The Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland was opened on 5 May 2006 by the Minister of Science and Higher Education, in replacement of several parts of the Ministry of Education and Science. The Minister of Science and Higher Education administers governmental activities in science and higher education and has a budget for scientific research provided by State funds. The Rada Nauki acts together with the Minister, in replacement of the Komitet Badań Naukowych which was closed in 2005. The headquarters of the ministry are located at ulica Wspólna 1/3, Warsaw.

Cabinet of Jarosław Kaczyński was appointed on 14 July 2006 and passed the vote of confidence in Sejm on 19 July 2006.