Naraka is a term in Buddhist cosmology usually referred to in English as "hell" or "purgatory". Another term used for the concept of hell in earlier writings is niraya. In Cambodia, Naraka was part of
Naraka in Burmese art
A hell warden sawing a hell inhabitant into pieces
Blood Pond of Hell in the Exhibition of the Eighteen Hells in the Mantontaichienfu (麻豆代天府 十八層地獄)
A scene of punishment with boiling, at a hell scenery in Wat Muang, Thailand
The Six Paths in Buddhist cosmology are the six worlds where sentient beings are reincarnated based on their karma, which is linked to their actions in previous lives. These paths are depicted in the
Naraka (Buddhism)
…Buddhism movement and outlines some thoughts in regard to the cosmology and practice. Genshin assumes the general Buddhist position that life within the Six Paths is characterised by duḥkha and should thus be rejected. The purpose of his descriptions of the extreme suffering in Naraka could be to convince people…
Traditional Tibetan thangka showing the bhavacakra and six realms of saṃsāra in Buddhist cosmology.