1.
Public library
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A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is generally funded from public sources, such as taxes. It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are civil servants. There are five fundamental characteristics shared by public libraries, Public libraries exist in many countries across the world and are often considered an essential part of having an educated and literate population. Public access to books is not new, romans made scrolls in dry rooms available to patrons of the baths, and tried with some success to establish libraries within the empire. In the middle of the 19th century, the push for public libraries, paid for by taxes. Public libraries were started with a donation, or were bequeathed to parishes, churches. These social and institutional libraries formed the base of many academic and public collections of today. The establishment of circulating libraries in the 18th century, by booksellers and publishers provided a means of gaining profit, the circulating libraries not only provided a place to sell books, but also a place to lend books for a price. These circulating libraries provided a variety of including the increasingly popular novels. Circulating libraries were not exclusively lending institutions and often provided a place for other forms of commercial activity and this was necessary because the circulating libraries did not generate enough funds through subscription fees collected from its borrowers. As a commerce venture, it was important to consider the factors such as other goods or services available to the subscribers. The Malatestiana Library, also known as the Malatesta Novello Library, is a public library dating from 1452 in Cesena, Emilia-Romagna and it was the first European civic library, i. e. belonging to the Commune and open to everybody. It was commissioned by the Lord of Cesena, Malatesta Novello, the works were directed by Matteo Nuti of Fano and lasted from 1447 to 1452. In the early years of the 17th century, many famous collegiate, norwich City library was established in 1608 and Chethams Library in Manchester, which claims to be the oldest public library in the English-speaking world, opened in 1653. Claude Sallier, the French philologist and churchman, operated an early form of library in the town of Saulieu from 1737 to 1750. He wished to make culture and learning accessible to all people, the Załuski Library was built in Warsaw 1747–1795 by Józef Andrzej Załuski and his brother, Andrzej Stanisław Załuski, both Roman Catholic bishops. The library was open to the public and indeed was the first Polish public library, at the start of the 18th century, libraries were becoming increasingly public and were more frequently lending libraries. The 18th century saw the switch from closed parochial libraries to lending libraries, before this time, public libraries were parochial in nature and libraries frequently chained their books to desks
Public library
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Patrons studying and reading at the New York City Public Library.
Public library
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A public library in
Maadi,
Egypt
Public library
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Entrance to the National Library in
Tehran,
Iran
Public library
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Thomas Bodley founded the
Bodleian Library in 1602 as an early public library.
2.
Mississauga, Ontario
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Mississauga /ˌmɪsɪˈsɒɡə/ is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Situated in Southern Ontario, it lies on the shores of Lake Ontario in the Regional Municipality of Peel and it is part of the Greater Toronto Area, to the west of Toronto. The city has a population of 721,599 as of the Canada 2016 Census, a suburb of Toronto, Mississaugas growth is attributed to its proximity to that city. It is the largest suburb in Anglo-America by population, in recent decades, the city has attracted a multicultural population and has plans for developing its downtown core. Residents of the city are called Mississaugans or Saugans, Toronto Pearson International Airport, Canadas busiest airport, is located in the city, and it is the location of many major corporate headquarters for Canada. At the time of the arrival of the Europeans in the 1600s, One of the First Nations groups the French traders found around the Credit River area were the Algonquian Mississaugas, a tribe originally from the Georgian Bay area. The name Mississauga comes from the Anishinaabe word Misi-zaagiing, meaning Great River-mouth, by 1700 the Mississaugas had driven away the Iroquois, yet during the Beaver Wars they played a neutral or post-emptive role. Toronto Township, consisting of most of present-day Mississauga, was formed on 2 August 1805 when officials from York purchased 84,000 acres of land from the Mississaugas. In January 2010, the Mississaugas and the government settled a land claim, in which the band of aboriginal people received $145,000,000, as just compensation for their land. The original villages settled included, Lakeview, Clarkson, Cooksville, Dixie, Erindale, Lorne Park, Port Credit, Sheridan and this region would become known as Toronto Township. Part of northeast Mississauga, including the Airport lands and Malton were part of Toronto Gore Township, a group of settlers from New York City arrived in the 1830s. The government wanted to compensate the Loyalists for property lost in the colonies, in 1820, the government purchased additional land from the Mississaugas. Additional settlements were established, including, Barbertown, Britannia, Burnhamthorpe, Derry West, Elmbank, Malton, Meadowvale Village, Mount Charles, european-Canadian growth led to the eventual displacement of the Mississaugas. In 1847, the government relocated them to a reserve in the Grand River Valley, in 1873, in light of the continued growth seen in this area much as a result of the many railway lines passing through the township which spurred on industry. The Toronto Township Council was formed to oversee the affairs of the villages that were unincorporated at that time. The Councils responsibilities included road maintenance, and the constitution of a police force, in the 1920s, cottages were constructed along the shores of Lake Ontario as weekend getaway houses for city dwellers. 17 years later in 1937,1,410.8 acres of land was sold to build the Malton Airport and it became Canadas busiest airport which also put the end to the community of Elmbank. The first prototypical suburban developments occurred around the time, in the area south of the Dixie Road/QEW interchange
Mississauga, Ontario
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Clockwise from top: Skyline of Mississauga,
University of Toronto Mississauga,
Absolute World Condos, Downtown Skyline,
Mississauga Civic Centre, Condominium Skyline.
Mississauga, Ontario
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Mississauga Civic Centre seen from the south-east. This design was supposed to reflect the influence of farmsteads which once occupied much of Mississauga, the architecture is based on a "futuristic farm" (the clock tower is the windmill, the main building on the top-right corner is the farmhouse, the cylindrical council chamber is the silo, and the building on the bottom left represents a barn)
Mississauga, Ontario
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Port Credit Light house
Mississauga, Ontario
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Highway 403 in Mississauga, showing
HOV lanes adjacent to the median.
3.
E-book
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An electronic book is a book publication made available in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. Although sometimes defined as a version of a printed book. Commercially produced and sold e-books are usually intended to be read on dedicated e-reader devices, however, almost any sophisticated computer device that features a controllable viewing screen can also be used to read e-books, including desktop computers, laptops, tablets and smartphones. In the 2000s, there was a trend of print and e-book sales moving to the Internet, where readers buy traditional paper books and e-books on websites using e-commerce systems. With e-books, users can browse through online, and then when they select and order titles. At the start of 2012 in the U. S. more e-books were published online than were distributed in hardcover, the main reasons that people are buying e-books online are due to possibly lower prices, increased comfort and a larger selection of titles. With e-books, lectronic bookmarks make referencing easier, and e-book readers may allow the user to annotate pages, although fiction and non-fiction books come in e-book formats, technical material is especially suited for e-book delivery because it can be searched for keywords. In addition, for programming books, code examples can be copied, E-book reading is increasing in the U. S. by 2014, 28% of adults had read an e-book, compared to 23% in 2013. This is increasing, because by 2014 50% of American adults had an e-reader or a tablet, E-books are also referred to as ebooks, eBooks, e-Books, e-journals, e-editions or as digital books. The devices that are designed specifically for reading e-books are called e-readers, the idea of an e-reader that would enable a reader to view books on a screen came to Bob Brown after watching his first talkie. In 1930, he wrote a book on this idea and titled it The Readies, although Brown came up with the idea intellectually in the 1930s, early commercial e-readers did not follow his model. Schuessler relates it to a DJ spinning bits of old songs to create a beat or a new song as opposed to just a remix of a familiar song. The inventor of the first e-book is not widely agreed upon and her idea behind the device was to decrease the number of books that her pupils carried to school. The first e-book may be the Index Thomisticus, a heavily annotated electronic index to the works of Thomas Aquinas, prepared by Roberto Busa beginning in 1949, although originally stored on a single computer, a distributable CD-ROM version appeared in 1989. In 2005, the Index was published online, augment ran on specialized hardware, while FRESS ran on IBM mainframes. All these systems also provided extensive hyperlinking, graphics, and other capabilities, van Dam is generally thought to have coined the term electronic book, and it was established enough to use in an article title by 1985. FRESS was used for reading extensive primary texts online, as well as for annotation and online discussions in several courses, browns faculty made extensive use of FRESS, for example the philosopher Roderick Chisholm used it to produce several of his books. Thus in the Preface to Person and Object he writes The book would not have been completed without the epoch-making File Retrieval, despite the extensive earlier history, several publications report Michael S. Hart as the inventor of the e-book
E-book
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Amazon's
Kindle Keyboard e-reader displaying an e-book
E-book
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Ángela Ruiz Robles with la Enciclopedia Mecánica
E-book
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Michael Hart (left) and Gregory Newby (right) of Project Gutenberg, 2006
E-book
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First portable electronic book
4.
Mississauga Civic Centre
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The Mississauga Civic Centre is the seat of local government of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. The 37,280 square metre complex is a prominent example of Postmodern architecture in Canada, finished in 1987 by Jones and it stands at 92 metres or 302 feet. The design was influenced by farmsteads which once occupied much of Mississauga as well as features of city centres. The building, for instance, includes a prominent clock tower and it was chosen as the winner of a design competition that included 246 submissions. Mississauga Civic Centre is located near Square One Shopping Centre and is home to the Mississauga City Council, Mississauga Civic Centre is the second home for City Hall and third home of local government. Cooksville Town Hall was built at Lot 16, Concession 1 SDS around 1870 and was built as single storey school house. It later housed Cooksville Public School from 1919 to 1921, in 1953 Township of Toronto Municipal Building at 100 Dundas Street West was built next to the old town hall. The old town hall became the east wing of the Toronto Township Municipal Building. It was designed by architect Gordon Adamson, who built International style buildings, after the 1969 fire that gut the east wing, the Township offices were relocated once the 1 City Centre Drive was made available from developers of Square One. The 1950s municipal building became home to the Dufferin-Peel Catholic School Board, abandoned, the structure was demolished in 1970. The Township of Mississauga moved to 1 City Centre Drive near Burnhamthorpe and it along with Square One was located on the old Robert Norman Carr farm. Built as a 5 floor office building, it was converted as a centre in 1971. In 1974 it became City Hall and remained so until 1984, converted to offices by the city, it was demolished in 1988 to give way to the current glass office tower at the site. The new design by Jones and Kirkland was chosen in September 1982 an architectural design competition which drew 246 entries from 7 Canadian provinces, architect James Stirling was on the panel of judges. The Duke and Duchess of York were part of the ceremonies for the new civic centre in July 1987. The Dukes impression of City Hall was Its quite remarkable, however, the media had fun with his quote about the building due to local criticism of the structure and the fact that the media found his response to be less than sincere. The new hall is also a spot for bridal photo shoots. A pyramid shaped atrium brings natural light into the Great Hall, a 9, 000-square-metre courtyard, named Celebration Square, is a newly renovated multi-media public space
Mississauga Civic Centre
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View of Mississauga City Centre from the southeast. The architecture is based on a "futuristic farm" (the clock tower is the windmill, the main building on the top-right corner is the farmhouse, the cylindrical council chamber is the silo, and the pentagonal building on the bottom left is the barn)
5.
St. Aloysius Gonzaga Secondary School
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St. Aloysius Gonzaga Secondary School is a Catholic high school located in the Erin Mills community of Mississauga, Ontario, named after Saint Aloysius Gonzaga. The school opened in Mississauga in 2001, after spending a year as a school in Georgetown. It is a joint venture between the city of Mississauga and the Dufferin Peel Catholic District School Board, according to the Fraser Institute, it is currently ranked 1st in the Dufferin Peel Catholic District School Board, 2nd in Mississauga and 21st out of 676 schools in Ontario. St. Aloysius Gonzaga Secondary School was established in 2001 in a school in Georgetown. The new school was built at 2800 Erin Centre Boulevard and was opened and blessed in 2001, Gonzaga is part of Erin Meadows Multi-use Complex, a partnership between the City of Mississauga, the Mississauga Library System, and the board. The advanced-concept building includes a library and a community centre complete with swimming pool. Students are able to access the community library and can use the community facilities as part of their program. Gonzaga, which has over 1800 students, has a significant number of programs that accommodate academic, integrated in the programs are Career Paths program, ASD program, Advanced Placement program, and Extended French program for selected students across the board. Some school retreats are held at the parish, and students are involved in many parish ministries, the atrium, community meeting rooms, library, and swimming pool are shared with the City of Mississauga. All students are sorted into one of the 10 Gonzaga Houses for his/her high school career once entering Grade 9. These houses include Strength, Courage, Faith, Challenge, Truth, Justice, Peace, Dreams, Perseverance, senior boys hockey team winning OFSAA in 2009, and the varsity girls hockey team winning OFSAA in 2013. St. Aloysius Gonzaga offers many clubs and organizations to all students, with 40 total clubs and organizations, ranging in wide variety from one club to the next, there are many for students to choose from. Robby Fabbri, ice hockey player David Broll, ice hockey player List of high schools in Ontario Official School website
St. Aloysius Gonzaga Secondary School
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"For The Greater Glory of God"
6.
Ask Ontario
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AskON became an opt-in service of Ontario Colleges Library Service in June 2012. Using licensed, secure chat software, askON staff provide research guidance and help to users navigating the Internet, their librarys services, askON is a collaborative effort with college libraries, each of which has offered up some of their staff time to make the service possible. The various libraries staff work in shifts to provide over 60 hours a week to post-secondary students, the service also engages library and information science students as volunteer interns who assist on the service in exchange for the training and professional development opportunity
Ask Ontario
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Ask Ontario
