1.
Halifax, Nova Scotia
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Halifax, legally known as the Halifax Regional Municipality, is the capital of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. The municipality had a population of 403,131 in 2016, the regional municipality consists of four former municipalities that were amalgamated in 1996, Halifax, Dartmouth, Bedford, and the Municipality of Halifax County. Halifax is an economic centre in Atlantic Canada with a large concentration of government services. Agriculture, fishing, mining, forestry and natural gas extraction are major resource found in the rural areas of the municipality. Additionally, Halifax has consistently placed in the top 10 for business friendliness of North and South American cities, the first permanent European settlement in the region was on the Halifax Peninsula. The establishment of the Town of Halifax, named after the 2nd Earl of Halifax, the establishment of Halifax marked the beginning of Father Le Loutres War. The war began when Edward Cornwallis arrived to establish Halifax with 13 transports, by unilaterally establishing Halifax the British were violating earlier treaties with the Mikmaq, which were signed after Father Rales War. Cornwallis brought along 1,176 settlers and their families, St. Margarets Bay was first settled by French-speaking Foreign Protestants at French Village, Nova Scotia who migrated from Lunenburg, Nova Scotia during the American Revolution. The resulting explosion, the Halifax Explosion, devastated the Richmond District of Halifax, killing approximately 2,000 people, the blast was the largest artificial explosion before the development of nuclear weapons. Significant aid came from Boston, strengthening the bond between the two coastal cities, the municipal boundary thus now includes all of Halifax County except for several First Nation reserves. Since amalgamation, the region has officially been known as the Halifax Regional Municipality, on April 15,2014, the regional council approved the implementation of a new branding campaign for the region developed by the local firm Revolve Marketing. The campaign would see the region referred to in promotional materials simply as Halifax, mayor Mike Savage defended the decision, stating, Im a Westphal guy, Im a Dartmouth man, but Halifax is my city, we’re all part of Halifax. Because when I go and travel on behalf of this municipality, metropolitan Halifax is a term used to describe the urban concentration surrounding Halifax Harbour, including the Halifax Peninsula, the core of Dartmouth, and the Bedford-Sackville areas. It is the Statistics Canada population centre of Halifax, the dense urban core is centred on the Halifax Peninsula and the area of Dartmouth inside of the Circumferential Highway. The suburban area stretches into areas known as Mainland Halifax to the west, Cole Harbour to the east and this urban area is the most populous on Canadas Atlantic coast, and the second largest coastal population centre in the country after Vancouver, British Columbia. Halifax currently accounts for 40% of Nova Scotias population, and 15% of that of Atlantic Canada, Halifaxs urban core is home to a number of regional landmark buildings and retains significant historic buildings and districts. The downtowns office towers are overlooked by the fortress of Citadel Hill with its iconic Halifax Town Clock, Dalhousie Universitys campus is often featured in films and documentaries. Dartmouth also has its share of historic neighbourhoods and this has resulted in some modern high rises being built at unusual angles or locations
2.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
3.
Canada
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Canada is a country in the northern half of North America. Canadas border with the United States is the worlds longest binational land border, the majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its territory being dominated by forest and tundra. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, One third of the population lives in the three largest cities, Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Its capital is Ottawa, and other urban areas include Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg. Various aboriginal peoples had inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Pursuant to the British North America Act, on July 1,1867, the colonies of Canada, New Brunswick and this began an accretion of provinces and territories to the mostly self-governing Dominion to the present ten provinces and three territories forming modern Canada. With the Constitution Act 1982, Canada took over authority, removing the last remaining ties of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is officially bilingual at the federal level and it is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources, Canadas long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. Canada is a country and has the tenth highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the ninth highest ranking in the Human Development Index. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, Canada is an influential nation in the world, primarily due to its inclusive values, years of prosperity and stability, stable economy, and efficient military. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the origins of Canada. In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona, from the 16th to the early 18th century Canada referred to the part of New France that lay along the St. Lawrence River. In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada collectively named The Canadas, until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the name for the new country at the London Conference. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, later that year, the name of national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to Canada Day
4.
Nova Scotia
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Nova Scotia is one of Canadas three Maritime provinces, and one of the four provinces which form Atlantic Canada. Nova Scotia is Canadas second-smallest province, with an area of 55,284 square kilometres, including Cape Breton, as of 2016, the population was 923,598. Nova Scotia is the second most-densely populated province in Canada with 17.4 inhabitants per square kilometre, Nova Scotia means New Scotland in Latin and is the recognized English language name for the province. In Scottish Gaelic, the province is called Alba Nuadh, which simply means New Scotland. Nova Scotia is Canadas second-smallest province in area after Prince Edward Island, the provinces mainland is the Nova Scotia peninsula surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, including numerous bays and estuaries. Nowhere in Nova Scotia is more than 67 km from the ocean, Nova Scotia has many ancient fossil-bearing rock formations. These formations are rich on the Bay of Fundys shores. Blue Beach near Hantsport, Joggins Fossil Cliffs, on the Bay of Fundys shores, has yielded an abundance of Carboniferous age fossils, wassons Bluff, near the town of Parrsboro, has yielded both Triassic and Jurassic age fossils. Nova Scotia lies in the mid-temperate zone, since the province is almost surrounded by the sea, the climate is closer to maritime than to continental climate. The winter and summer temperature extremes of the climate are moderated by the ocean. However, winters are cold enough to be classified as continental – still being nearer the freezing point than inland areas to the west. The Nova Scotia climate is in ways similar to the central Baltic Sea coast in Northern Europe. This is in spite of Nova Scotia being some fifteen parallels south, areas not on the Atlantic coast experience warmer summers more typical of inland areas, and winter lows a little colder. The province includes regions of the Mikmaq nation of Mikmaki, the Mikmaq people inhabited Nova Scotia at the time the first European colonists arrived. In 1605, French colonists established the first permanent European settlement in the future Canada at Port Royal, the British conquest of Acadia took place in 1710. The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 formally recognized this and returned Cape Breton Island to the French, present-day New Brunswick then still formed a part of the French colony of Acadia. The British changed the name of the capital from Port Royal to Annapolis Royal, in 1749, the capital of Nova Scotia moved from Annapolis Royal to the newly established Halifax. In 1755 the vast majority of the French population were removed in the Expulsion of the Acadians
5.
Daylight saving time
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Daylight saving time is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months by one hour so that evening daylight lasts an hour longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times. Typically, regions that use Daylight Savings Time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring, American inventor and politician Benjamin Franklin proposed a form of daylight time in 1784. New Zealander George Hudson proposed the idea of saving in 1895. The German Empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation, starting on April 30,1916, many countries have used it at various times since then, particularly since the energy crisis of the 1970s. The practice has both advocates and critics, DST clock shifts sometimes complicate timekeeping and can disrupt travel, billing, record keeping, medical devices, heavy equipment, and sleep patterns. Computer software often adjusts clocks automatically, but policy changes by various jurisdictions of DST dates, industrialized societies generally follow a clock-based schedule for daily activities that do not change throughout the course of the year. The time of day that individuals begin and end work or school, North and south of the tropics daylight lasts longer in summer and shorter in winter, with the effect becoming greater as one moves away from the tropics. However, they will have one hour of daylight at the start of each day. Supporters have also argued that DST decreases energy consumption by reducing the need for lighting and heating, DST is also of little use for locations near the equator, because these regions see only a small variation in daylight in the course of the year. After ancient times, equal-length civil hours eventually supplanted unequal, so civil time no longer varies by season, unequal hours are still used in a few traditional settings, such as some monasteries of Mount Athos and all Jewish ceremonies. This 1784 satire proposed taxing window shutters, rationing candles, and waking the public by ringing church bells, despite common misconception, Franklin did not actually propose DST, 18th-century Europe did not even keep precise schedules. However, this changed as rail transport and communication networks came to require a standardization of time unknown in Franklins day. Modern DST was first proposed by the New Zealand entomologist George Hudson, whose shift work job gave him time to collect insects. An avid golfer, he also disliked cutting short his round at dusk and his solution was to advance the clock during the summer months, a proposal he published two years later. The proposal was taken up by the Liberal Member of Parliament Robert Pearce, a select committee was set up to examine the issue, but Pearces bill did not become law, and several other bills failed in the following years. Willett lobbied for the proposal in the UK until his death in 1915, william Sword Frost, mayor of Orillia, Ontario, introduced daylight saving time in the municipality during his tenure from 1911 to 1912. Starting on April 30,1916, the German Empire and its World War I ally Austria-Hungary were the first to use DST as a way to conserve coal during wartime, Britain, most of its allies, and many European neutrals soon followed suit. Russia and a few other countries waited until the year
6.
Dean, Nova Scotia
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Other communities in the North Branch include Elmsvale, Greenwood, Upper Musquodoboit, and Moose River Gold Mines, among others. Route 336 runs north-south through Dean, the only other major road in the community is Woodside Rd, which leads to Trafalgar, in neighboring Guysborough County. There are other minor roads in Dean. Telephone exchange 902 -568 Postal code - B0N 2M0 Explore HRM
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Upper Musquodoboit, Nova Scotia
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The community is located along the Musquodoboit River. The community had a population of 473 at the 2006 Census, Upper Musquodoboit has 1 school, Upper Musquodoboit Elementary School, which teaches grades primary through 6. The school was built in 1962, in 2014, there were 41 students enrolled in the school. For children whom are grade 7 or higher, they go to Musquodoboit Rural High School for school, Upper Musquodoboit also has a convenience store, an auto-body shop and a limestone mine, named Mosher Limestone. Upper Musquodoboit is situated at the junction of Route 336 with Route 224
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Middle Musquodoboit, Nova Scotia
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The communitys name comes from the First Nations word Mooskoduboogwek, which means to suddenly wide out after a narrow entrance at its mouth. For an unspecified amount of time after 1883, Middle Musquodoboit was called Laytonville, there are numerous farms in the Middle Musquodoboit area. It, along with Upper Musquodoboit, are the communities in the valley. Middle Musquodoboit has a Co-op store, a bakery/restaurant, a station, a police station, a natural resources station, a post office. The annual Halifax County Exhibition is held each August in the community, there is a park along the Musquodoboit River 5 minutes outside Middle Musquodoboit, towards Upper Musquodoboit. Musquodoboit Valley Memorial Hospital is the hospital in the Musquodoboit Valley. The facility is located on the side of the Musquodoboit River. It is connected to Braeside Nursing Home, which adjacent to the hospital, Middle Musquodoboit boasts two schools, Musquodoboit Rural High School and Musquodoboit Valley Education Centre. MRHS is the high school in the Musquodoboit Valley. It has two schools, Musquodoboit Valley Education Centre and Upper Musquodoboit Consolidated School, located in Upper Musquodoboit. The school teaches grades seven through twelve, the school was constructed in 2008. In 2014, there were 262 students enrolled in the school, Musquodoboit Valley Education Centre is a feeder school of MRHS. The school teaches grades primary through six, the school was constructed in 2001. In 2014, there were 133 students enrolled in the school, Middle Musquodoboit is located at the junction of Route 357 with Route 224. The roads in the area are a mix of paved and unpaved roads. Québec-based writer and artist Simon Brown, Musquodoboit Valley Education Centre Musquodoboit Rural High School Simon Brown Explore HRM
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Carroll's Corner, Nova Scotia
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Carrolls Corner is a rural community in the northwestern part of the Halifax Regional Municipality in the Musquodoboit Valley of Nova Scotia, Canada. The community is located along Highway 277 and extends to the North and South along the Milford Road and Antrim Road, the community was named after its first settler, John Carroll. The worlds largest open pit mine, owned by National Gypsum Company, is located partially in Carrolls Corner. The discovery of fossils in the mine in 1991 led to the communitys annual week-long Mastodon Days celebration in July. HRM Civic Address Map Carrolls Corner Community Centre
10.
Meaghers Grant, Nova Scotia
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Meaghers Grant is a rural community in the Musquodoboit Valley region of the eastern Halifax Regional Municipality Nova Scotia on Route 357. The community is located on the Musquodoboit River and the economy is mainly farming and it is approximately 45 minutes away from Halifax, the provinces capital city. The River Oaks Golf course is located there, Meaghers Grant was land owned by Captain Martin Meagher in the 18th century. John Dunbrack was the first person to build a house in the Meaghers Grant area, and he and his wife were granted Gibraltar
11.
Musquodoboit Harbour, Nova Scotia
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Musquodoboit Harbour is a Canadian rural community in Nova Scotias Halifax Regional Municipality. The community is situated on the Eastern Shore at the mouth of the Musquodoboit River, the community lies 45 kilometres east of downtown Halifax. Musquodoboit means foaming to the sea, flowing out square or rolling out in foam, the community is an anglicized version of the Mi’kmaq word Moosekudoboogwek or Muskoodeboogwek. The community was settled in the 1780s mainly by Loyalists, much early travel was by water as roads were rough. Beginning in 1852, the stage coach travelled from Musquodoboit Harbour to Dartmouth at a cost of 5 shillings, the first automobile was owned by Dr. Kennedy in 1909. The Dartmouth Eastern Railway commenced in 1912 to carry lumber and lime from Middle Musquodoboit to Dartmouth, a station was completed in 1918 and today houses the Musquodoboit Harbour Railway Museum, which also serves as the local tourism office in summer. The museum grounds contain a passenger car, snow plow from the Dominion Atlantic Railway, the museum is on the Canadian Register of Historic Places. The Rural Telephone system came into use around 1909 and it all began one evening in 1957 when Garth Young was sitting at the table playing crib with friends. His sister ran in and said she could see flames in a window upstairs as she was driving down the road, Garth and his father each grabbed a bucket of water and ran upstairs, but there was nothing they could do. There was no fire department in Musquodoboit Harbour and they called Lands and Forests who showed up later with a portable pump and some hose. But by now, the two story house was in flames and the family members who lived there could only watch helplessly as it burned to the ground. The loss motivated Garth Young and other people in the community to establish their own fire department, by 1960 Garth Young was clearing land for the new station. A year later the Musquodoboit Harbour Volunteer Fire Department was born, the Musquodoboit Harbour Volunteer Fire Department formed in 1961 with the fire hall opening on October 6,1964. The first piece of equipment they had was a trailer with a pump on it and it had compartments on each side into which they were able to put extra equipment, such as hoses. The first truck they had was a 1957 milk truck that they bought in 1963 from a farmer, the Fire Department Ladies Auxiliary formed in February 1967. In 1996, Halifax, Dartmouth, Bedford, and the County of Halifax amalgamated into what is today the Halifax Regional Municipality, on June 13,2008, The station was actively involved in the Porters Lake fire, one of the biggest forest fire in Nova Scotias history. Members spent 5 days working side-by-side with the Department of Natural Resources, on October 6,2008, the station was manned with career staff for the very first time. From October 6,2008 to December 31,2008, the crew was made up of a career Lieutenant, on January 1,2009 the station was officially manned with career staff, Monday to Friday, with anywhere between 2 and 4 personnel, depending on the needs
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Nova Scotia Route 224
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Route 224 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It is located in the Halifax Regional Municipality and Colchester County, connecting Sheet Harbour at Trunk 7 with Milford Station at Exit 9 of Highway 102, the route passes through the upper half of the Musquodoboit Valley. The route begins at Exit 9 of Highway 102 in Milford Station in East Hants and runs north to Shubenacadie, where Route 224 is duplexed with Trunk 2 for a short time. Then, the crosses the Shubenacadie River and enters Colchester County, then turns right and runs south through Pine Grove, to Gays River. The route then turns southeast, then enters the Halifax Regional Municipality, the route then passes through Cooks Brook and Chaswood, to Middle Musquodoboit, where it meets Route 357. The route then turns left and runs through the part of the Musquodoboit Valley, passing through Centre Musquodoboit. The route passes by the Musquodoboit Valley Provincial park in Middle Musquodoboit, in Upper Musquodoboit, the route meets Route 336 and turns south, where it begins to ascend the southern slope of the Musquodoboit Valley. The route then heads southeast toward the Eastern Shore, passing through Beaver Dam and Marinette then on to its terminus in Sheet Harbour. The route was originally called Trunk 24
13.
Musquodoboit River
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The Musquodoboit River /ˌmʌskəˈdɒbɪt/ is a Canadian river located in central Nova Scotia in the northeastern part of Halifax Regional Municipality. The river is approximately 97 kilometres in length and it has a watershed area of 1,409 km2. The name Musquodoboit is Mikmaq, roughly translated to beautiful water and it rises in the extreme northeastern part of the county near the boundary with Pictou and Guysborough counties. Near the halfway point, the river course at a right angle. Other communities along its length include Middle Musquodoboit, Moose River, Elderbank, Meaghers Grant, dollar Lake flows into the Musquodoboit River. The river is a recreational destination in central Nova Scotia as its calm. According to estimates by the Province of Nova Scotia, there were 27,846 people resident within the Musquodoboit River watershed in 2011, list of rivers of Nova Scotia Musquodoboit Harbour headwater lakes - watershed flow charts Musquodoboit Valley Tourism Association Musquodoboit Trailway
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Musquodoboit Rural High School
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Musquodoboit Rural High School, is a public secondary school in Middle Musquodoboit, Nova Scotia. It was founded in 1951 with a new building that opened in 2008. MRHS is a predominantly English school, however, it offers an Integreted French Program and their team name is the Mustangs and their colours are gold and black. It is the second smallest high school in the HRM due to the population of the area. They are a Bully Aware school and are also scent and peanut aware, Musquodoboit Rural High School has three feeder schools, those of which are Upper Musquodoboit Consolidated School, Dutch Settlement Elementary School, and Musquodoboit Valley Education Centre
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Precipitation
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In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel, Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and precipitates. Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated, Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called showers, moisture that is lifted or otherwise forced to rise over a layer of sub-freezing air at the surface may be condensed into clouds and rain. This process is active when freezing rain is occurring. A stationary front is often present near the area of freezing rain, provided necessary and sufficient atmospheric moisture content, the moisture within the rising air will condense into clouds, namely stratus and cumulonimbus. Eventually, the droplets will grow large enough to form raindrops. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy, thundersnow is possible within a cyclones comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation, on the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the trough, or intertropical convergence zone. Precipitation is a component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres of water falls as precipitation each year,398,000 cubic kilometres of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres over land. Given the Earths surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres, Climate classification systems such as the Köppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies, e. g. when it gets cold, Mars has precipitation which most likely takes the form of frost. Precipitation is a component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 km3 of water falls as precipitation each year,398,000 km3 of it over the oceans, given the Earths surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres. Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall, Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice
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Environment and Climate Change Canada
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Its ministerial headquarters is located in les Terrasses de la Chaudière, Gatineau, Quebec. The department is responsible for international environmental issues. CEPA was the piece of Canadas environmental legislation but was replaced when budget implementation bill entered into effect in June 2012. Under the Constitution of Canada, responsibility for management in Canada is a shared responsibility between the federal government and provincial/territorial governments. For example, provincial governments have primary authority for resource management including permitting industrial waste discharges, the federal government is responsible for the management of toxic substances in the country. Environment Canada continues to undergo a transformation to centralize authority and decision-making. In 2003, responsibility for Parks Canada was returned to the Minister of the Environment, Environment Canada Enforcement Branch is responsible for ensuring compliance with several federal statues. The Governor-in-Council appoints enforcement officers and pursuant to section 217 of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, there are two designations of enforcement officers, Environmental Enforcement and Wildlife Enforcement. The former administers the Canadian Environmental Protection Act and pollution provisions of the Fisheries Act, the latter enforces Migratory Birds Convention Act, Canada Wildlife Act, Species at Risk Act and The Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act. All officers wear green uniform with black ties and a badge. Environmental Enforcement Officers only carry baton and OC spray whereas Wildlife Enforcement Officers are also equipped with firearm, on March 4,2009, a bill to increase the enforcement capabilities of Environment Canada was introduced into the House of Commons. The various annexes define hazardous waste in Canada, and also deem any waste that is, the loophole in the regulations that allows tons of e-waste to be exported from Canada is the use of the definition of intact vs functional. A non-functioning electronic device that is intact can be exported under the current legislation, what cant be exported without prior informed consent is a non-functioning but no longer intact electronic device. The principal problem being, the non-functioning but intact electronic device is at risk of being disassembled in some far away e-waste dumping ground. The Canadian governments use of an interpretation of the Basel Convention obligations intact. See Canadian fact sheet and associated links, there have been 19 prosecutions undertaken for non-compliance with the provisions of the EIHWHRMR some of which are still before the courts. Electronic waste by country Bill C-38, replaced the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act with the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act,2012, by placing the emphasis on jobs, growth and prosperity significant changes have been made to the federal environmental assessment regime and environmental regulatory framework. The Durban talks were leading to a new binding treaty with targets for all countries to take effect in 2020, Environment minister Peter Kent argued that, The Kyoto protocol does not cover the worlds largest two emitters, the United States and China, and therefore cannot work
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Government in Halifax, Nova Scotia
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Halifax, formally known as Halifax Regional Municipality, is located in Nova Scotia, Canada. The municipality is governed by a mayor and a sixteen person Regional Council, most community council decisions are subject to final approval by regional council. Two areas of contention during the years have been in the areas of police. Halifax Regional Police is an amalgamation of the forces from the City of Halifax, City of Dartmouth. Areas that were part of the Municipality of the County of Halifax were policed by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police under a provincial policing contract. Jurisdictional boundaries have been relaxed in recent years, allowing more integration between both forces to allow for better coverage and response, unlike policing services, Halifax Fire and Emergency is an amalgamation of all fire departments in Halifax County. This has since been halted, although there is some tension between the professional paid HRFE members in the urban core and their volunteer rural counterparts. Since its creation, rapid property value increases and new construction have resulted in HRMs budget growing to $589 million in 2005/06, up from $439 million in 1996. It can be argued that HRMs recent voting pattern has actually placed the provincial NDP or social democratic politics in general and that being said, a majority of the people voted for the Liberals this past election
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Halifax Regional Council
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Halifax Regional Council is the governing body of Halifax, formally known as the Halifax Regional Municipality. Halifax Regional Council was formed in 1996 and consisted of twenty-three councillors and it was reduced in size to sixteen councillors and the mayor in 2012. The council meets at Halifax City Hall, the powers and authority of Halifax are laid out in the Halifax Regional Municipality Charter. Halifax Regional Council has established Standing Committees, Community Councils and Advisory Committees to aid in policy development, Community Councils are composed of Councillors and have preview over development, land use, park and community issues in their geographic area, as well as appointments to Standing Committees. Advisory committees include Councillors and citizens, and provide specific advice, generally each Councillor sits on two Standing Committees, one or more external boards, and one or more advisory committees. The Mayor is a member of all committees and is entitled to one vote, residents can only make presentations to committees and community councils, not Regional Council, either through formal presentations prior to or public participation at the end of each meeting. There are six standing committees of Regional Council, the Executive Committee is composed of the Mayor, Deputy Mayor, and Chair or designated representative appointed by each of the other five standing committees. Margarets Bay Coastal Planning Advisory Committee Western Common Advisory Committee There are two types of boards and commission to which HRM appoints Councillors and citizens. First, there are four boards of the regional municipality described by statute that function as arms length boards delivering municipal services. The current community councils were adopted after the 2012 election, Halifax & West Community Council Harbour East - Marine Drive Community Council North West Community Council The Office of the Mayor is located on the third floor of Halifax City Hall. Staffing roles and hiring are directed by the Mayor with the support of the CAO, staffing roles and hiring are the responsibility of the Manager Council Support under the office of the CAO. The current staff of the consists of nine full time. Elections are held four years on leap years. By-elections for council seats have held in 1998,1999,2003,2006 and 2007 after some regional councillors were elected to the provincial legislature. An examination of boundaries took place throughout 2003/04 upon which there was a redistribution of districts, the 2004 municipal election saw the combination of two districts into one in Cole Harbour, as well as the creation of a new district in Clayton Park West. List of mayors of Dartmouth, Nova Scotia for a list of mayors for the former City of Dartmouth, list of mayors of Bedford, Nova Scotia for a list of mayors for the former Town of Bedford, from 1979 -1996. List of wardens of Halifax County, Nova Scotia for a list of wardens for former Halifax County, from 1879 -1996
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Halifax City Hall
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Halifax City Hall is the home of municipal government in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Designed by architect Edward Elliot and constructed for the City of Halifax between 1887 and 1890, it is one of the oldest and largest public buildings in Nova Scotia, the property was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1997. Halifax City Hall was opened to Council and the public in 1890 replacing offices in the old house on the Halifax waterfront. City Hall was chosen to become the seat of the newly created Halifax Regional Municipality in 1996 and is now home to Halifax Regional Council as well as municipal offices. The building fronts Duke Street and is located at the end of Grand Parade. Dalhousie University was situated on the site of the building during the nineteenth century, for many years. A compromise was engineered by the premier, Sir William Young to facilitate a new use for the site, the university building was demolished to make way for the new structure and timbers from the old academic building were reportedly incorporated into the municipal building. In 1981, it was listed as a Municipally Registered Property under Nova Scotias Heritage Property Act. Designed in an eclectic, monumental style, the building is of cream and red sandstone and it also features granite construction on the ground floor and in the tower. The seven-storey tower has clock faces on the north and south sides, the northern face, is fixed at four minutes past nine to commemorate the Halifax Explosion of 1917. City Hall had five entrances in 1890. The grand entrance off of Grand Parade was the public entrance. There were also entrances off of Argyle Street to the second floor, one door allowed access to the building from the dry moat between the building and Grand Parade. Two doors facing Duke Street provided access to the station that was located in the first floor until the late 1940s. The first floor contained the police court, policemens rooms, office of Chief of Police. It was from these cells that Harry Houdini escaped in 1896. The main or second floor contained the office, the Board of Works, the City Clerk, the office of the Mayor, the Collector, the City Engineer. In 1907 stables were constructed under the north-east corner of the Grand Parade and this involved the installation of one regular size door and a larger door for horses and carts in the two northernmost granite arched bays, opening onto Barrington Street
Canada
Nova Scotia
Route 212
Route 224
Route 336
Route 357
