1.
Brookfield Office Properties
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Brookfield Office Properties Inc. is a North American commercial real estate company, wholly owned by Brookfield Property Partners. The company has its headquarters operations in New York, Toronto, the company owns, manages and develops office properties in the downtown core of the American cities of New York City, New York, Washington, D. C. It also operates real estate service businesses and has a land-development business primarily based in Canada, the companys roots go back to the 1900s in Montreal, Quebec. It was known then as the Canadian Arena Company, in a partnership with Toronto investors, it built the Arena Gardens in Toronto. In the 1920s, it built the Montreal Forum, from 1935 to 1957, the company owned the Montreal Canadiens National Hockey League club. The company was acquired by Edper Investments in 1970, in the 1970s, when the company was known as Carena Properties, it expanded its business into commercial real estate. After the Montreal Forum closed, the Forum was sold to competitor Canderel Properties, in 1990, Brookfield acquired a 50% interest in a portfolio of office properties in Toronto, Denver and Minneapolis from BCE Development Corporation. In 1994, this holding was increased to 100% and included BCE Place, now Brookfield Place, Brookfield Properties flagship office complex in Toronto. Brookfield lost out to Silverstein Properties, Inc. on the lease of the World Trade Center in New York City, in 2005 it acquired O&Y Properties Corporation and O&Y Real Estate Investment Trust, the revived and once power house of Olympia and York. In 2006, the company acquired Trizec Properties, which was founded in 1960 by William Zeckendorf, on Earth Day on April 22,2010, the company was listed as one of Canadas The Green 30 Organizations Based On Eco-Friendly Programs and Practices based on an employee poll. Brookfield Office Properties Inc. became the dominant office landlord in the Los Angeless financial district after acquiring MPG Office Trust Inc. As one of the wealthiest real estate companies in the country, they began to aggressively seek tenants in the technology, MPG had been one of Southern Californias most prominent real estate developers and a longtime L. A. office tower owner. They were known as a builder of top-quality office space in Southern California for decades after being founded by Robert F. Maguire in the 1960s, the MPG buildings they acquired include the Gas Company Tower and the Wells Fargo Tower on Bunker Hill. In June,2014, Brookfield Property Partners completed their acquisition of Brookfield Office Properties, BPO common shares were de-listed from the Toronto Stock Exchange as of June 10,2014, and from the New York Stock Exchange on June 20,2014. Brookfield Property Partners is now the owner of all of the issued. On November 15,2011, at around 1,00 a. m. the NYPD went in and cleared the park citing alleged health, later that morning, Judge Lucy Billings issued a court order for the NYPD to allow the protesters back into the park. That injunction was lifted by the NY Supreme Court and the police were allowed to keep the park cleared of tents at the request of Brookfield Properties. Brookfield Condominium Services Ltd. – a leading condominium management corporation in the greater Toronto area Brookfield Residential Properties Inc. – a developer and homebuilder in North America, list of real estate companies of Canada Boston Properties Silverstein Properties Inc
2.
Seating capacity
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Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that seats two to a stadium that seats hundreds of thousands of people. The International Fire Code, portions of which have adopted by many jurisdictions, is directed more towards the use of a facility than the construction. It specifies, For areas having fixed seating without dividing arms and it also requires that every public venue submit a detailed site plan to the local fire code official, including details of the means of egress, seating capacity, arrangement of the seating. Once safety considerations have been satisfied, determinations of seating capacity turn on the size of the venue. For sports venues, the decision on maximum seating capacity is determined by several factors, chief among these are the primary sports program and the size of the market area. Seating capacity of venues also plays a role in what media they are able to provide, in contracting to permit performers to use a theatre or other performing space, the seating capacity of the performance facility must be disclosed. Seating capacity may influence the kind of contract to be used, the seating capacity must also be disclosed to the copyright owner in seeking a license for the copyrighted work to be performed in that venue. Venues that may be leased for private functions such as ballrooms and auditoriums generally advertise their seating capacity, seating capacity is also an important consideration in the construction and use of sports venues such as stadiums and arenas. The seating capacity for restaurants is reported as covers, a restaurant that can seat 99 is said to have 99 covers, seating capacity differs from total capacity, which describes the total number of people who can fit in a venue or in a vehicle either sitting or standing. Use of the term public capacity indicates that a venue is allowed to more people than it can actually seat. Again, the total number of people can refer to either the physical space available or limitations set by law
3.
Montreal Canadiens
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The Montreal Canadiens are a professional ice hockey team based in Montreal, Quebec. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League, the clubs official name is le Club de hockey Canadien. The team is referred to in English and French as the Habs. French nicknames for the team include Les Canadiens, Le Bleu-Blanc-Rouge, La Sainte-Flanelle, Le Tricolore, Les Glorieux, Les Habitants, Le CH and Le Grand Club. Founded in 1909, the Canadiens are the longest continuously operating professional ice hockey team worldwide, the franchise is one of the Original Six teams, a description used for the teams that made up the NHL from 1942 until the 1967 expansion. The teams championship season in 1992–93 was the last time a Canadian team won the Stanley Cup, the Canadiens have won the Stanley Cup more times than any other franchise. They have won 24 Stanley Cups,22 of them since 1927, on a percentage basis, as of 2014, the franchise has won 25. Since 1996, the Canadiens have played their games at Centre Bell. The team previously played at the Montreal Forum which housed the team for seven decades and all, the Canadiens were founded by J. Ambrose OBrien on December 4,1909, as a charter member of the National Hockey Association, the forerunner to the National Hockey League. It was to be the team of the community in Montreal, composed of francophone players. The teams first season was not a success, as they placed last, after the first year, ownership was transferred to George Kennedy of Montreal and the teams fortunes improved over the next seasons. The team won its first Stanley Cup championship in the 1915–16 season, in 1917, with four other NHA teams, the Canadiens formed the NHL, and they won their first NHL Stanley Cup during the 1923–24 season, led by Howie Morenz. The team moved from the Mount Royal Arena to the Montreal Forum for the 1926–27 season, the club began the 1930s decade successfully, with Stanley Cup wins in 1930 and 1931. The Canadiens and its rival, the Montreal Maroons, declined both on the ice and economically during the Great Depression. Losses grew to the point where the team owners considering selling the team to interests in Cleveland, Ohio, the Maroons still suspended operations, and several of their players moved to the Canadiens. Led by the Punch Line of Maurice Rocket Richard, Toe Blake and Elmer Lach in the 1940s, the Canadiens added ten more championships in 15 seasons from 1965 to 1979, with another dynastic run of four-straight Cups from 1976 to 1979. In the 1976–77 season, the Canadiens set two still-standing team records — for most points, with 132, and fewest losses, by losing eight games in an 80-game season. The next season, 1977–78, the team had a 28-game unbeaten streak, scotty Bowman, who would later set a record for most NHL victories by a coach, was the teams head coach for its last five Stanley Cup victories in the 1970s
4.
Montreal Wanderers
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The Montreal Wanderers were a Canadian amateur, and later professional, mens ice hockey team. The team played in the Federal Amateur Hockey League, the Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association, the Wanderers were four-time Stanley Cup winners. Prior to the formation of the NHL, the Redbands were one of the most successful teams in hockey, James Strachan announced the formation of the new club on December 1,1903. McKerrow President, James Strachan Vice-president, George Guile Secretary, Tom J. Hodge The club had formed over a dispute over the control of the Montreal Hockey Club, the Wanderers nickname was the namesake of several earlier Montreal teams. The first had played in the Montreal Winter Carnival hockey tournament in 1884, another was an independent team that played in 1893. A third played in the Independent Amateur Hockey League in 1885, along with teams rejected for membership in the Canadian Amateur Hockey League, the club helped found the Federal Amateur Hockey League on December 5,1903. Many of the early Wanderers had been members of the Montreal Hockey Club team of 1902–03 and that team had been known as the Little Men of Iron because of the players tenacity and small stature, and the nickname carried over to the new club. The Wanderers first Stanley Cup challenge was played against the Ottawa Hockey Club on March 2,1904, the Wanderers would refuse to continue the series unless the tie was replayed in Montreal, and forfeited the series. This was the start of a rivalry as Ottawa and the Wanderers would split the championship between them from 1903 until 1911. Ottawa and the Wanderers would meet again in 1906, after a regular season tie for first place in the ECAHA, and played a total goals series for the league championship. The Wanderers won the first game in Montreal 9–1, Montreal defended the Cup in its first challenge as champions in December 1906. The Wanderers defeated the New Glasgow Cubs 17–5 in a total goals series. Montreal repeated as champions in 1907, then faced the Kenora Thistles in a Cup challenge in January 1907. Kenora defeated Montreal 4–2 and 8–6, taking the Cup back to Northern Ontario, the Wanderers would regain the Cup from Kenora two months later in Winnipeg, Manitoba, defeating the Thistles 7–2 and 5–6. The Wanderers won their third league title in 1908 while defending the Cup in a mid-season challenge by the Ottawa Victorias in January. After their third consecutive ECAHA title, the Wanderers were given its trophy, the Cup is on display in the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto. After the 1908 regular season, Montreal defended the Stanley Cup twice in March 1908, in challenges by the Winnipeg Maple Leafs, the 1908 Wanderers team scratched their names inside the bowl, which was just prior to the second band being added to the Cup. The team included five future Honoured Members of the Hockey Hall of Fame, Moose Johnson, Hod Stuart, Riley Hern, Lester Patrick, before the 1909 season started, Montreal defended its Cup in a challenge by the Edmonton Eskimos, winning 13–10 in two games
5.
Indoor arena
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An arena is an enclosed area, often circular or oval-shaped, designed to showcase theater, musical performances, or sporting events. The word derives from Latin harena, a particularly fine/smooth sand used to absorb blood in ancient arenas such as the Colosseum in Rome and it is composed of a large open space surrounded on most or all sides by tiered seating for spectators. The key feature of an arena is that the event space is the lowest point, arenas are usually designed to accommodate a large number of spectators. The term arena is used as a synonym for a very large venue such as Pasadenas Rose Bowl. The use of one term over the other has mostly to do with the type of event, the home of the Duke University mens and womens basketball teams would qualify as an arena, but the facility is called Cameron Indoor Stadium. Domed stadiums, which, like arenas, are enclosed but have the larger playing surfaces, such examples of these would be terms such as the arena of war or the arena of love or the political arena. In many fighting games, the stage that opponents are fought in is called an arena. Ice hockey arena Amphitheatre List of indoor arenas by capacity List of stadiums by capacity
6.
Westmount, Quebec
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Westmount is an affluent suburb on the Island of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is an enclave of the city of Montreal, with a population of 19,931 as of the Canada 2011 Census. Westmount is home to schools, an arena, a pool, a public library, the city operates its own electricity distribution company Westmount Light & Power. The city is also the location of two Canadian Forces Primary Reserves, The Royal Montreal Regiment and 34th Signals Regiment, traditionally, the community of Westmount has been a wealthy and predominantly anglophone enclave, having been at one point the richest community in Canada. It now competes with the Vancouver neighborhoods of Shaughnessy, and Kerrisdale, and the Toronto neighborhoods of Lawrence Park, Forest Hill, Rosedale, a former farmhouse from this era, Hurtubise House, still stands and is currently under renovation. The Village of Côte St-Antoine was first incorporated in 1874 and it later became the Town of Côte St-Antoine. It was renamed Westmount, in 1895, reflecting the location of the city on the southwest slope of Mount Royal. During the twentieth century, Westmount became a wealthy Montreal suburb, in the twentieth century, Westmount was home to some of Montreals wealthiest families including the Bronfmans and the Molsons. This made the city a symbolic targets of Front de libération du Québec terrorist bombings in the 1960s, following the death of former Quebec Premier René Lévesque in 1987, the city of Montreal renamed Dorchester Boulevard to René Lévesque Boulevard. After the city of Montreal changed the name, Westmount retained the name of Dorchester on their portion, when asked for comment, Quebec Premier Bernard Landry said the minister had his full support and that the opposition was little more than Quebec bashing. On January 1,2002, as part of the 2002–2006 municipal reorganization of Montreal, it was merged into the city of Montreal, however, after a change of government and a 2004 referendum, it was re-constituted as an independent city on January 1,2006. The city is roughly 4 km2, and occupies an area of land on the face of the southern peak of Mount Royal. The city, most of which is on terrain, extends from the summit to the end of the narrow plateau at the foot of the mountain. Most of the city is residential, homes increase in size and value toward the top of the mountain, with the largest and most expensive being on or near Summit Circle. There are several parks within the city, including King George Park, a forest area is located at Westmount Summit, within Summit Circle. The landscaping design was undertaken in 1912 by M. J. Manning, and comprises large playing fields at the east and south sides, the central area contains an extensive playground, foot paths, ponds and wading pools, and tennis courts. Westmount Public Library, built in 1897, Victoria Hall, Municipal Since regaining its status as a city, Westmount is governed by a City Council made up of a mayor and eight district councillors. The current mayor of Westmount is Peter Trent, in addition to the local city council, Westmount is represented by its mayor on the Montreal Agglomeration Council
7.
Ice hockey
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Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponents net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of six each, one goaltender. A fast-paced, physical sport, ice hockey is most popular in areas of North America, Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, where the game enjoys immense popularity. In North America, the National Hockey League is the highest level for mens hockey, the Kontinental Hockey League is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. The International Ice Hockey Federation is the governing body for international ice hockey. The IIHF manages international tournaments and maintains the IIHF World Ranking, worldwide, there are ice hockey federations in 74 countries. Ice hockey is believed to have evolved from simple stick and ball games played in the 18th and 19th century United Kingdom and these games were brought to North America and several similar winter games using informal rules were developed, such as shinny and ice polo. The contemporary sport of ice hockey was developed in Canada, most notably in Montreal, some characteristics of that game, such as the length of the ice rink and the use of a puck, have been retained to this day. Amateur ice hockey began in the 1880s, and professional ice hockey originated around 1900. The Stanley Cup, emblematic of ice hockey club supremacy, was first awarded in 1893 to recognize the Canadian amateur champion, in international competitions, the national teams of six countries predominate, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in mens competition at the Olympics, in the annual Ice Hockey World Championships,177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. In Russia and the Ukraine, where hockey can also refer to bandy, the name hockey has no clear origin. The English historian and biographer John Strype did not use the word hockey when he translated the proclamation in 1720, the 1573 Statute of Galway banned a sport called hokie—the hurling of a little ball with sticks or staves. A form of this word was thus being used in the 16th century, though much removed from its current usage. According to the Austin Hockey Association, the word derives from the Scots Gaelic puc or the Irish poc. The blow given by a hurler to the ball with his caman or hurley is always called a puck. Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times, in Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey. IJscolf, a game resembling colf on a surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a curved bat, a wooden or leather ball
8.
St. Nicholas Rink
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The St. Nicholas Rink, also called the St. Nicholas Arena, was an indoor ice rink, and later a boxing arena in New York, New York, from 1896 until 1962. The rink was the ice rink utilizing mechanically frozen ice for its surface in North America. It was demolished in the 1980s, as a rink, it was used for pleasure skating, and the sports of ice hockey and skating. It was an important rink in the development of sports in the United States. The arena hosted live boxing on television, St. Nicholas Rink opened November 7,1896, at 69 West 66th Street, on the northeast corner of 66th Street and Columbus Avenue. The builders included Cornelius Vanderbilt and John Jacob Astor, flagg and Chambers were the architects. Before the construction of the building, the St. Nicholas Skating Club had been using an outdoor flooded lot, the ice rink used a mechanically frozen ice or artificial ice surface using techniques developed at the Glaciarium in London, England. A basement ice-making factory shared the ice-making equipment, another New York skating venue, the Ice Palace, opened shortly before the St. Nicholas Arena. The arena was used exclusively for ice sports until 1906, when boxing was introduced, in 1911, prize fight boxing was legalized and prize fights became a popular event at the arena. By 1920, the use of the arena for boxing made the ice rink dispensable, the building continued as a boxing venue until 1962. The building itself was used as a production center for the ABC Network. The building was demolished in the 1980s and the converted to main offices of ABC Network. During the World War II era, the building was briefly named Royal Windsor Palace, the rink was the home of the St. Nicholas Hockey Club of the American Amateur Hockey League. The league operated its first season in 1896–97, the rink was also the site of numerous exhibitions of Canadian ice hockey teams both against New York area teams and between the Canadian teams. A challenge between amateur teams of the U. S. and Canada was held there, called the International Amateur Championship, on February 26,1900, the rink was the site of the first ice hockey game between Harvard University and Yale University, won by Yale 5–4. The arena was the site of the first game between womens ice hockey teams in the United States, in 1917, the St. Nicholas team defeated Boston 1–0. The St. Nicholas mens amateur team eventually moved to Madison Square Garden, the Rink was a boxing venue from 1906 until May 28,1962, the date of the last main event. Upon its demise, it was reported more than 30,000 fights had been staged here
9.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
10.
Dey's Arena
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The rink and arenas were built by two generations of the Dey family, who were prominent in Ottawa at the time, with a thriving boat works business serving the lumber business. The Dey family also played hockey, the first rink was opened on December 20,1884, and was located on the Rideau Canal at Waller Street and Theodore Street, next to the Dey Family boat works. The natural ice surface was 150 feet by 60 feet. This location is occupied by the Canadian Department of Defence headquarters, just south of the Federal Conference Centre. The last hockey game at the rink was held on March 30,1895, the boat works moved to Patterson Creek at Bank Street in Ottawa. The second rink, an arena, opened on December 17,1896, Deys Skating Rink, its proper name, held an estimated 3,500 spectators. The ice rink measured 200 feet by 81 feet, one of the largest indoor ice surfaces in Canada at the time, the arena featured a bandstand that could be used as a press box, and elevated seats. This was possibly the first arena designed for ice hockey in Canada, the second in North America after the St. Nicholas Rink, which opened in New York one month earlier. Deys Skating Rink was located at Bay and Ann Streets, the location at the time being on the city outskirts, the first hockey game at the arena was between the Capitals of Ottawa and Cornwalls on December 19,1896. The arena was the site of the game of the 1906 championship playoff between Ottawa and the Montreal Wanderers, a game labelled the Greatest Hockey Game in History. The Toronto Globe called it the greatest game of hockey played on Canadian ice. Although Ottawa entered the game nine goals down in a two-game playoff, over 5,400 would attend the game and the top $2 tickets were being sold for $10. Betting interest was high, including one $12,000 bet, remarkably, Ottawa tied the series with ten minutes to play before two power play goals in the last two minutes by Lester Patrick would win it for the Wanderers. In 1902, a violent summer windstorm flattened the building and it was rebuilt in time for the 1902–03 hockey season. The replacement rink followed the ice dimensions of the Montreal Arena and had semi-circular ends, in 1920, fire destroyed the rink, after which it was not rebuilt. Today, the city block it occupied is mostly single-family houses, nearby, the McNabb arena and community centre was built one block west at Percy Street and Gladstone and is operated by the City of Ottawa. In 1997, a plaque was unveiled at the rinks location at the corner of Bay. The plaque was stolen on April 14,2008 and its pedestal destroyed, a new memorial marker was installed and dedicated on November 17,2008
