Mixtotherium
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Mixtotherium is an extinct genus of Palaeogene artiodactyls belonging to the monotypic family Mixtotheriidae. Known informally as mixtotheriids or mixtotheres, these artiodactyls were endemic to weste
The Mixtotheriidae is thought to be closely related to the Cainotheriidae, including Cainotherium (skeleton at Natural History Museum of Basel)
Rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) skull, National Museum of Natural History. The mandibular rami of hyraxes are wide similar to those of Mixtotherium.
M. priscum mandible, Natural History Museum of Basel
Amphimeryx
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Amphimeryx is an extinct genus of small mammals with slightly deer-like forms belonging to the Amphimerycidae, classified within the order Artiodactyla. It was endemic to western Europe and lived from
Because of some similar anatomical traits of the amphimerycids to those of ruminants (like the Java mouse-deer (Tragulus javanicus), pictured), they were previously considered ruminants by biologists. Today, their evolutionary relationship to ruminants and other artiodactyls proves unclear.
A. collotarsus mandible, Natural History Museum of Basel
Estimated body masses (kg) of Palaeogene artiodactyls based on recalculated trochlear widths (Li1) in comparison to estimates from Martinez and Sudre (1995)