United States
The United States of America known as the United States or America, is a country composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area and is smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 327 million people, the U. S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D. C. and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico; the State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean; the U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The diverse geography and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.
Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century; the United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the French and Indian War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776; the war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to gain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, with the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, being ratified in 1791 to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties; the United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century, acquiring new territories, displacing Native American tribes, admitting new states until it spanned the continent by 1848. During the second half of the 19th century, the Civil War led to the abolition of slavery.
By the end of the century, the United States had extended into the Pacific Ocean, its economy, driven in large part by the Industrial Revolution, began to soar. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the country's status as a global military power; the United States emerged from World War II as a global superpower, the first country to develop nuclear weapons, the only country to use them in warfare, a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. Sweeping civil rights legislation, notably the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Fair Housing Act of 1968, outlawed discrimination based on race or color. During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union competed in the Space Race, culminating with the 1969 U. S. Moon landing; the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the world's sole superpower. The United States is the world's oldest surviving federation, it is a representative democracy.
The United States is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States, other international organizations. The United States is a developed country, with the world's largest economy by nominal GDP and second-largest economy by PPP, accounting for a quarter of global GDP; the U. S. economy is post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge-based activities, although the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world. The United States is the world's largest importer and the second largest exporter of goods, by value. Although its population is only 4.3% of the world total, the U. S. holds 31% of the total wealth in the world, the largest share of global wealth concentrated in a single country. Despite wide income and wealth disparities, the United States continues to rank high in measures of socioeconomic performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP, worker productivity.
The United States is the foremost military power in the world, making up a third of global military spending, is a leading political and scientific force internationally. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a world map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America in honor of the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci; the first documentary evidence of the phrase "United States of America" is from a letter dated January 2, 1776, written by Stephen Moylan, Esq. to George Washington's aide-de-camp and Muster-Master General of the Continental Army, Lt. Col. Joseph Reed. Moylan expressed his wish to go "with full and ample powers from the United States of America to Spain" to seek assistance in the revolutionary war effort; the first known publication of the phrase "United States of America" was in an anonymous essay in The Virginia Gazette newspaper in Williamsburg, Virginia, on April 6, 1776. The second draft of the Articles of Confederation, prepared by John Dickinson and completed by June 17, 1776, at the latest, declared "The name of this Confederation shall be the'United States of America'".
The final version of the Articles sent to the states for ratification in late 1777 contains the sentence "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be'The United States of America'". In June 1776, Thomas Jefferson wrote the phrase "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of his "original Rough draught" of the Declaration of Independence; this draft of the document did not surface unti
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, sometimes referred to as Britain, is a sovereign country located off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state, the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world; the Irish Sea lies between Great Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world, it is the 22nd-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017. The UK is constitutional monarchy; the current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 1952, making her the longest-serving current head of state.
The United Kingdom's capital and largest city is London, a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million. Other major urban areas in the UK include Greater Manchester, the West Midlands and West Yorkshire conurbations, Greater Glasgow and the Liverpool Built-up Area; the United Kingdom consists of four constituent countries: England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Edinburgh and Belfast, respectively. Apart from England, the countries have their own devolved governments, each with varying powers, but such power is delegated by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which may enact laws unilaterally altering or abolishing devolution; the nearby Isle of Man, Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the UK, being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation. The medieval conquest and subsequent annexation of Wales by the Kingdom of England, followed by the union between England and Scotland in 1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, the union in 1801 of Great Britain with the Kingdom of Ireland created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. There are fourteen British Overseas Territories, the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, encompassed a quarter of the world's land mass and was the largest empire in history. British influence can be observed in the language and political systems of many of its former colonies; the United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It has a high-income economy and has a high Human Development Index rating, ranking 14th in the world, it was the world's first industrialised country and the world's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The UK remains a great power, with considerable economic, military and political influence internationally, it is sixth in military expenditure in the world. It has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946.
It has been a leading member state of the European Union and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. The United Kingdom is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the Council of Europe, the G7, the G20, NATO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the World Trade Organization; the 1707 Acts of Union declared that the kingdoms of England and Scotland were "United into One Kingdom by the Name of Great Britain". The term "United Kingdom" has been used as a description for the former kingdom of Great Britain, although its official name from 1707 to 1800 was "Great Britain"; the Acts of Union 1800 united the kingdom of Great Britain and the kingdom of Ireland in 1801, forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Following the partition of Ireland and the independence of the Irish Free State in 1922, which left Northern Ireland as the only part of the island of Ireland within the United Kingdom, the name was changed to the "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland".
Although the United Kingdom is a sovereign country, Scotland and Northern Ireland are widely referred to as countries. The UK Prime Minister's website has used the phrase "countries within a country" to describe the United Kingdom; some statistical summaries, such as those for the twelve NUTS 1 regions of the United Kingdom refer to Scotland and Northern Ireland as "regions". Northern Ireland is referred to as a "province". With regard to Northern Ireland, the descriptive name used "can be controversial, with the choice revealing one's political preferences"; the term "Great Britain" conventionally refers to the island of Great Britain, or politically to England and Wales in combination. However, it is sometimes used as a loose synonym for the United Kingdom as a whole; the term "Britain" is used both as a synonym for Great Britain, as a synonym for the United Kingdom. Usage is mixed, with the BBC preferring to use Britain as shorthand only for Great Britain and the UK Government, while accepting that both terms refer to the United K
Miss Asia Pacific World
Miss Asia Pacific World is a yearly beauty pageant. There have been a number of controversies with the pageant; the 2014 Miss Asia Pacific World, May Myat Noe from Burma, was crowned on 31 May 2014 but was dethroned after three months. Same year organisation made a new final few months after May Myat Noe been dethroned; the title won Swetha Raj from India. The 2011 search was the first edition of the Miss Asia Pacific World pageant, it was held in Busan, South Korea, on 15 October 2011. Jung Eun A of Korea was crowned by the end of the event; the second edition of the Miss Asia Pacific World pageant took place in 2012. It was held in Seoul, South Korea, on 16 June. Himangini Singh Yadu of Indiawon the title; the third edition of pageant was held on 30 October, at Hallyuworld, South Korea, where Srishti Rana of India was crowned as Miss Asia Pacific World 2013. At the 2011 pageant Amy Willerton, a contestant representing Wales, along with a number of other contestants, claimed the pageant had been fixed after the girl representing Venezuela was placed runner-up of the talent round before she had competed.
Led by Willerton, the contestants demanded answers from organisers and made claims that some contestants had been offered automatic top-ranking placements in exchange for sex. The events were filmed by Willerton and other contestants, which were uploaded to YouTube under the title "Confessions of a Beauty Queen". Subsequently and the representatives from Aletha Shepherd of Guyana, Costa Rica and Pamela Peralta fled their hotel to the airport, claiming the pageant organisers had tried to keep them there against their will and had followed them to the airport to stop them escaping; the Korean National Police Agency and organisers denied all accusations. Willerton claimed that the organisers bribed the police officers, "When the police arrived they called in one of the chairmen of the pageant who got his wallet out straight away and we were all pushed back by the organisers so we couldn't speak... Our translator would not translate for us, so we were helpless."In September 2014, its registered office in Seoul was identified as a small room in a shared office space.
May Myat Noe, the winner of the 2014 pageant, was ` dethroned'. The organisers claim that May Myat Noe complained about scheduling for the months after her win, wanted her mother to stay with her during that 3-month period, but was unwilling to pay the added expenses that would be incurred. Organisers claimed she was rude and not returning phone calls. In her press conference, May Myat Noe criticised the organisers by saying "I'm not proud of this crown, I don't want a crown from an organisation with such a bad reputation, but I won't give it back to the Koreans. Not just to me but my country for giving it a bad image." She would hand over the crown to the Burmese authorities, but will not allow it to return to the organisers in South Korea until she receives a formal apology. She further stated that she, a 16-year-old, was coerced to escort Korean tycoons, "I was told that, in order to generate funds to produce my music album, I need to accept invitations to escort some business tycoons whenever they require my company".
During a media interview with MBC TV on Sept 14 at Yangon, she said "I am still a minor. If I'm saying I've operated my breast the organization is backward; when my mother and I signed the consent operation agreement, I thought. I didn't know the meaning of the signature", it turned out that May Myat Noe lied about her age to 18 years old to participate local contest in Yangon in 2013 The Organization accused May Myat Noe to Gangnam Police Station, Seoul in September 2015 for defamation, false accusation and breach of management contract. And sued Andre Jung Weon-young and particular newspapers for spreading false information and libel suit; the organization formally accused Noe of defamation in September 2015. The 2011 competition was the first edition of the Miss Asia Pacific World pageant, it was held in Viña Del Mar, Chile on 15 October 2011. Jung Eun A of Korea was crowned by the end of the event. Mongolia - Bayaarkhuu Gantogoo Scotland - Anastasia Mikhailides Taiwan - Zhu Ri-Xing Vietnam - Vũ Thị Hoàng My decided not to appear on this contest, she followed the contest Miss Universe 2011 in São Paulo, Brazil.
The second edition of the Miss Asia Pacic World Super Talent pageant took place in 2012. It was held in South Korea on 16 June. Himangini Singh Yadu of India won the title. Next year she crowned her successor from India. India won two times in a row. India won the Miss Asia Pacific World title for the first time. Cameroon, Kenya, Lebanon, Sri Lanka Thailand and Turkey placed for the first time. Estonia, Indonesia, Puerto Rico, Ukraine placed for the second time. Miss Asia Pacific World 2013 #No. 1 Supertalent Search in the world was the 3rd edition of the Miss Asia Pacific World Super Talent pageant to be held on 30 October 2013, at the Polideportivo Islas Malvinas Mar Del Plata,Argentina. Himangini Singh Yadu of India will crown her successor at the end of this event. 21 delegates were confirmed: Logo for the Pageant: Miss Asia Pacific World Logo
Miss World 2005
Miss World 2005, the 55th edition of the Miss World pageant, was held on 10 December 2005 at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China. María Julia Mantilla of Peru crowned her successor Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir of Iceland. 102 contestants from all over the world competed for the crown. All contestants competed in three "fast track" events, Beach Beauty, Miss Talent, Beauty With a Purpose contests; the winner of each competition became one of the fifteen pageant semi-finalists. Angola – Claudia Mariza Manuel Santana Finland – Saana Johanna Anttila – She withdrew at the last minute after a few days competing for unknown reasons. No Shows Algeria – Nesrine Melbani Andorra – Lourdes Fernández Kazakhstan – Miss Kazakhstan 2005, Dina Nuraliyeva did not compete for unknown reasons; however she participated in Miss Universe 2006 and Miss World 2009 where she became Top 16. Macau – Cheong Wai Nei Paraguay – Emilce Rossana Gómez Cabral Tahiti – Rhea Bessette Togo – Edwige Grace Madzé Badakou – Due to lack of Sponsorship and visa problems.
She won Miss World Cup 2006 later. Turks and Caicos – Kelly Eastwood Zimbabwe – Lorraine Maphala – Due lack of Sponsorship and visa problems; however she participated a year at Miss World 2006. Following countries were never confirmed their participation Antigua and Barbuda – No contest Austria – Isabella Stangl Belarus – No contest due to the fact that the Miss Belarus contest is a bi-annual pageant. Belize – No contest Cayman Islands – No contest Chile – No contest Curacao – Rychacviana Coffie Egypt – Meriam George Honduras – Lissa Sáenz – Due to Sponsorship problems. Lithuania – No contest Cyprus – Nicole Temené Germany – Antonia Schmitz South Africa – Miss South Africa 2005 & Top 15 at Miss Universe 2005, Claudia Henkel was unable to participate because she had to crown her successor 2 days after the Miss World 2005 contest. Thailand – Miss World Thailand 2005, Angela McKay resigned her title just 10 days after winning because she wanted to pursue her studies and modeling work in New York City.
Her first runner up, Sirinda Jensen took over the Miss Thailand World 2005 title. Pageantopolis – Miss World 2005
Miss World 1999
Miss World 1999, the 49th edition of the Miss World pageant, was held on 4 December 1999 at the Olympia Hall in London, United Kingdom. The pageant was hosted by model Melanie Sykes; the 1999 pageant attracted 94 delegates from all over the world. The 1999 pageant marked the first time that Scotland and Wales fielded their respective delegates. At the end of the event, Miss India Yukta Mookhey went on to win the Miss World 1999 crown at 22; the preliminary swimsuit competition was held in Malta. She was crowned by her predecessor Linor Abargil of Israel. Protesters gathered outside the event, decrying it as a "sexist cattle market". Scotland Wales British Virgin Islands, Curaçao, Chinese Taipei did not compete for unknown reasons. Denmark - Miss Denmark 1999, Zahide Bayram did not participate due to undisclosed reasons. Mauritius - Miss Mauritius 1999, Micaella L'Hortalle did not participate due to lack of sponsorship. Namibia - Miss Namibia 1999, Vaanda Katjiuongua did not participate due to lack of sponsorship.
Northern Ireland - Miss Northern Ireland 1999, Zöe Salmon withdrew at the last minute because the organizers couldn't apply for UK separate entry on time due to the Northern Ireland peace process. Bosnia & Herzegovina – Alisa Sisic - She was dethroned of her Miss Bosnia & Herzegovina 1999 crown due to her nude pictorials at Sarajevo Daily - Dnevni Avaz without her permission that made the organizers revoke her title. Philippines – Miriam Quiambao. Miriam Quiambao was to represent Philippines in the Miss World 1999 pageant but was replaced by Lalaine Edson. Miriam Quiambao, Philippines representative to the Miss Universe 1999 finished as 1st runner-up. Honduras, Madagascar and Uruguay introduced themselves in their native languages; this is the first time. England - Nicola Willoughby, still represented as United Kingdom in Miss World because of Northern Ireland's last-minute withdrawal. Pageantopolis – Miss World 1999
Miss World 2007
Miss World 2007, the 57th edition of the Miss World pageant, was held on 1 December 2007 at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China. It was hosted by Angela Chow. Zhang Zilin of China succeeded Taťána Kuchařová of the Czech Republic; the 106 contestants recorded the official torch relay anthem Light the Passion, Share the Dream for the 2008 Olympic Games as a major co-operation between the Beijing Olympic Committee and Miss World Limited. The song had its first broadcast to a global audience at the 57th Miss World final on 1 December. In addition, to coincide with World AIDS Day, the pageant presented a special tribute to the fight against AIDS, with a televised speech from former South African President Nelson Mandela and the presence of his daughter and grandson, along with traditional dancers from South Africa who joined the contestants in a special song. Julia Morley – Chairwoman of the Miss World Organization Duncan James – Member of the boy band Blue, now an actor and TV presenter Annabel Croft – Former tennis star and television presenter Ben de Lisi – Renowned fashion designer Li Xiao Bai – managing director of New Silk Road Modelling Agency Bruce Zhao – Chairperson of the Huayu Group Makaziwe Mandela – Daughter of Nelson Mandela and philanthropist Neal Hamil – managing director of Elite Models Krish Naidoo – Miss World International Ambassador, works with many charitable organisations Elena Franchuk – Founder of the Anti-AIDS Foundation of Ukraine Albania – The Miss & Mister Albania organisation replaced Egla Harxhi, Miss Albania 2007, with Elda Dushi, for unknown reasons.
Belarus – Miss Belarus 2006 1st runner-up, Yulia Sindzeyeva, was supposed to compete in Miss World. A contract with the Japanese organisation prevents her from attending the Miss World contest. 2nd runner-up, Alena Aladka, took her place. Curaçao – Lisaika Everitz, Miss World Curaçao, was not accepted as Curaçao's entry to Miss World 2007 for not meeting the age requirements, she was replaced with Naemi Monte. Since Monte did not turn in the official application to the national organisation before the deadline established by Miss World Ltd, the franchiseholder appointed a new delegate: Mckeyla Richards. After this action, Naemi Monte decided to file a lawsuit against the franchiseholder, Reprod, to regain the right to represent the island at the international pageant. On 17 October, a jury decided in favour of Reprod. Latvia – Ina Avlasēviča, Miss Latvia 2006, competed in Miss World 2008; the organisation sent a former Miss Latvia, to that year's pageant. Vietnam – Miss Sea 2007 as well as Miss Vietnam World 2007's second runner-up Đặng Minh Thu was named by Elite Vietnam as the country's candidate at Miss World 2007.
They Earlier offered Miss World's ticket to Miss World Vietnamese 2007 Ngô Phương Lan, who turned it down to focus on her studies in Switzerland. American Virgin Islands – Esonica Veira She participated 4 years at Miss World 2011, where she became Top 15 and in Miss Supranational 2013 where she was 4th runner up, Miss Earth 2014 and Miss Universe 2017. Barbados – Natalie Griffith British Virgin Islands – Leilani Stevens - Financial problems. Chinese Taipei – Yen Chin Li Guernsey – Hannah McLaughlin Malawi – Peth Msinska Switzerland – Amanda Ammann, she was unplaced. The Miss Switzerland organization gave up their Miss World licence that year. Antigua & Barbuda Cambodia Congo Republic – Pupuce Ngalla Ibata, national director of Miss Congo was informed that Congo will not take part in Miss World 2007; the reason being because the Miss World Organization never replied to their application for the franchise. However, she will try to get the franchise next year. Congo DR Egypt Honduras Liberia – The Miss Liberia 2007/2008 is scheduled for 23 November 2007, just one week before the Miss World 2007 finals takes place.
Nicaragua Portugal Saint Lucia – Yasmin Walcott, national director of Miss Saint Lucia World, was informed that the island won't be represented in Miss World 2007. Sint Maarten – Fabiana Arnell, national director of Sint Maarten Queen's competition has informed that reports about Shanyra Richardson's participation in Miss World are not true, but she is interested in taking part in future Miss World competitions. Tahiti Uruguay Zambia Pageantopolis – Miss World 2007
Shakira Caine
Shakira, Lady Caine is a Guyanese-British actress and fashion model, the wife of English actor Sir Michael Caine. She was born in British Guiana to Muslim Indian parents who had migrated from the Kashmir region of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir in British India, her mother was a dressmaker, she aspired to follow in her footsteps and became a fashion designer. While working as a secretary, she was urged by her employer to enter the Miss Guyana contest, which she won. At the age of 19, she came in third in the 1967 Miss World contest held in London, where she decided to stay to launch a career in modeling, she is a member of the International Best Dressed List since 1991. Baksh appeared in several films, including Some Girls Do, Carry On Again Doctor, Son of Dracula and, with her husband, The Man Who Would Be King, she appeared in two episodes of the science fiction TV series UFO. After seeing Baksh in a British television advertisement for Maxwell House coffee in 1971, Michael Caine became obsessed with finding the woman he considered to be "the most beautiful... he had seen."
From a friend in the advertising business, he discovered that she lived only a few miles from him in London. The couple were married in Las Vegas on 8 January 1973, have one daughter, Natasha. Baksh is a Muslim, he reflected to The Guardian in 2009: "she does Muslim stuff. The media view of Muslims is different from mine, benign and peaceful." Webber, Richard. The Complete A–Z of Everything Carry On. HarperCollins Entertainment. ISBN 978-0-0071-8223-7. Official website Shakira Caine on IMDb
