1.
Roosevelt Road
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Roosevelt Road is a major east-west street in the city of Chicago, Illinois, and its western suburbs. It is 1200 South in the street numbering system. 12th Street was renamed to Roosevelt Road on May 25,1919, in recognition of President Theodore Roosevelt, who had died the previous January. In 1928 the new U. S. Route 330, a different alignment of US30, went down Roosevelt Road to Geneva, in 1972, after the route had been discontinued, Roosevelt Road outside Chicago became Illinois Route 38. In Grant Park, it is named Roosevelt Drive, the road begins at Lake Shore Drive and heads west, forming the southern boundary of the Chicago Loop. This area used to be and remains to a lesser extent, the famous Maxwell Street Market can be found just south of Roosevelt at Canal Street. Continuing west, it passes the University of Illinois at Chicagos two campuses and St. Ignatius College Preparatory School between Halsted Street and Damen Avenue and it also passes Douglas Park at California Avenue. Once past Mannheim Road it becomes Illinois Route 38, between Austin Blvd and Harlem Ave, a major streetscape renovation project is underway by the Town of Cicero, Village of Oak Park, and City of Berwyn. Roosevelt Road is served by the 12 Roosevelt bus route and this was an electric trolley bus line from May 1953 until January 1973. The Chicago L Roosevelt station is a stop and transfer point on the Red, Green, the former Roosevelt Road station on the Metra Electric Line has been replaced with the Museum Campus/11th Street station. Roads portal Media related to Roosevelt Road at Wikimedia Commons
2.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
3.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
4.
Central Station, Chicago
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Central Station is a neighborhood within the Near South Side, Chicago community area in Chicago, Illinois. At one point 69 acres, and later expanded to 72 acres and it encompasses the former rail yards and air space rights east of Indiana Avenue between Roosevelt Road and 18th Street. It also now encompasses the strip between Michigan and Indiana Avenues, the neighborhood is evolving according to a City of Chicago planned development. In 1994, Central Station started to take its shape with the construction of luxury townhomes. More recently, this lakefront neighborhood has experienced rapid construction of luxury townhomes, high-rise condominiums, apartments. Fogelson proposed a plan to overhaul the warehouse district with a residential district and has successfully acquired the property and subcontracted residential. Museum Park at Central Station is one of the largest of the subcontracted developments and it is a complex of multiple residential towers within the Central Station development at the southern edge of Grant Park, across Lake Shore Drive from Chicagos Museum Campus. It includes One Museum Park and One Museum Park West as well as Museum Park Place, Museum Park Club, Museum Park Towers I-IV, Museum Park Lofts I-II,1400 Museum Park, other developments in Central Station include Lakeside Tower at 1600 South Indiana. Among the earliest residents of the newly redeveloped Central Station was the now-former Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley, official City of Chicago Near South Side Community Map Prairie District Neighborhood Alliance Website
5.
Near South Side, Chicago
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The Near South Side is a community area of Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is located just south of the central business district, the Loop. The remaining area is undergoing a major residential and mixed-use redevelopment. The Near South Side is one of the most dynamic of Chicagos communities, the Near South Side was initially noted for wagon trails winding through a lightly populated bend of Lake Michigan. This area was first populated by working for the Illinois & Michigan Canal. Proximity to the railroads attracted light manufacturing and shops, in 1853, the community was absorbed by the extension of the city limits to 31st Street, in the same period, the Illinois Central Railroad was built into Chicago. In 1859, a South State Street horse-drawn streetcar line, linking the area to downtown, attracted wealthy families to the area. By the time of the Great Chicago Fire in 1871, it was home to some of the citys finest mansions and most elite social families, however, by the start of the 20th century, rapid transit evolved and many families moved slightly farther from the Loop business district. The railroads brought warehouses and light manufacturing, Michigan Avenue between 14th Street and 22nd Street became an auto row. The Levee vice district of brothels and gambling dens around Cermak Street, Burnham Park and several accompanying institutions were built in the 1910s and 1920s. World War I and post World War I Great Migration settlers moved in, urban renewal and public housing projects later replaced some of the slums. In the 1940s, some of the slums were on the Near South Side. The Century of Progress International Exposition was the name of the Worlds Fair held on the Near South Side lakefront from 1933 to 1934 to celebrate the citys centennial, the theme of the fair was technological innovation over the century since Chicagos founding. More than 40 million people visited the fair, which symbolized for many hope for Chicago, in 1977, George Halas surrendered 51 acres of railyards for redevelopment as Dearborn Park apartments, townhouses and accompanying tree-lined walkways. In 1988, the phase of Dearborn Park construction began between State St. and Clark St. south of Roosevelt Rd. A housing boom emerged in the 1990s and continues to the present day with the construction of new condominium. Construction of the Central Station development commenced in 1990 and this was a mixed-use development on 72 acres of former rail yards and air rights east of Indiana Avenue between Roosevelt Road and 18th Street. Among the prominent buildings are One Museum Park and One Museum Park West along a redeveloped Prairie Avenue, landfill use created Burnham Park and Northerly Island in the 1920s and 1930s along Lake Michigan
6.
Community areas in Chicago
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These areas are well-defined and static. Census data are tied to the community areas, and they serve as the basis for a variety of urban planning initiatives on both the local and regional levels, the Social Science Research Committee at University of Chicago defined seventy-five community areas during the late 1920s. At the time, these community areas corresponded roughly to neighborhoods or inter-related neighborhoods within the city, in the 1950s, with the citys annexations for OHare International Airport, a seventy-sixth community area was added. Community areas are distinct from neighborhoods in Chicago, community areas often encompass groups of neighborhoods. Although many community areas contain more than one neighborhood, they may share the same name, or parts of the name. The city center area covers a more than 4 square miles, lying roughly between Division Street on the north, Lake Michigan on the east, 26th Street on the south. This area is commercial hub. The three branches of the Chicago River meet in this area, the area known as the Loop is a section within downtown, surrounded by elevated tracks of the rapid transit network. Many of downtowns commercial, cultural, and financial institutions are located in the Loop, today, the Loop is also used to identify the larger downtown area. River North contains the Magnificent Mile, a concentration of high-end retail, the Chicago Bears play in Soldier Field on the Near South Side. The citys North Side district extends north of Central−Downtown Chicago, the West Side districts, and it is the most densely populated residential section of the city, and has a considerable middle and upper-class demographic. It contains sizable public parklands and miles of beaches along Lake Michigan to the northern limits. Residential highrises line the waterfront in the eastern North Side, the district includes Eastern European, Puerto Rican, and other ethnic enclaves. It is the home of the Chicago Cubs at Wrigley Field, the West Side is made up of neighborhoods such as Austin, Lawndale, Garfield Park, West Town, and Humboldt Park among others. Some neighborhoods, particularly Garfield Park and Lawndale, have had long-term socio-economic problems, other West Side neighborhoods, especially those closer to downtown, have been undergoing gentrification. The United Center, the home of the Chicago Bulls and Blackhawks, major parks on the West Side include Douglas, Garfield, and Humboldt Park. Garfield Park Conservatory houses one of the largest collections of plants of any U. S. city. Attractions on the West Side include the Puerto Rican Day festival, the National Museum of Mexican Art in Pilsen, the South Side is the largest section of the city, encompassing roughly 60% of the citys land area, and much was annexed in the late 19th century
7.
Grant Park (Chicago)
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Grant Park is a large urban park in the Loop community area of Chicago. Located in Chicagos central business district, the parks most notable features are Millennium Park, Buckingham Fountain, the Art Institute of Chicago, originally known as Lake Park, and dating from the citys founding, it was renamed in 1901 to honor Ulysses S. Grant. The parks area has expanded several times through land reclamation. It is bordered on the north by Randolph Street, on the south by Roosevelt Road and McFetridge Drive, on the west by Michigan Avenue, the park contains performance venues, gardens, art work, sporting, and harbor facilities. It hosts public gatherings, and several annual events. The park is often called Chicagos front yard and it is governed by the Chicago Park District. The original plans for the town of Chicago left the area east of Michigan Avenue unsubdivided and vacant, when the former Fort Dearborn Reserve became part of the townsite in 1839, the plan of the area east of Michigan Avenue south of Randolph was marked Public ground. Forever to remain vacant of buildings, the city officially designated the land as a park on April 29,1844, naming it Lake Park. When the Illinois Central Railroad was built into Chicago in 1852, the resulting lagoon became stagnant, and was largely filled in 1871 with debris from the Great Chicago Fire, increasing the parkland. In 1896, the city began extending the park into the lake with landfill, on October 9,1901, the park was renamed Grant Park in honor of American Civil War commanding General and United States President Ulysses S. Grant. At the 1868 Republican National Convention in Chicago, Grant had been nominated for his first presidential term, the legal restrictions prohibiting any buildings in the park were ignored in the 19th century, as various civic buildings were sited there. At various times, a post office, exposition center, armory, a 1904 plan prepared by the Olmsted Brothers recommended locating the Field Museum as the parks centerpiece, an idea integrated into Daniel Burnham and Edward H. Bennetts 1909 Plan of Chicago. Chicago businessman Aaron Montgomery Ward ultimately fought four court battles, opposed by nearly every civic leader, the one exception Ward consented to was for the Art Institute of Chicago, constructed in 1892. More landfill in the 1910s and 1920s provided sites for the Adler Planetarium, Field Museum of Natural History, and Shedd Aquarium, in 2004, a section of northern Grant Park, previously occupied by Illinois Central railyards and parking lots, was covered and redeveloped as Millennium Park. The park has been the site of large civic events. It served as the ground for the citys funeral procession for Abraham Lincoln. In 1911, the hosted the major Chicago International Aviation Meet. The park was the scene of clashes between Chicago Police and demonstrators during the 1968 Democratic National Convention, pope John Paul II celebrated an outdoor mass to a large crowd here in 1979
8.
Michigan Avenue (Chicago)
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Michigan Avenue is a major north-south street in Chicago which runs at 100 east on the Chicago grid. The northern end of the street is at Lake Shore Drive on the shore of Lake Michigan in the Gold Coast Historic District, the streets southern terminus is at Sibley Boulevard in the southern suburb of Harvey, though like many Chicago streets it exists in several disjointed segments. Michigan Avenue also is the commercial street of Streeterville. It includes all of the Historic Michigan Boulevard District and most of the Michigan–Wacker Historic District, the oldest section of Michigan Avenue is the portion that currently borders Grant Park in the Chicago Loop section of the city. The name came from Lake Michigan, which until 1871 was immediately east of Michigan Avenue, the street at that time ran north to the Chicago River and south to the city limits. Originally, Michigan Avenue was primarily residential, and by the 1860s, large homes, but in the 1900-1907 Ads for the Chicago Musical College, the address was referred to as 202 Michigan Boul. As recently as the 1920s, North Michigan Avenue was referred to as Upper Boul Mich, pariss Boulevard Saint-Michel is the original Boul Mich. In the Great Fire of 1871, all buildings on Michigan Avenue from Congress Street north to the river were destroyed. Beginning in the 1880s, the expansion of the business district replaced houses on Michigan Avenue so that today. The first city showcase on Michigan Avenue was the Exposition Building, which was built on the current site of the Art Institute, the east side of Michigan at Adams, in 1874. By the 1890s, a wall of buildings was constructed on the west side of Michigan Avenue downtown, including the Auditorium Building. As the east side of Michigan Avenue downtown was developed as a park, in 1924, the first traffic lights in Chicago were installed on Michigan Avenue after John D. Hertz fronted the city $34,000 for the purchase, installation, historically, Illinois Route 1 and U. S. Route 41 were routed on Michigan Avenue. Illinois Route 1 has been truncated to Chicagos south side and U. S. Route 41 is now routed on Lake Shore Drive, as early as 1891 plans were proposed to extend Michigan Avenue north across the river. When the Michigan Avenue Bridge was completed, Pine Street was renamed Michigan Avenue, at its north end it merges into Lake Shore Drive near the Drake Hotel. Today, the north of the Chicago River is referred to as the Magnificent Mile. It contains a mixture of upscale department stores, restaurants, high-end retailers, office buildings and hotels, and caters primarily to tourists, the area also has a high concentration of the citys advertising agencies and major media firms, including the Chicago Tribune. North of the center can be found the famous John Hancock Center, the art deco Palmolive Building
9.
Willis Tower
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The Willis Tower, built as and still commonly referred to as Sears Tower, is a 108-story,1, 450-foot skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The building is considered an achievement for its architect Fazlur Kahn. The Willis Tower is the second-tallest building in the United States, more than one million people visit its observation deck each year, making it one of Chicagos most popular tourist destinations. The structure was renamed in 2009 by the Willis Group as part of its lease on a portion of the towers space, the buildings official address is 233 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606. In 1969, Sears, Roebuck & Co. was the largest retailer in the world, Sears executives decided to consolidate the thousands of employees in offices distributed throughout the Chicago area into one building on the western edge of Chicagos Loop. Sears asked its counsel, Arnstein, Gluck, Weitzenfeld & Minow to suggest a location. This latter site was decided upon, and preliminary inquiries determined that the necessary permits could be obtained, the next step was to acquire the property, a team of attorneys from the Arnstein law firm, headed by Andrew Adsit, began buying the property parcel by parcel. Sears purchased 15 old buildings from 100 owners and paid $2.7 million to the City of Chicago for the portion of Quincy Street that divided the property. Their team of architect Bruce Graham and structural engineer Fazlur Rahman Khan designed the building as nine square tubes, all nine tubes would rise up to the 50th floor of the building. At the 50th floor, the northwest and southeast tubes end, at the 66th floor, the northeast and the southwest tubes end. At the 90th floor, the north, east, and south tubes end, the remaining west and center tubes continue up to the 108th floor. The Willis Tower was the first building to use Khans bundled tube structure and this innovative design was structurally efficient and economic, at 1,450 feet, it provided more space and rose higher than the Empire State Building, yet cost much less per unit area. This structural system would prove influential in skyscraper construction. It has been used in most supertall buildings since then, including the worlds tallest building, to honor Khans contributions, the Structural Engineers Association of Illinois commissioned a sculpture of him for the lobby of the Willis Tower. The latter floor areas had to be designed to a plate, with a high window-space to floor-space ratio, to be attractive. Smaller floorplates required a structure to yield sufficient square footage. The height was restricted by a limit imposed by the Federal Aviation Administration to protect air traffic, the financing of the tower was provided by the Sears company. It was topped with two antennas to permit local television and radio broadcasts, Sears and the City of Chicago approved the design, and the first steel was put in place in April 1971
10.
South Side, Chicago
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The South Side is part of the city of Chicago, Illinois. It is one of the three parts of the city, the others being the West Side and the North Side. Much of it evolved from the incorporation of independent townships. The citys sides have historically divided by the Chicago River. The South Side of Chicago was originally defined as all of the city south of the branch of the Chicago River. The South Side has an ethnic composition. It has great disparity in income and other demographic measures, although it has a reputation for being poor or crime-infested, the reality is more varied. The South Side ranges from affluent to middle class to working class to impoverished, the South Side is served by bus and L train via the Chicago Transit Authority and a number of Metra lines. It has several interstate and national highways, there is some debate as to the South Sides boundaries. The citys address numbering system uses a grid demarcating Madison Street as the East-West axis, Madison is in the middle of the Loop. As a result, much of the downtown Loop district is south of Madison Street, One definition has the South Side beginning at Roosevelt Road, at the Loops southern boundary, with the community area known as the Near South Side immediately adjacent. Lake Michigan and the Indiana state line provide eastern boundaries, the southern border changed over time because of Chicagos evolving city limits, the city limits are now at 138th Street. Using the Roosevelt Road boundary, the South Side is larger than the North, the exact boundaries dividing the Southwest, South and Southeast Sides vary by source. The differing interpretations of the boundary between the South and Southwest Sides are due to a lack of a natural or artificial boundary. One source states that the boundary is Western Avenue or the tracks adjacent to Western Avenue. This border extends south to a former railroad right of way paralleling Beverly Avenue. The Southwest Side of Chicago is a subsection of the South Side comprising mainly residential, predominantly white, architecturally, the Southwest Side is distinguished by the tract of Chicagos Bungalow Belt, which runs through it. With its factories, steel mills and meat-packing plants, the South Side saw a period of immigration which began around the 1840s
11.
One Museum Park
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One Museum Park is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States. It was designed by Chicago-based architecture firm Pappageorge Haymes, Ltd. and is located in the Near South Side community area. One Museum Park is the tallest building in the Central Station development, the tallest building on the side of Chicago. It is also the second tallest all-residential building in Chicago after the The Legacy at Millennium Park, Museum Park is a complex of multiple residential towers within the Central Station development at the southern edge of Grant Park, across Lake Shore Drive from Chicagos Museum Campus. Construction of One Museum Park was followed by the 54-story The Grant, directly to the west at the corner of Roosevelt Road, the building is zoned to schools in the Chicago Public Schools
12.
Booth School of Business
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The University of Chicago Booth School of Business is a graduate business school located in Chicago, Illinois, at the University of Chicago. The school was renamed in 2008 following a $300 million endowment gift to the school by alumnus David G. Booth, the school has the third-largest endowment of any business school. The school belongs to the M7 group of elite MBA programs which each other as peers, consisting of Harvard, Wharton, Stanford, Columbia, Chicago Booth, Kellogg. The schools campus is located in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago on the campus of the university. The school also maintains campuses in London and Asia, as well as in downtown Chicago on the Magnificent Mile. In addition to conducting graduate business programs, the school conducts research in the fields of finance, economics, quantitative marketing research, Chicago Booths MBA program is currently ranked first globally by the Economist. The program originally served as an undergraduate institution until 1916. In 1916, the school was renamed the School of Commerce, soon after in 1922, the first doctorate program was offered at the school. In 1932, the school was rechristened as the School of Business, the School of Business offered its first Master of Business Administration in 1935. A landmark decision was taken by the school at about time to concentrate its resources solely on graduate programs, and accordingly. In 1943, the school launched the first Executive MBA program, the school was renamed to Graduate School of Business in 1959, a name that it held till 2008. Students at the school founded the National Black MBA Association, Chicago Booth offers Full-time, Part-time and Executive MBA programs. The University is also a center for educating future academics, with graduate programs offering the A. M. This gives students the flexibility to construct a program of study that is tailored to their needs and this course focuses on the fundamental skills of leadership, motivating people, building relationships, and influencing outcomes. In Business Week Executive MBA Ranking 2011 the school ranked 1st, the school was ranked #1 by The Economist globally each year from 2012 to 2016. It was ranked #2 in Forbes magazines Best Business Schools rankings in 2013, U. S. News & World Report, in the 2017 Best Business Schools ranking, ranked Chicago Booth #2, while its executive MBA program ranked #2, and its part-time program ranked #2. The Booth school has 177 professors, and includes Nobel laureate Eugene Fama, presidential appointees, the Chicago Booth Alumni has a community of over 49,000 members and is supported by 60+ alumni clubs worldwide. Alumni include Satya Nadella, Jon Corzine, Peter G. Peterson, Philip J. Purcell, Said G. Daher, List of United States business school rankings List of business schools in the United States Official Site
13.
American City Business Journals
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American City Business Journals is an American newspaper chain based in Charlotte, North Carolina, owned by Advance Publications. It also controls the Street & Smiths Sports Group, which publishes motorsports periodicals, including SportsBusiness Journal, Sports Business Daily, five sports annuals, the company is the United States leading publisher of NASCAR magazines, which includes NASCAR Illustrated and Scenedaily. com. American City also publishes specialty publications, which include a business newspaper, a law journal. In 2009, ACBJ took over management of Portfolio. com, mike Russell founded American City Business Journals. The President and CEO of American City is Whitney Shaw, Shaw was previously senior vice president of ACBJ and president of its sports-publishing division. He succeeds his father, Ray Shaw, who was chairman, Ray Shaw, the companys chairman from 1989 until his 2009 death, bought a controlling interest along with a partner in 1989, selling to Advance Publications in 1995. It was Russell who suggested Shaw buy the company rather than just a few journals. Under Ray Shaws leadership, the company moved from Kansas City, Missouri, to Charlotte, North Carolina, and greatly increased the number of its publications. The site contains local news from around the nation, updated throughout the day. The Business Journals sites have more than four million visitors each month. The Business Journals Forty Under 40 is an annual list compiled and published by the Business Journal newspapers since 1992, the purpose is to list the 40 most successful entrepreneurs under the age of 40. The 40 are usually nominated from within individual areas in range of the local business journals publication, American City Business Journals corporate website The Business Journals The Business Journals mobile Street & Smiths SportsBusiness Journal Hemmings Motor News
14.
Crain's Chicago Business
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Crains Chicago Business is a weekly business newspaper in Chicago. It has a print circulation of 53,313 and a readership of 219,693 per week, ChicagoBusiness. com, the papers digital equivalent, draws over 1 million unique visitors per month and over 2.2 million page views per month. The first issue of Crains Chicago Business is dated April 17,1978, I figured if a business publication worked well in Houston, it would be twice as successful in Chicago, Rance Crain said. Rance Crain was the newspapers first editor-in-chief, while Art Mertz, Rance tapped Steve Yahn, a senior editor at Advertising Age, to develop the prototype, do the initial hiring, and get the paper going, effectively acting as the papers first editor. We wanted to call it Chicago Business, but another guy came out with a paper with a similar name, I told Rance he ought to put the Crain name on our publication to differentiate them, and he did. To promote the new paper, Rance handed out free issues to commuters at Union Station during the rush hour. “While I was passing out copies, a vendor in the station came up to me. “He said, ‘I sure hope you don’t have much of your own money tied up in this, because it’s not going to work. ’” The Chicago business community also greeted the new journal with cynicism. “We would be working on stories and call sources, saying we were with Crain’s Chicago Business, ” said Sandy Pesmen, feature editor at Crains, the people who make the toilets. ’ Some thought we were the plumbing manufacturer. Pretty soon, we were introducing ourselves by saying, “Hello, “The first major sign of encouragement we got was for our lively, contemporary look, ” Steve Yahn said. “A lot of people said it looked as much like a book about the city as a financial publication. And that was exactly the intent — Crains was meant to be a ‘hybrid’ between a city publication and a financial publication. ”From the start, it strove to build its reputation with enterprise reporting, “Rance loves scoops, ” former Crains editor Dan Miller said. “And the ‘scoops mentality’ became immediately ingrained in the culture of the new reporters we brought in. ”However, in late July, Crains learned through sources in the Chicago advertising community that Sears, Roebuck & Co. planned to drastically curtail its advertising. The banner story on August 7, with the headline “Sears slashes TV, print ad budgets, the giant retailer angrily denied the report. “They called it preposterous, ” Yahn said, “As a result, we suffered credibility problems around town. From early August until mid-October, we kept trying to find a way to get it back. ”Then came the break that stunningly and permanently reversed Crains fortunes, “A young Sears public relations man named Wiley Brooks came to see Rance on a job interview, ” Yahn said. “He wanted to be CCB managing editor. Brooks told Rance that our earlier article about Searss ad cuts was true, that he had the proof, “Each one cost Crain’s a lunch at Nick’s Fishmarket, ” Yahn said
15.
Chicago Tribune
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The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by tronc, Inc. formerly Tribune Publishing. The Tribune was founded by James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, forrest, publishing its first edition on June 10,1847. The paper saw numerous changes in ownership and editorship over the eight years. Initially, the Tribune was not politically affiliated but tended to either the Whig or Free Soil parties against the Democrats in elections. By late 1853, it was frequently running xenophobic editorials that criticized foreigners, about this time it also became a strong proponent of temperance. Ray became editor-in-chief, Medill became the editor, and Alfred Cowles, Sr. brother of Edwin Cowles. Each purchased one third of the Tribune, under their leadership the Tribune distanced itself from the Know Nothings and became the main Chicago organ of the Republican Party. However, the continued to print anti-Catholic and anti-Irish editorials. Between 1858 and 1860, the paper was known as the Chicago Press & Tribune, on October 25,1860, it became the Chicago Daily Tribune. Before and during the American Civil War, the new editors pushed an abolitionist agenda and strongly supported Abraham Lincoln, the paper remained a force in Republican politics for years afterwards. In 1861, the Tribune published new lyrics for the song John Browns Body by William W. Patton, Medill served as mayor of Chicago for one term after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Under the 20th-century editorship of Colonel Robert R. Joseph McCarthy, when McCormick assumed the position of co-editor in 1910, the Tribune was the third-best-selling paper among Chicagos eight dailies, with a circulation of only 188,000. At the same time, the Tribune competed with the Hearst paper, by 1914, the cousins succeeded in forcing out Managing Editor William Keeley. By 1918, the Examiner was forced to merge with the Chicago Herald, in 1919, Patterson left the Tribune and moved to New York to launch his own newspaper, the New York Daily News. In a renewed war with Hearsts Herald-Examiner, McCormick and Hearst ran rival lotteries in 1922. The Tribune won the battle, adding 250,000 readers to its ranks, also in 1922, the Chicago Tribune hosted an international design competition for its new headquarters, the Tribune Tower. The competition worked brilliantly as a publicity stunt, and more than 260 entries were received, the winner was a neo-Gothic design by New York architects John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood. The newspaper sponsored an attempt at Arctic aviation in 1929
16.
Emporis
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Emporis GmbH is a real estate data mining company with headquarters in Hamburg, Germany. The company collects and publishes data and photographs of buildings worldwide, Emporis offers a variety of information on its public database, Emporis. com, located at www. emporis. com. Emporis is frequently cited by media sources as an authority on building data. Emporis previously focused exclusively on high-rise buildings and skyscrapers, which it defines as buildings between 35 and 100 metres tall and at least 100 metres tall, respectively, today, the database has expanded to include low-rise buildings and other structures. Michael Wutzke started a website about skyscrapers in Frankfurt in 1996, in 2000 he started skyscrapers. com which was folded into Emporis in 2003. In 2004, Stephan R. Boehm assumed the role of Chairman, Wutzke was Chief Technology Officer and managing director until 2010, when he left the company. In 2007 venture capital firm Neuhaus Partners and KfW Bankengruppe invested several million Euro in the company, effective January 1,2009, the company moved its headquarters from Darmstadt to Frankfurt. In 2011, the company moved from Frankfurt to Hamburg, in 2000 a group of Emporis senior editors began presenting the Emporis Skyscraper Award. Eligible buildings are selected from a list of all buildings in the world at least 100 meters tall which were completed that year
17.
Skyscraper
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A skyscraper is a tall, continuously habitable building having multiple floors. When the term was used in the 1880s it described a building of 10 to 20 floors. Mostly designed for office, commercial and residential uses, a skyscraper can also be called a high-rise, for buildings above a height of 300 m, the term supertall can be used, while skyscrapers reaching beyond 600 m are classified as megatall. One common feature of skyscrapers is having a steel framework that supports curtain walls and these curtain walls either bear on the framework below or are suspended from the framework above, rather than resting on load-bearing walls of conventional construction. Some early skyscrapers have a frame that enables the construction of load-bearing walls taller than of those made of reinforced concrete. Modern skyscrapers walls are not load-bearing, and most skyscrapers are characterized by surface areas of windows made possible by steel frames. However, skyscrapers can have curtain walls that mimic conventional walls with a surface area of windows. Modern skyscrapers often have a structure, and are designed to act like a hollow cylinder to resist wind, seismic. To appear more slender, allow less wind exposure, and transmit more daylight to the ground, many skyscrapers have a design with setbacks, a relatively big building may be considered a skyscraper if it protrudes well above its built environment and changes the overall skyline. The maximum height of structures has progressed historically with building methods and technologies, the Burj Khalifa is currently the tallest building in the world. High-rise buildings are considered shorter than skyscrapers, the first steel-frame skyscraper was the Home Insurance Building in Chicago, Illinois in 1885. Even the scholars making the argument find it to be purely academic and this definition was based on the steel skeleton—as opposed to constructions of load-bearing masonry, which passed their practical limit in 1891 with Chicagos Monadnock Building. What is the characteristic of the tall office building. The force and power of altitude must be in it, the glory and it must be every inch a proud and soaring thing, rising in sheer exaltation that from bottom to top it is a unit without a single dissenting line. Some structural engineers define a highrise as any vertical construction for which wind is a significant load factor than earthquake or weight. Note that this criterion fits not only high-rises but some other tall structures, the word skyscraper often carries a connotation of pride and achievement. A loose convention of some in the United States and Europe draws the limit of a skyscraper at 150 m or 490 ft. The tallest building in ancient times was the 146 m Great Pyramid of Giza in ancient Egypt and it was not surpassed in height for thousands of years, the 14th century AD Lincoln Cathedral being conjectured by many to have exceeded it
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Wolf Point South Tower
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Wolf Point South Tower is the tallest of three planned buildings to be developed in the Near North Side community area on the Wolf Point property at a fork in the Chicago River in downtown Chicago. The building is planned to be 950 feet tall, on January 26,2012, the Chicago Sun-Times broke the story that the Kennedy family was planning a three-tower development at Wolf Point. The South Tower would be the tallest of these buildings, the property upon which the development was planned is historic and drew scrutiny by critics. Chicago Tribune Pulitzer Prize-winning architecture critic Blair Kamin felt that the plans presented by Christopher G. Kennedy needed some work. On October 30,2012, a plan was presented that included more open space. In November the responses to the revisions were negative, and Reilly withdrew the proposal on November 27. The Chicago Plan Commission approved the plans for the entire three-tower development that included 1,410 residential units,450 hotel rooms and 1,285 parking stalls on January 24,2013, in May 2013, opponents of the planned development filed suit in United States Federal Court. On November 19,2013, U. S. District Judge Amy J. St, the Wolf Point Towers broke ground in March 2014. Neighboring Wolf Point West Tower had its groundbreaking ceremony on July 18,2014, the building opened for residence on January 13,2016. In July 2015, a rumor emerged that the South Tower might exceed 1,000 feet based on revised renderings, however, October 2016 plans showed the building had been scaled back to 950 feet. List of tallest buildings in Chicago List of tallest buildings in the United States Official Wolf Point website Wolf Point South Tower at Emporis. com Friends of Wolf Point Website Developer website
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Chicago Spire
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The Chicago Spire was a supertall skyscraper project at 400 N. Lake Shore Drive in Chicago, Illinois that failed financially after beginning construction, when originally proposed as the Fordham Spire in July 2005, the design had 116 stories and would have included a hotel and condominiums and been topped with a broadcast antenna mast. The design was by Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava, and Chicago developer Christopher T. Carley of the Fordham Company was spearheading the project, on 16 March 2006, the initial design of the building passed unanimously during that days meeting of the Chicago Plan Commission. The building was proposed as the Fordham Spire in July 2005. It was to have had 116 stories and to include a hotel and condominiums, on March 29,2006, the Chicago city council also approved that design. As part of the process, the council passed a measure that raised the height limit on structures at the site to accommodate the 2. It would have become the second tallest building in the entire world and it would have also surpassed the CN Tower to become the tallest freestanding structure and the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere. The building was designed by Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava and was being developed by St Patricks Athletic owner Garrett Kelleher of Shelbourne Development Group, Chicago Mayor Daley said he approved of the design, stating that it was environmentally friendly. Burton F. Natarus, who was the 42nd-ward alderman when the building was announced, said and this building belongs to Chicago and should be in Chicago. Some opposition from neighborhood residents originated from concerns with increased congestion, donald Trump immediately voiced opposition to the building, stating that the tall structure would be a target for terrorists and did not even seem to be a viable project. The opposing comment by Trump was made while he himself was developing a supertall tower in Chicago, trumps tower completed construction in January 2009, just a few blocks west of the Chicago Spire site. After several months of development in 2005, Carley failed to obtain sufficient financing for the construction of the building, Irish developer Garrett Kelleher, executive chairman of Shelbourne Development Group, Inc. acquired the land and took over the project. It was announced that he would put up 100% of the equity and he also had financial backing to acquire the land, something Carley lacked. Kelleher stated he would consider using Carleys services on the development, Kelleher later renamed the project Chicago Spire after shortly going by 400 North Lake Shore Drive, as it was no longer a Fordham project. In the final quarter of 2006, Shelbourne Development issued two press releases regarding the construction and design of the spire. A November 2006 press release stated that construction of the Chicago Spire would begin in June 2007, in early December 2006, Shelbourne Development issued another press release stating that the design of the building had been revised. This included the removal of the hotel and the antenna mast, the design change altered the twist to be consolidated towards the base of the building, which was also wider than the original plan. Additionally, the no longer tapered at the top, resulting in an increase in floor space
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Old Chicago Main Post Office
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The Old Chicago Main Post Office is a nine-story-tall building in downtown Chicago. The original building was designed by Graham, Anderson, Probst & White and built in 1921 and its capacity was needed to serve Chicagos great volume of postal business, swollen by the mail-order businesses of Montgomery Ward and of Sears. On May 13,2016 the building was sold by English real estate developer Bill Davies, the original 1922 structure was a brick-sided mail terminal building, sited just east of the main building that spans the Eisenhower Expressway as it turns into Congress Parkway. Major expansion in 1932 added a total of nine floors for more than 60 acres, or 2.5 million square feet, competitors Montgomery Ward and Sears combined to make Chicago the nations mail-order capital. In 1966 the Main Chicago Post Office came to a halt when a logjam of 10 million pieces of mail clogged the system for nearly a week, with Chicago rated worst in postal deliveries, a new Main Post Office was proposed for right across Harrison Street. In 1997, the old building was vacated in favor of the new, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. A February 2006 report by the General Accounting Office stated that it cost the government $2 million a year to maintain the retired building, on June 9,2009, the Chicago Sun-Times reported that the postal service was placing the post office on the auction block. Held on August 27 and conducted by Rick Levin & Associates Inc. the auction raised $40 million, the buyer was reported to be English real estate developer Bill Davies. While Davies missed an October 10,2009 deadline to close the deal, he acquired the building on October 21,2009. It would also have included two 60-story residential towers as well as a 40-story hotel, all the buildings in the development were to be connected via a ground-level complex that would have been built over the Chicago River and the Eisenhower Expressway. More specifically, it was one year and nine months after acquiring the post office property from the Postal Service when. The proposal, which involved three other properties besides the 14-story Post Office, was broken down into three-phases pending the required $3. Phase 2, Building a 60-story hotel west of the Post Office and a 120-story,2,000 ft office, hotel, and residential tower that would be the tallest in North America. Phase 3, Two residential towers built on the east side of the Chicago River diagonally southeast from the proposed 120-story skyscraper plus a 12,000 space parking garage. The whole $3.5 billion plan was submitted to the Chicago City Council, only funding for Phase 1 has been secured as of July 21,2011. The proposal was sent to the Chicago City Commission in July 2011 for approval, the project had an estimated cost of $3.5 billion and the potential to create 12,000 jobs. Some critics opposed the proposal, calling it old-fashioned and suburban, the city voted and approved the plan July 18,2013. In spring of 2013, Antunovich Associates, who purchased the three years ago, created a new proposal on the site featuring a 1000-foot skyscraper
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Old Chicago Main Post Office Twin Towers
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The 120-story twin towers are a building with twin peaks planned to reach a height of 2,000 feet. If built according to plan, the building would have been the tallest in the United States, in 2009, British real estate developer Bill Davies bought Chicagos Old Main Post Office for $24 million and in March 2011, he bought an adjacent property for $14 million. On July 21,2011, Davies announced his plans for the Twin Towers within the Old Chicago Main Post Office Redevelopment, Davies plans were filed by his company, International Property Developers. A previous 2, 000-foot building plan for the Chicago Spire stalled during the Great Recession, the plan was approved on July 18,2013. If built as planned, the 2, 000-foot building, which was intended as the second of three phases of the project, would have been the tallest in North America. The building was intended to support revenue-generating communications antennas and to host commercial, hotel. According to the New York Times, critics of the project noted potential problems with the towers proximity to the extant Sears Tower. For example, the heights of the accommodations in the planned building would have placed residents within the radiation impact zone from the antennas atop the Sears Tower. Also, there was a claim that the air surrounding the two buildings would create a vacuum. In October 2014, Davies joint venture for redevelopment with Sterling Bay Cos. was dissolved, in December 2014, Davies canceled the project and put the post office building up for sale
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Waldorf-Astoria Hotel and Residence Tower
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Waldorf-Astoria Hotel and Residence Tower Chicago, is a cancelled hotel and condominium skyscraper that would have been 1,265 feet tall. The Prime Group was in charge of the project which was proposed at a cost of $610 million, the building would have been located one block from the Chicago River, and north of the Sheraton Chicago in the Streeterville neighborhood of the Near North Side community area of Chicago. The buildings developers, the Fordham Company, were the developers of the now-cancelled Chicago Spire. The building would have been the third tallest building in Chicago since only the Willis Tower and Trump International Hotel and it would have been among the tallest buildings in the world, since 25 buildings in the world currently exceed 1,200 feet. Early in 2012 the approval process began for a much smaller tower on the site. Within this plan, other Waldorf-Astorias are planned or under construction in Beverly Hills, California, Orlando, Florida and Montreal and this management agreement is currently a verbal commitment. The plans included a 325-room hotel and 300 luxury condominiums, the building, which would have been 107 stories, was designed to salute the Chicago Spire, but not imitate it. It had a square base and taper to a scalpel shaped top. The plan was to aim for a construction period starting in 2009 with sales targeted at $800/square foot instead of the $1200 range that the Spire had targeted. The Chicago Plan Commission endorsed the plans for the building on June 19,2008 and it still faces several hurdles including approval by the full city council and finding suitable financial backing. There are also plans for a nearby 48-story rental building on the same 2. 2-acre block, the building was planned to be shown to the Streeterville Organization of Active Residents, the Streeterville areas leading civic group during the first week of October. Reschkes Prime Group is developing other properties in Chicago including 10 E. Delaware Place
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29 South LaSalle
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29 South LaSalle is a proposed 51 story skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois, designed by Lucien Lagrange Architects. It would stand at 870 feet and this project would include a renovation, and facadectomy of the adjacent New York Life Insurance Building. 29 S. LaSalle was at one time the site of the Equitable building, formerly known as the National Life building and it is 12 stories and one basement high, on spread foundations. Jennie and Mundie were the architects, in 1940 a new street facade and other major alterations were made by Holabird & Root Architects. The entrance to the building can be identified in the movie The Dark Knight during an action scene where Batman flips his motorcycle in front of the buildings address
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InterContinental Chicago Magnificent Mile
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InterContinental Chicago Magnificent Mile is a hotel in Chicago, United States. The hotel currently occupies two multi-story buildings, the historic tower, or South Tower, is a 471-foot, 42-story building which was completed in 1929 originally as the home of the Medinah Athletic Club. The new tower, or North Tower is a 295-foot, 28-story addition, InterContinental Chicago Magnificent Mile is a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Before the stock market crash of 1929, the United States was experiencing a building boom, one of these projects was the future home of the Medinah Athletic Club in Chicago, commissioned by the Shriners Organization and designed by architect named Walter W. Ahlschlager. The plan was for there to be 3500 members, all of whom had to be a Shriner, at the time of the announcement in 1925,1000 Shriners had taken out founder memberships for the club. The ceremony to lay the cornerstone of the Medinah Athletic Club was held on November 5,1928, and to commemorate the occasion, a copper time capsule was placed within the cornerstone. Construction of the buildings 42 floors and 440 guest rooms was completed in 1929, the Medinah Athletic Club building was intended to combine elements of many architectural styles. At the eighth floor, its Indiana limestone facade was decorated by three large relief carvings in ancient Assyrian style. Each frieze depicted a different scene in the order of constructing a building, with Contribution on the wall, Wisdom represented on the west wall. The figures in all three scenes are said to be modeled after the faces of members at the time of its design. Three Sumerian warriors were also carved into the facade at the setback, directly above the Michigan Avenue entrance. Extending the Moorish imagery, the building is topped by a gold-painted dome, at the time, the pool was one of the highest indoor pools in the world, and its fourteenth-floor location was heralded as a grand feat of engineering. Today it is referred to as the Johnny Weissmuller pool, after the famous Olympic athlete. The rows of seats which remain on its western wall recall the days when swimming was a spectator sport. Its blue Spanish majolica tiles and terra-cotta fountain of Neptune on its east wall remain virtually unchanged today, the elegant Grand Ballroom, a two-story, 100-foot elliptical space, was decorated with ornaments in Egyptian, Assyrian, and Greek styles and was surrounded by a horseshoe-shaped mezzanine. In its center hung a 12, 000-pound Baccarat crystal chandelier, at this mens club, facilities for women were considerably less grand. They were allowed only in designated areas, and were provided an entrance and elevator to visit the Grand Ballroom for social gatherings or to access the Women’s Plunge, Lounge. Female guests also had access to an outdoor loggia overlooking Michigan Avenue, four years after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 the Shrine Organization filed for bankruptcy protection
