1.
Bridge of Glass
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The Bridge of Glass is a 500-foot pedestrian partially-covered footbridge spanning Interstate 705 in Tacoma, Washington. It was opened in 2002 as a gift to the city, together, these attractions make up an area of Tacoma described as Museum Row. The Bridge of Glass was designed by Texas architect Arthur Andersson and is decorated with artworks by Dale Chihuly, Chihuly has described the Bridge of Glass as the gateway that welcomes people to Tacoma. It is accessible and free to the public 24 hours a day, crossing the bridge, visitors will observe three Chihuly glass installations. The towers are made from 63 pieces or crystals of Polyvitro, at night, the towers are illuminated and visible at many points around the downtown area. The Museum of Glass and Bridge of Glass were created amidst the development of Tacoma’s Thea Foss Waterway, in 1991, the city acquired 27 acres on the downtown waterfront for $6.8 million. Tacoma civic and business leaders met with investor George F. Russell Jr. in 1992 to discuss their vision of a museum showcasing the artwork of Tacoma native, Dale Chihuly. By 1995, Russell and his wife were name co-chairmen of the museums board and it was decided Chihuly would contribute three permanent installations on the proposed bridge to link the museum to the downtown area, later named the Chihuly Bridge of Glass. The Museum of Glass was the first establishment built on the cleaned up Thea Foss Waterway site in 2002, the Museum of Glass cost about $48 million, and the Bridge of Glass about $12 million in building, design, and installation expenses
2.
Tacoma, Washington
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Tacoma is a mid-sized urban port city in and the county seat of Pierce County, Washington, United States. The city is on Washingtons Puget Sound,32 miles southwest of Seattle,31 miles northeast of the capital, Olympia. The population was 198,397, according to the 2010 census, Tacoma is the second-largest city in the Puget Sound area and the third largest in the state. Tacoma also serves as the center of activity for the South Sound region. Tacoma adopted its name after the nearby Mount Rainier, originally called Takhoma or Tahoma and it is locally known as the City of Destiny because the area was chosen to be the western terminus of the Northern Pacific Railroad in the late 19th century. The decision of the railroad was influenced by Tacomas neighboring deep-water harbor, by connecting the bay with the railroad, Tacomas motto became When rails meet sails. Today, Commencement Bay serves the Port of Tacoma, a center of trade on the Pacific Coast. Like most central cities, Tacoma suffered a decline in the mid-20th century as a result of suburbanization. Neighborhoods such as the 6th Avenue District have become revitalized, tacoma-Pierce County has been named one of the most livable areas in the United States. In 2006, Tacoma was listed as one of the most walkable cities in the country and that same year, the womens magazine Self named Tacoma the Most Sexually Healthy City in the United States. In contrast, Tacoma was also ranked as the most stressed-out city in the country in a 2004 survey, Tacoma gained notoriety in 1940 for the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, which earned the nickname Galloping Gertie. The city of Tacoma and surrounding areas were inhabited for thousands of years by American Indians, predominantly the Puyallup people, mcCarver, who named his project Tacoma City, derived from the indigenous name for the mountain. Tacoma was incorporated on November 12,1875, following the merger of Old Tacoma, the transcontinental link was effected in 1887, but the railroad built its depot on New Tacoma, two miles south of the Carr-McCarver development. The two communities together and joined. The population grew from 1,098 in 1880 to 36,006 in 1890, rudyard Kipling visited Tacoma in 1889 and said it was literally staggering under a boom of the boomiest. George Francis Train was a resident for a few years in the late 19th century, in 1890, he staged a global circumnavigation starting and ending in Tacoma to promote the city. A plaque in downtown Tacoma marks the start and finish line, in November 1885, white citizens led by then-mayor Jacob Weisbach expelled several hundred Chinese residents peacefully living in the city. The next day two Chinese settlements were burned to the ground, the discovery of gold in the Klondike in 1898 led Tacomas prominence in the region to be eclipsed by the booming development of Seattle
3.
Washington (state)
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It was admitted to the Union as the 42nd state in 1889. Washington is sometimes referred to as Washington State or the State of Washington to distinguish it from Washington, Washington is the 18th largest state with an area of 71,362 square miles, and the 13th most populous state with over 7 million people. Washington is the second most populous state on the West Coast and in the Western United States, Mount Rainier, an active stratovolcano, is the states highest elevation at almost 14,411 feet and is the most topographically prominent mountain in the contiguous United States. Washington is a leading lumber producer and its rugged surface is rich in stands of Douglas fir, hemlock, ponderosa pine, white pine, spruce, larch, and cedar. Manufacturing industries in Washington include aircraft and missiles, shipbuilding and other equipment, lumber, food processing, metals and metal products, chemicals. Washington has over 1,000 dams, including the Grand Coulee Dam, built for a variety of purposes including irrigation, power, flood control, the Washington Territory was named after George Washington, the first President of the United States. The area was part of a region called the Columbia District after the Columbia River. The area was renamed Washington in order to avoid confusion with the District of Columbia, Washington is the only U. S. state named after a president. To distinguish it from the U. S. capital, which is named for George Washington, Washington is sometimes referred to as Washington State, or, in more formal contexts. Washingtonians and other residents of the Pacific Northwest refer to the state simply as Washington, calling the nations capital Washington, D. C. or, often, Washington is the northwestern-most state of the contiguous United States. Washington is bordered by Oregon to the south, with the Columbia River forming the western part, to the west of Washington lies the Pacific Ocean. The high mountains of the Cascade Range run north-south, bisecting the state, from the Cascade Mountains westward, Western Washington has a mostly marine west coast climate, with mild temperatures and wet winters, autumns and springs, and relatively dry summers. The Cascade Range contains several volcanoes, which reach altitudes significantly higher than the rest of the mountains, from the north to the south, these major volcanoes are Mount Baker, Glacier Peak, Mount Rainier, Mount St. Helens, and Mount Adams. Mount Rainier, the tallest mountain in the state, is 50 miles south of the city of Seattle and it is also covered with more glacial ice than any other peak in the contiguous 48 states. Western Washington also is home of the Olympic Mountains, far west on the Olympic Peninsula and these deep forests, such as the Hoh Rainforest, are among the only temperate rainforests in the continental United States. Eastern Washington – the part of the state east of the Cascades – has a dry climate. It includes large areas of steppe and a few truly arid deserts lying in the rain shadow of the Cascades. Farther east, the climate becomes less arid, with annual rainfall increasing as one goes east to 21.2 inches in Pullman, the Okanogan Highlands and the rugged Kettle River Range and Selkirk Mountains cover much of the northeastern quadrant of the state
4.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
5.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
6.
Art museum
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An art museum or art gallery is a building or space for the exhibition of art, usually visual art. Museums can be public or private, but what distinguishes a museum is the ownership of a collection, the term is used for both public galleries, which are non-profit or publicly owned museums that display selected collections of art. On the other hand, private galleries refers to the commercial enterprises for the sale of art, however, both types of gallery may host traveling exhibits or temporary exhibitions including art borrowed from elsewhere. In broad terms, in North American usage, the word gallery alone often implies a private gallery, the term contemporary art gallery refers usually to a privately owned for-profit commercial gallery. These galleries are found clustered together in large urban centers. Smaller cities are home to at least one gallery, but they may also be found in towns or villages. Contemporary art galleries are open to the general public without charge, however. They usually profit by taking a portion of art sales, from 25% to 50% is typical, there are also many non-profit or collective galleries. Some galleries in cities like Tokyo charge the artists a flat rate per day, curators often create group shows that say something about a certain theme, trend in art, or group of associated artists. Galleries sometimes choose to represent artists exclusively, giving them the opportunity to show regularly, a gallerys definition can also include the artist cooperative or artist-run space, which often operates as a space with a more democratic mission and selection process. A vanity gallery is an art gallery that charges fees from artists in order to show their work, the shows are not legitimately curated and will frequently or usually include as many artists as possible. Most art professionals are able to identify them on an artists resume, University art museums and galleries constitute collections of art that are developed, owned, and maintained by all kinds of schools, community colleges, colleges, and universities. This phenomenon exists in both the West and East, making it a global practice, although largely overlooked, there are over 700 university art museums in America alone. This number, in comparison to other kinds of art museums, throughout history, large and expensive works of art have generally been commissioned by religious institutions and monarchs and been displayed in temples, churches, and palaces. Although these collections of art were private, they were made available for viewing for a portion of the public. In classical times, religious institutions began to function as a form of art gallery. Wealthy Roman collectors of engraved gems and other precious objects often donated their collections to temples and it is unclear how easy it was in practice for the public to view these items. At the Palace of Versailles, entrance was restricted to wearing the proper apparel – the appropriate accessories could be hired from shops outside
7.
Glass
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Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and has widespread practical, technological, and decorative usage in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optoelectronics. The most familiar, and historically the oldest, types of glass are silicate glasses based on the chemical compound silica, the primary constituent of sand. The term glass, in usage, is often used to refer only to this type of material. Many applications of silicate glasses derive from their optical transparency, giving rise to their use as window panes. Glass can be coloured by adding metallic salts, and can also be painted and printed with vitreous enamels and these qualities have led to the extensive use of glass in the manufacture of art objects and in particular, stained glass windows. Although brittle, silicate glass is extremely durable, and many examples of glass fragments exist from early glass-making cultures, because glass can be formed or moulded into any shape, it has been traditionally used for vessels, bowls, vases, bottles, jars and drinking glasses. In its most solid forms it has also used for paperweights, marbles. Some objects historically were so commonly made of glass that they are simply called by the name of the material, such as drinking glasses. Porcelains and many polymer thermoplastics familiar from everyday use are glasses and these sorts of glasses can be made of quite different kinds of materials than silica, metallic alloys, ionic melts, aqueous solutions, molecular liquids, and polymers. For many applications, like glass bottles or eyewear, polymer glasses are a lighter alternative than traditional glass, silica is a common fundamental constituent of glass. In nature, vitrification of quartz occurs when lightning strikes sand, forming hollow, fused quartz is a glass made from chemically-pure SiO2. It has excellent resistance to shock, being able to survive immersion in water while red hot. However, its high melting-temperature and viscosity make it difficult to work with, normally, other substances are added to simplify processing. One is sodium carbonate, which lowers the transition temperature. The soda makes the glass water-soluble, which is undesirable, so lime, some magnesium oxide. The resulting glass contains about 70 to 74% silica by weight and is called a soda-lime glass, soda-lime glasses account for about 90% of manufactured glass. Most common glass contains other ingredients to change its properties, lead glass or flint glass is more brilliant because the increased refractive index causes noticeably more specular reflection and increased optical dispersion. Adding barium also increases the refractive index, iron can be incorporated into glass to absorb infrared energy, for example in heat absorbing filters for movie projectors, while cerium oxide can be used for glass that absorbs UV wavelengths
8.
University of Puget Sound
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The University of Puget Sound is a private liberal arts college located in the North End of Tacoma, Washington, in the United States. It is the national, independent undergraduate liberal arts college in Western Washington. Puget Sound offers Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Music, Master of Arts in Teaching, Master of Education, Master of Occupational Therapy, the college draws approximately 2,600 students from 44 states and 16 countries. It offers 1,200 courses each year in more than 50 traditional, in 2012 Puget Sound was named one of 40 schools nationwide in the college guide Colleges That Change Lives,40 Schools That Will Change the Way You Think About Colleges. Ties to The United Methodist Church remain, though the college is no longer affiliated with the church. The University of Puget Sound was founded by the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1888 in downtown Tacoma, the idea for a college in Tacoma originated with Charles Henry Fowler, who had previously been the president of Northwestern University. Fowler was in Tacoma for a Methodist conference when he spoke of his vision of a Christian institution of learning in the area, two cities vied for the location of the school, Port Townsend and Tacoma. The committee eventually decided on Tacoma, a charter was drawn up and filed in Olympia on March 17,1888. This date marks the beginning of the school. At this time, the legal title was The Puget Sound University. In September 1890, UPS opened its doors, taking in 88 students, the university also had a financially tumultuous beginning. There was no endowment and the school struggled for funds to pay the professors. It moved locations three times in 13 years and, at one time, the school was merged with Portland University and it opened up a year later back in Tacoma on the 9th and G Street. In 1903, the school was reborn and re-incorporated as a different entity, different trustees, and a different name, the character of the school changed dramatically during the presidency of Edward H. Todd, who worked tirelessly to bring financial and academic stability. During his tenure, the Million Dollar Campaign was started, raising $1,022,723 for buildings, equipment, and endowment. With this money, the campus moved in 1924 to its current location in the residential North End of Tacoma, with five buildings, in 1914 the university was renamed the College of Puget Sound. President R. Franklin Thompson led a massive physical and institutional expansion, in 1960, the universitys name changed from the College of Puget Sound back to the University of Puget Sound, as it is known today. Phillip M. Phibbs presided from 1973 to 1992 and endeavored to change the tone of Puget Sound, in 1980, the university divested its attachment with the Methodist Church, and an independent board of trustees assumed full fiscal responsibility of the university
9.
Dale Chihuly
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Dale Chihuly is an American glass sculptor and entrepreneur. His works are considered unique to the field of blown glass, the technical difficulties of working with glass forms are considerable, yet Chihuly uses it as the primary medium for installations and environmental artwork. Chihuly was born in Tacoma, Washington, to George and Viola Magnuson Chihuly, in 1956, his older brother and only sibling, George, died in a Navy Air Force training accident in Pensacola, Florida. Two years later, in 1957, Chihulys father died of an attack at the age of 52. Initially, Chihuly had no interest in continuing his education after graduating from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1959. However, at his mothers urging, he enrolled at the College of Puget Sound, a year later, he transferred to the University of Washington in Seattle to study interior design. In 1961, he joined the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity and that same year he learned how to melt and fuse glass. Chihuly became disillusioned with his studies, and in 1962 he dropped out of school to art in Florence. He later traveled to the Middle East and met architect Robert Landsman and their meeting and his time abroad spurred Chihuly to return to his studies. In 1963, he took a class where he incorporated glass shards into tapestries. He received an award for his work from the Seattle Weavers Guild in 1964, Chihuly graduated from the University of Washington in 1965 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in interior design. Chihuly began experimenting with glassblowing in 1965, and in 1966 he received a scholarship to attend the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He studied under Harvey Littleton, who had established the first glass program in the United States at the university, in 1967, Chihuly received a Master of Science degree in sculpture. After graduating, he enrolled at the Rhode Island School of Design, Chihuly earned a Master of Fine Arts degree in sculpture from the RISD in 1968. That same year, he was awarded a Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation grant for his work in glass and he traveled to Venice to work at the Venini factory on the island of Murano, where he first saw the team approach to blowing glass. After returning to the United States, Chihuly spent the first of four consecutive summers teaching at the Haystack Mountain School of Crafts in Deer Isle, in 1969, he traveled to Europe, in part to meet Erwin Eisch in Germany and Stanislav Libenský and Jaroslava Brychtová in Czechoslovakia. In 1971, with the support of John Hauberg and Anne Gould Hauberg, Chihuly cofounded the Pilchuck Glass School near Stanwood, Chihuly also founded the HillTop Artists program in Tacoma, Washington at Jason Lee Middle School and Wilson High School. In 1976, while Chihuly was in England, he was involved in a car accident during which he flew through the windshield
10.
Arthur Erickson
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Arthur Charles Erickson, CC was a Canadian architect and urban planner. He studied Asian languages at the University of British Columbia, ericksons buildings are often modernist concrete structures designed to respond to the natural conditions of their locations, especially climate. Many buildings, such as the Museum of Anthropology in Vancouver, are inspired by the post, additionally, Erickson is also known for numerous futuristic designs such as the Fresno City Hall and the Biological Sciences Building at the University of California, Irvine. Ericksons biographer Nicholas Olsberg described the building as making fun of the terms to which buildings must adhere in Washington. Mocking the US and all of its imperial pretensions, Erickson was born in Vancouver, the son of Oscar Erickson and Myrtle Chatterson. He served in the Canadian Army Intelligence Corps during World War II, after graduating from McGill in 1950, Erickson traveled a few years then taught at the University of Oregon and subsequently the University of British Columbia. After teaching, he worked for a few years at Thompson Berwick and Pratt, in 1963, Erickson and Massey submitted the winning design for Simon Fraser University. Erickson was mentor of many other noted local architects and urbanists and his buildings were also the subject of painting by famous artists including Vancouver artist Tiko Kerr. In 1973, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada and was promoted to Companion in 1981, in 1986, he received the AIA Gold Medal. Erickson lived in Point Grey with his partner and interior design collaborator. He died in Vancouver on May 20,2009, Erickson is survived by his brother, nephews, and niece. Arthur Erickson, Canadian Architect Who Mirrored Landscapes, Dies at 84, B. C. architect Arthur Erickson dead at 84, The Province, Thursday, May 21,2009. Renowned architect Arthur Erickson dead at 84, The Vancouver Sun, Thursday, May 21,2009
11.
Beehive burner
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A wood waste burner, known as a teepee burner or wigwam burner in the United States and a beehive burner in Canada, is a free-standing conical steel structure ranging from 30 to 60 feet in height. They are named for their resemblance to beehives, teepees or wigwams and they have an opening at the top that is covered with a steel grill or mesh to keep sparks and glowing embers from escaping. Sawdust and wood scraps are delivered to an opening near the top of the cone by means of a belt or Archimedes screw. Teepee or beehive burners are used to dispose of wood in logging yards. The burners are considered to be a source of air pollution and are being phased out in most areas. Teepee burners went out of use in the Northwestern United States in the early 1970s. The wood waste is now used as a component in various forest products, such as fuel, particle board. Air pollution in British Columbia Clean Air Act of 1970 Keefer, historic images of teepee burners in Oregon from Salem Public Library Rusty Relics, Teepee Burners
12.
Lino Tagliapietra
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Lino Tagliapietra is a Venetian glass artist who has also worked extensively in the United States. Tagliapietra was born August 10,1934 in an apartment on the Rio dei Vetri in Murano, Italy and it provided an ideal educational environment for Tagliapietra to develop his techniques and glass artistry. On June 16,1946, at the age of 12 and he began in the Gagliano Ferro factory as a water carrier and after two years was allowed to participate in glass manufacturing for the first time, applying ribbing to a single piece. He educated himself in art and at the Venice Biennales saw the work of Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman. For the history or glass art he used the resources of the Murano Glass Museum. Nine years later, at the age of 25, he earned the rank of maestro and he interrupted his years of training to complete his compulsory service in the Italian military in 1952-54. On 13 September 1959 he married Lina Ongaro, whose family had been involved in Venetian glass production for centuries, for the next 25 years Tagliapietra worked in association with several of Muranos most important glass factories, including Vetreria Galliano Ferro, Venini & C. La Murrina, Effetre International, where he was Artistic and Technical Director from 1976 to 1989, at Murrina he developed his Saturn design, which became his personal emblem. His influence on the American art glass studio movement is primarily attributed to his colleague Dale Chihuly, in 1968 Chihuly visited Murano, where he gave Tagliapietra studio time to develop his own pieces. He taught Tagliapietra his techniques, which Tagliapietra taught to other glass maestri, including Pino Signoretto, a 2001 film documents this collaboration, Chihuly and the Masters of Venice. Tagliapietra taught workshops at La Scuola Internazionale del Vetro in 1976,1978, and 1981 and he has returned to Seattle and Pilchuk repeatedly. In the 1980s, Tagliapietra transitioned from traveling, teaching, and he had his first solo show at Traver Gallery in Seattle in 1990. He has emphasized his own independent approach to design and he told one interviewer, Im totally open. I think that what I like to do the most is research, I dont want to represent Venetian technique only–even though I was born with it. Your style is what you are and my older work has a different spirit and my expression has changed. Though colored glasses have been available since the 1970s, Tagliapietra has continued to create his own colors and he has said they allow him to maintain control and that they are softer, more human, more. In Giovanni Sarpelons view, Tagliapietra has a close and almost symbiotic rapport with glass that erases the distinction between the craftsman and the artist. There is no question in his work whether the fact that a work is made of glass is purely incidental or whether it is essential to its creation, while he may sketch designs in advance, his approach is to seek spontaneous perfection during the glassblowing process
13.
Museum
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Most large museums are located in major cities throughout the world and more local ones exist in smaller cities, towns and even the countryside. Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public, the goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public. There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, the city with the largest number of museums is Mexico City with over 128 museums. According to The World Museum Community, there are more than 55,000 museums in 202 countries, the English museum comes from the Latin word, and is pluralized as museums. The first museum/library is considered to be the one of Plato in Athens, however, Pausanias gives another place called Museum, namely a small hill in Classical Athens opposite to the Akropolis. The hill was called Mouseion after Mousaious, a man who used to sing on the hill, the purpose of modern museums is to collect, preserve, interpret, and display items of artistic, cultural, or scientific significance for the education of the public. The purpose can also depend on ones point of view, to a family looking for entertainment on a Sunday afternoon, a trip to a local history museum or large city art museum could be a fun, and enlightening way to spend the day. To city leaders, a healthy museum community can be seen as a gauge of the health of a city. To a museum professional, a museum might be seen as a way to educate the public about the museums mission, Museums are, above all, storehouses of knowledge. In 1829, James Smithsons bequest, that would fund the Smithsonian Institution, stated he wanted to establish an institution for the increase, Museums of natural history in the late 19th century exemplified the Victorian desire for consumption and for order. Gathering all examples of classification of a field of knowledge for research. As American colleges grew in the 19th century, they developed their own natural history collections for the use of their students, while many large museums, such as the Smithsonian Institution, are still respected as research centers, research is no longer a main purpose of most museums. While there is a debate about the purposes of interpretation of a museums collection, there has been a consistent mission to protect. Much care, expertise, and expense is invested in efforts to retard decomposition in aging documents, artifacts, artworks. All museums display objects that are important to a culture, as historian Steven Conn writes, To see the thing itself, with ones own eyes and in a public place, surrounded by other people having some version of the same experience can be enchanting. Museum purposes vary from institution to institution, some favor education over conservation, or vice versa. For example, in the 1970s, the Canada Science and Technology Museum favored education over preservation of their objects and they displayed objects as well as their functions. One exhibit featured a printing press that a staff member used for visitors to create museum memorabilia
14.
Puget Sound region
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It is characterised by a complex array of saltwater bays, islands, and peninsulas carved out by prehistoric glaciers. The ish ending is from Salish language meaning people of, the Puget Sound region was formed by the collision and attachment of many terranes to the North American Plate between about 50 to 10 million years ago. About 15,000 years ago, the Puget Sound region was covered by a lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet and this time period is known today as the Vashon Glaciation. The ice was about 3,000 feet thick in the vicinity of Seattle, by the time Captain George Vancouver found the Sound, early native people had already been there for over 5,000 years. Logging started as early as 1853, in the 1880s logging railroads cut their way into Puget Sound. 1886 the St. Helens fire burned 300,000 acres, mount Rainier National Park started in 1899. The 1902 Yacolt fire burned 600,000 acres, olympic National Park was established in 1938. George Vancouver explored Puget sound in 1792, Vancouver claimed it for Great Britain on 4 June 1792, naming it for one of his officers, Lieutenant Peter Puget. It became part of the Oregon Country, and became U. S. territory when the 1846 Oregon Treaty was signed, after arriving along the Oregon Trail, many settlers wandered north to what is now Washington and settled the Puget Sound area. The first non-indigenous settlement was New Market in 1846, in 1853 Washington Territory was formed from part of Oregon Territory. In 1888 the Northern Pacific railroad line reached Puget Sound, linking the region to eastern states, for a long period Tacoma was noted for its large smelters where gold, silver, copper and lead ores were treated. Seattle was the port for trade with Alaska and the rest of the country. The region around eastern Puget Sound developed heavy industry during the period including World War I and World War II, since 1995, Puget Sound has been recognized as an American Viticultural Area by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. The urban region designated the Puget Sound Region is centered on Seattle and consists of nine counties, both urban core cities have large industrial areas and seaports plus a high-rise central business district. The satellite cities are suburban, featuring a small downtown core. The suburbs consist mostly of residences, strip malls, and shopping centers, the region is also home to numerous ports. The United States Census Bureau defines the Puget Sound region as the Seattle–Tacoma–Olympia Combined Statistical Area, the population of this wider region is 4,269, 349—almost two-thirds of Washingtons population—as of 2012. The Seattle CSA is the 12th largest CSA, and the 13th largest primary census statistical area in the country, North Pacific Oak Woodland is one of the principal plant associations of the Puget Trough, where many of the soils are well drained mesic. A
15.
911 Media Arts Center
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911 Media Arts Center is a non-profit media arts and access center located in Seattle, Washington. 911 Media Arts Center was incorporated on August 14,1984 to support the use of media tools through training, equipment. The organization also provides a forum and venue for working in the new media disciplines. Initially known as the Focal Point Media Center, Nine One One Media split off from the AND/OR Gallery in Seattle during August 1984, the center was founded by Anne Focke, Heather Dew Oaksen, Jill Medvedow, Norie Sato and others. 911 Media Arts Center was originally located at 911 E. Pine Street in Seattle, the first director of the organization, during 1984-85, was Jill Medvedow who is now director at the Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston. The directorship was followed by Glenn Weiss during 1986-88, Weiss is now Manager of Public Art in Times Square, the current director is art historian, critic and educator Steven Michael Vroom. 911 Media Arts Center has had addresses on both Yale Street and 9th Ave in what is now the South Lake Union neighborhood, the center is currently located at 909 NE 43rd Street Suite 206, in the same building as the Jack Straw Foundation. In 2011, under the directorship of Steven Michael Vroom, the received a $50,000 capacity building grant from the Andy Warhol Foundation. The center provides education for professionals, students and youth, classes and workshops topics focus on media literacy including video, audio, physical computing, image processing, code art and web production. Youth education is a focus of the organization. Current partnerships include Coyote Central and Northwest African American Museum, the organization also provides access to equipment resources, such as cameras and editing facilities, as part of its operations. 911 Media also supports civic programs involving media literacy with the City of Seattle and greater King County and it also partners with, and aids, other local non-profit organizations such as the Seattle Art Museum, Wing Luke Museum and the Museum of History and Industry. 911 Seattle Media Arts Center has hosted and exhibited works by filmmakers, in 1990, Guillermo Gómez-Peña was invited to perform at On The Boards in partnership with 911 Media. In 1994 the Northwest Cyber Artists partnered with 911 Media Arts Center to create an exhibit of art at the Seattle Center House. Gary Hill has also exhibited at the several times since its inception. Among artists-in-residence is director James Longley, who edited the documentary Iraq in Fragments at the working with producer John Sinno. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for the Best Documentary Feature, other recent recipients of the centers artist-in-residence programs include Margot Knight, whose work has been featured internationally in magazines such as PHOTO France, EFX Art & Design, and Zoom
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Bellevue Arts Museum
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The Bellevue Arts Museum traces its roots back to street fair art in 1947. After several temporary locations, it moved to the floor of Bellevue Square. In 2001 the museum moved into its own building. Located just across the street from Bellevue Square, the new building was designed by noted architect Steven Holl. It is seen by residents of Bellevue as playing a role in the transformation of the downtown from series of suburban strip malls to a sophisticated city with a variety of cultural attractions. The museum subsequently ran into difficulties and was forced to close to the public in 2003. In contrast to conventional art museums, Bellevue Arts Museum has no permanent collection, rather, it emphasizes education and hands-on involvement through an extensive selection of classes and workshops
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Frye Art Museum
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The Frye Art Museum is an art museum located in the First Hill neighborhood of Seattle, Washington, USA. The museum emphasizes painting and sculpture from the century to the present. Its holdings originate in the collection of Charles and Emma Frye. Charles, owner of a meatpacking plant, set aside money in his will for a museum to house the Fryes collection of over 230 paintings. The Frye Museum opened to the public in 1952, and was Seattles first free art museum, the museum building was originally designed by Paul Thiry, although it has since been considerably altered. He also required that admission always be free and these conditions were enough to keep the Seattle Art Museum from being interested in his collection. The Fryes collection consisted entirely of representational works, with a tendency toward the dark, the dramatic, however, exhibits under new, professional management in recent years have been far more venturesome, eliciting comparisons to Seattles Henry Art Gallery. In 2007, for the first time, other pieces are sharing the rooms dedicated to the original Frye collection, the Frye Art Museums collection highlights many kinds of paintings, prints, works on paper, and sculptures. The Frye Art Museum library contains 1000 books as of 2011 and it specializes in 19th and 20th century American and German art. Official website Media related to Frye Museum at Wikimedia Commons
18.
Henry Art Gallery
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The Henry Art Gallery is the art museum of the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington, USA. Located on the west edge of the campus along 15th Avenue N. E. in the University District, it was founded in February,1927. The original building was designed by Bebb and Gould and it was expanded in 1997 to 40,000 square feet, at which time the 154-seat auditorium was added. The addition/expansion was designed by Gwathmey Siegel & Associates Architects, the museum was named for Horace C. Henry, the businessman who donated money for its founding. In contrast to Charles and Emma Frye of Seattles Frye Art Museum, Henry made no effort to control the future of the museum he financed, indeed, the Henrys exhibition program is largely devoted to contemporary art and the history of photography. Recent exhibitions include Ann Hamilton, the common S E N S E, Katinka Bock, A and I, Maya Lin, Lynn Hershman Leeson, Doug Aitken, Axel Lieber, and James Turrell, and group exhibitions such as W. O. W. - The Work of the Work, 2004–05, which explored contemporary arts appeal to non-visual senses, the Henrys collection includes over 25,000 objects. The collection includes strong holdings in photography, both historical and contemporary, due to the gift and purchase of the Joseph and Elaine Monsen collection. In 1982, the Henry inherited a collection from the University of Washingtons former Costume. The Henry also holds a James Turrell skyspace, Light Reign, like the Seattle baseball stadium, the skyspace has a retractable roof. These resources allow students and the public to explore collections for personal or professional research. Objects in the collection can be accessed on-site, by only, through the Reed Collection Study Center or academic classes, adult study groups
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Monarch Contemporary Art Center and Sculpture Park
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Monarch Contemporary Art Center and Sculpture Park is an outdoor art gallery located along the Chehalis Western Trail near Tenino, in Olympia, Washington. Opened in 1998 by sculptor Myrna Orsini as a gift to the community, in 1992, after visiting art symposia in Europe, founder Myrna Orsini and her business partner Doris Coonrod purchased land for the park. By 2009, Monarch had established a permanent collection of 28 works, many of which were donated by their creators, the park exhibits the work of artists from around the world. In the past the park hosted workshops and classes promoting art creation and it also hosted open houses called Art in the Park, which are biennial exhibitions where local artists display and sell their work, these events feature live music, dancing, and art. There are several areas within the park, including a fantasy garden, a butterfly garden, a maze. The park also has hosted visiting artists like Pat Warner, in the summer of 2011, the nonprofit park was set to close due to health and financial concerns, and the property was placed for sale. Creekside Conservancy is now in the process of acquiring the park, until the sale is completed, the park will be closed to the public. One condition for reopening the park is that a Special Land Use Permit be purchased, Monarch Contemporary Art Center and Sculpture Park - Official Website Monarch Sculpture Park - Blog Profile with International Sculpture Center
20.
Olympic Sculpture Park
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The Olympic Sculpture Park, created and operated by the Seattle Art Museum, is a park, free and open to the public, in Seattle, Washington that opened on January 20,2007. The park consists of a 9-acre outdoor sculpture museum and beach, the parks lead designer was Weiss/Manfredi Architects, who collaborated with Charles Anderson Landscape Architecture, Magnusson Klemencic Associates and other consultants. It is situated at the end of the Seattle seawall. As a free-admission outdoor sculpture park with permanent and visiting installations, it is a unique institution in the United States. The idea of space for large, monumental sculpture in Seattle, was first discussed between Virginia and Bagley Wright, Mary and Jon Shirley, and Seattle Art Museum director Mimi Gardner Gates. The idea grew further during a discussion in 1996 between and Martha Wyckoff while stranded on a fly fishing trip in Mongolia due to a helicopter crash. Wyckoff, being a trustee of the Trust for Public Land, a $30 million gift from Mary and Jon Shirley established them as foundational donors. As part of constructing the park,5.7 million dollars were spent transforming 1,000 feet of the seawall. A three level underwater slope was built with 50,000 tonnes of riprap, the first level of the slope is large rocks to break up waves. The second is a flat bench level to recreate an intertidal zone, the lower level is covered with smaller rocks designed to attract sealife and large kelp. It is hoped that this recreated strand will help revitalise juvenile salmon from the Duwamish River, maintenance of the sculptures has been an ongoing issue. The environment near a salt water body has been corrosive to pieces like Bunyons Chess, made primarily of exposed wood. Tall painted pieces such as Eagle need to be watched for damage from birds, maintenance of these large structures is expensive, requiring scaffolding or boom lifts. The paint on Eagle is also damaged by grass clippings near the base of its installation, frommer’s guide calls it “the best thing to happen to Seattle in years. A new facility has been proposed to be built in Pioneer Square to allow the route to reopen in the future, as of 2013, King County Metro, and City of Seattle fail to implement a plan for said new carbarn. As soon as the park opened it was criticized by the public for two policies that seemed to conflict with the easy public accessibility of an open-air museum, Dont Touch. The park hired security officers to enforce these rules, on its weekend opening, both major local papers, the Seattle Times and the Seattle Post-Intelligencer ran articles about the museums Dont Touch policy. The policy was instituted by Chief Conservator Nicholas Dorman to protect the pieces from damage, not just from scratching and vandalism, but long-term changes caused by oils left by human contact
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Seattle Art Museum
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The Seattle Art Museum is an art museum located in Seattle, Washington, USA. Admission to the park is always free. Admission to the facilities is free on the first Thursday of each month. And even the normal admission is suggested, meaning that the museum would like visitors to pay the complete admission, the SAM collection has grown from 1,926 pieces in 1933 to nearly 25,000 as of 2008. Its original museum provided an area of 25,000 square feet, paid staff have increased from 7 to 303, and the museum library has grown from approximately 1,400 books to 33,252. SAM traces its origins to the Seattle Fine Arts Society and the Washington Arts Association, in 1931 the group renamed itself as the Art Institute of Seattle. The Art Institute housed its collection in Henry House, the home, on Capitol Hill, of the collector and founder of the Henry Art Gallery. Richard E. Fuller, president of the Seattle Fine Arts Society, was the figure of SAM in its early years. During the Great Depression, he and his mother, Margaret MacTavish Fuller, the city provided the land and received ownership of the building. Carl F. Gould of the architectural firm Bebb and Gould designed an Art Deco/Art Moderne building for the museum, the Art Institute collection formed the core of the original SAM collection, the Fullers soon donated additional pieces. The Art Institute was responsible for managing art activities when the museum first opened, Fuller served as museum director into the 1970s, never taking a salary. SAM joined with the National Council on the Arts, Richard Fuller, and it was the NEAs first commission in Seattle. In 1983–1984, the received a donation of half of a downtown city block. They eventually decided that this block was not a suitable site, that land was sold for private development as the Newmark Building. On December 5,1991, SAM reopened in a $62 million downtown facility designed by Robert Venturi, the next year, one of Jonathan Borofskys Hammering Man sculptures was installed outside the museum as part of Seattle City Lights One Percent for Art program. Hammering Man was used in an art installation on Labor day in 1993 when Jason Sprinkle and other local artists attached a 700 lb ball. In 1994 the Volunteer Park facility reopened as the Seattle Asian Art Museum, in 2007 the Olympic Sculpture Park opened to the public, culminating an 8-year process. Among the museums exhibitions were a 1954 exhibition of 25 European paintings and sculptures from the Samuel H. Kress Foundation
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Seattle Asian Art Museum
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The Seattle Asian Art Museum is a museum of Asian art located inside Volunteer Park in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Seattle, Washington, United States. Part of the Seattle Art Museum, the SAAM occupies the 1933 Art Deco building which was home to the Seattle Art Museums main collection. In 1991 the main collection moved to a newly constructed Seattle Art Museum building in downtown Seattle, the building in Volunteer Park remained closed until 1994, when it reopened as the Seattle Asian Art Museum. Admission is free on the first Thursday and the first Saturday of every month, the Seattle Asian Art Museum is housed in a historic Art Deco building designed in 1933 by Carl F. Gould of the architectural firm Bebb and Gould. From 1933 to 1991, the served as the home of the Seattle Art Museum. After the main collection moved to a new museum in Downtown Seattle, the building was designated a Seattle landmark in 1989 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. The Seattle Art Museum was founded in 1933 by Richard E. Fuller, the museum announced in 1993 that it would open an Asian art museum at its former location in Volunteer Park. A reception at the museum was held on November 20,1993 as part of the APEC Summit, the museum opened to the public on August 13,1994, during a ceremony attended by 6,000 visitors. The museum will closely temporarily in sping 2017 for renovation and expansion works
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Tacoma Art Museum
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The Tacoma Art Museum is a museum in Tacoma, Washington emphasizing art and artists from the Northwest and broader western region. Founded in the 1930s, the museum has strong roots in the community and anchors Tacoma’s downtown university, the Tacoma Art Museum developed out of the Tacoma Art League, an informal gathering that began around 1891. In the 1930s, it was renamed the Tacoma Art Society, the museum is dedicated to collecting and exhibiting the visual arts of the American Northwest, with the mission of bringing people together through art. The museum’s permanent collection includes the collection of Tacoma local Dale Chihuly’s glass artwork on permanent public display. In 1971, the L. T. Murray family gave the Tacoma Art Museum a three-story building at 12th Street, built in 1922, the building at 1123 Pacific Avenue previously housed the National Bank of Tacoma. In May 2003, the Tacoma Art Museum moved from this location into a new,50,000 square foot building located at 1701 Pacific Avenue, which was designed by Antoine Predock. Nearly twice the size of its previous location, the new $22-million steel, completed in November 2014, an additional $15. 5-million building project has added approximately 16,000 square feet, and houses the new Haub Family Collection of Western American Art. This collection establishes Tacoma Art Museum as the major museum of Western American art of this caliber in the Northwest. It also enables the museum to explore the art history of the West while integrating its Western. The museum exhibits more than 3,000 pieces in its collection, untitled - Stone Wave, a major work by sculptor Richard Rhodes, occupies the central court of the museum. The museum has gained note for being more open to overtly gay or queer art than most American museums
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Whatcom Museum
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The Whatcom Museum was originally built in 1892 as the city hall for the former town of New Whatcom, before it was joined with surrounding towns to form Bellingham, Washington. The building was designed in a Late Victorian style by Alfred Lee, a local architect, the design itself was an almost exact replica of the second Saginaw County Courthouse in Saginaw, Michigan, Designed by Fred W. Hollister. At the time of construction, the building was situated on a bluff above Bellingham Bay, however, over the years, significant amounts of the waterfront were filled in to make more land. Currently, the building sits above Maritime Heritage Park, the building served as city hall until 1936, and became part of the museum in 1941. In 1962, the fire damaged the building, but efforts from the community raised money to restore the building, in 2009, The Whatcom Museum opened a location in the newly designed Lightcatcher building. The Lightcatcher, designed by Seattle-based Olson Kundig Architects, is named for its 37 feet high and 180 feet long translucent wall, currently, the Whatcom Museum is a three building campus that includes Old City Hall, Syre Education Center and Lightcatcher which encloses the Family Interactive Gallery. Exploring Washingtons Past, University of Washington Press, insiders Guide to Bellingham and Mount Baker, Globe Pequot. North Puget Sound, The Mountaineers Books
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Flying Heritage & Combat Armor Museum
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In 2013, the Flying Heritage & Combat Armor Museum added a 22,000 square foot expansion hangar for its expanding collection. In 2017 there are plans to ground on a third hangar. In 2017 the Museum changed its name from the Flying Heritage Collection to the Flying Heritage & Combat Armor Museum, the Flying Heritage & Combat Armor Museum includes important military machines of the 20th century. These designs represent both an era of turmoil and a time of great technological innovation. The Flying Heritage & Combat Armor Museum is housed in a pair of working hangars, in the first, the exhibits focus on the home fronts and innovations of the major combatants—the United States, Japan, Russia, Germany, and Great Britain. The second hangar exhibits follow each nation’s combat machines into the five theaters of war, fly Days, scheduled throughout the summer, are an opportunity to watch vintage aircraft fly and meet their pilots. Throughout the calendar year, FHCAM offers educational and gaming opportunities along with events like TankFest Northwest. TankFest Northwest is a Memorial Day show in which the Collections restored World War II-era tanks, vehicles, the Flying Heritage & Combat Armor Museum is operated by Friends of Flying Heritage, a nonprofit corporation focused on educating the public about these aircraft. In 1998, Paul Allen began acquiring and preserving vintage aircraft, many of the historic aircraft have been restored to flying condition. List of aerospace museums Flying Heritage & Combat Armor Museum Flying Heritage Collection Paul Allen. com, page on collection
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Future of Flight Aviation Center & Boeing Tour
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The Future of Flight Aviation Center is an aviation museum and education center located at the northwest corner of Paine Field in Mukilteo, Washington. It is the point for the Boeing Tour, a tour of a portion of Boeings Everett. It is also home of the Future of Flight Foundation, a organization that owns the museums collection. The museum includes a 28, 000-square-foot gallery containing static and interactive exhibits and displays as well as a 240-seat theater, café, the $23-million dollar project debuted in December 2005 with the opening of the museum. The Future of Flight Foundation is a 501-3 nonprofit organization, the Foundation operates the Center and owns the Centers collection. The Foundations mission is to educate, entertain and engage our community to inspire innovation. Exhibits at the Future of Flight Aviation Center include, A comparison between the Boeing 707 fuselage and the Boeing 787 fuselage, videos, presentations, and mock-ups illustrating the history of the passenger experience in Boeing aircraft from the 707 to the 787. A genuine Boeing 727 cockpit in which visitors can sit and operate switches, working full-size model GE90777 engine and Rolls-Royce Trent 1000787 engine. Various full-size airplanes suspended from the exhibit area ceiling, displays of jet aircraft components, including engines, landing gear, and sections of tail and fuselage from several manufacturers. Innovator - a virtual ride to places and experiences like Egypt, the Battle for Iwo Jima. A learning area covering the inner workings of aircraft, videos and information about flight decks in a variety of Boeing aircraft. Displays and videos on the history of jet airplanes and the airlines that have used them, an area for visitors to design and print their own airplane image. The How Planes are Made Family Zone, a rooftop observation deck, with views of the Boeing factory, Paine Field, and parked aircraft outside. The Boeing Tour covers the Boeing Everett Factory, where guests can view airplanes in all stages of construction, the factory is the location for production of the Boeing 747,767,777, and 787. The tour also includes the main building, which holds the record in Guinness World Records for the largest building in the world by volume. It is 472 million cu. ft and covers 98.3 acres, the former Boeing Tour Center was located next to the factory and now is abandoned, after closing in December 2005 when the Future of Flight Aviation Center opened. The Boeing Store is located at the front of the tour and it is a store that features items that relate to the Boeing Company. There is a separate Future of Flight store next to it, selling many more traditional Pacific Northwest gift shop items, the center also includes a small cafeteria across the lobby
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McChord Field
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McChord Field is a United States Air Force base in the northwest United States, in Pierce County, Washington. South of Tacoma, McChord Field is the home of the 62d Airlift Wing, Air Mobility Command, the McChord facility was consolidated with the U. S. Armys Fort Lewis on 1 February 2010 to become part of the Joint Base Lewis-McChord complex. The 62d Airlift Wing is the host unit at McChord Field and it is assigned to the Eighteenth Air Force and is composed of more than 7,200 active duty military and civilian personnel. It is tasked with supporting worldwide combat and humanitarian airlift contingencies, Aircraft of the 62d fly around the globe, conducting airdrop training, it also carries out the Antarctic resupply missions. The 62d Operations Group flies the C-17 Globemaster III transport from McChord Field and it consists of three airlift squadrons and an Operations Support Squadron. 4th Airlift Squadron 7th Airlift Squadron 8th Airlift Squadron Other wing components are the 62d Maintenance Group, 62d Operations Group, Operations of the McChord Air Museum are located in three separate areas. The main Museum gallery and operations facility is located in the end of McChord Field, Heritage Hill Airpark. The McChord Air Museum is open Wednesdays through Fridays 12 pm –4 pm, visitors from states that do not comply with the requirements of the Real ID Act of 2005 or a Washington State Enhanced Driver’s License must provide additional forms of identification. Citizens must sponsored by a U. S. DoD cardholder. In 1917, the citizens of Pierce County, Washington approved a measure for $2,000,000 to buy 70,000 acres of land to be donated to the Federal Government for use as a military reservation. Ten years later, in 1927, another measure was passed to establish an airfield just north of the military reservation. The airfield, named Tacoma Field, officially opened 14 March 1930, on 28 February 1938 the airfield was officially transferred to the federal government. Col. McChord, rated as a military aviator in 1918, died while trying to force-land his Northrop A-17 near Maidens. At the time of his death, he was Chief of the Training, Tacoma Field was renamed McChord Field,17 December 1937. Over the subsequent two decades McChord Field grew to roughly 3,000 acres, encompassing the northern tip of the 70,000 acre Ft. Lewis. It became independent of Ft. Lewis in 1947 following the creation of the Air Force under provisions of the National Security Act of 1947 and was subsequently named McChord AFB. In 1940 McChord Field became the headquarters of the GHQ Air Force Northwest Air District, with a mission for the defense of the Pacific Northwest and Upper Great Plains regions of the United States. The 17th Bombardment Group was moved to the new airfield from March Field, the 17th Bomb Group was reassigned in February 1942 to Columbia Army Air Base in South Carolina, where crews from the group were selected to carry out the Doolittle Raid on Japan in April
28.
Museum of Flight
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The Museum of Flight is a private non-profit air and space museum in the northwest United States. It is located at the end of King County International Airport, in the city of Tukwila. It was established in 1965 and is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums. As the largest private air and space museum in the world, the museum attracts over 500,000 visitors every year. The restoration took place over a 16-year period, and after completion, was put on display as a centerpiece for the museum, in 1968, the name Museum of Flight first appeared in use in a 10, 000-square-foot facility, rented at the Seattle Center. Planning began at this time for a permanent structure. Boeing Red Barn was acquired for one dollar from the Port of Seattle, the 1909 all-wooden Red Barn, the original home of the company, was barged two miles up the Duwamish River to its current location at the southwestern end of Boeing Field. Fundraising was slow in the late 1970s, and after restoration and that year a funding campaign was launched, so capital could be raised for construction of the T. A. Wilson Great Gallery. In 1987, Vice President George Bush, joined by four Mercury astronauts, cut the ribbon to open the facility on July 10, with an expansive volume of 3,000,000 cubic feet. The gallerys structure is built in a space frame structure and holds more than 20 hanging aircraft. The museums education programs grew significantly with the building of a Challenger Learning Center in 1992 and this interactive exhibit allows students to experience a Space Shuttle mission. It includes a mock-up NASA mission control, and experiments from all areas of space research, completed in 1994, the 132-seat Wings Cafe and the 250-seat Skyline multipurpose banquet and meeting room increased the museums footprint to 185,000 square feet. The first jet-powered Air Force One, a Boeing VC-137B, was flown to Boeing Field in 1996, retired from active service earlier that year, it is on loan from the Air Force Museum. Originally parked on the east side of the museum, it was driven across East Marginal Way and now resides in the museums Airpark, in 1997, the museum opened the first full scale, interactive Air Traffic Control tower exhibit. The tower overlooks the Boeing Field runways, home to one of the thirty busiest airports in the country, the exhibit offers a glimpse into what it is like to be an air traffic controller. The next major expansion was opened in 2004, with the addition of the J. Elroy McCaw Personal Courage Wing. North of the Red Barn, the wing has 88,000 square feet of space on two floors, with more than 25 World War I and World War II aircraft. It also has large collection of aircraft, including every plane from both wars
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Port Townsend Aero Museum
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Port Townsend Aero Museum is an aviation museum located at Jefferson County International Airport in Port Townsend, Washington. It was founded in 2001 and contains over 31 rare and antique aircraft specimens for public view, many youth volunteers achieved their pilots license while there as well as create something that they can look at with pride
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Hands On Children's Museum
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Hands On Childrens Museum is a childrens museum in Olympia, Washington, USA. It was founded in 1987 and received over 150,000 visitors a year at its old location near the Washington State Capitol. After moving to its new, permanent home on Olympias East Bay, at 414 Jefferson Street on Olympias East Bay, visitorship grew to over 300,000 in its first year. The New Hands On Childrens Museum, geared for children ages 0-11, features 8 themed galleries focusing on science and nature, the galleries include, Good For You. Snug Harbor, and the two-story Tides-to-Trees Climber and Stream Slide, opened in late Summer 2013, the Outdoor Discovery Center includes a Beach, Driftwood Forts, Mud Pie Pit, an interactive Stickworks sculpture Raccoon Run, and a Fire Pit/Storytelling Ring. Check their website for the most updated exhibit plans, www. hocm. org, access Programs served 86,000 children, families and educators in 2013, which represented a 37% increase since 2012. Programs include free monthly parenting classes, a weekly preschool enrichment program, Free Friday Nights every month. The Museum also offers discounted military admission and memberships, free trips for rural, Title I and underserved elementary schools. Its signature event Sand in the City is the second largest event in the region, offering free art and science activities for 35,000 children, the Museum is the first childrens museum to receive a three Green Globes certification for green building and LEED certification
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KidsQuest Children's Museum
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KidsQuest Childrens Museum is a 501 non-profit organization that provides hands-on education and experiences to children birth-8 years, located in Bellevue, Washington. Exhibits and classes are intended to encourage cognitive, physical and emotional development through play with an emphasis on science, technology, engineering, art and math. The museum opened on December 11,2005 in the Marketplace @ Factoria in Bellevue and was designed to accommodate 60,000 visitors per year, as of 2014, the museum averages over 155,000 visitors per year, and has had over a million visitors since opening. In January 2017, KidsQuest moved to a new location in Downtown Bellevue, official website KidsQuest receives $20,000 grant. Adults at carnival to benefit KidsQuest Museum, thousands free their inner child at museum
32.
Museum of Pop Culture
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The Museum of Pop Culture, or MoPOP is a nonprofit museum, dedicated to contemporary popular culture. It was founded by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen in 2000 as the Experience Music Project, since that time MoPOP has organized dozens of exhibits,17 of which have toured across the US and internationally. An annual 21 and under battle-of-the-bands that supports the all-ages scene, and Pop Conference, a gathering of academics, critics, musicians. MoPOP, in collaboration with the Seattle International Film Festival presents the Science Fiction and Fantasy Short Film Festival, MoPOP is home to exhibits, interactive activity stations, sound sculpture, and various educational resources. Exhibits that cover pop culture, from the art of fantasy, horror cinema, IF VI WAS IX, a guitar sculpture consisting of more than 500 musical instruments and 30 computers conceived by UK exhibit designer Neal Potter and developed by sound sculptor Trimpin. Public programs such as MoPOP’s Science Fiction + Fantasy Short Film Festival, Pop Conference, the Youth Advisory Board, the Science Fiction Museum and Hall of Fame was founded by Paul Allen and Jody Patton and opened to the public on June 18,2004. It incorporated the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame which had established in 1996. The museum was divided into galleries with common themes such as Homeworld, Fantastic Voyages, Brave New Worlds. Each gallery displayed related memorabilia in large display cases, posters, from robots to jet packs to space suits and ray guns, its all here. Members of the advisory board included Steven Spielberg, Ray Bradbury, James Cameron. The Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame was founded in 1996 by the Kansas City Science Fiction and Fantasy Society, the chairmen were Keith Stokes and Robin Wayne Bailey. Only writers and editors were eligible for recognition and four were inducted annually, each class of four was announced at Kansas Citys annual science fiction convention, ConQuesT, and inducted at the Campbell Conference hosted by CSSF. The Hall of Fame stopped inducting fantasy writers after 2004, when it became part of the Science Fiction Museum affiliated with MoPOP, having inducted 36 writers in nine years, in 2005 it began to recognize non-literary media. It retained the quota of four new members and thus reduced the number of writers. The 2005 and 2006 press releases placed new members in Literature, Art, and Film, Television and Media, in 2007 and 2008 the fourth inductee was placed in one of the three substantial categories. MoPOP de-installed the Science Fiction Museum in March 2011, when the exhibition Icons of Science Fiction opened in June 2012, a new Hall of Fame display was unveiled and the class of 2012 inducted. Nominations are submitted by the public but the selections are made by award-winning science fiction authors, artists, editors, publishers, MoPOP restored the original name online during June 2013 and announced five new members, one daily, beginning June 17. The first four were cited largely or wholly for science fiction, tolkien, hailed as the father of modern fantasy literature
33.
Northwest African American Museum
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The museum is located in Seattle, Washingtons historically African-American Central District neighborhood in the former Colman School. The building also contains 36 units of affordable housing, the first efforts at creating the museum began in 1981, by a multi-racial coalition called Community Exchange. In 1984 a formal task force was established, the following year, community activists Earl Debnam, Michael Greenwood, Charlie James and Omari Tahir-Garrett occupied the disused Colman School to claim the building as the desired museum location. Tahir-Garretts son Wyking Kwame Garrett later also participated in occupation, which continued for eight years, meanwhile, the city of Seattle, Seattle School District, and community activists explored other possible locations for the museum. In 1995, Mayor Norman Rice appointed Bob Flowers as chairman of the museum board, the Urban League became involved in the project in 2001 under the leadership of Board of Directors and CEO James Kelly and purchased the Colman School from Seattle Public Schools in 2003. Unlike Flowerss group, the Urban League group had no continuity from the group that had occupied the building, leading to a split among African-American activists. Carver Gayton was appointed director of the museum and Barbara Earl Thomas was appointed curator in 2004-2005, ground was broken in spring 2006. During the March 2008 opening ceremonies, Wyking Kwame Garrett seized the microphone and described the Urban-League-led museum as a disgrace, a scam and he refused to leave or to be quiet, and was arrested. Nonetheless, Carver Gayton acknowledged the role in bringing the museum into being. Similarly, Rev. Sam McKinney, former pastor of Seattles Mount Zion Baptist Church, thanked the occupiers, For eight years, they fought the wrecking ball. The museum has 17,000 square feet of space, including a bookstore/gift shop, galleries for temporary and permanent exhibitions. The museums inaugural exhibit featured the work of Jacob Lawrence and James W. Washington, though the artists came from different backgrounds and their art entreated different topics and mediums, one thing they held in common was a firm belief in their own direction as artists. Their work moves us because they were compelled to do it. Both Lawrence and Washington did the work of finding their authentic voice as artists, a hard journey that few accomplish. That task was multiplied hugely by the fact that they were men in a country with deep racial divides and prejudices. They were trailblazers, creating opportunities and helping others along the path and we can all benefit by the work they did. Northwest African American Museum, official site Susan Gilmore, African American Museum opens to acclaim, Seattle Times, includes links to a gallery of photos of the museum on its opening day and to several Seattle Times articles from a special supplement about the museum. Mary T. Henry, Northwest African American Museum, HistoryLink, stevens, Jeff, November 24,1985, The Colman School Occupation, November 12,2011
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Suquamish Museum
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The Suquamish Museum is a museum located on the Port Madison Indian Reservation in Washington state. It preserves and displays relics and records related to the Suquamish Tribe, including artifacts from the Old Man House, founded in 1983, the museum currently occupies a facility opened in 2012. The Suquamish Museum opened in 1983 as the Suquamish Museum and Cultural Center, in 2009 the Suquamish tribe launched a capital campaign to construct a new facility, enlisting Senator Patty Murray and former Washington Secretary of State Ralph Munro to help lead the effort. The new facility opened in 2012 and is triple the size of the original building, the facility was designed by the Seattle architectural firm Mithun and is a LEED Gold certified building. In 2013 it received a citation from the Washington Council of the American Institute of Architects, the controversial transfer was contested by the Duwamish, an unrecognized tribe and historic Suquamish rival who claim ownership of the artifacts. Exhibits have included a SITES display Native Words, Native Warriors, the Suquamish Museum is governed by a five-member board of directors appointed by the Suquamish Tribal Council. The galleries and auditorium of the museum are open daily during the summer, the museums storage vault is open to tribal members and accredited researchers weekly
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DuPont Museum
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The DuPont Museum is a historical museum in DuPont, Washington. The museum was opened in 1977 in the former DuPont City Hall building, in 1982 a non-profit foundation, the DuPont Historical Society, was formed to operate the museum. The museum continues to support the 8,000, and growing, citizens of DuPont, the museum organizes the annual Hudsons Bay Day celebration commemorating the role of the Hudsons Bay Company and Fort Nisqually in local history
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Harbor History Museum
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The Harbor History Museum is a regional maritime and history museum in Gig Harbor, Washington. It hosts exhibits on regional culture and history, and Midway Schoolhouse, the museum won the Washington Museum Association annual Award of Project Excellence for an exhibit called Midway Pioneer School Experience. The museum acquired its current 14, 500-square-foot location on downtown Gig Harbors Harborview Drive with a $1.5 million gift from a Gig Harbor family, the museum opened there in 2010. In late 2014 the museum announced it would host more local cultural events including monthly music concerts in 2015. The museum is restoring a wooden fishing boat, the Shenandoah, that worked the San Juan Islands from 1925 until it was donated to the museum in 2000
