Mutualism (biology)
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Mutualism describes the ecological interaction between two or more species where each species has a net benefit. Mutualism is a common type of ecological interaction. Prominent examples are:the nutrient exchange between vascular plants and mycorrhizal fungi,
the fertilization of flowering plants by pollinators,
the ways plants use fruits and edible seeds to encourage animal aid in seed dispersal, and
the way corals become photosynthetic with the help of the microorganism zooxanthellae.
Hummingbird hawkmoth drinking from Dianthus, with pollination being a classic example of mutualism
The red-billed oxpecker eats ticks on the impala's coat, in a cleaning symbiosis.
Ocellaris clownfish and Ritter's sea anemones live in a mutual service-service symbiosis, the fish driving off butterflyfish and the anemone's tentacles protecting the fish from predators.
Dogs and sheep were among the first animals to be domesticated.
Ecology
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Ecology is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels. Ecology overlaps with the closely related sciences of biogeography, evolutionary biology, genetics, ethology, and natural history.
Image: Bufo boreas
Image: Blue Linckia Starfish
Image: Hawk eating prey
Image: European honey bee extracts nectar