1.
South Korea
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South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea, is a sovereign state in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. The earliest Korean pottery dates to 8000 BC, with three kingdoms flourishing in the 1st century BC and its rich and vibrant culture left 19 UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritages of Humanity, the third largest in the world, along with 12 World Heritage Sites. Annexed into Imperial Japan in 1910, Korea was divided after its surrender in 1945, peace has since mostly continued with the two agreeing to work peacefully for reunification and the South solidifying peace as a regional power with the worlds 10th largest defence budget. South Koreas tiger economy soared at an average of 10% for over 30 years in a period of rapid transformation called the Miracle on the Han River. A long legacy of openness and focus on innovation made it successful, today, it is the worlds fifth largest exporter with the G20s largest budget surplus and highest credit rating of any country in East Asia. It has free trade agreements with 75% of the economy and is the only G20 nation trading freely with China, the US. Since 1988, its constitution guarantees a liberal democracy with high government transparency, high personal freedoms led to the rise of a globally influential pop culture such as K-pop and K-drama, a phenomenon called the Korean Wave, known for its distinctive fashionable and trendy style. Home of the UN Green Climate Fund and GGGI, South Korea is a leader in low carbon growth, committed to helping developing countries as a major DAC. It is the third least ignorant country in the Index of Ignorance, ranking eighth highest for peaceful tolerance. It is the worlds largest spender on R&D per GDP, leading the OECD in graduates in science, the name Korea derives from the name Goryeo. The name Goryeo itself was first used by the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo in the 5th century as a form of its name. The 10th-century kingdom of Goryeo succeeded Goguryeo, and thus inherited its name, the modern spelling of Korea first appeared in the late 17th century in the travel writings of the Dutch East India Companys Hendrick Hamel. After Goryeo was replaced by Joseon in 1392, Joseon became the name for the entire territory. The new official name has its origin in the ancient country of Gojoseon, in 1897, the Joseon dynasty changed the official name of the country from Joseon to Daehan Jeguk. The name Daehan, which means great Han literally, derives from Samhan, however, the name Joseon was still widely used by Koreans to refer to their country, though it was no longer the official name. Under Japanese rule, the two names Han and Joseon coexisted, there were several groups who fought for independence, the most notable being the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. Following the surrender of Japan, in 1945, the Republic of Korea was adopted as the name for the new country. Since the government only controlled the part of the Korean Peninsula
2.
Korean drama
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South Korea started to broadcast television series in the 1960s. Todays mini deurama format of 12–24 episodes started in the 1990s, transforming traditional historical series to this format, Korean dramas are usually shot within a very tight schedule, often a few hours before actual broadcast. Screenplays are flexible and may change anytime during production, depending on viewers feedback, production companies often face financial issues. Korean dramas are popular worldwide, partially due to the spread of the Korean Wave, some of the most famous dramas have been broadcast via traditional television channels, for example, Dae Jang Geum was sold to 91 countries. Series are likely to have one season, with 12–24 episodes. Historical series may be longer, with 50 to 200 episodes, the broadcast time for dramas is 22,00 to 23,00, with episodes on two consecutive nights, Mondays and Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays, and weekends. The 19,00 to 20,00 evening time slot is usually for daily dramas that run from Monday through Friday, Dramas in these slots are in the telenovella format, rarely running over 200 episodes. Unlike the American soap operas, these dramas are not also scheduled during the day-time. Instead, the schedule often includes reruns of the flagship dramas. The night-time dailies can achieve high ratings. For example, the evening series Temptation of Wife peaked at 40. 6%, Sageuk refers to any Korean television or film drama that is either based on historical figures, incorporates historical events, or uses a historical backdrop. While technically the word literally translates to historical drama, the term is typically reserved for dramas taking place during Korean history. Popular subjects of sageuks have traditionally included famous battles, royalty, famous military leaders, since the mid-2000s sageuks have achieved major success outside of Korea. Sageuks including Dae Jang Geum, Yi San, and Jumong enjoyed strong ratings and high ratings in countries such Vietnam, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Fiji. Jumong, which aired on IRIB in 2008 had 85% viewership, series set in contemporary times usually run for one season, for 12−24 episodes of 60 minutes. They are often centered on a story, with family ties. Characters are mostly idealised, with Korean male protagonists described as handsome, intelligent, emotional and this has also been a contributing factor to the popularity of Korean dramas among women, as the image of Korean men became different from that of other Asian men. Radio broadcasting, including the broadcasting of radio dramas in Korea, began in 1927 under Japanese rule, with most programming in Japanese, after the Korean War, radio dramas such as Cheongsilhongsil reflected the countrys mood
3.
The Dong-a Ilbo
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The Dong-A Ilbo is a newspaper in Korea since 1920 with daily circulation of more than 1.2 million and opinion leaders as its main readers. It covers variety of areas including news, drama, entertainment, sports, education, the Dong-A Ilbo has partnered with international news companies such as The New York Times of the United States of America, The Asahi Shimbun of Japan and The Peoples Daily of China. It has correspondents stationed in five cities worldwide including Washington D. C. New York, Beijing, Tokyo and Paris and it also publishes global editions in 90 cities worldwide including New York, London, Paris and Frankfurt. In 1933, Dong-A Ilbo created the very first women’s magazine called The New Women For the female readers at the time could only read Korean characters, all the articles were written purely in Korean. The publication held events such as cooking schools and wives’ picnic providing women a place to socialize, Dong-A Ilbo also hosted athletic events for women. “Women’s National Tennis Competition” is Koreas and Dong-As oldest contest ever to be held, in 1939 when World War II erupted, the Japanese government began a campaign to unify Korea and Japan as a culture. This meant the suppression of much of Koreas cultural identity, after four attempts to close DongA Ilbo and other numerous occasions of inspection, censorship, seizure and deletion, the Japanese government succeeded in August 1940. The Dong-A Ilbo built Dong-A Broadcasting System, under the Chun Doo-hwan regime, South Koreas media policy had changed. The regime had closed several radio and TV networks and DBS was forced to give most of its shares to the government, the Dong-A Ilbo gave up DBS in 1980. The event that made forced closure possible was Dong-A Ilbos deliberate obscuration of the Japanese flag in a photograph of the first ever Korean Olympic Gold medalist. Sohn Kee-Chung won the medal in marathon at the 11th Summer Olympics in Berlin, however, because Korea was under Japanese rule. The article showed pride for the Korean athlete and featured a smudged Japanese flag to promote nationalistic ideas and they share information including articles and video clips. Dong-A Ilbo also prints global editions in 90 cities such as Washington DC, London, Paris, Frankfurt, etc. and has 22 branches world-wide including LA, Vancouver and it also has international correspondents stationed in 6 cities with New York, Tokyo, and Beijing among them. Also, the edition of the paper is available in English. Partnership, The Times Asahi Shimbun Peoples Daily Izvestia Sydney Morning Herald Dong-A Ilbo also has a publishing sector which produces magazines. There are four magazines, two weekly magazines and one annual magazine. The literature sector concentrates on translating and distributing foreign material and also creating domestic content, DongA Books has brought to Korea many international bestsellers and award winning literature as well as creating million sellers on its own
4.
Hangul
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The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul in South Korea and as Chosŏngŭl/Chosŏn Muntcha in North Korea is the alphabet that has been used to write the Korean language since the 15th century. It was created during the Joseon Dynasty in 1443 by King Sejong the Great, in South Korea, Hangul is used primarily to write the Korean language as using Hanja in typical Korean writing had fallen out of common usage during the late 1990s. In its classical and modern forms, the alphabet has 19 consonant and 21 vowel letters, however, instead of being written sequentially like the letters of the Latin alphabet, Hangul letters are grouped into blocks, such as 한 han, each of which transcribes a syllable. That is, although the syllable 한 han may look like a single character, each syllabic block consists of two to six letters, including at least one consonant and one vowel. These blocks are arranged horizontally from left to right or vertically from top to bottom. Each Korean word consists of one or more syllables, hence one or more blocks, of the 11,172 possible Hangul syllables, the most frequent 256 have a cumulative frequency of 88. 2%, with the top 512, it reaches 99. 9%. The modern name Hangul was coined by Ju Sigyeong in 1912, han meant great in archaic Korean, and geul is the native Korean word for script. Taken together, then, the meaning is great script, as the word han had also become one way of indicating Korea as a whole the name could also potentially be interpreted as Korean script. Korean 한글 is pronounced, and in English as /ˈhɑːn. ɡʊl/ or /ˈhɑːŋɡʊl/, when used as an English word, it is often rendered without the diacritics, hangul, and it is often capitalized as Hangul, as it appears in many English dictionaries. Hankul in the Yale romanization, a system recommended for technical linguistic studies, North Koreans call it Chosŏngŭl, after Chosŏn, the North Korean name for Korea. Because of objections to the names Hangeul, Chosŏngŭl, and urigeul by Koreans in China, until the early 20th century, Hangul was denigrated as vulgar by the literate elite, who preferred the traditional hanja writing system. They gave it such names as these, Achimgeul, in the original Hanja, it is rendered as 故智者不終朝而會，愚者可浹旬而學。 Gugmun Eonmun Amgeul. Am is a prefix that signifies a noun is feminine Ahaetgeul or Ahaegeul Hangul was promulgated by Sejong the Great, the Hall of Worthies, a group of scholars who worked with Sejong to develop and refine the new alphabet, is often credited for the work. The project was completed in late December 1443 or January 1444, the publication date of the Hunmin Jeong-eum, October 9, became Hangul Day in South Korea. Its North Korean equivalent, Chosongul Day, is on January 15, various speculations about the creation process were put to rest by the discovery in 1940 of the 1446 Hunmin Jeong-eum Haerye. This document explains the design of the consonant letters according to articulatory phonetics, to assuage this problem, King Sejong created the unique alphabet known as Hangul to promote literacy among the common people. However, it entered popular culture as Sejong had intended, being used especially by women, the late 16th century, however, saw a revival of Hangul, with gasa literature and later sijo flourishing. In the 17th century, Hangul novels became a major genre, by this point spelling had become quite irregular
5.
Jumong (TV series)
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Jumong is a South Korean historical period drama series that aired on MBC from 2006 to 2007 as the networks 45th anniversary special. Originally scheduled for 60 episodes, MBC extended it to 81 because of its popularity, the series examines the life of Jumong, founder of the kingdom of Goguryeo. Few details have found in the historical record about Jumong. The fantastic elements surrounding the original Jumong legend have been replaced with events more grounded in reality, Jumong is considered part of the Korean Wave, with viewership in Iran exceeding 80 percent. Haemosu, the leader of the resistance in the form of the Damul Army, covertly teams up with Prince Geumwa of Buyeo to defend. After being injured in a battle, Haemosu is rescued by Lady Yuhwa of the Habaek tribe, after escaping an assassination attempt by his half-brothers, Jumong leaves the palace and by a twist of fate, encounters his father, the now-elderly Haemosu in the wild. Jumong becomes skilled in combat under Haemosus covert tutelage, but is unaware of their father-son relationship, at the same time, Jumong forms a close relationship with Lady Soseono of the Gyeru trading clan of Jolbon. Following Haemosus assassination by Daeso and Youngpo, Jumong learns the truth and vows to avenge his father and he returns to Geumwa and leads the Buyeo army in a campaign against Lintun and Zhenfan Commanderies, but is reported missing in action and presumed dead following an injury in battle. Subsequently, Daeso seizes power in Buyeo by colluding with Xuantu Commandery, in desperation, Soseono weds her trading partner Wootae. Jumong, however, is rescued by the Hanbaek tribe and nursed back to health by Lady Yesoya and they return to Buyeo and Jumong feigns servitude to Daeso, thereby earning his trust. In despite, Geumwa holds Yesoya and her son Yuri hostage in the palace, over the next three years, the Damul Army grows and begins uniting various local tribes, to the discomfort of Buyeo and Han. When Yesoya and Yuri are reported missing from Buyeo, a grieving Jumong weds Soseono and they become king, after ruling Goguryeo for fifteen years, Jumong succeeds in reuniting with Yesoya and Yuri. Buyeo eventually collapses following the death of Daeso at the hands of Jumongs grandson Muhyul. Jumong continues battling against Han China to consolidate his realm, Jumong was filmed on location at MBC Dramia in Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi Province, where other period dramas were also filmed. The controversy primarily surrounded the cutting of certain segments, the mistranslation of place names, the changing of the word nation to tribe and the translation of the Han Dynasty as the heavenly dynasty has generated controversy about the stations editorial independence. This is related to controversies involving the governments of China and South Korea over the history of Goguryeo, Jumong official MBC website Jumong at MBC Global Media Jumong at HanCinema Jumong at the Internet Movie Database
6.
Plagiarism
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Plagiarism is the wrongful appropriation and stealing and publication of another authors language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions and the representation of them as ones own original work. Plagiarism is considered academic dishonesty and a breach of journalistic ethics and it is subject to sanctions like penalties, suspension, and even expulsion. Recently, cases of plagiarism have been identified in academia. The modern concept of plagiarism as immoral and originality as an ideal emerged in Europe in the 18th century, Plagiarism is not in itself a crime, but can constitute copyright infringement. In academia and industry, it is a serious ethical offense, Plagiarism is not defined or punished by law, but rather by institutions. In the 1st century, the use of the Latin word plagiarius to denote stealing someone elses work was pioneered by the Roman poet Martial, plagiary, a derivative of plagiarus, was introduced into English in 1601 by dramatist Ben Jonson to describe someone guilty of literary theft. The derived form plagiarism was introduced into English around 1620, the Latin plagiārius, kidnapper, and plagium, kidnapping, have the root plaga, based on the Indo-European root *-plak, to weave. Plagiarism specifically is not mentioned in any current statute, either criminal or civil, some cases may be treated as unfair competition or a violation of the doctrine of moral rights. The increased availability of copyrighted material due to the development of technology has furthered the debate as to whether copyright offences are criminal. In short, people are asked to use the guideline, if you did not write it yourself, Plagiarism is not the same as copyright infringement. Copyright infringement is a violation of the rights of a copyright holder, Plagiarism, in contrast, is concerned with the unearned increment to the plagiarizing authors reputation, or the obtaining of academic credit, that is achieved through false claims of authorship. Thus, plagiarism is considered an offense against the plagiarists audience. Plagiarism is also considered an offense against anyone who has provided the plagiarist with a benefit in exchange for what is specifically supposed to be original content. In such cases, acts of plagiarism may sometimes form part of a claim for breach of the plagiarists contract, or, if done knowingly. Within academia, plagiarism by students, professors, or researchers is considered academic dishonesty or academic fraud, many institutions use plagiarism detection software to uncover potential plagiarism and to deter students from plagiarizing. Most universities address the issue of academic integrity by providing students with thorough orientations, required writing courses, indeed, there is a virtually uniform understanding among college students that plagiarism is wrong. Nevertheless, each year students are brought before their institutions’ disciplinary boards on charges that they have misused sources in their schoolwork, an extreme form of plagiarism, known as contract cheating involves students paying someone else, such as an essay mill, to do their work for them. In journalism, plagiarism is considered a breach of journalistic ethics, some individuals caught plagiarizing in academic or journalistic contexts claim that they plagiarized unintentionally, by failing to include quotations or give the appropriate citation
7.
Kim Hee-ae
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Kim Hee-ae is a South Korean actress. She is best known for her roles in Korean dramas such as Sons and Daughters, Perfect Love, My Husbands Woman, A Wifes Credentials. Kim Hee-ae was born in 1967 in Jeju City, and her family moved to Seoul. Kim was a freshman at Hyehwa Girls High School when she was discovered by the brother of one of her teachers, he had been visiting the school by chance. This led to her first modeling job in a commercial for a school uniform brand in 1978, in 1983, Kim made her acting debut in the film The First Day of the Twentieth Year. While studying at Chung-Ang University as a Theater and Film major, over the next decade, she would go on to have a successful career on Korean television, alongside fellow top actresses Chae Shi-ra and Choi Jin-sil. She again drew praise in 2003 for two hit dramas. She worked again with Kim a year later in Precious Family, the adultery drama was a hit with a peak viewership rating of 38. 7%, and Kim yet again won the Daesang at the Korea Drama Awards and the SBS Drama Awards. Kim returned to acting four years later with Midas, in the role of a chaebol heiress who fosters greed. In 2014, Kim returned to the big screen after a 21-year absence in Thread of Lies, in 2016, Kim signed with YG Entertainment. Kim married Lee Chan-jin, CEO of the web portal DreamWiz, Kim Hee-ae Fan Cafe at Daum Kim Hee-ae at the Korean Movie Database Kim Hee-ae at the Internet Movie Database Kim Hee-ae at HanCinema
8.
Bae Jong-ok
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Bae Jong-ok is a South Korean actress. She debuted as a TV actress after she was recruited by KBS and she also teaches Theater and Film Studies at Chung-Ang University as a visiting professor since 2003. Bae married a pilot in 1994, but the couple divorced in 1996 and she has a daughter studying in the United States. Bae adheres to a pescatarian diet, *Note, the whole list is referenced. Bae Jong-ok Fan Cafe at Daum Bae Jong-ok at HanCinema Bae Jong-ok at the Korean Movie Database Bae Jong-ok at the Internet Movie Database
9.
Kim Young-ae
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Kim Young-ae is a South Korean actress. Kim Young-ae began her career when she joined MBCs 3rd Open Recruitment in 1971. She made her debut in the TV police procedural Chief Inspector and subsequently built a prolific career in film. As she grew older, Kim transitioned to television work. Among her notable television dramas are Queen Min, Ilchul, Magpie-in-law, The Brothers River, Waves, Go, Mom, hwang Jini, Royal Family, and Moon Embracing the Sun. In 2009, she drew praise for her portrayal of a terminally ill yet headstrong mother who has a relationship with her daughter in the dramedy film Aeja. Another notable role was as a Busan restaurant owner whose son is arrested and tortured during the 1980s in The Attorney, Kim later won Best Supporting Actress at the Grand Bell Awards and the Blue Dragon Film Awards for her performances. In 2006, Kim temporarily put her career on hold when she became the vice chairman of cosmetics firm Chamtowon. During the eight months after the broadcast, the company went virtually bankrupt, but Chamtowon wasnt able to recover from its financial losses, and the strain contributed to Kims divorce from her husband. Seven Brides Hug I Love You, Im Sorry White Nights 3
