1.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
2.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year
3.
Laverne & Shirley
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Laverne & Shirley is an American sitcom that ran on ABC from January 27,1976, to May 10,1983. It starred Penny Marshall as Laverne DeFazio and Cindy Williams as Shirley Feeney, the show was a spin-off from Happy Days, as the two lead characters were originally introduced on that series as acquaintances of Fonzie. Set in roughly the time period, the timeline started in approximately 1958, when the series began, through 1967. As with Happy Days, it was made by Paramount Television, created by Garry Marshall, and executive produced by Garry Marshall, Edward K. Milkis, and Thomas L. Miller. At the start of episode, Laverne and Shirley are skipping down a Milwaukee street, arm in arm. Hasenpfeffer Incorporated, which leads into the series theme song titled Making Our Dreams Come True. The hopscotch chant is from Penny Marshalls childhood, in seasons six and seven, the intro features Laverne and Shirley exiting their apartment building, but still reciting their original chant, and then a re-recorded version of the theme song is played. During the final season, it opens with a group of performing the chant. For the first five seasons, from 1976 to 1980, the show was set in Milwaukee, also included in the show are Lavernes father, Frank DeFazio, proprietor of the Pizza Bowl, and Edna Babish, the apartment buildings landlady, who would later marry Frank. Shirley maintained an off-again on-again romance with dancer/singer/boxer Carmine Ragusa, during this period, characters from Happy Days and Laverne & Shirley would make occasional guest appearances on each others shows. During the fifth season, the girls went into the Army, Michael McKean and David Lander created the characters of Lenny and Squiggy while both were theater students at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Lander told an interviewer in 2006 that they created the characters high on marijuana. After graduating, they continued to perform the characters in comedy routines before joining the shows cast. For the fifth season in 1980, Laverne and Shirley and their friends all moved from Milwaukee to Burbank, the girls took jobs at a department store, Frank and Edna managed a Texas BBQ restaurant, and Carmine delivered singing telegrams and sought work as an actor. From this point until the end of the run, Laverne & Shirley was set in the mid-1960s. In one of the shots in the new opening sequence. With each season, a new year passed in the timeline of the show, starting with 1965 in the 1980–81 season, in March 1982, Cindy Williams became pregnant with her first child. In May, Williams and her manager-husband Bill Hudson presented a list of demands to accommodate her pregnancy and pending child birth, in August, two episodes into production of the series eighth season, Williams left the show and filed a $20 million lawsuit against Paramount
4.
Saturday Night Live
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Saturday Night Live is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11,1975, under the original title NBCs Saturday Night, the shows comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest and features performances by a musical guest, an episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, Live from New York, its Saturday Night. In 1980, Michaels left the series to other opportunities. He was replaced by Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season of bad reviews, Ebersol ran the show until 1985, when Michaels returned, Michaels has remained since then. Many of SNLs cast found national stardom while appearing on the show, others associated with the show, such as writers, have gone on to successful careers creating, writing, or starring in TV and film. The show format has developed and recreated in several countries. Successful sketches have seen life outside of the show as feature films, throughout four decades on air, Saturday Night Live has received a number of awards, including 50 Primetime Emmy Awards, two Peabody Awards, and three Writers Guild of America Awards. In 2000, it was inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame and it was ranked tenth in TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time list, and in 2007 it was listed as one of Time magazines 100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME. As of 2012, it has received 156 Emmy nominations, the most received by any TV show, the live aspect of the show has resulted in several controversies and acts of censorship, with mistakes and intentional acts of sabotage by performers as well as guests. From 1965 until September 1975, NBC ran The Best of Carson reruns of The Tonight Show, in 1974, Johnny Carson announced that he wanted the weekend shows pulled and saved so that they could be aired during weeknights, allowing him to take time off. In 1974, NBC president Herbert Schlosser approached his vice president of late night programming, Dick Ebersol, at the suggestion of Paramount Pictures executive Barry Diller, Schlosser and Ebersol then approached Lorne Michaels. Over the next three weeks, Ebersol and Michaels developed the idea for a variety show featuring high-concept comedy sketches, political satire. By 1975 Michaels had assembled a talented cast, including Dan Aykroyd, John Belushi, Chevy Chase, Jane Curtin, Garrett Morris, Laraine Newman, Michael ODonoghue, Gilda Radner, and George Coe. The show was originally called NBCs Saturday Night, because Saturday Night Live was in use by Saturday Night Live with Howard Cosell on the rival network ABC, NBC purchased the rights to the name in 1976 and officially adopted the new title on March 26,1977. In 1975 and 1976, they were the most desirable demographic for television advertisers, NBC executives agreed with Michaels and decided to keep the show on the air despite many angry letters and phone calls that the network received from viewers who were offended by certain sketches. Chevy Chase left the show in November of the season and was replaced a few months later by the then-unknown comic actor Bill Murray. Aykroyd and Belushi left the show in 1979 after the end of season four, in May 1980, Michaels—emotionally and physically exhausted—requested to put the show on hiatus for a year to give him time and energy to pursue other projects
5.
Christopher Guest
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Guest is most widely known in Hollywood for having written, directed and starred in his series of comedy films shot in mock-documentary style. Scenes and character backgrounds in Guests films are written, but actors have no rehearsal time, the series of films began with This Is Spinal Tap, and continued with Waiting for Guffman, Best In Show, A Mighty Wind, For Your Consideration, and Mascots. He holds a hereditary British peerage as the 5th Baron Haden-Guest, though he was initially active in the Lords, his career there was cut short by the House of Lords Act 1999, which removed the right of most hereditary peers to a seat in the parliament. When using his title, he is styled as Lord Haden-Guest. Guest is married to the actress and author Jamie Lee Curtis, Guests paternal grandfather, Leslie, Baron Haden-Guest, was a Labour Party politician, who was a convert to Judaism. Guests maternal grandparents were Jewish immigrants from Russia, both of Guests parents had become atheists, and Guest had no religious upbringing. Nearly a decade before he was born, his uncle, David Guest, Guest spent parts of his childhood in his fathers native United Kingdom. He attended The High School of Music & Art, studying music at the Stockbridge School in Interlaken. He later took up the mandolin, became interested in music, and played guitar with Arlo Guthrie. Guest later began performing with bluegrass bands until he took up rock, Guest studied acting at New York Universitys Graduate Acting Program at the Tisch School of the Arts, graduating in 1971. C. in November 1971. Guest continued with the production when it moved to Broadway in 1972, the following year he began making contributions to The National Lampoon Radio Hour for a variety of National Lampoon audio recordings. He both performed comic characters and wrote, arranged and performed numerous musical parodies and he was featured alongside Chevy Chase and John Belushi in the Off-Broadway revue National Lampoons Lemmings. Two of his earliest film roles were small parts as uniformed officers in the 1972 film The Hot Rock. Guests biggest role of the first two decades of his career is likely that of Nigel Tufnel in the 1984 Rob Reiner film This Is Spinal Tap, Guest made his first appearance as Tufnel on the 1978 sketch comedy program The TV Show. Along with Martin Short, Billy Crystal and Harry Shearer, Guest was hired as a one-year only cast member for the 1984–85 season on NBCs Saturday Night Live. He also experimented behind the camera with pre-filmed sketches, notably directing a short starring Shearer. In another short film from SNL, Guest and Crystal appear as retired Negro league baseball players, The Rooster and he appeared as Count Rugen in The Princess Bride. He had a role as the first customer, a pedestrian, in the 1986 musical remake of The Little Shop of Horrors
6.
Spinal Tap (band)
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Spinal Tap is a parody band spoofing the style of British heavy metal groups. The band first appeared on a 1979 ABC TV sketch comedy pilot called The T. V. Show, starring Rob Reiner. The sketch, actually a promotional video for the song Rock and Roll Nightmare, was written by Reiner and the band. Later the band became the subject of the 1984 rockumentary/mockumentary film This Is Spinal Tap. The band members are portrayed by Michael McKean, Christopher Guest and this Is Spinal Tap was accompanied by a soundtrack album of the same name. In the years following the release, the actors have portrayed the band members at concerts. Support at Wembley Arena came from the same trios fictitious folk music band The Folksmen, although the 1984 film portrays the band hailing from the United Kingdom, all three actors who play the principal band members were actually born in the United States. Fans of Spinal Tap have assembled details about the band based on film, albums, concerts, and related promotional material, including a discography. Additionally, it is claimed that police described one of the deaths as a mystery best left unsolved, Spinal Tap reunited in 1992 for Break Like the Wind, an album produced in part by T‑Bone Burnett, an accomplished musician and record producer. The band also released the single Bitch School, on July 1,1992, Tap crossed five time zones for three performances in St. Johns, Newfoundland, Barrie, Ontario, and Vancouver, British Columbia, for MuchMusic and Molsons Great Canadian Party. For each performance of Stonehenge, the miniature monument prop was delivered on stage in a courier envelope, in 2000 the band launched a web site named Tapster where their song Back from the Dead was made available for download. Tapster was a parody of Napster, a file sharing network. In 2001, the band reunited for the nine-city Back from the Dead Tour that began on June 1,2001, the tour included a show at Carnegie Hall in New York City and ended in Montreal in mid-July at the Just for Laughs festival. The opening act for some of these shows were The Folksmen, the folk trio seen in the film A Mighty Wind, and also performed by Guest, McKean, in 2007, Tap reunited again, this time to help combat global warming. Theyre not that environmentally conscious, but theyve heard of global warming, Nigel thought it was just because he was wearing too much clothing – that if he just took his jacket off it would be cooler. This reunion also included the release of a new song called Warmer Than Hell, the band played on the London leg of the SOS/Live Earth concert series, and Rob Reiner has directed a short film which was released on the Live Earth website on April 27. The film reveals that Nigel Tufnel is now working as a farm looking after miniature horses. David St Hubbins is currently working as a producer and Derek Smalls is in rehab for being addicted to the Internet
7.
This Is Spinal Tap
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This Is Spinal Tap is a 1984 American rock music mockumentary comedy film written, scored by, and starring Rob Reiner, Christopher Guest, Michael McKean and Harry Shearer. The film portrays the fictional British heavy metal band Spinal Tap, Reiner and the three main actors are credited as the writers of the movie because they ad libbed much of the dialogue. Several dozen hours of footage were filmed before Reiner edited it to the released movie, the three main members of Spinal Tap—David St. Hubbins, Derek Smalls and Nigel Tufnel—are played by actors McKean, Shearer, and Guest, respectively. The three actors play their instruments and speak with mock English accents throughout the movie. Reiner appears as Marty Di Bergi, the maker of the documentary, other actors in the movie are Tony Hendra as group manager Ian Faith, and June Chadwick as St. Hubbins interfering girlfriend Jeanine. In 2002, This Is Spinal Tap was deemed culturally, historically and this is Spinal Tap is presented as a serious rock documentary, purportedly filmed and directed by the fictional Marty Di Bergi. The band was started by friends, David St. Hubbins and Nigel Tufnel. They changed their name again to Spinal Tap and enjoyed limited success with the flower power anthem Listen to the Flower People, ultimately, the band became successful with heavy metal and produced several albums. Di Bergis interviews with St. Hubbins and Tufnel reveal that they are competent composers and musicians, Tufnel can only reply, These go to eleven. Tufnel later plays a somber quasi-classical music composition on piano for Di Bergi, claiming it to be a Mach piece, as the tour starts, concert appearances are repeatedly canceled because of low ticket sales. Tensions continue to increase when several major retailers refuse to sell Smell the Glove because of its sexist cover art, the bands distributor, Polymer Records, opts to release Smell the Glove with an entirely black cover without consulting the band. The album fails to draw crowds to autograph sessions with the band, however, Tufnel, rushing a sketch on a napkin, mislabels its dimensions, using a double prime symbol instead of single prime. The resulting prop, seen for the first time by the group during a show, is only 18 inches high, the group accuses Faith of mismanagement, and when St. Hubbins suggests Jeanine should co-manage the group, Faith quits in disgust. The tour continues, rescheduled into smaller and smaller venues, Tufnel becomes marginalized by Jeanine and St. Hubbins. At their next gig Tufnel is upset by an equipment malfunction, in their next gig, in an amphitheater at an amusement park in Stockton, California, they find that Nigels absence severely limits their repertoire. They are forced to improvise a fusion-esque, experimental song entitled Jazz Odyssey and he then tells St. Hubbins that Faith would like to arrange a new tour in that country. St. Hubbins is initially cool to the idea, but later on during their show, St. Hubbins convinces Tufnel to join them on stage and this Is Spinal Tap was only a modest success upon its initial release. However, the film found success, and a cult following
8.
A Mighty Wind
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A Mighty Wind is a 2003 American mockumentary comedy film about a folk music reunion concert in which three folk bands reunite for a television performance for the first time in decades. The film was directed, co-written and composed by Christopher Guest, the film is widely acknowledged to reference the 2003 tribute concert to folk music producer Harold Leventhal that reunited several of the folk groups that Leventhal had managed. More broadly, the film is a parody of the American folk music revival of the early 1960s, Guest co-stars and reunites many of his company of actors from This Is Spinal Tap, Waiting for Guffman, and Best in Show for this film. They include Eugene Levy, Catherine OHara, Michael McKean, Harry Shearer, Fred Willard, Bob Balaban, Ed Begley, Jr. Jennifer Coolidge, John Michael Higgins, Jane Lynch and Parker Posey. Several characters in the film originated in a written by Guest for Saturday Night Live in 1984. Shearer, Guest, and McKean appeared as The Folksmen on Saturday Night Live, in the movie This is Spinal Tap, and occasionally on concert stages. J. A Kiss at the End of the Rainbow, which was composed for the film by McKean, the film is structured as mockumentary about a memorial concert for folk music producer Irving Steinbloom. Upon his death, his children organize a concert, which hope to feature his three most famous acts, The Folksmen, The New Main Street Singers, and Mitch & Mickey. The Folksmen trio — Mark Shubb, Alan Barrows, and Jerry Palter — were once the most popular of the acts but have not appeared together in decades and they had several minor hits, and their most famous song was Old Joes Place. Despite not playing or seeing each other for years, their reunion is a very positive affair as the Folksmen give each other big hugs and are happy to see one another. The New Main Street Singers are the generation of the original Main Street Singers, formed by George Menschell. Menschell sings and holds a guitar he cannot play, performers include Terry Bohner and his wife Laurie Bohner. Laurie, an adult film star, and her husband are founders of Witches in Natures Colors. Another member is Sissy Knox, a juvenile delinquent and daughter of one of the original Main Street Singers. They are managed by Mike LaFontaine, whose fifteen minutes of fame came by way of a failed 1970s sitcom, the show lasted for less than one season and has largely been forgotten, but LaFontaine is constantly quoting the titular tagline to the puzzlement of others. The group, which is entirely white, includes one Filipino American member, Mike Maryama. Mitch Cohen and Mickey Crabbe comprised Mitch & Mickey, a couple that released seven albums until their dramatic break-up years before the setting of the film. Mickey seemingly moved on and has married a medical supply salesman and their most famous song was A Kiss at the End of the Rainbow, at the end of which the pair would actually kiss on stage
9.
Better Call Saul
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Better Call Saul is an American television crime drama series created by Vince Gilligan and Peter Gould. It is a prequel of Gilligans prior series Breaking Bad. The first season, which premiered on AMC on February 8,2015, the shows 10-episode second season premiered on February 15,2016. The series has been renewed for a 10-episode third season, which will premiere April 10,2017, like its predecessor, Better Call Saul has received critical acclaim. The series premiere held the record for the scripted series premiere in basic cable history at the time of its airing. In July 2012, Breaking Bad creator Vince Gilligan hinted at a possible spin-off about Saul Goodman, in April 2013, the series was confirmed to be in development by Gilligan and Gould, the latter wrote the Breaking Bad episode that introduced the character. Bob Odenkirk stars as lawyer Jimmy McGill, in January 2014, it was announced that Jonathan Banks would reprise his Breaking Bad role as Mike Ehrmantraut and be a series regular. Aaron Paul announced having had serious talks with Gilligan for possible guest appearances, dean Norris, another Breaking Bad alumnus, announced that he would not be appearing, partly due to his involvement in the CBS series Under the Dome. Anna Gunn also mentioned a talk with Gilligan over possible guest appearances, Michael McKean was cast as McGills elder brother Chuck, having previously guest-starred in an episode of Odenkirks Mr. Show and Gilligans X-Files episode Dreamland. The cast also includes Patrick Fabian as Howard Hamlin, Rhea Seehorn as Kim Wexler, in October 2014, Kerry Condon was cast as Stacey Ehrmantraut, Mikes daughter-in-law. In November 2014, it was announced that Julie Ann Emery and Jeremy Shamos had been cast as Betsy and Craig Kettleman, by July 2013, the series had yet to be green-lighted. Netflix was one of many interested distributors, but ultimately a deal was made between AMC and Breaking Bad production company Sony Pictures Television, Gilligan and Gould serve as co-showrunners and Gilligan directed the pilot. Former Breaking Bad writers Thomas Schnauz and Gennifer Hutchison joined the staff, with Schnauz serving as co-executive producer. Also on the staff are Bradley Paul, and Gordon Smith. In developing the series, the producers considered making the show a half-hour comedy, in October 2014, Odenkirk called the show 85 percent drama,15 percent comedy. Better Call Saul also employs Breaking Bads signature time jumps, as filming began on June 2,2014, Gilligan expressed some concern regarding the possible disappointment from the series turnout, in terms of audience reception. On June 19,2014, AMC announced it had renewed the series for a season of 13 episodes to premiere in early 2016, however. The first teaser trailer debuted on AMC on August 10,2014, in May 2015, Gilligan confirmed that more of the prominent characters from Breaking Bad would be making guest appearances in season 2, but remained vague on which characters were likely to be seen
10.
Saul Goodman
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James Morgan Jimmy McGill, Esq. also known by the trade name Saul Goodman, is a fictional character in Breaking Bad and the title character of its spin-off series Better Call Saul. He is portrayed by Bob Odenkirk and was created by series creator Vince Gilligan and Peter Gould, throughout Breaking Bad, he acts as Walter White and Jesse Pinkmans attorney and accomplice. His made-up name is a play on words to better attract clients, Sall good and he is also known for his low-budget television commercials and print advertisements in Albuquerque, wherein he advertises mainly under the tagline Better Call Saul. For the first and second seasons of Better Call Saul, Odenkirk was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series as well as a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor. Chuck got Jimmy a job in the room of his law firm, Hamlin, Hamlin and McGill, alongside future lawyer. Jimmy got a law degree from the University of American Samoa, and passed the bar exam. At the beginning of Better Call Saul, Jimmy was a public defender representing obviously guilty clients in the Albuquerque court system. Jimmy also took care of Chuck, who was housebound by sudden onset of severe phobic behavior. He first used his con artist skills in law practice by enlisting two twin con artists to accidentally get hit by a car, after which Jimmy would happen to be driving past and save the driver. The twins mistakenly targeted a car driven by the grandmother of drug kingpin Tuco Salamanca, which led to Tuco taking Jimmy, Jimmy exacted revenge upon Howard by buying advertising space for his own practice on a billboard, copying HHMs branding. HHM served a cease and desist order on Jimmy, and Jimmy organized a publicity stunt while the billboard was being taken down. The stunt got Jimmy new clients, one of whom was an elderly woman, Mike Ehrmantraut hired Jimmy to spill coffee on a detective during questioning so that Mike could steal his notebook. As Jimmy began developing a law practice, he learned that the nursing home provider Sandpiper Crossing was systematically overcharging its residents. Jimmy involved Chuck in developing a class action case against Sandpiper, Jimmy returned to Cicero and spent a week pulling scams with his former partner-in-crime Marco Pasternak. Marco died of an attack during one last con, and with his dying breath. After receiving Marcos gold ring and remembering his last words, Jimmy ultimately decided that he no longer obliged to do the right thing. After the Cicero trip, Jimmy closed down his law practice, however, due in large part to his interest in Kim, he returned to law practice as an associate with Davis & Main, a prestigious Santa Fe law firm involved in the Sandpiper case alongside HHM. Jimmy was put in charge of client outreach for the Sandpiper case, when called on the potential legal issues by both Chuck and Kim, Jimmy resorted to filming a targeted TV commercial and airing it on a test basis without permission from his firm
11.
AMC (TV channel)
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AMC is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by AMC Networks. The channels programming, similar to that of FXM, primarily consists of released films. The channels name originally stood for American Movie Classics, but since 2002 the full name has been de-emphasized as a result of a shift in its programming. As of July 2015, AMC was received by approximately 94,832,000 households in the United States that subscribe to a pay television service. In March 2015, Dish Networks Sling TV announced it would begin making AMC channels available to cord cutters, including AMC, BBC America, IFC, SundanceTV. American Movie Classics, as AMC was originally known, debuted on October 1,1984 as a premium channel, AMC was originally operated as a joint venture between Rainbow Media and cable television provider Tele-Communications Inc. During its early years, it was not uncommon for AMC to host a marathon of Marx Brothers films, in 1987, the channel began to be carried on the basic cable tiers of many cable providers. By 1989, AMC was available to 39 million subscribers in the U. S, on December 1,1990, AMC began operating on a 24-hour-a-day schedule. Beginning in 1993, AMC presented an annual Film Preservation Festival to raise awareness of, portions of the festival were often dedicated to all-day marathons focusing on a single performer. During its fifth year in 1998, Scorsese credited the Festival for creating not only a greater awareness. In 1996, curator of the Museum of Modern Art Mary Lee Bandy called the Festival the most important public event in support of film preservation. By its tenth anniversary in 2003, the Festival had raised $2 million from the general public, the following year, Time Warner also attempted to acquire at least part of Liberty Medias stake in AMC. Turner owns rights to the RKO Radio Pictures film library and licensed RKOs films to AMC in a deal that was slated to last through 2004. Under the terms of the deal, AMC would obtain the RKO titles in exclusive windows, around this time, General Electric/NBC owned a stake in AMC – which it divested in the early 2000s. From 1996 to 1998, AMC aired its first original series, Remember WENN, the show was well received by both critics and its enthusiastic fans, but was abruptly cancelled after its fourth season following management changes at the channel. Despite a well publicized campaign to save the series, the show was not renewed for its originally scheduled fifth season. One popular AMC program was American Pop. which ran from 1998 to 2003, the majority of the films presented on AMC during the 1990s had originally been released by Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, Columbia Pictures, and Universal Studios. The channel also showed classic silent films
12.
Decca Records
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Decca Records began as a British record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis. Its U. S. label was established in late 1934 by Lewis along with American Deccas first president Jack Kapp and later American Decca president Milton Rackmil. In 1937, as a result of anticipating Nazi aggression leading to World War II, Lewis sold American Decca, the British label was renowned for its development of recording methods, while the American company developed the concept of cast albums in the musical genre. Both wings are now part of the Universal Music Group, which is owned by Vivendi, the US Decca label was the foundation company that evolved into UMG. The name Decca was coined by Wilfred S. Samuel by merging the word Mecca with the initial D of their logo Dulcet or their trademark Dulcephone, Samuel, a linguist, chose Decca as a brand name as it was easy to pronounce in most languages. The name dates back to a gramophone called the Decca Dulcephone patented in 1914 by musical instrument makers Barnett Samuel. That company was renamed the Decca Gramophone Co. Ltd. Within years, Decca Records Ltd. was the second largest record label in the world, Decca bought the UK branch of Brunswick Records and continued to run it under that name. In the 1950s the American Decca studios were located in the Pythian Temple in New York City, in classical music, Decca had a long way to go from its modest beginnings to catch up with the established HMV and Columbia labels. The pre-war classical repertoire on Decca was not extensive, but was select, heinrich Schlusnus made important pre-war lieder recordings for Decca. John Culshaw, who joined Decca in 1946 in a junior post and he revolutionised recording – of opera, in particular. Hitherto, the practice had been to put microphones in front of the performers, Culshaw was determined to make recordings that would be a theatre of the mind, making the listeners experience at home not second best to being in the opera house, but a wholly different experience. To that end he got the singers to move about in the studio as they would onstage, used sound effects and different acoustics. His skill, coupled with Decca engineering, took Decca into the first flight of recording companies and his pioneering recording of Wagners Der Ring des Nibelungen conducted by Georg Solti was a huge artistic and commercial success. In the wake of Deccas lead, artists such as Herbert von Karajan, Joan Sutherland, however, Culshaw was, strictly speaking, not the first to do this. Far from being a mere rendering of the score, the 3-LP album set used sound effects to recreate the production as if the listener were watching a stage performance of the work. Until 1947, American Decca issued British Decca classical music recordings, afterwards, British Decca took over distribution through its new American subsidiary London Records. American Decca actively re-entered the classical music field in 1950 with distribution deals from Deutsche Grammophon, American Decca began issuing its own classical music recordings in 1956 when Israel Horowitz joined Decca to head its classical music operations
13.
Sea Cliff, New York
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The Incorporated Village of Sea Cliff is a village located within the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, New York. As of the United States 2010 Census, the population was 4,995. The village is part of the North Shore School District, Sea Cliff is located at 40°50′47″N 73°38′40″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has an area of 2.0 square miles. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6. 8% of the population, as of the census of 2000, there were 5,066 people,2,013 households, and 1,356 families residing in the village. The population density was 4,655.1 people per square mile, there were 2,082 housing units at an average density of 1,913.1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 94. 83% White,1. 68% African American,0. 10% Native American,1. 22% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 95% from other races, and 1. 20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4. 76% of the population,26. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the family size was 3.06. In the village, the population was out with 24. 1% under the age of 18,4. 6% from 18 to 24,27. 9% from 25 to 44,27. 8% from 45 to 64. The median age was 42 years, for every 100 females there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males, the median income for a household in the village was $78,501, and the median income for a family was $100,576. Males had an income of $65,469 versus $41,146 for females. The per capita income for the village was $41,707, about 2. 1% of families and 2. 8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0. 7% of those under age 18 and 10. 6% of those age 65 or over. Several buildings in Sea Cliff, mostly Victorian houses, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, media related to Sea Cliff, New York at Wikimedia Commons seacliff-ny. gov—official website of the village
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Long Island
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Long Island is an island located just off the northeast coast of the United States and a region within the U. S. state of New York. Stretching east-northeast from New York Harbor into the Atlantic Ocean, the island comprises four counties, Kings and Queens to the west, then Nassau, more generally, Long Island may also refer collectively both to the main Island as well as its nearby, surrounding outer barrier islands. North of the island is the Long Island Sound, across from which lie the states of Connecticut, across the Sound, to the northwest, lies Westchester County on mainland New York. To the west, Long Island is separated from the Bronx and the island of Manhattan by the East River. To the extreme southwest, it is separated from the New York City borough of Staten Island and the U. S. state of New Jersey by Upper New York Bay, the Narrows, to the east lie Block Island and numerous smaller islands. Its population density is 5,595.1 inhabitants per square mile, Long Island is culturally and ethnically diverse. Some of the wealthiest and most expensive neighborhoods in the Western Hemisphere are located on Long Island, nine bridges and 13 tunnels connect Brooklyn and Queens to the three other boroughs of New York City. Ferries connect Suffolk County northward across Long Island Sound to the state of Connecticut, the Long Island Rail Road is the busiest commuter railroad in North America and operates 24/7. At the time of European contact, the Lenape people inhabited the western end of Long Island, giovanni da Verrazzano was the first European to record an encounter with the Lenapes, after entering what is now New York Bay in 1524. In 1609, the English navigator Henry Hudson explored the harbor, adriaen Block followed in 1615 and is credited as the first European to determine that both Manhattan and Long Island are islands. Native American land deeds recorded by the Dutch from 1636 state that the Indians referred to Long Island as Sewanhaka, sewan was one of the terms for wampum, and is also translated as loose or scattered, which may refer either to the wampum or to Long Island. The name t Lange Eylandt alias Matouwacs appears in Dutch maps from the 1650s, later, the English referred to the land as Nassau Island, after the Dutch Prince William of Nassau, Prince of Orange. It is unclear when the name Nassau Island was discontinued, the very first settlements on Long Island were by settlers from England and its colonies in present-day New England. Lion Gardiner settled nearby Gardiners Island, the first settlement on the geographic Long Island itself was on October 21,1640, when Southold was established by the Rev. John Youngs and settlers from New Haven, Connecticut. Peter Hallock, one of the settlers, drew the long straw and was granted the honor to step ashore first and he is considered the first New World settler on Long Island. Southampton was settled in the same year, Hempstead followed in 1644, East Hampton in 1648, Huntington in 1653, and Brookhaven in 1655. While the eastern region of Long Island was first settled by the English, until 1664, the jurisdiction of Long Island was split, roughly at the present border between Nassau County and Suffolk County. The Dutch founded six towns in present-day Brooklyn beginning in 1645 and these included, Brooklyn, Gravesend, Flatlands, Flatbush, New Utrecht, and Bushwick
15.
Irish people
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The Irish people are a nation and ethnic group native to the island of Ireland, who share a common Irish ancestry, identity and culture. Ireland has been inhabited for about 9,000 years according to archaeological studies, for most of Irelands recorded history, the Irish have been primarily a Gaelic people. Today, Ireland is made up of the Republic of Ireland, the people of Northern Ireland hold various national identities, including Irish, Northern Irish, British, or some combination thereof. The Irish have their own customs, language, music, dance, sports, cuisine, although Irish was their main language in the past, today the huge majority of Irish people speak English as their first language. Historically, the Irish nation was made up of kin groups or clans, there have been many notable Irish people throughout history. After Irelands conversion to Christianity, Irish missionaries and scholars exerted great influence on Western Europe, the 6th-century Irish monk and missionary Columbanus is regarded as one of the fathers of Europe, followed by saints Cillian and Fergal. The scientist Robert Boyle is considered the father of chemistry, famous Irish writers include Oscar Wilde, W. B. Yeats, George Bernard Shaw, Bram Stoker and James Joyce, notable Irish explorers include Brendan the Navigator, Robert McClure, Ernest Shackleton and Tom Crean. By some accounts, the first European child born in North America had Irish descent on both sides, many presidents of the United States have had some Irish ancestry. The population of Ireland is about 6.3 million, but it is estimated that 50 to 80 million people around the world have Irish forebears, historically, emigration from Ireland has been the result of conflict, famine and economic issues. People of Irish descent are mainly in English-speaking countries, especially the United Kingdom. There are also significant numbers in Argentina, Mexico and New Zealand, the United States has the most people of Irish descent, while in Australia those of Irish descent are a higher percentage of the population than in any other country. Many Icelanders have Irish and Scottish Gaelic forebears, in its summary of their article Who were the Celts. The National Museum Wales notes It is possible that genetic studies of ancient. However, early studies have, so far, tended to produce implausible conclusions from very small numbers of people and using outdated assumptions about linguistics, nineteenth century anthropology studied the physical characteristics of Irish people in minute detail. During the past 10,000 years of inhabitation, Ireland has witnessed some different peoples arrive on its shores, the ancient peoples of Ireland—such as the creators of the Céide Fields and Newgrange—are almost unknown. Neither their languages nor terms they used to describe themselves have survived, as late as the middle centuries of the 1st millennium the inhabitants of Ireland did not appear to have a collective name for themselves. Ireland itself was known by a number of different names, including Banba, Fódla, Ériu by the islanders, Iouerne and Hiverne to the Greeks, other Latin names for people from Ireland in Classic and Mediaeval sources include Attacotti and Gael
16.
The Left Banke
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The Left Banke is an American baroque pop band, formed in New York City in 1965. They are best remembered for their two US hit singles, Walk Away Renée and Pretty Ballerina, the band often used what the music press referred to as baroque string arrangements, which led to their music being variously termed as Bach-rock or baroque rock. The bands vocal harmonies borrowed from such as The Beatles, The Zombies. In 2004, Rolling Stone Magazine placed Walk Away Renée at #220 in its list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. Browns father, Harry Lookofsky, a well-known session violinist, ran a studio in New York and took an interest in the bands music, after some initial recording sessions, David-Schierhorst was ousted, with Cameron switching to drums and Jeff Winfield on guitar. Browns song, Walk Away Renee, was sold to Smash Records, a subsidiary of Mercury Records, radio and Smash Records ultimately removed their support from the single, which subsequently failed to make the Billboard Hot 100. And Suddenly was eventually recorded by a group called The Cherry People, in late 1967, the group reunited and recorded more material, including the single Desiree. Brown left the group shortly thereafter and was replaced for touring purposes by Emmett Lake. Cameron, Finn and Martin continued to record and tour, with Tom Feher replacing Lake on keyboards, the songs recorded by various incarnations of the group in 1967 and 1968 were assembled into a second LP, The Left Banke Too, which was released in November 1968. This album featured backing vocals by a young Steven Tyler on Nice To See You, My Friend Today, the band continued playing live in 1969, without Martin, but soon disbanded due to lack of success and financial problems. Later that same year, Brown and Martin reunited in the studio to another single as The Left Banke. In 1971, Brown, Cameron, Finn and Martin reunited briefly to two songs for the movie Hot Parts. The songs, Love Songs in the Night and Two by Two, were released as a Steve Martin solo single on Buddah Records, in 1972, producer Les Fradkin offered to produce the group for a project on Bell Records. Although these sessions were not released at the time, one of the songs, I Could Make It Last Forever, composed by Fradkin and it was a rare recording since it featured Caro, Finn, Cameron and Brown, along with Browns father, violinist Harry Lookofsky. Fradkin sang and played 12-string guitar on the sessions, in 1978, Martin, Cameron and Finn reunited as The Left Banke to record an albums worth of material which unfortunately was not released at the time. However, a single from these 1978 sessions, Queen of Paradise, was released in late 1978 with modest success, the album was eventually issued by Relix Records in 1986 under the title Strangers on a Train. However, the album did little to restore the popularity of the group, after leaving The Left Banke in 1967, Michael Brown helped form the band, Montage. Although Brown was never a member of Montage, his presence is unmistakable in its music
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Pittsburgh
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Pittsburgh is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States, and is the county seat of Allegheny County. The city proper has a population of 304,391. The metropolitan population of 2,353,045 is the largest in both the Ohio Valley and Appalachia, the second-largest in Pennsylvania, and the 26th-largest in the U. S. The city features 30 skyscrapers, two inclines, a fortification and the Point State Park at the confluence of the rivers. Aside from steel, Pittsburgh has led in manufacturing of aluminum, glass, shipbuilding, petroleum, foods, sports, transportation, computing, autos, and electronics. For part of the 20th century, Pittsburgh was behind only New York and Chicago in corporate headquarters employment, Americas 1980s deindustrialization laid off area blue-collar workers and thousands of downtown white-collar workers when the longtime Pittsburgh-based world headquarters moved out. The area has served also as the federal agency headquarters for cyber defense, software engineering, robotics, energy research. The area is home to 68 colleges and universities, including research and development leaders Carnegie Mellon University, the region is a hub for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, sustainable energy, and energy extraction. Pittsburgh was named in 1758 by General John Forbes, in honor of British statesman William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham. The current pronunciation, which is unusual in English speaking countries, is almost certainly a result of a printing error in some copies of the City Charter of March 18,1816. The error was repeated commonly enough throughout the rest of the 19th century that the pronunciation was lost. After a public campaign the original spelling was restored by the United States Board on Geographic Names in 1911. The area of the Ohio headwaters was long inhabited by the Shawnee, the first known European to enter the region was the French explorer/trader Robert de La Salle from Quebec during his 1669 expedition down the Ohio River. European pioneers, primarily Dutch, followed in the early 18th century, Michael Bezallion was the first to describe the forks of the Ohio in a 1717 manuscript, and later that year European fur traders established area posts and settlements. In 1749, French soldiers from Quebec launched an expedition to the forks to unite Canada with French Louisiana via the rivers, during 1753–54, the British hastily built Fort Prince George before a larger French force drove them off. The French built Fort Duquesne based on LaSalles 1669 claims, the French and Indian War, the North American front of the Seven Years War, began with the future Pittsburgh as its center. British General Edward Braddock was dispatched with Major George Washington as his aide to take Fort Duquesne, the British and colonial force were defeated at Braddocks Field. General John Forbes finally took the forks in 1758, Forbes began construction on Fort Pitt, named after William Pitt the Elder while the settlement was named Pittsborough
18.
Carnegie Mellon University
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Carnegie Mellon University is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1900 by Andrew Carnegie as the Carnegie Technical Schools, in 1967, the Carnegie Institute of Technology merged with the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research to form Carnegie Mellon University. The universitys 140-acre main campus is 3 miles from Downtown Pittsburgh, john Heinz III College of Information Systems and Public Policy, and the School of Computer Science. The university also has campuses in Qatar and Silicon Valley, with degree-granting programs in six continents, Carnegie Mellon consistently ranks in the top 25 in the national U. S. News & World Report rankings. It is home to the world’s first degree-granting Robotics and Drama programs, the university spent $242 million on research in 2015. Carnegie Mellon counts 13,650 students from 114 countries, over 100,000 living alumni, Carnegies vision was to open a vocational training school for the sons and daughters of working-class Pittsburghers. Carnegie was inspired for the design of his school by the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, in 1912 the institution changed its name to Carnegie Institute of Technology and began offering four-year degrees. The Mellon Institute of Industrial Research was founded in 1913 by banker and industrialist brothers Andrew, Mellon in honor of their father, Thomas Mellon, the patriarch of the Mellon family. The Institute began as an organization which performed work for government. In 1927, the Mellon Institute incorporated as an independent nonprofit, in 1938, the Mellon Institutes iconic building was completed and it moved to its new, and current, location on Fifth Avenue. In 1967, with support from Paul Mellon, Carnegie Tech merged with the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research to become Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellons coordinate womens college, the Margaret Morrison Carnegie College closed in 1973 and merged its academic programs with the rest of the university. The industrial research mission of the Mellon Institute survived the merger as the Carnegie Mellon Research Institute and continued doing work on contract to industry, CMRI closed in 2001 and its programs were subsumed by other parts of the university or spun off into independent entities. Carnegie Mellons 140-acre main campus is three miles from downtown Pittsburgh, between Schenley Park and the Squirrel Hill, Shadyside, and Oakland neighborhoods, Carnegie Mellon is bordered to the west by the campus of the University of Pittsburgh. Carnegie Mellon owns 81 buildings in the Oakland and Squirrel Hill neighborhoods of Pittsburgh, for decades the center of student life on campus was Skibo Hall, the Universitys student union. Built in the 1950s, Skibo Halls design was typical of Mid-Century Modern architecture, the original Skibo was razed in the summer of 1994 and replaced by a new student union that is fully wi-fi enabled. Known as University Center, the building was dedicated in 1996, in 2014, Carnegie Mellon re-dedicated the University Center as the Cohon University Center in recognition of the eighth president of the university, Jared Cohon. A large grassy area known as the Cut forms the backbone of the campus, the Cut was formed by filling in a ravine with soil from a nearby hill that was leveled to build the College of Fine Arts building. The northwestern part of the campus was acquired from the United States Bureau of Mines in the 1980s, the sculpture was controversial for its placement, the general lack of input that the campus community had, and its aesthetic appeal
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The Credibility Gap
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The Credibility Gap was a satirical comedy team active from 1968 through 1979. KRLA1110 news director Lew Irwin formed The Credibility Gap in 1968 with his radio colleagues John Gilliland, Thom Beck, Richard Beebe, and folk singer Len Chandler. They took their name from the Vietnam-era term Credibility gap, a euphemism for political dishonesty, in 1968 they released An Album Of Political Pornography for Blue Thumb, consisting of highlights from their radio sketches. Thom Beck left in late 1968, and was replaced by Harry Shearer, then Lew Irwin left a few months later, being replaced by David L. Lander in February,1969. In 1969, The Credibility Gap performed on KRLAs Pop Chronicles music documentary, by this point, Gilliand and Chandler had left, to be replaced by Bob Goodwin. This left Beebe the only member remaining, and as the various professional newsreaders left. Goodman stayed with the group for about a year, but by late 1970, KRLA dropped The Credibility Gaps show in 1970, but Shearer found work as a disc jockey on freeform station KPPC and The Credibility Gap continued their on-air performances there. In 1971, the released the album Woodschtick, consisting of two long pieces that were somewhat in the style of The Firesign Theatre. Also writing and performing on the album was Michael McKean, who would be promoted to full membership after the albums release, guest performers Christopher Ross, Morgan Upton and Albert Brooks would also work with the group during this era. Mark Deming writes of this transition, n late 1968, Thom Beck left the group, joining the Credibility Gap in their absence were Harry Shearer. and David L. Lander. By 1970, Len Chandler and John Gilliland had drifted away from the Credibility Gap, Michael McKean, had joined the team, though the troupes relationship with KRLA had soured and their show had been shrunk from 15 minutes to a mere 180 seconds. However, after Shearer landed a gig as a disc jockey on an FM free form outlet, KPPC, the Credibility Gap found a new home on the station. KPPC-FM fired all of its airstaff, including the members of The Credibility Gap, no longer radio regulars, the group started performing in various clubs and concert venues. They also returned to the studio in 1972 to record a single for Warner Brothers. The Credibility Gap followed up this recording with the 1974 album A Great Gift Idea, McKean and Shearer played guitar and keyboards, respectively, on the album, augmented by members of the band Little Feat. The Credibility Gap continued as an entity through 1979, but after 1976 individual members tended to focus on other projects, as well, selections from their earlier radio material were compiled on 1977s The Bronze Age of Radio. Shearer became a writer/performer on Saturday Night Live in September,1979 and this necessitated Shearers move to New York and essentially brought The Credibility Gaps activities to a close. Three of the members held a reunion at the Museum of Television
20.
Harry Shearer
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Harry Julius Shearer is an American actor, voice actor, comedian, writer, musician, author, radio host, director and producer. He is known for his roles on The Simpsons, his work on Saturday Night Live. Born in Los Angeles, California, Shearer began his career as a child actor, from 1969 to 1976, Shearer was a member of The Credibility Gap, a radio comedy group. Following the breakup of the group, Shearer co-wrote the film Real Life with Albert Brooks and he was a cast member on Saturday Night Live on two occasions, between 1979–80, and 1984–85. Shearer co-created, co-wrote and co-starred in the 1984 film This Is Spinal Tap, a satirical rockumentary, which became a cult hit. Shearer has appeared in films, including A Mighty Wind. Since 1983, Shearer has been the host of the public radio comedy/music program Le Show, a hodgepodge of satirical commentary, music. Shearer has won a Primetime Emmy Award, has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in the radio category and he has been married to singer-songwriter Judith Owen since 1993. He is currently artist in residence at Loyola University, New Orleans, Shearer was born December 23,1943 in Los Angeles, the son of Dora Warren, a book-keeper, and Mack Shearer. His parents were Jewish immigrants from Austria and Poland, starting when Shearer was four years old, he had a piano teacher whose daughter worked as a child actress. The piano teacher later decided to make a change and become a childrens agent. The teacher asked Shearers parents for permission to him to an audition. Several months later, she called Shearers parents and told them that she had gotten Shearer an audition for the radio show The Jack Benny Program, Shearer received the role when he was seven years old. He described Jack Benny as very warm and approachable He was a guy who dug the idea of people on the show getting laughs. Shearer made his debut in the 1953 film Abbott and Costello Go to Mars. Later that year, he made his first big performance in The Robe. Throughout his childhood and teenage years he worked in television, film, in 1957, Shearer played the precursor to the Eddie Haskell character in the pilot episode of the television series Leave It to Beaver. After the filming, Shearers parents said they did not want him to be a regular in a series, instead they wanted him to just do occasional work so that he could have a normal childhood
