Multivibrator
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A multivibrator is an electronic circuit used to implement a variety of simple two-state devices such as relaxation oscillators, timers, latches and flip-flops. The first multivibrator circuit, the as
A vacuum tube Abraham-Bloch multivibrator oscillator, France, 1920 (small box, left). Its harmonics are being used to calibrate a wavemeter (center).
An oscilloscope shot of the voltage of the collector (trace 1) and the base (trace 2) of a transistor in an BJT astable multivibrator. The emitter of the transistor in this example is connected to ground.
Graph showing the output waveform of the op-amp and the waveform formed across the capacitor C.
monostable multivibrator using op-amp
Square wave (waveform)
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A square wave is a non-sinusoidal periodic waveform in which the amplitude alternates at a steady frequency between fixed minimum and maximum values, with the same duration at minimum and maximum. In
Multivibrator
…Henri Abraham and Eugene Bloch in Publication 27 of the French Ministère de la Guerre, and in Annales de Physique 12, 252 (1919). Since it produced a square wave, in contrast to the sine wave generated by most other oscillator circuits of the time, its output contained many harmonics above the fundamental…
(Odd) harmonics of a 1000 Hz square wave