Mir Syed Jafar Ali Khan Bahadur was a commander-in-chief or military general who reigned as the first dependent Nawab of Bengal of the British East India Company. His reign has been considered by many historians as the start of the expansion of British control of the Indian subcontinent in Indian history and a key step in the eventual British domination of vast areas of pre-partition India.
Mir Jafar (left) and his eldest son, Mir Miran (right).
Jafar and his son Miran delivering the Treaty of 1757 to William Watts
The Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, reviewing the British East India Company's troops, painted in 1781.
Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, meeting with Jafar after Plassey, by Francis Hayman.
The Nawab of Bengal was the hereditary ruler of Bengal Subah in Mughal India. In the early 18th-century, the Nawab of Bengal was the de facto independent ruler of the three regions of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa which constitute the modern-day sovereign country of Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Bihar and Odisha. The Bengal Subah reached it's peak during the reign of Nawab Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan. They are often referred to as the Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. The Nawabs were based in Murshidabad which was centrally located within Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha. Their chief, a former prime minister, became the first Nawab. The Nawabs continued to issue coins in the name of the Mughal Emperor, but for all practical purposes, the Nawabs governed as independent monarchs. Bengal continued to contribute the largest share of funds to the imperial treasury in Delhi. The Nawabs, backed by bankers such as the Jagat Seth, became the financial backbone of the Mughal court.
Dutch East India Company ships in Chittagong harbor, early 18th-century
Robert Clive meets Mir Jafar at the Battle of Plassey in 1757
Hazarduari Palace (Palace of a Thousand Doors) was home to the titular Nawabs of Bengal
Image: Murshid Quli Jafar Khan