roles for which they were otherwise suited, found work performing ethnic stereotypes. Sometimes character actors have developed based on specific talents needed in genre films, such as dancing, horsemanship, acrobatics, swimming ability. Some character actors develop a following with a particular audience. Ed Lauter usually portrayed a menacing figure because of his long, angular face which was recognized in public. Character actors can play a variety of types, such as the femme fatale, gunslinger, sidekick, town drunk, villain, whore with a heart of gold, Character actors subsume themselves into the characters they portray, such that their off-screen acting persona is practically unrecognizable. According to one view, great actors are rarely out of work. They are also highly regarded by fellow actors. Stock character Commedia dellarte Quinlan, David, quinlans Illustrated Directory of Film Character Actors. Character Kings, Hollywoods Familiar Faces Discuss the Art & Business of Acting
36.
Midnight Madness (film)
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Midnight Madness is a 1980 American comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and starring David Naughton, Stephen Furst and Maggie Roswell. The city of Los Angeles is the board as five teams of college students attempt to win The Great All-Nighter. The film was directed by Michael Nankin, graduate student Leon summons five college students to his apartment and challenges them to participate in his latest game creation, The Great All-Nighter. He tells them about his game and instructs them to form teams, at first, the leaders refuse to play. However, rivalries between them lead all five to change their minds by the start time. The game works like this, Teams are given a clue to solve. When the clue is solved, it will lead to a location, at that location they must find and solve another clue leading to another location and eventually the end. Leon, as master, keeps track of the teams locations with a giant map. The teams are supposed to call and check in at each clue, starting at sundown, the five teams meet and are given envelopes with the first clue. The first team to reach the destination, a room in the Westin Bonaventure Hotel. The movie focuses mainly on the struggle between the yellow and blue teams, the adventures of the other three teams are subplots, as well as the situation at Leons apartment. Here, along with his female assistants Candy and Sunshine, Leon monitors the progress of the game, already unpopular with his landlady, Mrs. Grimhaus, for the amount of noise he makes, Leon faces eviction if any of the other tenants complain. Several of them do show up to complain, but as Leon explains the mechanics of the game to them, they become fascinated with it and help run it, much to the annoyance of Grimhaus. The game culminates in a race-to-the-finish at the Westin Bonaventure Hotel where the team ultimately prevails. A huge party consisting of all contestants and game control follows, Teams are made up of characters who are broad stereotypes. They wear matching sweatshirts, and ride in vehicles that also match their team color, the members of the Yellow Team are all friendly and kind, they play fair and are the main heroes of the film. The yellow team are led by the protagonist Adam, partway through the game, they add an additional member, Adams troubled younger brother Scott, who acts out to get Adams attention. They also force the shy Flynch, whom Adam has been counseling, also on the team are Laura, Adams love interest, and Marvin, another friend of Adams
37.
Class of 1984
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Class of 1984 is a 1982 Canadian-American action crime thriller film directed by Mark Lester and co-written by Tom Holland and John Saxton based on a story by Holland. The film stars Perry King, Merrie Lynn Ross, Timothy Van Patten, Stefan Arngrim, Michael J. Fox, the film utilized the punk look and image that was becoming part of popular culture in the early 1980s. The theme song, I Am the Future, was performed by Alice Cooper, the film also features a performance by Canadian punk band Teenage Head. The film begins with a warning that it is based on true events and this warning, however, is to state the film is a social commentary, and not a story based on historic events. Andrew Norris is the new teacher at a troubled inner city school. As he arrives on his first day, he meets fellow teacher Terry Corrigan who is carrying a gun, when Norris asks about the firearm, Corrigan assures the new teacher that he will soon know why such protection is necessary. When they enter the school, Norris is shocked to see everyone scanned by metal detectors and he spots a student with a knife, but the security guards let the kid go because they are so overworked. The halls of the school are covered with graffiti, Norris learns that he is expected to patrol the halls as a security guard during his off periods. In his first class, a group of kids who are not registered in band are roughhousing and causing trouble. The leader of the gang is Peter Stegman and they quiet down enough to let Norris try to run the class where some kids genuinely want to learn, like Arthur who plays trumpet and Deneen who plays clarinet. As Norris gets to know the school and the area, he decides that he wants to put together an orchestra with his advanced students. The film follows Stegmans gang as they sell drugs, run a strip club and they follow Norris home and taunt him one night. At school, Norris is confronted with more and more evidence of Stegmans crimes, the two grow increasingly at odds. Eventually, they wind up in a bathroom alone together, Stegman throws himself into a mirror and beats himself up before claiming that Norris attacked him. Trying to clear things up, Norris visits Stegmans mother at home, frustrated when Stegman still plays the victim and his mother will not hear Norris out, he hotwires Stegmans car and drives it into a wall. The film climaxes as Norris orchestra is about to give its first concert, as his wife gets ready at home, Stegmans gang breaks into the house and gang rapes her. One of them takes a Polaroid of her being raped and has it delivered to Norris on the podium, horrified by the photo, Norris runs off the podium in pursuit of Stegmans gang. The remainder of the film depicts Norris and the gang chasing each other through the school, Norris kills them off one by one, and he finally confronts Stegman on the roof
38.
NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
39.
Jimmy Fallon
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James Thomas Jimmy Fallon is an American comedian, television host, actor, singer, writer, and producer. He is known for his work in television as a cast member on Saturday Night Live and he was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York. He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue stand-up opportunities and he was commissioned to join NBCs Saturday Night Live as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream. Fallon remained on SNL for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the programs Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process and he left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as Taxi and Fever Pitch. Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of Late Night with Jimmy Fallon on NBC in 2009 and he moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running The Tonight Show in 2014. In addition to his work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and three books. Fallon was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, New York, Fallons patrilineal ancestry originates with his great-great-grandparents, Thomas Fallon, who was from County Galway, Ireland, and Louisa Stickever. In preparation, the family relocated nearby to Saugerties, New York, Fallon has described his childhood as idyllic, while his parents have been noted as overprotective. He and his sister, Gloria, were unable to leave their home, Fallon attended St. Mary of the Snow, a Roman Catholic elementary school in Saugerties. He considered being a priest, inspired by his experiences as an altar boy and he became more interested in comedy instead. He spent many nights recording the radio program The Dr. Demento Show on a reel-to-reel recorder, Fallon developed an obsession with the late-night comedy program Saturday Night Live as a teenager, watching it religiously. He grew up watching the show, viewing the clean parts that his parents taped for him and he and Gloria would re-enact sketches like The Festrunk Brothers with friends. Fallon was such a fan that he made an event of watching the show in his dormitory during college. In his teens, he impressed his parents with different impersonations, including actor James Cagney and he was also musically inclined, and started playing guitar at age thirteen. He would go on to comedy and music in contests. By his junior years, he was labeled a class clown, to his teachers disdain. At Saugerties High School, from which he graduated in 1992, he was a performer in most stage productions and he won a young comedians contest with an impression of Pee-wee Herman. He then attended The College of Saint Rose in Albany, New York, in May 2009,14 years after he left college a semester early to pursue a comedy career, he was back to receive his Bachelor of Arts in communications
40.
Matthew Broderick
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Matthew Broderick is an American actor and singer. Broderick has won two Tony Awards, one for Best Featured Actor in a Play for Brighton Beach Memoirs and he was also nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical for his role in The Producers, but lost to his co-star Nathan Lane. As of 2016, Broderick is the youngest winner of the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play. Broderick was born in Manhattan, New York, the son of Patricia, a playwright, actress, and painter, and James Broderick and his father was a Catholic of Irish, and some English, descent. Broderick attended grade school at City and Country School and high school at Walden School, Brodericks first major acting role came in an HB Studio workshop production of playwright Horton Footes On Valentines Day, playing opposite his father, who was a friend of Footes. Broderick commented on the effects of that review in a 200460 Minutes II interview, Before I knew it, and suddenly, all these doors opened. And its only because Mel Gussow happened to come by right before it closed and happened to like it, all these things have to line up that are out of your control. He followed that with the role of Eugene Morris Jerome in the Neil Simon Eugene Trilogy including the plays, Brighton Beach Memoirs and his first film role was also written by Neil Simon. Broderick debuted in Max Dugan Returns and his first big hit film was WarGames, a summer hit in 1983, in which he played the main role of David Lightman, a Seattle teen hacker. This was followed by the role of Philippe Gaston in Ladyhawke, Broderick then won the role of the charming, clever slacker in the 1986 film Ferris Buellers Day Off. At the age of 23, Broderick played a school student who, with his girlfriend and best friend, plays hooky. The film remains a 1980s comedy favorite today, and is one of Brodericks best known roles. ), also in 1987, he played Air Force research assistant Jimmy Garrett in Project X. In 1988, Broderick played Harvey Fiersteins gay lover, Alan, in the 1989 film Glory, he received favorable reviews for his portrayal of the American Civil War officer Robert Gould Shaw, whom Broderick incidentally physically resembled at the time. He won recognition for two dark comedy roles, the first was that of a bachelor in The Cable Guy with Jim Carrey. The second was that of a school teacher in Alexander Paynes Election with Reese Witherspoon. In the latter production, he played Leopold Leo Bloom, an accountant who co-produces a musical designed to fail, Broderick reprised the role in the 2005 film adaptation of the same name. Broderick was reunited with his co-star from The Lion King and The Producers, Nathan Lane, in The Odd Couple and he appeared on Broadway as a college professor in The Philanthropist, running April 10 through June 28,2009. He returned to the Broadway stage in Spring 2012, to star in the musical Nice Work If You Can Get It, Broderick met actress Sarah Jessica Parker through her brother
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