1.
Colorado
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Colorado is a state in the United States encompassing most of the Southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. Colorado is part of the Western United States, the Southwestern United States, Colorado is the 8th most extensive and the 21st most populous of the 50 United States. The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Colorado was 5,540,545 on July 1,2016, the state was named for the Colorado River, which Spanish travelers named the Río Colorado for the ruddy silt the river carried from the mountains. The Territory of Colorado was organized on February 28,1861, Colorado is nicknamed the Centennial State because it became a state in the same year as the centennial of the United States Declaration of Independence. Colorado is noted for its landscape of mountains, forests, high plains, mesas, canyons, plateaus, rivers. Denver is the capital and the most populous city of Colorado, residents of the state are properly known as Coloradans, although the term Coloradoan has been used archaically and lives on in the title of Fort Collins newspaper, the Coloradoan. Colorado, Wyoming and Utah are the states which have boundaries defined solely by lines of latitude and longitude. The summit of Mount Elbert at 14,440 feet elevation in Lake County is the highest point in Colorado, Colorado is the only U. S. state that lies entirely above 1,000 meters elevation. The point where the Arikaree River flows out of Yuma County, Colorado and this point, which holds the distinction of being the highest low elevation point of any state, is higher than the high elevation points of 18 states and the District of Columbia. A little less than one half of the area of Colorado is flat, East of the Rocky Mountains are the Colorado Eastern Plains of the High Plains, the section of the Great Plains within Nebraska at elevations ranging from roughly 3,350 to 7,500 feet. The Colorado plains were mostly prairies, but they have many patches of forests, buttes. Eastern Colorado is presently covered in farmland and rangeland, along with small farming villages. Precipitation is fair, averaging from 15 to 25 inches annually, corn, wheat, hay, soybeans, and oats are all typical crops, and most of the villages and towns in this region boast both a water tower and a grain elevator. Irrigation water is available from the South Platte, the Arkansas River, and a few other streams, however, heavy use of ground water from wells for irrigation has caused underground water reserves to decline. As well as agriculture, eastern Colorado hosts considerable livestock, such as cattle ranches. Roughly 70% of Colorados population resides along the edge of the Rocky Mountains in the Front Range Urban Corridor between Cheyenne, Wyoming, and Pueblo, Colorado. This region is protected from prevailing storms that blow in from the Pacific Ocean region by the high Rockies in the middle of Colorado. The Front Range includes Denver, Boulder, Fort Collins, Loveland, Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Greeley and other townships, on the other side of the Rockies, the significant population centers in Western Colorado are the cities of Grand Junction, Durango, and Montrose
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
David H. Moffat
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David Halliday Moffat was an American financier and industrialist. Moffat was one of Denvers most important financiers and industrialists in late 19th and early 20th century Colorado and he served as president, treasurer and as a board member of railroads, banks and city government posts. Over the years he had claims to one hundred Colorado mines. Moffat died on March 18,1911 in New York City at the age of seventy three, some had said that he had vainly spent fourteen million dollars on the dream of a railroad directly west from Denver. The Denver, Northwestern & Pacific Railway had cost him $75,000 a mile and he was in New York city trying to raise more money, and was stopped by what would later be learned was the doing of E. H. Harriman and George Jay Gould I. He was one of the greatest threats they had faced in years, although Moffat was looked at the time as a vain dreamer, he would later be viewed by many as ahead of his time. His legacy would leave Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad and later Union Pacific Railroad with a railroad that would outlast most other lines in Colorado. He would have Moffat Tunnel and Moffat County, Colorado named after him, Moffat was born in Washingtonville, New York to David and Eleanor Louisa Moffat. In 1851, when he was years old, he moved to New York City. His starting position was minor, but he was eager to learn the banking business, Moffat was noted by the president, and advanced to the position of assistant teller. In 1855 he made his way to Des Moines, Iowa, Moffat then became cashier of the Bank of Nebraska, owned by B. F. Alien, of Des Moines Iowa. He moved to Denver, Colorado in 1860 where he opened a bookstore on 15th, the book and stationery store was not highly profitable, so after a few years he went back to banking. On April 17,1865 the First National Bank of Denver, was organized and it had little success until 1867, when Moffat was elected cashier. He remained the controlling mind in the institution until his death and he instituted polices and methods which led to the growth and success of the bank for years to come. The decision to build the railroad to the north had left the Denver area stranded from the major transportation routes. As a result, Thomas Durant, vice president of the Union Pacific, Colorado Territorial Governor John Evans declared that Colorado without railroads is comparatively worthless. The company was incorporated on November 19,1867 as the Denver Pacific Railway, the company broke ground on its Cheyenne line on May 18,1868, at a spot near where the Denver Coliseum now stands. The line took approximately two years to complete and it followed the South Platte River through present-day Greeley
4.
County seat
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A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or civil parish. The term is used in the United States, Canada, Romania, China, in the United Kingdom and Ireland, county towns have a similar function. In the United States, counties are the subdivisions of a state. Depending on the state, counties may provide services to the public, impose taxes. Some types of subdivisions, such as townships, may be incorporated or unincorporated. The city, town, or populated place that houses county government is known as the seat of its respective county, a county seat is usually, but not always, an incorporated municipality. The exceptions include the county seats of counties that have no incorporated municipalities within their borders, such as Arlington County, Virginia, likewise, some county seats may not be incorporated in their own right, but are located within incorporated municipalities. For example, Cape May Court House, New Jersey, though unincorporated, is a section of Middle Township, in some of the colonial states, county seats include or formerly included Court House as part of their name. Most counties have only one county seat, an example is Harrison County, Mississippi, which lists both Biloxi and Gulfport as county seats. The practice of multiple county seat towns dates from the days when travel was difficult, there have been few efforts to eliminate the two-seat arrangement, since a county seat is a source of pride for the towns involved. There are 36 counties with multiple county seats in 11 states, Coffee County, for example, the official county seat is Greensboro, but an additional courthouse has been located in nearby High Point since 1938. For example, Clearwater is the county seat of Pinellas County, Florida, in New England, the town, not the county, is the primary division of local government. Historically, counties in this region have served mainly as dividing lines for the judicial systems. Connecticut and Rhode Island have no county level of government and thus no county seats, in Vermont, Massachusetts, and Maine the county seats are legally designated shire towns. County government consists only of a Superior Court and Sheriff, both located in the shire town. Bennington County has two towns, but the Sheriff is located in Bennington. In Massachusetts, most government functions which would otherwise be performed by county governments in other states are performed by town governments. As such, Massachusetts has dissolved many of its county governments, two counties in South Dakota have their county seat and government services centered in a neighboring county
5.
Craig, Colorado
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The City of Craig is a Home Rule Municipality that is the county seat and the most populous municipality of Moffat County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 9,464 at the 2010 United States Census and it is home to Grande Olde West Days, Whittle the Wood Rendezvous, and one of North Americas largest elk herds. Founded by William H. Tucker, Craig was incorporated as a city on April 24,1908, the town was named for one of the towns financial backers, Reverend William Bayard Craig. Craig became the county seat when Moffat County was created out of the portion of Routt County on February 27,1911. In the same area as Craig, at the confluence of the Yampa River and Fortification Creek, were previous towns known as Yampa, in 1878, the area consisted of a number of ranches and at least two businesses, Himleys Ferry and Pecks Store. In the 1970s and early 1980s, the largest power plant in Colorado. Craig is located at 40°31′1″N 107°33′1″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.1 square miles, all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 9,189 people,3,525 households, the population density was 1,886.6 people per square mile. There were 3,851 housing units at a density of 790.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 92. 56% White,0. 30% African American,0. 96% Native American,0. 42% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,3. 84% from other races, and 1. 89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10. 80% of the population,25. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the family size was 3.05. In the city, the population was out with 28. 5% under the age of 18,9. 6% from 18 to 24,30. 1% from 25 to 44,21. 9% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 106.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.4 males, the median income for a household in the city was $41,091, and the median income for a family was $45,504. Males had an income of $38,038 versus $21,806 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,140, about 6. 9% of families and 8. 6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10. 5% of those under age 18 and 6. 5% of those age 65 or over. Craig was the terminus of the never-finished Denver and Salt Lake Railway, while the tracks still exist to Craig, the effort to finish this line was abandoned, and the tracks to Craig became a spur route
6.
United States Census Bureau
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The United States Census Bureau is a principal agency of the U. S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureaus primary mission is conducting the U. S. Census every ten years, in addition to the decennial census, the Census Bureau continually conducts dozens of other censuses and surveys, including the American Community Survey, the U. S. Economic Census, and the Current Population Survey, furthermore, economic and foreign trade indicators released by the federal government typically contain data produced by the Census Bureau. The Bureaus various censuses and surveys help allocate over $400 billion in federal funds every year and help states, local communities, the Census Bureau is part of the U. S. Department of Commerce and its director is appointed by the President of the United States. The Census Bureau now conducts a population count every 10 years in years ending with a 0. Between censuses, the Census Bureau makes population estimates and projections, the Census Bureau is mandated with fulfilling these obligations, the collecting of statistics about the nation, its people, and economy. The Census Bureaus legal authority is codified in Title 13 of the United States Code, the Census Bureau also conducts surveys on behalf of various federal government and local government agencies on topics such as employment, crime, health, consumer expenditures, and housing. Within the bureau, these are known as surveys and are conducted perpetually between and during decennial population counts. The Census Bureau also conducts surveys of manufacturing, retail, service. Between 1790 and 1840, the census was taken by marshals of the judicial districts, the Census Act of 1840 established a central office which became known as the Census Office. Several acts followed that revised and authorized new censuses, typically at the 10-year intervals, in 1902, the temporary Census Office was moved under the Department of Interior, and in 1903 it was renamed the Census Bureau under the new Department of Commerce and Labor. The department was intended to consolidate overlapping statistical agencies, but Census Bureau officials were hindered by their role in the department. An act in 1920 changed the date and authorized manufacturing censuses every 2 years, in 1929, a bill was passed mandating the House of Representatives be reapportioned based on the results of the 1930 Census. In 1954, various acts were codified into Title 13 of the US Code, by law, the Census Bureau must count everyone and submit state population totals to the U. S. President by December 31 of any year ending in a zero. States within the Union receive the results in the spring of the following year, the United States Census Bureau defines four statistical regions, with nine divisions. The Census Bureau regions are widely used. for data collection, the Census Bureau definition is pervasive. Title 13 of the U. S. Code establishes penalties for the disclosure of this information, all Census employees must sign an affidavit of non-disclosure prior to employment. The Bureau cannot share responses, addresses or personal information with anyone including United States or foreign government, only after 72 years does the information collected become available to other agencies or the general public
7.
Colorado's 3rd congressional district
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Colorados 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U. S. state of Colorado. The district takes in most of the rural Western Slope in the western third. It includes the cities of Grand Junction, Durango and Pueblo, the district is currently represented by Republican Scott R. Tipton who defeated Democratic incumbent John Salazar in 2010. The district is rural and Republican, however, there is some Democratic support in tourist counties and Pueblo. The district has two population centers in Grand Junction and Pueblo. The two cities and their rural areas provide a competitive arena for congressional races. Grand Junction, on the Western Slope, is a Republican stronghold while Pueblo, a town with a large Latino population, the district leaned heavily Republican in the 1990s, but in recent years has become more competitive. George W. Bush received 55% of the vote in the district in 2004 while John McCain won the district in 2008 50%–47%, the most recent representative to die was Michael L. Strang on January 12,2014. Colorados congressional districts List of United States congressional districts Martis, Kenneth C, the Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
8.
Time in the United States
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The time zone boundaries and DST observance are regulated by the Department of Transportation. The clocks run by these services are synchronized with each other as well as with those of other international timekeeping organizations. It is the combination of the zone and daylight saving rules, along with the timekeeping services. The use of solar time became increasingly awkward as railways. American railroads maintained many different time zones during the late 1800s, each train station set its own clock making it difficult to coordinate train schedules and confusing passengers. Time calculation became a problem for people travelling by train. Every city in the United States used a different time standard so there were more than 300 local sun times to choose from, Time zones were therefore a compromise, relaxing the complex geographic dependence while still allowing local time to be approximate with mean solar time. Railroad managers tried to address the problem by establishing 100 railroad time zones, operators of the new railroad lines needed a new time plan that would offer a uniform train schedule for departures and arrivals. Four standard time zones for the continental United States were introduced at noon on November 18,1883, the conference therefore established the Greenwich Meridian as the prime meridian and Greenwich Mean Time as the worlds time standard. The US time-zone system grew from this, in all zones referred back to GMT on the prime meridian. It is, within about 1 second, mean time at 0°. It does not observe daylight saving time and it is one of several closely related successors to Greenwich Mean Time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, standard time zones in the United States are currently defined at the federal level by law 15 USC §260. The federal law establishes the transition dates and times at which daylight saving time occurs. As of August 9,2007, the time zones are defined in terms of hourly offsets from UTC. Prior to this they were based upon the solar time at several meridians 15° apart west of Greenwich. Only the full-time zone names listed below are official, abbreviations are by common use conventions, the United States uses nine standard time zones. The Central standard time zone, which comprises roughly the Gulf Coast, Mississippi Valley, the Mountain standard time zone, which comprises roughly the states that include the Rocky Mountains
9.
Mountain Time Zone
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The clock time in this zone is based on the mean solar time at the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In the United States, the specification for the location of time zones. In the United States and Canada, this zone is generically called Mountain Time. Specifically, it is Mountain Standard Time when observing standard time, the term refers to the fact that the Rocky Mountains, which range from northwestern Canada to the US state of New Mexico, are located almost entirely in the time zone. In Mexico, this zone is known as the Pacific Zone. In the United States and Canada, the Mountain Time Zone is one ahead of the Pacific Time Zone and one hour behind the Central Time Zone. Sonora in Mexico and most of Arizona in the United States do not observe daylight saving time, and during the spring, summer, and autumn months they are on the same time as Pacific Daylight Time. The Navajo Nation, most of which lies within Arizona, does observe DST, although the Hopi Nation, as well as some Arizona state offices lying within the Navajo Nation, the largest city in the Mountain Time Zone is Phoenix, Arizona. TV broadcasting in the Mountain Time Zone is typically tape-delayed one hour, sonora – no daylight saving time, always on MST. Sinaloa Revillagigedo Islands, three of the four islands have the time as Mountain Time Zone, Isla Socorro, San Benedicto Island. The following states or areas are part of the Mountain Time Zone, Arizona – no daylight saving time, always on MST, except on the Navajo Nation. Colorado Idaho – southern half, south of the Salmon River Kansas – only the counties of Sherman, Wallace, Greeley and Hamilton, the remaining three counties that border Colorado, Cheyenne, Morton and Stanton, observe Central Time, as do all other Kansas counties. However, the state of Oklahoma is officially in the Central Time Zone. Additionally, northwestern Culberson County, Texas unofficially observes Mountain Time
10.
Coordinated Universal Time
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Coordinated Universal Time, abbreviated to UTC, is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time. It is within about 1 second of mean time at 0° longitude. It is one of closely related successors to Greenwich Mean Time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, the first Coordinated Universal Time was informally adopted on 1 January 1960. This change also adopted leap seconds to simplify future adjustments, a number of proposals have been made to replace UTC with a new system that would eliminate leap seconds, but no consensus has yet been reached. Leap seconds are inserted as necessary to keep UTC within 0.9 seconds of universal time, see the Current number of leap seconds section for the number of leap seconds inserted to date. The official abbreviation for Coordinated Universal Time is UTC and this abbreviation arose from a desire by the International Telecommunication Union and the International Astronomical Union to use the same abbreviation in all languages. English speakers originally proposed CUT, while French speakers proposed TUC, the compromise that emerged was UTC, which conforms to the pattern for the abbreviations of the variants of Universal Time. Time zones around the world are expressed using positive or negative offsets from UTC, the westernmost time zone uses UTC−12, being twelve hours behind UTC, the easternmost time zone, theoretically, uses UTC+12, being twelve hours ahead of UTC. In 1995, the nation of Kiribati moved those of its atolls in the Line Islands from UTC-10 to UTC+14 so that the country would all be on the same day. UTC is used in internet and World Wide Web standards. The Network Time Protocol, designed to synchronise the clocks of computers over the internet, computer servers, online services and other entities that rely on having a universally accepted time use UTC as it is more specific than GMT. If only limited precision is needed, clients can obtain the current UTC from a number of official internet UTC servers, for sub-microsecond precision, clients can obtain the time from satellite signals. UTC is also the standard used in aviation, e. g. for flight plans. Weather forecasts and maps all use UTC to avoid confusion about time zones, the International Space Station also uses UTC as a time standard. Amateur radio operators often schedule their radio contacts in UTC, because transmissions on some frequencies can be picked up by many time zones, UTC is also used in digital tachographs used on large goods vehicles under EU and AETR rules. UTC divides time into days, hours, minutes and seconds, days are conventionally identified using the Gregorian calendar, but Julian day numbers can also be used. Each day contains 24 hours and each hour contains 60 minutes, the number of seconds in a minute is usually 60, but with an occasional leap second, it may be 61 or 59 instead
11.
Daylight saving time
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Daylight saving time is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months by one hour so that evening daylight lasts an hour longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times. Typically, regions that use Daylight Savings Time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring, American inventor and politician Benjamin Franklin proposed a form of daylight time in 1784. New Zealander George Hudson proposed the idea of saving in 1895. The German Empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation, starting on April 30,1916, many countries have used it at various times since then, particularly since the energy crisis of the 1970s. The practice has both advocates and critics, DST clock shifts sometimes complicate timekeeping and can disrupt travel, billing, record keeping, medical devices, heavy equipment, and sleep patterns. Computer software often adjusts clocks automatically, but policy changes by various jurisdictions of DST dates, industrialized societies generally follow a clock-based schedule for daily activities that do not change throughout the course of the year. The time of day that individuals begin and end work or school, North and south of the tropics daylight lasts longer in summer and shorter in winter, with the effect becoming greater as one moves away from the tropics. However, they will have one hour of daylight at the start of each day. Supporters have also argued that DST decreases energy consumption by reducing the need for lighting and heating, DST is also of little use for locations near the equator, because these regions see only a small variation in daylight in the course of the year. After ancient times, equal-length civil hours eventually supplanted unequal, so civil time no longer varies by season, unequal hours are still used in a few traditional settings, such as some monasteries of Mount Athos and all Jewish ceremonies. This 1784 satire proposed taxing window shutters, rationing candles, and waking the public by ringing church bells, despite common misconception, Franklin did not actually propose DST, 18th-century Europe did not even keep precise schedules. However, this changed as rail transport and communication networks came to require a standardization of time unknown in Franklins day. Modern DST was first proposed by the New Zealand entomologist George Hudson, whose shift work job gave him time to collect insects. An avid golfer, he also disliked cutting short his round at dusk and his solution was to advance the clock during the summer months, a proposal he published two years later. The proposal was taken up by the Liberal Member of Parliament Robert Pearce, a select committee was set up to examine the issue, but Pearces bill did not become law, and several other bills failed in the following years. Willett lobbied for the proposal in the UK until his death in 1915, william Sword Frost, mayor of Orillia, Ontario, introduced daylight saving time in the municipality during his tenure from 1911 to 1912. Starting on April 30,1916, the German Empire and its World War I ally Austria-Hungary were the first to use DST as a way to conserve coal during wartime, Britain, most of its allies, and many European neutrals soon followed suit. Russia and a few other countries waited until the year
12.
Colorado counties
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The U. S. state of Colorado is divided into 64 counties. Counties are important units of government in Colorado since the state has no secondary civil subdivisions, two of these counties, the City and County of Denver and the City and County of Broomfield, have consolidated city and county governments. Colorados ISO 3166-2, US state code is CO and its ANSI INCITS38,2009 state code is 08, when the Colorado Territory first began creating counties in 1861,17 counties and a Cheyenne Reserve were formed. In February 1866, the first new county, Las Animas, was created, followed by Saguache in December of that year, Bent County was created in February 1870, followed by Greenwood the following month. On February 2,1874, Grand County and Elbert County were formed, and on February 10, La Plata, Hinsdale, Greenwood was absorbed into Bent on February 5. The last county to be created under the Colorado Territory name was San Juan County, by the time Colorado became a state on August 1,1876, it had only 26 counties. In January 1877, Routt and Ouray were formed, which was followed by Gunnison, in February 1879, Chaffee County was created. From February 8–10,1879, Lake county was renamed Carbonate County, in 1881, Dolores County and Pitkin County were created. In 1883, Montrose, Mesa, Garfield, Eagle, Delta, the number rose to 40 in 1885 with the creation of Archuleta County on April 14. Washington County and Logan County were both created in 1887, by 1900, Mineral County and Teller County had been added. On November 15,1902, Arapahoe County split into Adams in the north, by 1912, Jackson County, Moffat County, and Crowley County had been created. Alamosa was created in 1913, and in 2001, Broomfield was recognized as a city-county, costilla County was the first area within the present State of Colorado to be settled by Europeans in 1851. Taos County, created by the Territory of New Mexico in 1852, was the first organized county to extend into the area of the present State of Colorado. Arapahoe County, created by the Territory of Kansas in 1855, was the first county created exclusively within the area of the present State of Colorado, on November 28,1859, the extralegal Territory of Jefferson created 12 counties,5. On November 1,1861, the Territory of Colorado created the 17 original Colorado counties,6, of the 17 original Colorado counties created in 1861, only Gilpin County and Clear Creek County have retained their original boundaries with only minor survey changes. Guadalupe County was the first Colorado county to be renamed in 1861, Las Animas County was the first new Colorado county to be created after the original 17 counties. Greenwood County was the longest lived former Colorado county, existing four years from 1870 to 1874, in 1876, San Juan County became the last county created by the Territory of Colorado. In 1877, Ouray County became the first county created by the new State of Colorado, Carbonate County was the shortest lived former Colorado county, existing only two days in 1879 before being dissolved
13.
U.S. state
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A U. S. state is a constituent political entity of the United States of America. There are 50 states, which are together in a union with each other. Each state holds administrative jurisdiction over a geographic territory. Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the government, Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons covered by certain types of court orders. States range in population from just under 600,000 to over 39 million, four states use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names. States are divided into counties or county-equivalents, which may be assigned some local authority but are not sovereign. County or county-equivalent structure varies widely by state, State governments are allocated power by the people through their individual constitutions. All are grounded in principles, and each provides for a government. States possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, Constitution has been amended, and the interpretation and application of its provisions have changed. The general tendency has been toward centralization and incorporation, with the government playing a much larger role than it once did. There is a debate over states rights, which concerns the extent and nature of the states powers and sovereignty in relation to the federal government. States and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a legislature consisting of the Senate. Each state is represented in the Senate by two senators, and is guaranteed at least one Representative in the House, members of the House are elected from single-member districts. Representatives are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census, the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50, alaska and Hawaii are the most recent states admitted, both in 1959. The Constitution is silent on the question of states have the power to secede from the Union. Shortly after the Civil War, the U. S. Supreme Court, in Texas v. White, as a result, while the governments of the various states share many similar features, they often vary greatly with regard to form and substance
14.
2010 United States Census
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The 2010 United States Census, is the twenty-third and currently most recent United States national census. National Census Day, the day used for the census, was April 1,2010. As part of a drive to increase the accuracy,635,000 temporary enumerators were hired. The population of the United States was counted as 308,745,538, as required by the United States Constitution, the U. S. census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. The 2000 U. S. Census was the previous census completed, participation in the U. S. Census is required by law in Title 13 of the United States Code. On January 25,2010, Census Bureau Director Robert Groves personally inaugurated the 2010 Census enumeration by counting World War II veteran Clifton Jackson, more than 120 million census forms were delivered by the U. S. Post Office beginning March 15,2010, the number of forms mailed out or hand-delivered by the Census Bureau was approximately 134 million on April 1,2010. The 2010 Census national mail participation rate was 74%, from April through July 2010, census takers visited households that did not return a form, an operation called non-response follow-up. In December 2010, the Census Bureau delivered population information to the president for apportionment, personally identifiable information will be available in 2082. The Census Bureau did not use a form for the 2010 Census. In several previous censuses, one in six households received this long form, the 2010 Census used only a short form asking ten basic questions, How many people were living or staying in this house, apartment, or mobile home on April 1,2010. Were there any additional people staying here on April 1,2010 that you did not include in Question 1, mark all that apply, Is this house, apartment, or mobile home – What is your telephone number. What is Person 1s age and Person 1s date of birth, is Person 1 of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin. Does Person 1 sometimes live or stay somewhere else, the form included space to repeat some or all of these questions for up to twelve residents total. In contrast to the 2000 census, an Internet response option was not offered, detailed socioeconomic information collected during past censuses will continue to be collected through the American Community Survey. The survey provides data about communities in the United States on a 1-year or 3-year cycle, depending on the size of the community, rather than once every 10 years. A small percentage of the population on a basis will receive the survey each year. In June 2009, the U. S. Census Bureau announced that it would count same-sex married couples, however, the final form did not contain a separate same-sex married couple option
15.
Steamboat Springs, Colorado
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The City of Steamboat Springs, often shortened as Steamboat, is a Home Rule Municipality that is the county seat and the most populous city of Routt County, Colorado, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 12,088, the city is an internationally known winter ski resort destination. The Steamboat Springs tourism industry is highlighted by Steamboat Ski Resort and it also contains the much smaller Howelsen Ski Area. It is located in the valley of the Yampa River, along U. S. Highway 40 just west of the Continental Divide. The area surrounding Steamboat Springs was originally inhabited by the Yampatikas Utes, trappers began to move through the area during the first decades of the 19th century. James Harvey Crawford, the founder of Steamboat Springs, first arrived in the spring of 1874, the Crawford family moved there in 1876, and for the first five years were the sole permanent residents of the town. The native Utes were forcibly removed from the area to a reservation in Utah by the U. S. Army starting in 1879. Milestones in the development of the town included the first sawmill in 1873, incorporation of the town in 1900. The economy of the region was based on ranching and mining. Steamboat is home to hot springs that are located throughout the area. Upon first hearing a sound, early trappers believed that a steamboat was coming down the river. When the trappers saw that there was no steamboat, and that the sound was coming from a hot spring, originally, skiing was the only method of transportation during harsh and snowy Rocky Mountain winters. In turn, the popularity of skiing as a winter pastime catalyzed development of the town, in 1913, Carl Howelsen, a Norwegian, moved to town and introduced ski jumping. Howelsen built the first jump on Howelsen Hill, now part of the Howelsen Ski Area and he also founded the annual Winter Carnival, a celebration still held each winter. The festival includes ski racing and jumping, dog sledding, and chariot events down Lincoln Avenue, light shows on both Mount Werner and Howelsen Hill are highlights. The Steamboat Ski Resort was largely established by two men, Jim Temple and John Fetcher. Temple led the effort to develop the area, Fetcher, a local rancher, was the main designer and builder. The resort opened on what was then called Storm Mountain in 1963, the company is one of the largest employers in Routt County and has more than 9,000 employees worldwide
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Routt County, Colorado
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Routt County is one of the 64 counties in the U. S. state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 23,509, the county seat is Steamboat Springs. Routt County comprises the Steamboat Springs, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area, placer gold was found near Hahns Peak in 1864 as part of the Colorado Gold Rush. Routt County was created out of the portion of Grand County on January 29,1877. It was named in honor of John Long Routt, the last territorial, the western portion of Routt County was split off to form Moffat County on February 27,1911. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 2,368 square miles. The population density was 8 people per square mile, there were 11,217 housing units at an average density of 5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 96. 90% White,0. 13% Black or African American,0. 49% Native American,0. 39% Asian,0. 09% Pacific Islander,0. 73% from other races, and 1. 28% from two or more races. 3. 22% of the population were Hispanic Latino of any race,24. 40% of all households were made up of individuals and 3. 70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the family size was 2.92. In the county, the population was out with 22. 60% under the age of 18,10. 10% from 18 to 24,36. 50% from 25 to 44,25. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 35 years, for every 100 females there were 116.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 119.40 males, the median income for a household in the county was $53,612, and the median income for a family was $61,927. Males had an income of $36,997 versus $26,576 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,792, about 2. 80% of families and 6. 10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5. 20% of those under age 18 and 7. 70% of those age 65 or over. Routt County used to be a Republican leaning county, but it has started to trend heavily Democratic, in 2016, Hillary Clinton won the county 54-37. The last Republican to win the county was George W. Bush in 2000, bill Clinton won pluralities in 1992 and 1996. However, from 1968 to 1988, Republicans won majorities in the county, lyndon Johnson won Routt by a healthy margin of 63-37 in 1964
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David Moffat
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David Halliday Moffat was an American financier and industrialist. Moffat was one of Denvers most important financiers and industrialists in late 19th and early 20th century Colorado and he served as president, treasurer and as a board member of railroads, banks and city government posts. Over the years he had claims to one hundred Colorado mines. Moffat died on March 18,1911 in New York City at the age of seventy three, some had said that he had vainly spent fourteen million dollars on the dream of a railroad directly west from Denver. The Denver, Northwestern & Pacific Railway had cost him $75,000 a mile and he was in New York city trying to raise more money, and was stopped by what would later be learned was the doing of E. H. Harriman and George Jay Gould I. He was one of the greatest threats they had faced in years, although Moffat was looked at the time as a vain dreamer, he would later be viewed by many as ahead of his time. His legacy would leave Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad and later Union Pacific Railroad with a railroad that would outlast most other lines in Colorado. He would have Moffat Tunnel and Moffat County, Colorado named after him, Moffat was born in Washingtonville, New York to David and Eleanor Louisa Moffat. In 1851, when he was years old, he moved to New York City. His starting position was minor, but he was eager to learn the banking business, Moffat was noted by the president, and advanced to the position of assistant teller. In 1855 he made his way to Des Moines, Iowa, Moffat then became cashier of the Bank of Nebraska, owned by B. F. Alien, of Des Moines Iowa. He moved to Denver, Colorado in 1860 where he opened a bookstore on 15th, the book and stationery store was not highly profitable, so after a few years he went back to banking. On April 17,1865 the First National Bank of Denver, was organized and it had little success until 1867, when Moffat was elected cashier. He remained the controlling mind in the institution until his death and he instituted polices and methods which led to the growth and success of the bank for years to come. The decision to build the railroad to the north had left the Denver area stranded from the major transportation routes. As a result, Thomas Durant, vice president of the Union Pacific, Colorado Territorial Governor John Evans declared that Colorado without railroads is comparatively worthless. The company was incorporated on November 19,1867 as the Denver Pacific Railway, the company broke ground on its Cheyenne line on May 18,1868, at a spot near where the Denver Coliseum now stands. The line took approximately two years to complete and it followed the South Platte River through present-day Greeley
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Denver and Salt Lake Railway
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The Denver, Northwestern and Pacific Railway was a U. S. railroad company in Colorado. By the time the company was acquired by the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad it was known as the Moffat Tunnel Route. The portions still in use today are known as the Moffat Tunnel Subdivision of Union Pacific Railroads Central Corridor, prior to the lines construction there was no direct line west of Denver, with rail traffic having to detour south to Pueblo or north to Cheyenne. The line initially featured an arduous grade over Rollins Pass, until the pass was bypassed by the Moffat Tunnel. The Denver, Northwestern and Pacific Railway was first incorporated on July 18,1902, by David H. Moffat, Walter S. Cheesman, William Gray Evans, Charles J. Hughes, Jr. George E. Ross-Lewin, S. M. David H. Moffat and his business associates established the Denver, Northwestern and it originated in Denver, and was planned to terminate in Salt Lake City, Utah. Construction began on December 18,1902, the DN&P started north up the Front Range of the Rockies towards Boulder. This ascent to the point where the line turned west, is an example of exceptional mountain railroad surveying. Sumner, needing to enter South Boulder Canyon as high as possible, to do this, he laid out an efficient route to gain the necessary altitude that features the now famous Big Ten Curve. The climb to the Continental Divide required 33 tunnels that were several hundred feet long, the tracks did not reach the western end of the Tolland area until 1903. Once completed, the 33 tunnels between Denver and Tolland are closer together than any other tunnels on any line in the US. Rollins Pass was next over the divide at Corona, at an elevation 11,680 feet, originally, Moffat had planned to build a tunnel through the worst part of the pass, but his plans failed. Instead, the DNW&P tracks climbed Rollins Pass with a series of switch back loops requiring steep grades, the line over the pass was 23 miles long, with a 4% grade at many locations, and was the highest mainline railroad ever constructed in North America. A small rail stop called Corona was established at the top of the pass, with a restaurant and lodging, trains were often stranded for several days during heavy Winter snows. Removing snow from the line made it unprofitable to operate. The line was complete to Arrow by the winter of 1904, in the spring of 1905, the tracks were completed to Fraser. From there, the tracks went through Tabernash, Granby, Hot Sulphur Springs, Byers Canyon and then Parshall, the town of Kremmling, Colorado, was reached in July 1906. The tracks then went west through the Gore Canyon past Radium and these tracks reached Steamboat Springs in the Winter of 1909
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Denver
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Denver, officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U. S. state of Colorado. Denver is in the South Platte River Valley on the edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, Denver is nicknamed the Mile-High City because its official elevation is exactly one mile above sea level, making it the highest major city in the United States. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich, the reference for the Mountain Time Zone. Denver is ranked as a Beta- world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. With a 2015 estimated population of 682,545, Denver ranks as the 19th-most populous U. S. city, and with a 2. 8% increase in 2015, the city is also the fastest-growing major city in the United States. The 10-county Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area had an estimated 2015 population of 2,814,330 and ranked as the 19th most populous U. S. metropolitan statistical area. The 12-city Denver-Aurora, CO Combined Statistical Area had an estimated 2015 population of 3,418,876, which ranks as the 16th most populous U. S. metropolitan area. Denver is the most populous city of the 18-county Front Range Urban Corridor, Denver is the most populous city within a 500-mile radius and the second-most populous city in the Mountain West after Phoenix, Arizona. In 2016, Denver was named the best place to live in the USA by U. S. News & World Report and this was the first historical settlement in what was later to become the city of Denver. The site faded quickly, however, and by the summer of 1859 it was abandoned in favor of Auraria, Larimer named the townsite Denver City to curry favor with Kansas Territorial Governor James W. Denver. Larimer hoped the name would help make it the county seat of Arapaho County but, unbeknownst to him. The location was accessible to existing trails and was across the South Platte River from the site of seasonal encampments of the Cheyenne, the site of these first towns is now the site of Confluence Park near downtown Denver. Larimer, along with associates in the St. Charles City Land Company, sold parcels in the town to merchants and miners, Denver City was a frontier town, with an economy based on servicing local miners with gambling, saloons, livestock and goods trading. In the early years, land parcels were often traded for grubstakes or gambled away by miners in Auraria, in May 1859, Denver City residents donated 53 lots to the Leavenworth & Pikes Peak Express in order to secure the regions first overland wagon route. Offering daily service for passengers, mail, freight, and gold, in 1863, Western Union furthered Denvers dominance of the region by choosing the city for its regional terminus. The Colorado Territory was created on February 28,1861, Arapahoe County was formed on November 1,1861, Denver City served as the Arapahoe County Seat from 1861 until consolidation in 1902. In 1867, Denver City became the territorial capital, with its newfound importance, Denver City shortened its name to Denver
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Salt Lake City
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Salt Lake City, often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC, is the capital and the most populous municipality of the U. S. state of Utah. With an estimated population of 190,884 in 2014, the city lies at the core of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, Salt Lake City is further situated within a larger metropolis known as the Salt Lake City-Ogden-Provo Combined Statistical Area. This region is a corridor of contiguous urban and suburban development stretched along an approximately 120-mile segment of the Wasatch Front and it is one of only two major urban areas in the Great Basin. The city was founded in 1847 by Brigham Young, Isaac Morley, George Washington Bradley and numerous other Mormon followers, who extensively irrigated and cultivated the arid valley. Due to its proximity to the Great Salt Lake, the city was originally named Great Salt Lake City—the word great was dropped from the name in 1868 by the 17th Utah Territorial Legislature. Today, however, less than half the population of Salt Lake City proper are members of the LDS Church. It was traversed by the Lincoln Highway, the first transcontinental highway, in 1913, Salt Lake City has since developed a strong outdoor recreation tourist industry based primarily on skiing, and hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics. It is the banking center of the United States. Before Mormon settlement, the Shoshone, Ute, and Paiute had dwelt in the Salt Lake Valley for thousands of years. The land was treated by the United States as public domain, the first U. S. explorer in the Salt Lake area is believed to be Jim Bridger in 1825, although others had been in Utah earlier, some as far north as the nearby Utah Valley. Frémont surveyed the Great Salt Lake and the Salt Lake Valley in 1843 and 1845, the Donner Party, a group of ill-fated pioneers, had traveled through the Great Salt Lake Valley in August 1846. The first permanent settlements in the date to the arrival of the Latter-day Saints on July 24,1847. Upon arrival at the Salt Lake Valley, president of the church Brigham Young is recorded as stating, This is the right place, Brigham Young claimed to have seen the area in a vision prior to the wagon trains arrival. They found the broad valley empty of any human settlement, four days after arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, Brigham Young designated the building site for the Salt Lake Temple, which would eventually become a famous Mormon and Salt Lake City landmark. The Salt Lake Temple, constructed on the block that would later be called Temple Square, construction started in 1853, and the temple was dedicated on 6 April 1893. The temple has become an icon for the city and serves as its centerpiece, in fact, the southeast corner of Temple Square is the initial point of reference for the Salt Lake Meridian, and for all addresses in the Salt Lake Valley. The Mormon pioneers organized a new state called Deseret and petitioned for its recognition in 1849, the United States Congress rebuffed the settlers in 1850 and established the Utah Territory, vastly reducing its size, and designated Fillmore as its capital city. Great Salt Lake City replaced Fillmore as the capital in 1858
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Rio Blanco County, Colorado
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Rio Blanco County is one of the 64 counties of the U. S. state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,666, the name of the county is the Spanish language name for the White River which runs through it. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 3,223 square miles. The population density was 2 people per square mile, there were 2,855 housing units at an average density of 1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 95. 01% White,0. 18% Black or African American,0. 77% Native American,0. 28% Asian,2. 02% from other races,4. 94% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 24. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.98. In the county, the population was out with 26. 50% under the age of 18,9. 20% from 18 to 24,27. 50% from 25 to 44,25. 60% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 101.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.60 males, the median income for a household in the county was $37,711, and the median income for a family was $44,425. Males had an income of $38,125 versus $19,940 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,344, about 6. 70% of families and 9. 60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11. 60% of those under age 18 and 10. 40% of those age 65 or over
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Uintah County, Utah
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Uintah County /juːˈɪntə/ is a county located in the U. S. state of Utah. As of the 2010 census the population was 32,588 and its county seat and largest city is Vernal. The county was named for the portion of the Ute Indian tribe that lived in the basin, Uintah County is the largest natural gas producer in Utah, with 272 billion cubic feet produced in 2008. The Vernal, UT Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Uintah County, archeologic evidence suggests that portions of the Uinta Basin have been inhabited by Archaic peoples and Fremont peoples. By the time of recorded history its inhabitants were the Ute people, the first known traverse by non-Indians was made by Fathers Dominguez and Escalante, as they sought to establish a land route between California and Spanish America. By the early century, occasional fur trappers entered the Basin. In 1831-32 Antoine Robidoux, a French trapper licensed by the Mexican government and he abandoned the effort in 1844. In 1847 the Great Salt Lake Valley, still a property of Mexico, was first colonized by Brigham Young, Young made no further effort to colonize the area. In 1861 US President Abraham Lincoln created the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation, reserved for the use and habitation of Utah, in the 1880s the Uncompahgre Reservation was created in the southern portion of present-day Uintah County. Gilsonite was discovered in 1888 at Bonanza, in central Uintah County and this was on Reservation land, but miners pressured the US government to remove some 7000 acres for mining use. Mining and its associated activities rapidly boomed in that area, the northern boundary of Uintah County originally extended to the north border of Utah. In 1918 the extreme northern portion was split off to form Daggett County, Utah. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 4,501 square miles. This basin was formed by a lake during the late Tertiary period. Dyer Mine, 40°44′7. 63″N 109°34′6. 1″W, elevation,9,852 feet MSL Little Water Mine, 40°32′15. 37″N 109°49′20. 54″W, elevation,6,913 feet MSL Uteland Mine, the population density was 6 people per square mile. There were 9,040 housing units at a density of 2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 87. 73% White,0. 11% Black or African American,9. 38% Native American,0. 22% Asian,0. 08% Pacific Islander,1. 05% from other races, and 1. 43% from two or more races. 3. 54% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race,17. 20% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
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Daggett County, Utah
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Daggett County is a county located in the northeastern corner of the U. S. state of Utah. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,059 and its county seat and only municipality is Manila. The county was named for Ellsworth Daggett, the first surveyor-general of Utah, there is one other small community, Dutch John, which became an incorporated town in January 2016. It is in the corner of the Colorado-Wyoming state line, Daggett County was formed in 1918. It received its name from Ellsworth Daggett, the first surveyor, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 721 square miles, of which 697 square miles is land and 24 square miles is water. It is the fourth-smallest county in Utah by area, over 90% of the land of Daggett County is under federal ownership. The population density was 1.52 people per square mile, there were 1,141 housing units at an average density of 1.63 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 95. 94% White,0. 38% Black or African American,0. 76% Native American,0. 38% Asian,0. 09% Pacific Islander,1. 42% from other races, and 1. 04% from two or more races. 3. 12% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,29. 11% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 62% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the family size was 2.91. In the county, the population was out with 23. 61% under the age of 20,3. 78% from 20 to 24,24. 93% from 25 to 44,28. 71% from 45 to 64. The median age was 42.8 years, for every 100 females there were 129.22 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 135.17 males, Daggett County is governed by three commissioners, an auditor/recorder, a clerk/treasurer, an assessor and a sheriff, all elected for four-year terms in partisan elections. Judges stand for non-partisan retention election every four years, the few commercial establishments in Daggett County exist to service visitors to the Flaming Gorge National Recreation Area. There is one general store, three gas stations, five cafes or restaurants, five inns/motels, and a few miscellaneous businesses. The economy is related to recreation, management of government land. There are no railroads within Daggett County, main highways include U. S. Route 191, State Route 43, and State Route 44. Dutch John Manila Flaming Gorge Linwood National Register of Historic Places listings in Daggett County, Utah USS Daggett County
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Sweetwater County, Wyoming
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Sweetwater County is a county located in the U. S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2010 census, the population was 43,806 and its county seat is Green River. In area, it is the largest county in the state and it is in the southwestern part of Wyoming, north of the Colorado-Utah state line. Sweetwater County comprises the Rock Springs, WY Micropolitan Statistical Area, Sweetwater County was originally created on December 17,1867 as a county within the Dakota Territory. The county was derived from land that was part of Laramie County. The county was originally named Carter County for Judge W. A. Carter of Fort Bridger In 1869, also in 1869, Uinta County was organized with land ceded by Sweetwater County. Johnson County, originally named Pease County, was formed parts of Sweetwater County. In 1884, Sweetwater County lost territory when Fremont County was created, Sweetwater County also lost territory when Carbon County was formed in 1886. At that point, the county achieved its present boundaries except for adjustments in 1909,1911. South Pass City was the county seat from 1867 until 1873, at that time, the county seat was moved to Green River. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 10,491 square miles. The largest county in Wyoming, Sweetwater County is larger than six states and is the eighth-largest county in the United States, most of the Great Divide Basin lies within the county, comprising the countys northeast quadrant. The population density was 4 people per square mile, there were 15,921 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 62% White,0. 73% Black or African American,1. 01% Native American,0. 64% Asian,0. 04% Pacific Islander,3. 59% from other races, and 2. 37% from two or more races. 9. 42% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,16. 4% are of English,16. 2% German, 9% Irish and 5% Italian ancestry. 23. 60% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.11. In the county, the population was out with 28. 90% under the age of 18,10. 10% from 18 to 24,29. 30% from 25 to 44,23. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 102.40 males
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Carbon County, Wyoming
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Carbon County is a county located in the U. S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2010 census, the population was 15,885 and it is north from the Colorado state line. Carbon County was organized in 1868. S. government and this area is defined by the 42nd parallel on the north, and straight lines south from there to the headwaters of the Arkansas river on the east and the headwaters of the Rio Grande on the west. The documents defining that area include the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819, the 1824 Constitution of Mexico, Carbon County was organized December 16,1868, from Laramie County in Dakota Territory, which at the time had jurisdiction over part of modern-day Wyoming. It became a county in Wyoming Territory when that government was formally organized on May 19,1869. In 1868, the Union Pacific Railroad opened the first coal mine in Carbon County, in 1875, Carbon County lost territory when Johnson County was created by the legislature of the Wyoming Territory. Natrona County was created with land ceded by Carbon County in 1888, the boundaries of the county were final at that time except for minor adjustments in 1911. From 1978-1982, Carbon County was represented in the Wyoming House of Representatives by Democrat Thomas E. Trowbridge of Saratoga, from 1982-1986, Trowbridge was a member of the Wyoming State Senate. He was later appointed by Governor Mike Sullivan to the Wyoming State Board of Equalization, trowbridges father, Elton Trowbridge, held the state House seat from Carbon County from 1961 until his death in office in 1974. George R. Salisbury, Jr. a rancher from Savery and he was succeeded in office by his son-in-law and fellow Democrat, Patrick F. OToole, also a Savery rancher. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 7,964 square miles. It is the third-largest county in Wyoming by area, the population density was 2 people per square mile. There were 8,307 housing units at a density of 1 per square mile. 13. 83% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,20. 1% were of German,11. 8% English,10. 0% Irish and 8. 9% American ancestry. Of 6,129 households,364 were unmarried partner households,318 heterosexual,41 same-sex male,27. 50% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the family size was 2.91. In the county, the population was out with 24. 10% under the age of 18,8. 60% from 18 to 24,28. 40% from 25 to 44,26. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 39 years, for every 100 females there were 115.30 males
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Dinosaur National Monument
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Dinosaur National Monument is a U. S. National Monument located on the southeast flank of the Uinta Mountains on the border between Colorado and Utah at the confluence of the Green and Yampa Rivers. Although most of the monument area is in Moffat County, Colorado, the nearest communities are Jensen, Utah and Dinosaur, Colorado. This park contains over 800 paleontological sites and has fossils of dinosaurs including Allosaurus, Deinonychus, Abydosaurus and various long-neck and it was declared a National Monument on October 4,1915. The rock layer enclosing the fossils is a sandstone and conglomerate bed of alluvial or river bed known as the Morrison Formation from the Jurassic Period some 150 million years old. The dinosaurs and other ancient animals were carried by the system which eventually entombed their remains. The pile of sediments were buried and lithified into solid rock. The layers of rock were later uplifted and tilted to their present angle by the mountain building forces that formed the Uintas during the Laramide orogeny, the relentless forces of erosion exposed the layers at the surface to be found by paleontologists. The dinosaur fossil beds were discovered in 1909 by Earl Douglass and he and his crews excavated thousands of fossils and shipped them back to the museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania for study and display. President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the dinosaur beds as Dinosaur National Monument in 1915, though lesser-known than the fossil beds, the petroglyphs in Dinosaur National Monument are another treasure the monument holds. Due to problems with vandals, many of the sites are not listed on area maps, the controversy assumed major proportions, dominating conservation politics for years. They argued that, if a national monument was not safe from development, after much debate, Congress settled on a compromise that eliminated Echo Park Dam and authorized the rest of the project. The Colorado River Storage Project Act became law on April 11,1956. It stated, “that no dam or reservoir constructed under the authorization of the Act shall be within any National Park or Monument. ”Historians view the Echo Park Dam controversy as signaling the start of an era that includes major conservationist political successes such as the Wilderness Act and the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act. Mantles Cave is a prehistoric Fremont culture residential site from 499 BC - AD1749, typical of high deserts, summer temperatures can be exceedingly hot, while winter temperatures can be very cold. Snowfall is common, but the snow melts rapidly in the arid, rainfall is very low, and the evaporation rate classifies the area as desert, even though the rainfall just barely exceeds 10 inches. The Wall of Bones located within the Dinosaur Quarry building in the consists of a steeply tilted rock layer which contains hundreds of dinosaur fossils. The enclosing rock has been chipped away to reveal the fossil bones intact for public viewing, in July 2006, the Quarry Visitor Center was closed due to structural problems that since 1957 had plagued the building because it was built on unstable clay. It was announced in April 2009 that Dinosaur National Monument would receive $13.1 million to refurbish, the Park Service successfully rebuilt the Quarry Exhibit Hall, supporting its weight on 70-foot steel micropile columns that extend to the bedrock below the unstable clay
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White River National Forest
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White River National Forest is a National Forest in northwest Colorado. It is named after the White River that passes through its northern section and it is the most visited National Forest in the United States, primarily from users of the twelve ski areas within its boundaries. In descending order of area it is located in parts of Eagle, Pitkin, Garfield, Summit, Rio Blanco, Mesa, Gunnison, Routt. The forest contains 1,900 mi. of forest system roads,2,500 mi of trails, and the Dillon, Green Mountain, Ruedi, the forest is managed from Forest Service offices in Glenwood Springs. There are local district offices in Aspen, Carbondale, Eagle, Meeker, Minturn, Rifle. Five of them extend into neighboring National Forests, big Game Hunters Guide to Colorado. Second ed. Wilderness Adventures Press,2008, Forest Plan Focus, White River National Forest, August 1997. Graves, Henry S. Vacation days in Colorados national forests
28.
Yampa River State Park
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Yampa River State Park is a Colorado state park located along the Yampa River in Routt and Moffat Counties in northwestern Colorado in the United States. Yampa River State Park provides 13 access points for boaters along 134 miles of the Yampa River from Hayden to the boundary of Dinosaur National Monument. Walkways and hiking trails explore the rivers canyons and riparian zones, surrounding rock formations, a visitor center with a nature trail is located 17 miles east of Craig. Campgrounds A main campground is adjacent to the visitors center and this campground has 50 campsites including 35 RV electric sites,10 tent sites, and five sites for group camping. The park also includes less developed campsites near many of the access points Yampa River State Park Colorado Parks & Wildlife
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Dinosaur Diamond Scenic Byway
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The Dinosaur Diamond Scenic Byway is a 512-mile-long National Scenic Byway in the U. S. states of Utah and Colorado. The highway forms a loop with vertices at Moab, Helper, Vernal. The segment within Utah is known as the Dinosaur Diamond Prehistoric Highway, the segment within Colorado is known as the Dinosaur Diamond Scenic and Historic Byway. The path of Interstate 70 in Colorado is derived from two highways, U. S. Highway 6 and US40. US40 was a piece of the U. S. Highway system commissioned in 1926. The portion now numbered US6 came about in 1937 when the route over Vail Pass was paved, the first route through the path of I-70 in Utah was the Old Spanish Trail, a trade route between Santa Fe, New Mexico, and Los Angeles, California. The trail was in use before the Mexican-American War in 1848. The following Colorado routes are included in the Colorado portion of the Dinosaur Diamond Scenic and Historic Byway, in the vicinity of Grand Junction are the White River, Uncompahgre, and Grand Mesa National Forests. Other notable features include the Powderhorn Resort, and the geologic features of Book Cliffs. Traveling about 10 miles westbound on I-70 will lead to Fruita, a town within view of the Colorado National Monument. From the trails, one may view such as the Book Cliffs and Coke Ovens overlooks, and unique rock formations such as Independence Monument. Fruita is also the home of Mike the Headless Chicken, a small statue dedicated to Mike can also be seen in the town. Just west of Fruita, the byway turns north onto SH-139, traveling 78 miles to the town of Rangely. Nearby attractions include the Rangely Outdoor Museum and the Cañon Pintado Historic District petroglyphs, the byway continues 18 miles northwest on SH-64, to the small town of Dinosaur. Nearby Dinosaur is the jewel of the DD, the Dinosaur National Monument. Visitors can also see the preparation laboratory where dinosaur fossils are cleaned and preserved, upon leaving Dinosaur, the DD continues west on US40 and crosses the border into Utah. Continuing along the Dinosaur Diamond, US40 and US191 converge within Vernal, Roosevelt is located on the edge of the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation. Heading 29 miles to the west is the county seat of Duchesne, nearby Duchesne are Starvation State Park and Kings Peak, which is part of the Uinta Mountain range
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U.S. Route 40 in Colorado
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In the U. S. state of Colorado, U. S. Route 40 is a major east–west route. It crosses the Rocky Mountains, passing over the Continental Divide at Berthoud Pass before descending to the front range and it then traverses through the Denver Metro Area, then exits by following I-70 and US287. It is concurrent with US287 for about 145 miles to Kit Carson, US40 exits into Kansas east of Arapahoe in Cheyenne. Entering Colorado to the south of Dinosaur National Monument, U. S.40 runs east through the town of Dinosaur along Brontosaurus Boulevard. The route continues a generally easterly course though Moffat and Routt counties and it generally follows the course of the Yampa River. U. S.40 becomes Lincoln Avenue as it runs through historic downtown Steamboat Springs, taking a circuitous route through Rabbit Ears Pass, Muddy Pass and Berthoud Pass it descends the escarpment along the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains. Just to the east of Empire, it merges with Interstate 70 for the first time, US40 and I-70 will frequently share pavement across the U. S. The route leaves I-70 at exit 244, to the west of Idaho Springs, along with US40, the entire route along Colfax Avenue is cosigned as Business Loop 70. The route travels northeast through Golden, then due east to travel through Lakewood, Denver. Among the sights to be seen along US40 is Lake Steam Bath, also along Colfax Avenue in Denver is the Denver branch of the United States Mint, which produces 50 million coins per day. US40 rejoins I-70 at exit 288, just to the east of Aurora, at exit 359 in Limon, US40 leaves I-70 along Main Street, which it shares with Business Loop 70, US24, US287, and SH71. US 40/US287 continues to the southeast to the town of Kit Carson, from there, it leaves US287 and continues east through the towns of Cheyenne Wells and Arapahoe before entering the state of Kansas
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Colorado State Highway 13
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State Highway 13 in the U. S. state of Colorado is a north–south mountain route that travels from Rifle to the Wyoming border near Baggs, Wyoming, through the Rocky Mountains. The route begins at an interchange with Interstate 70 south of Rifle. It then crosses the Colorado River and intersects U. S. Highway 6 at the side of Rifle. Along the north side of town the road turns northeastward as it passes through the northern Rifle and into grassland. As the road turns northward and then slightly northwestward, the surrounding terrain turns into a more barren land dotted with occasional shrubs. As the road continues northwestward, the shrubs and trees become more dense along hillsides, SH13 then crosses into Rio Blanco County, when the direction becomes straight north. SH13 then interchanges with State Highway 64, which meets its east end here, SH13 then becomes Market Street as it cuts through the south side of Meeker, paralleling the White River. Following an intersection with a road leading to Meeker Airport. Following several miles of land north of Meeker, SH13 exits the White River Valley. The road then follows the Good Springs Creek valley to the Moffat county line, SH13 continues through rural Moffat County and gradually turns eastward and again northward after a several miles. Near Hamilton, the next destination, the road meets State Highway 317. After a distance winding through barren land, the road reaches Craig, following the overlap SH13 again moves northward, out of town and along the Fortification Creek valley. Here fields, are located along the road, moving northwestward, eventually, after moving along several miles of road through farmland, the road reaches the Wyoming state line. The road continues as Wyoming Highway 789 to Baggs, the route was established in the 1920s and was paved by 1947. Minor changes corrected the route to its current routing today by 1985, SH13 was once cosigned as SH789. Media related to Colorado State Highway 13 at Wikimedia Commons
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Wyoming Highway 70
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Wyoming Highway 70 is a state highway in southern Wyoming. The route travels from an intersection with Wyoming Highway 789 in Baggs eastward to Wyoming Highway 230 in Riverside, WYO70 over Battle Pass is closed during winter. The section of the route within Medicine Bow National Forest is designated the Battle Pass Scenic Byway, Wyoming Highway 70 begins in Baggs at Wyoming Highway 789 and heads east through southern Carbon County near the Colorado state line. Highway 70 travels through the communities of Dixon and Savery before dipping across the state line and this short section through Moffat County, Colorado is not part of the Colorado State Highway System, and is maintained by the Wyoming Department of Transportation. At 16.7 miles, Wyoming 70 intersects with former Colorado State Highway 129, thereafter the highway travels through very scenic Medicine Bow National Forest and passes over Battle Pass at an elevation of 9,955 feet. After leaving the national forest, Highway 70 passes through Encampment, during the spring of 2011, a landslide occurred on WYO70 near milepost 31, about halfway between Baggs and Encampment. The slide destroyed a 1, 000-foot length of the highway, as a result, a temporary one-lane detour was constructed. Reconstruction of the road where the slide occurred was ruled out after geologic investigations found the slide is likely to continue moving in the future, work to realign WYO70 around to the north of the slide area is being done. WYDOT anticipates the realignment project would require two construction seasons, during which time the existing detour would be maintained, on November 15,2012, The Wyoming Highway Commission designated Wyoming State Highway 70 as the Battle Pass Scenic Byway. A local support group, Battle Pass Scenic Byway Alliance, Inc. is a organization that is coordinating the interpretive signage along this unique roadway across the Continental Divide. Between the 1940s and 1960s, Wyoming Highway 70 connected with former Colorado State Highway 129, during the time Highway 129 existed, WY70 didnt exist as it does now. Only the western part from SH129 to Baggs was designated as Highway 70, former Colorado State Highway 129 is now Routt County Route 129. The Continental Divide Trail traverses Battle Pass, resupply is available in the nearby Town of Encampment to the east. Local camping is available just north of the highway, in 2010 a small trailer was parked just off the highway on private property for the use of thru-hikers
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1920 United States Census
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In 1929, Congress passed the Reapportionment Act of 1929 which provided for a permanent method of reapportionment and fixed the number of Representatives at 435. The original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in the 1940s, the microfilmed census is available in rolls from the National Archives and Records Administration. Several organizations also host images of the census online. Microdata from the 1920 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files,1921 U. S Census Report Contains 1920 Census results Historic US Census data 1920 Census,1920 United States Census for Genealogy & Family History Research 1920 Census
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1930 United States Census
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The original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in 1949, after which the original sheets were destroyed. The microfilmed census is located on 2,667 rolls of microfilm, several organizations also host images of the microfilmed census online, and digital indices. Microdata from the 1930 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System
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1940 United States Census
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The census date of record was April 1,1940. A number of new questions were asked including where people were 5 years before, highest educational grade achieved and this census introduced sampling techniques, one in 20 people were asked additional questions on the census form. Other innovations included a field test of the census in 1939, the 1940 census collected the following information, In addition, a sample of individuals were asked additional questions covering age at first marriage, fertility, and other topics. Full documentation on the 1940 census, including forms and a procedural history, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Following completion of the census, the original sheets were microfilmed. As required by Title 13 of the U. S. Code, non-personally identifiable information Microdata from the 1940 census is freely available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Also, aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, on April 2, 2012—72 years after the census was taken—microfilmed images of the 1940 census enumeration sheets were released to the public by the National Archives and Records Administration. The records are indexed only by enumeration district upon initial release, several organizations are compiling indices, why the huge interest in the 1940 Census. 1940 Census Questions Hosted at CensusFinder. com
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1950 United States Census
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Full documentation on the 1950 census, including census forms and a procedural history, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Microdata from the 1950 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, personally identifiable information will be available in 2022. Historic US Census data 1951 U. S Census Report Contains 1950 Census results
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1970 United States Census
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Microdata from the 1970 census are freely available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files and these data were originally created and disseminated by DUALabs. Personally identifiable information will be available in 2042, california took over as the most populous state, New York had previously been ranked number one. While the entire country increased to more than 204 million persons, four states lost population with West Virginia leading the list, down 8, historic US Census data 1971 U. S Census Report, with estimated 1970 Census results 1970 Census of Population
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1980 United States Census
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Approximately 16 percent of households received a long form of the 1980 census, which contained over 100 questions. Full documentation on the 1980 census, including forms and a procedural history, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Microdata from the 1980 census are available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, personally identifiable information will be available in 2052. Between the 1980 census and the 1990 census, the United States population increased by approximately 22,164,837 or 9. 8%, historic US Census data 1981 U. S Census Report Contains 1980 Census results
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1990 United States Census
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Approximately 16 percent of households received a long form of the 1990 census, which contained over 100 questions. Full documentation on the 1990 census, including forms and a procedural history, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. It was the first census to designate Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander as a group separate from Asians. To increase black participation in the 1990 United States Census, the bureau recruited Bill Cosby, Magic Johnson, Alfre Woodard, the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, personally identifiable information will be available in 2062. The results of the 1990 census determined the number of seats that each state receives in the United States House of Representatives starting with the 1992 elections, consequently, this affected the number of votes each state has in the Electoral College for the 1992 presidential election. Because of population changes, twenty-one states had changes in their number of seats, eight states gained at least one seat, and thirteen states lost at least one seat. The final result involved 19 seats being switched
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2000 United States Census
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This was the twenty-second federal census and was at the time the largest civilly administered peacetime effort in the United States. Approximately 16 percent of households received a form of the 2000 census. Full documentation on the 2000 census, including forms and a procedural history, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Microdata from the 2000 census is available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, personally identifiable information will be available in 2072. The U. S. resident population includes the number of people in the 50 states. The Bureau also enumerated the residents of the U. S. territory of Puerto Rico, its population was 3,808,610, the 2000 Census was the first time survey options for multiracial Americans were provided. S. Households had access to computers, 42% have Internet access, regionally, the South and West experienced the bulk of the nations population increase,14,790,890 and 10,411,850, respectively. This meant that the center of U. S. population moved to Phelps County. The Northeast grew by 2,785,149, the Midwest by 4,724,144, the results of the census are used to determine how many congressional districts each state is apportioned. Congress defines the formula, in accordance with Title 2 of the U. S. Code, each member of the House represents a population of about 647,000. The populations of the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico are excluded from the apportionment population because they do not have voting seats in the U. S, since the first census in 1790, the decennial count has been the basis for the United States representative form of government. Article I, Section II specifies that The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, in 1790, each member of the House represented about 34,000 residents. Since then, the House more than quadrupled in size, today, each member represents about 20 times as many constituents. This recommendation was followed by the Secretary of Commerce, after the census was tabulated, Utah challenged the results in two different ways. Utah was extremely close to gaining a fourth seat, falling 857 people short. The margin was later shortened to 80 people, after the government discovered that it overcounted the population of North Carolina by 2,673 residents. Utah claimed that individuals traveling abroad as religious missionaries should be counted as residents, almost half of all Mormon missionaries, more than 11,000 individuals, were from Utah, only 102 came from North Carolina
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Census
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A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population, the term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses, other common censuses include agriculture, business, and traffic censuses. United Nations recommendations also cover census topics to be collected, official definitions, classifications, the word is of Latin origin, during the Roman Republic, the census was a list that kept track of all adult males fit for military service. Current administrative data systems allow for other approaches to enumeration with the level of detail but raise concerns about privacy. A census can be contrasted with sampling in which information is obtained only from a subset of a population, typically main population estimates are updated by such intercensal estimates. Modern census data are used for research, business marketing, and planning. Census counts are necessary to adjust samples to be representative of a population by weighting them as is common in opinion polling, similarly, stratification requires knowledge of the relative sizes of different population strata which can be derived from census enumerations. In some countries, the census provides the official used to apportion the number of elected representatives to regions. In many cases, a carefully chosen random sample can provide accurate information than attempts to get a population census. A census is often construed as the opposite of a sample as its intent is to count everyone in a rather than a fraction. However, population censuses rely on a frame to count the population. This is the way to be sure that everyone has been included as otherwise those not responding would not be followed up on. The fundamental premise of a census is that the population is not known, the use of a sampling frame is counterintuitive as it suggests that the population size is already known. However, a census is also used to collect data on the individuals in the nation. This process of sampling marks the difference between historical census, which was a house to house process or the product of a decree. The sampling frame used by census is almost always an address register, thus it is not known if there is anyone resident or how many people there are in each household. Depending on the mode of enumeration, a form is sent to the householder, as a preliminary to the dispatch of forms, census workers will check any address problems on the ground. While it may seem straightforward to use the postal service file for this purpose, a particular problem is what are termed communal establishments which category includes student residences, religious orders, homes for the elderly, people in prisons etc
U.S. Highway 40
State Highway 13
State Highway 64
State Highway 317
State Highway 318
State Highway 394
Wyoming Highway 70
Moffat County, Colorado
