Microwave Radiometer (Juno)
Microwave Radiometer (MWR) is an instrument on the Juno orbiter sent to planet Jupiter. MWR is a multi-wavelength microwave radiometer for making observations of Jupiter's deep atmosphere. MWR can observe radiation from 1.37 to 50 cm in wavelength, from 600 MHz to 22 GHz in frequencies. This supports its goal of observing the previously unseen atmospheric features and chemical abundances hundreds of miles or kilometers into Jupiter's atmosphere. MWR is designed to detect six different frequencies in that range using separate antennas.
In this view several white squares of different sizes can be seen on the side of the spacecraft;this side has five of the six MWR antennas. The triangular boom on the right is the Magnetometer (MAG) instrument
The white square is the biggest MWR antenna, and takes up another side of the spacecraft. This antenna is for 600 MHz.
This visualization released by NASA depicts the layers that MWR will observe below the top visible cloud layer
Layers of the Jovian atmosphere and corresponding MWR channels
A microwave radiometer (MWR) is a radiometer that measures energy emitted at one millimeter-to-metre wavelengths (frequencies of 0.3–300 GHz) known as microwaves. Microwave radiometers are very sensitive receivers designed to measure thermally-emitted electromagnetic radiation. They are usually equipped with multiple receiving channels to derive the characteristic emission spectrum of planetary atmospheres, surfaces or extraterrestrial objects. Microwave radiometers are utilized in a variety of environmental and engineering applications, including remote sensing, weather forecasting, climate monitoring, radio astronomy and radio propagation studies.
Humidity and Temperature Profiler (HATPRO-SUNHAT) at the Barbados Clouds Observatory.
Microwave Radiometer calibration performed by employees of Research Center of R&D in Optoelectronics, Magurele (Romania).
Time series from 14 April 2015 for (a) brightness temperatures measured at 7 different frequencies in the K (right) and V (left) bands, (b) retrieved vertically Integrated Water Vapor (IWV) and cloud Liquid Water Path (LWP), (c) temperature profiles from 0 to 5 km, (d) absolute humidity profiles from 0 to 5 km.