Nappanee, Indiana

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Nappanee, Indiana
City
City of Nappanee
Downtown Nappanee
Location of Nappanee in Elkhart County and Kosciusko County, Indiana.
Coordinates: 41°26′39″N 85°59′58″W / 41.44417°N 85.99944°W / 41.44417; -85.99944Coordinates: 41°26′39″N 85°59′58″W / 41.44417°N 85.99944°W / 41.44417; -85.99944
Country	United States
State	Indiana
Counties	Elkhart, Kosciusko
Government
• Mayor	Phil Jenkins (R)
Area[1]
• Total	4.42 sq mi (11.46 km2)
• Land	4.42 sq mi (11.46 km2)
• Water	0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)  0%
Elevation[2]	876 ft (267 m)
Population (2010)[3]
• Total	6,648
• Estimate (2016)[4]	6,780
• Density	1,532.55/sq mi (591.74/km2)
Time zone	UTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code	46550
Area code(s)	574
FIPS code	18-52020[5]
GNIS feature ID	439936
Website	http://www.nappanee.org/

Nappanee is a city in Elkhart and Kosciusko counties in the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 6,648 at the 2010 census. The name Nappanee probably means "flour."^[6] Nappanee holds the distinction of having the longest city name in the United States containing each letter in its name twice.^[7] The town has several tourist attractions: Amish Acres, Nappanee Raceway, The Arts & Crafts Festival, and the Apple Festival.

History[edit]

Nappanee is now surrounded by fertile farmland as the headwaters of the Wabash River in northern Indiana, but initially was one of the least desirable areas of what became Elkhart County, Indiana, due to dense woods and widespread swamps, particularly tamarack marshes. Actually, it drains into two watersheds--precipitation south of what became Market Street drains into the Wabash River, thence to the Ohio River, Mississippi River and ultimately the Gulf of Mexico. Precipitation north of Market Street drains into the Great Lakes, and ultimately the St. Lawrence River and the Atlantic Ocean.^[8]

Several hundred years ago the Mound Builders built north of the marshes. Pottawatomi arrived in the area from near Green Bay, Wisconsin in the 1700s, partially displacing Miami inhabitants. The Pottawattomis had settlements on the Elkhart River at Elkhart, Goshen and Waterford, and at Monoquet between Leesburg and Warsaw in what became Kosciusko County, Indiana. Thus, the Plymouth-Goshen Road through Nappannee probably follows the course of an old Indian Trail.^[9] The first white settlers came to the area In 1830, as various treaties and what Pottawatomi call the "Trail of Death" led to relocation of native Americans.

Railroad town[edit]

By 1870, seven farms had been established and forty white people were settled around Nappanee. Locke Township had been founded in 1836 and named after Samuel Lockwood, and by 1863 a settlement called Wisler Town existed, but the actual platting of the village of Locke Town about six miles from Nappannee occurred in December 1867. It would receive its last addition in 1874, the year that Nappanee was platted (on December 12, 1874).^[10]

The B&O Railroad sought a route westward from Sandusky, Ohio to the booming inland port of Chicago, Illinois in 1872. While the land around what became Nappanee and nearby Bremen was flat, permitting a straight crossing from Walkerton, it was also marshy, which led to engineering challenges. The section through Nappanee was finally completed as a single track in the late summer of 1874, and replaced by steel rails in 1882. Farmers sold the railroad land so that its tracks would run right next to Nappanee on its route to Chicago, although the railroad was unable to acquire the five acres needed to build a side track to the existing town of Locke. Nonetheless, on December 6, 1874, about three weeks after the railroad reached the outskirts of Chicago, it commenced service to what it first called Locke's Station. By the month's end, Daniel Metzler, Henry Stahly and John Culp Jr. had platted the town of Nappannee; Culp gave the railroad three acres for a station and Metzler two acres. By 1875, trains arrived almost daily to the new depot and discharged freight and passengers. ^[11] The Eby brothers of Locke said they suggested the name because they came from Napanee, Ontario; one of the Metzlers said their father selected the name in part because of its native american connotations.^[12] Over time the B&O Railroad eventually became CSX.

Development[edit]

The town's first industry was a sawmill, and later box-making, charcoal and furniture businesses developed. The first brick yard (using local resources) was established before 1879. The first canning company was established in 1894, and a hemp factory was built by 1913 but never reached full capacity and was burned down in 1920 and not rebuilt. Mobile home construction had started in Elkhart and Goshen by World War II, and Walco and Franklin Coach Company were built in Nappanee after the war. Once land was cleared, corn and wheat were planted, and agriculture has long been important in the area. By the early 20th century, onions had become a major crop (including an autumn festival), and other farmer-entrepreneurs grew hemp and spearmint and peppermint.^[13]

Nappanee was governed as a township from 1874 until 1889, when it incorporated as a town (then electing a town marshall and establishing a fire company and soon a waterworks). The town library was started as a ladies' subscription service in 1895, and became a public library in 1925 after sufficient building funds were amassed to purchase an existing house, although a dedicated building wasn't opened until 1937.^[14] Some tried to establish a college in Nappanee in 1895, but unlike various fellowships and fraternal and literary societies, the proposal never was implemented. In 1925 Nappannee incorporated as a city.^[15] Early in the 20th century, various Nappannee natives became noted cartoonists, including Merrill Blosser, Max Gwin, Bill Holman, Fred Neher and Henry Maust, and political cartoonist Francis (Mike) Parks was educated in Nappanee before working for New York, Omaha and San Francisco newspapers.^[16] A marker outside the public library notes Nappanee's cartooning history.^[17][18] The Frank and Katharine Coppes House, Downtown Nappanee Historic District, Arthur Miller House, Nappanee Eastside Historic District, Nappanee West Park and Pavilion, and Stahly-Nissley-Kuhns Farm are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.^[19]

A tornado touched down in Nappanee around 10:30 pm on 18 October 2007, injuring at least five people and damaging 200 to 250 buildings, half of them severely. The tornado was classified as an EF3. The damage included three recreational vehicles factories that are among the community's largest employers: Fairmont Homes, Franklin Coach, and Gulf Stream Coach.^[20]

Amish migration to Nappanee[edit]

The Mennonite sect was formed in the early 16th century as part of the Radical Reformation in Germany and Switzerland. As a more radical branch of the wider Protestant Reformation against Catholic practices, the Mennonites were vigorously persecuted by religious authorities. During the latter part of the 17th century a group from the Mennonites led by Jakob Ammann separated to form the Amish group which was named after its leader. During the 1700s, the Amish were attracted to the promise of religious freedom in the British colonies in North America; they settled in Pennsylvania. Amish then migrated to Middlebury in 1841 from Pennsylvania. Nappanee's Amish originate from the early Amish immigrants from southwest Germany to Pennsylvania in the 1700s.^[21]

Old order Amish families first arrived in southwest Elkhart County in the early 1840s, and various other religious conservative denominations followed them. The first Mennonite Church in the area was founded in 1854, but members worshiped in homes, then built a schoolhouse in 1867 and also used it for services for several years (as did other denominations with their permission). The first permanent building was erected in 1878, two years after the United Brethren Church moved from the schoolhouse into its own building (only to sell it and build a new building in 1888 and remodel it in 1928).^[22] Nappanee is still surrounded by family farms of Anabaptists, including Amish, Mennonite, and the (Schwarzenau) Brethren.^[23]

Geography[edit]

According to the 2010 census, the city has a total area of 4.15 square miles (10.7 km²), all land.^[24]

Government[edit]

Mayor

Phil Jenkins

Clerk-Treasurer

Kathy Brown, Oversees city finances, including accounts payable, budget, and investments. Primary record-keeper for the city government.

Council

At Large

Jacob Dermott

District 1

Todd Nunemaker

District 2

Kim Ingle

District 3

Sam Beachy

District 4

Dana Hollar

City Court Judge

Christopher Walter

Service to the City, 2010–present

Judge (appointed by Gov. Mitch Daniels). Presides over city court and issues sentences and fines for infractions or misdemeanors^[25]

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1880	547		—
1890	1,493		172.9%
1900	2,208		47.9%
1910	2,260		2.4%
1920	2,678		18.5%
1930	2,957		10.4%
1940	3,028		2.4%
1950	3,393		12.1%
1960	3,895		14.8%
1970	4,159		6.8%
1980	4,694		12.9%
1990	5,510		17.4%
2000	6,710		21.8%
2010	6,648		−0.9%
Est. 2017	6,839	[4]	2.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[26]

2010 census[edit]

As of the census^[3] of 2010, there were 6,648 people, 2,545 households, and 1,792 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,601.9 inhabitants per square mile (618.5/km²). There were 2,852 housing units at an average density of 687.2 per square mile (265.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 94.8% White, 0.7% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.4% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.2% of the population.

There were 2,545 households of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.6% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.09.

The median age in the city was 34.8 years. 27.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.6% were from 25 to 44; 23.4% were from 45 to 64; and 12.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.

2000 census[edit]

As of the census^[5] of 2000, there were 6,710 people, 2,521 households, and 1,792 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,818.9 people per square mile (702.1/km²). There were 2,647 housing units at an average density of 717.5 per square mile (277.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.48% White, 0.28% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 2.52% from other races, and 1.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.98% of the population.

There were 2,521 households out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.1% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the city the population was spread out with 29.7% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 17.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $45,988, and the median income for a family was $53,329. Males had a median income of $36,200 versus $21,733 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,229. About 4.5% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.9% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.

Amish community[edit]

There is a large Amish community founded in 1842, centered around the Nappanee. It is the sixth largest of all Amish settlements with 5,910 people (in 43 congregations) in 2017.^[27]

Education[edit]

Wa-nee is the combination of Wakarusa, a neighboring town, and Nappanee area schools. Over 375 teachers and staff are employed with Wa-nee Community Schools. Throughout the state, Wa-nee is known for its strong academic, extracurricular, and athletic programs.

• NorthWood High School-Recently given the Indiana Chamber of Commerce “Best Buy Schools” distinction for quality education with conscientious use of taxpayer dollars.
• NorthWood Middle School and Wakarusa Elementary-are also part of the Wa-nee Community Schools, but are located in Wakarusa.
• Nappanee Elementary-Located within Nappanee
• Woodview Elementary-A mirror image to Wakarusa Elementary structurally. Sits on the outskirts of Nappanee.^[28]

The town has a free lending library, the Nappanee Public Library.^[29]

Transportation[edit]

Until train service ceased on March 7, 2005, Nappanee was a stop on Amtrak's Three Rivers train with service to Chicago and New York.

Tourist attractions[edit]

Amish Acres[edit]

Amish Acres was founded by Richard Pletcher. It is a historic farm and heritage resort which embodies a preserved barn and Amish house that help to "Embrace the Pace" as Nappanee's slogan implies. Amish Acres celebrates the Amish and shows features of their lifestyle. Amish Acre's original preserved Round Barn was relocated to it current location, and within it was constructed a theater in order to present shows. As well as see plays at Amish Acres, tourist can experience authentic Amish style cooking. Amish Acres offers other activities such as tours of an Amish house and a horse-drawn carriage ride. Amish Acres is home to Nappanee's Arts and Crafts Festival.^[30]

Festivals[edit]

The Nappanee Apple Festival[edit]

The Nappanee Apple Festival is held annually on the third week of September, lasting 3½ days. It consists of 100 craft booths, 50 commercial booths, 20 food vendors, two stages for entertainment, a large parade and an airplane flyover on Saturday morning. Nappanee annually bakes a seven-foot-wide apple pie that weighs 600 pounds. Every year an Apple Blossom Queen is chosen from NorthWood High School. The Nappanee Apple Festival attracted over 76,000 people in 2011 and is one of the largest festivals in the State of Indiana. Over 200 people from Nappanee volunteer to help with the Apple Festival each year. Other events include an apple peeling contest, 5K road run, half marathon, apple pie eating and apple peeling contests, goldfish races, wings & wheels show (cars and airplanes), tractor pull, farm tractor and antique farm equipment show, apple baking contest, kids and adult pedal pull contests, talent show, and a scholarship pageant.^[31]

Amish Acres Arts & Crafts Festival[edit]

Richard Pletcher, founder of the festival and Amish Acres, remains CEO and Jennifer Pletcher Wysong is the festival director. The festival and marketplace takes place around Amish Acre's pond. Amish Acres has received many awards, making its way onto The American Bus Association's list of TOP 100 Events in North America in 2012. This achievement was awarded four times in seven years. Readers of Sunshine Artist magazine rank the Art and Crafts Festival as the third-best Classic and Contemporary Craft Show in America. The Art festival was also listed at the number one in the category of "best attractions for group travel in Indiana" in Travel Trade Magazine. Senior Group Traveler selected the Arts and Craft Festival as one of only seventy "Editor's Choice of Outstanding Festivals and Major Events"; the Art and Craft Festival being the only one chosen from Indiana. Amish Acre's Art and Craft Festival attracts people from areas as far as Chicago, Indianapolis, Toledo, and Detroit. Amish Acre's grounds can only support up to 300 booths which consist of 250 different cities from 30 states.^[32]

Notable people[edit]

• Vance George, conductor of the San Francisco Symphony Chorus from 1982-2006.
• Rob Rensberger (1921–2007), a professional basketball player for the Chicago Stags.
• Merrill Blosser (Freckles and His Friends)
• Bill Holman (Smokey Stover)
• Fred Neher (Life’s Like That)
• David Crane (programmer), creator of Pitfall! and co-founder of Activision

Twin city[edit]

• Greater Napanee, Ontario

References[edit]

Sources[edit]

• They Called It Nappanee: A History 1874-1974 by James L Weygand. (Nappanee, Indiana, 1974)

External links[edit]

• City of Nappanee, Indiana website
• Amish Acres Historic Farm and Heritage Resort - Listed in the National Register of Historic Places
• Nappanee Missionary Church - Largest church in the area
• Nappanee Amish community