Mongolia participated in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada from 12–28 February 2010. The Mongolian delegation consisted of two cross-country skiers, Khürelbaataryn Khash-Erdene and Erdene-Ochiryn Ochirsüren. The delegation's best finish in any event was 73rd by Ochirsüren in the Women's 10 kilometre freestyle.

During the Parade of Nations at the 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, held beginning at 6:00 PM PST on February 12, 2010, 82 athletes bearing the flags of their respective nations led their national delegations as they paraded into BC Place Stadium in the host city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.