1.
Meryl Streep
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Mary Louise Meryl Streep is an American actress and philanthropist. Nominated for 20 Academy Awards, Streep has more nominations than any actor or actress. Streep has also received 30 Golden Globe nominations, winning eight—more nominations, Streep made her professional stage debut in Trelawny of the Wells in 1975, and in 1976 received a Tony Award nomination for Best Featured Actress in a Play for 27 Wagons Full of Cotton. She made her debut in the 1977 television film The Deadliest Season. In 1978, she won an Emmy Award for her role in the miniseries Holocaust and she went on to win Best Supporting Actress for Kramer vs. Kramer, and Best Actress for Sophies Choice and The Iron Lady. President Barack Obama awarded her the 2010 National Medal of Arts, in 2003, the government of France made her a Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters. In 2017, Streep was awarded the Golden Globe Cecil B. Mary Louise Streep was born on June 22,1949, in Summit, New Jersey, the daughter of Mary Wolf Wilkinson, a commercial artist and art editor, the eldest child, she has two younger brothers, Dana David and Harry William III. Streeps father Harry was of German and Swiss ancestry and her fathers lineage traces back to Loffenau, Germany, from where her second great-grandfather, Gottfried Streeb, immigrated to the United States, and where one of her ancestors served as mayor. Another line of her fathers family was from Giswil, Switzerland and her mother had English, German, and Irish ancestry. Some of Streeps maternal ancestors lived in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island and were descended from 17th-century immigrants from England and her eighth great-grandfather, Lawrence Wilkinson, was one of the first Europeans to settle in Rhode Island. Streep is also a distant relative of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, Streeps maternal great-great-grandparents, Manus McFadden and Grace Strain, the namesake of Streeps second daughter, were natives of the Horn Head district of Dunfanaghy, Ireland. Streeps mother, whom she has compared in both appearance and manner to Dame Judi Dench, strongly encouraged her daughter and instilled confidence in her from a young age. Streep has said, She was a mentor because she said to me, Meryl and she was saying, You can do whatever you put your mind to. If youre lazy, youre not going to get it done, but if you put your mind to it, you can do anything. Although Streep was naturally more introverted than her mother, at times when she later needed an injection of confidence in adulthood, she would consult her mother, asking her for advice. Streep was raised as a Presbyterian in Basking Ridge, New Jersey and attended Cedar Hill Elementary School and the Oak Street School, in her Junior High debut, she starred as Lousie Heller in the play The Family Upstairs. In 1963 the family moved to Bernardsville, New Jersey, where she attended Bernards High School
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
National Board of Review
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The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures was founded in 1909 in New York City, just 13 years after the birth of cinema, to protest New York City Mayor George B. McClellan, Jr. s revocation of moving-picture exhibition licenses on Christmas Eve 1908, the mayor believed that the new medium degraded the morals of community. Its stated purpose was to endorse films of merit and champion the new art of the people, in an effort to avoid government censorship of films, the National Board became the unofficial clearinghouse for new movies. From 1916 into the 1950s thousands of motion pictures carried the legend Passed by the National Board of Review in their main titles, however, the Board was a de facto censorship organization. Producers submitted their films to the Board before making release prints, they agreed to cut out any footage that the Board found objectionable, up to and including destroying the entire film. In 1930, the NBR was the first group to choose the ten best English-language movies of the year and the best foreign films, everson, Alistair Cooke, and Pearl Buck. In addition, the Awards Jury helps to determine the special achievement awards presented at the gala in January. The organization also works to foster commentary on all aspects of production by underwriting educational film programs. In 2016, the NBR reached out to the community to The Reel Works Teen Filmmaking, The Ghetto Film School, the organization also awarded grants to seventeen student filmmakers as part of its annual Student Grant Program. The boardss official magazine had existed in several forms and different names since its inception, in 1950 the magazine changed its name from Screen Magazine, and launched the first issue as Films in Review on February 1,1950. Note, Until 1945, there were awards for Best Picture and intermittent awards for Best Documentary. Motion Picture Production Code Official website
4.
Joan Crawford
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Joan Crawford was an American film and television actress who began her career as a dancer and stage showgirl. In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Crawford tenth on its list of the greatest female stars of Classic Hollywood Cinema. Beginning her career as a dancer in traveling theatrical companies, before debuting as a girl on Broadway. In the 1930s, Crawfords fame rivaled, and later outlasted, MGM colleagues Norma Shearer, Crawford often played hard-working young women who find romance and success. These stories were received by Depression-era audiences and were popular with women. But her career gradually improved in the early 1940s, and she made a comeback in 1945 by starring in Mildred Pierce. She would go on to receive Best Actress nominations for Possessed, in 1955, Crawford became involved with the Pepsi-Cola Company through her marriage to company Chairman Alfred Steele. After his death in 1959, Crawford was elected to fill his vacancy on the board of directors, following a public appearance in 1974, after which unflattering photographs were published, Crawford withdrew from public life and became increasingly reclusive until her death in 1977. Her first three ended in divorce, the last ended with the death of husband Alfred Steele. She adopted five children, one of whom was reclaimed by his birth mother, Crawfords relationships with her two older children, Christina and Christopher, were acrimonious. Crawford disinherited the two, and, after Crawfords death, Christina wrote a well-known tell-all memoir titled Mommie Dearest, Crawfords remains are interred at the Ferncliff Cemetery, in Hartsdale, New York. Born Lucille Fay LeSueur in San Antonio, Texas, on March 23, Crawfords birth year is disputed, with 1904,1905 and she was the youngest and third child of father Thomas E. LeSueur, a laundry laborer, and mother Anna Bell Johnson. Johnson was of English, French Huguenot, Swedish, and Irish ancestry, Crawfords elder siblings were sister Daisy LeSueur, who died before Lucilles birth, and brother Hal LeSueur. Crawfords father abandoned the family a few months before her birth, reappearing later in 1930 in Abilene, Texas, following LeSueurs departure from the family home, Crawfords mother married Henry J. Cassin. The marriage is listed in the census as Crawfords mothers first marriage, Crawford lived with her mother, stepfather, and siblings in Lawton, Oklahoma. There, Cassin, an impresario, ran the Ramsey Opera House and managed to book diverse. At that time, Crawford was reportedly unaware that Cassin, whom she called daddy, was not her father until her brother Hal told her the truth. Crawford preferred the nickname Billie as a child and enjoyed watching vaudeville acts perform on the stage of her stepfathers theatre, because the familys instability negatively affected Crawfords childhood, her schooling never formally progressed beyond elementary school
5.
Mildred Pierce (film)
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Mildred Pierce is a 1945 American film noir directed by Michael Curtiz and starring Joan Crawford, Jack Carson and Zachary Scott, also featuring Eve Arden, Ann Blyth and Bruce Bennett. Based on a novel by James M. Cain, this was Crawfords first starring film for Warner Bros. after leaving MGM, and won her the Academy Award for Best Actress. In 1996, Mildred Pierce was deemed culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant, while the novel is told by a third-person narrator in strict chronological order, the film uses voice-over narration. The story is framed by Mildreds interrogation by police after they discover the body of her second husband, the film, in noir fashion, opens with Beragon having been shot. He murmurs the name Mildred before he dies, the police tell Mildred that they believe the murderer is her first husband, Bert Pierce. Bert has already been interrogated and has confessed to the crime, Mildred protests that he is too kind and gentle to commit murder, and goes on to relate her life story in flashback. Mildred was married to Bert Pierce, who is presently unemployed, Bert had been a real estate partner of Wally Fay. Mildred has been supporting her family by baking and selling pies and cakes, Bert accuses Mildred of caring more about their daughters, and making them her priority instead of her husband. Mildred admits this, and the two decide to separate, Wally propositions Mildred the moment he learns that she and Bert separated. Mildred retained custody of her two daughters, the 16-year-old Veda, a bratty social climber and aspiring pianist, and 10-year-old Kay, Mildreds principal goal is to provide for Veda, who longs for possessions that her mother cant afford, and social status above that of her family. She is ashamed of her mothers work as a baker, Mildred searches for a job, but is hampered by her lack of employable skills. She has never worked outside her home except for her small baking business, the best she can find is as a waitress – a fact she hides from Veda. One day, Veda gives their maid, Lottie, Mildreds waitress uniform, Mildred confronts Veda and is forced to admit she is a waitress. Veda treats her with derision and makes it clear that she is ashamed of her mother, Bert arrives to take his daughters for his weekend visit. Kay contracts pneumonia on the trip and dies, Mildred channels her grief into work and throws herself into opening a new restaurant. With the help of her new friend and former supervisor, Ida, Wally helps Mildred buy the property, and she expands into a chain of Mildreds throughout Southern California. Mildred continues to smother Veda in affection and worldly goods, Veda, despite her mothers love and lavish gifts, remains spoiled, selfish, disrespectful and expresses her scorn of Mildreds common background and choice of profession. Vedas obsession with money and materialistic possessions only increases, Veda secretly marries a well-to-do young man for his money and position, but expresses unhappiness about her marriage
6.
Academy Award for Best Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Janet Gaynor receiving the award for her roles in 7th Heaven, Street Angel, and Sunrise. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actresses were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actress is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, one actress has been nominated posthumously, Jeanne Eagels. Only three film characters have been nominated more than once in this category, elizabeth I of England, Leslie Crosbie in The Letter, and Esther Blodgett in A Star is Born. Six women on the list have received an Honorary Academy Award for their acting, they are Greta Garbo, Barbara Stanwyck, Mary Pickford, Deborah Kerr, Gena Rowlands, since its inception, the award has been given to 74 actresses. Katharine Hepburn has won the most awards in this category, with four Oscars, meryl Streep, who has a total of 20 Oscar nominations, has been nominated in this category on 16 occasions, resulting in two awards. As of the 2017 ceremony, Emma Stone is the most recent winner in category for her role as Mia Dolan in La La Land. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
7.
Anna Magnani
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Anna Magnani was an Italian stage and film actress. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress, along with four international awards. Born in Rome, she worked her way through Romes Academy of Dramatic Art by singing at night clubs, during her career, her only child was stricken by polio when he was 18 months old and remained crippled. She was referred to as La Lupa, the perennial toast of Rome, time magazine described her personality as fiery, and drama critic Harold Clurman said her acting was volcanic. In the realm of Italian cinema she was passionate, fearless, and exciting, director Roberto Rossellini called her the greatest acting genius since Eleonora Duse. Playwright Tennessee Williams became an admirer of her acting and wrote The Rose Tattoo specifically for her to star in, a role for which she received an Oscar in 1955. As an actress she became recognized for her dynamic and forceful portrayals of earthy lower-class women in films as LAmore, Bellissima, The Rose Tattoo, The Fugitive Kind. As early as 1950 Life magazine had stated that Magnani was one of the most impressive actresses since Garbo. Magnanis parentage and birthplace are uncertain, some sources suggest she was born in Rome, others in Egypt. Magnani herself stated that her mother was married in Egypt but returned to Rome before giving birth to her at Porta Pia and she was enrolled in a French convent school in Rome where she learned to speak French and play the piano. She also developed a passion for acting from watching the stage their Christmas plays. This period of formal education lasted until the age of fourteen and she was a plain, frail child with a forlornness of spirit. Her grandparents compensated by pampering her with food and clothes, yet while growing up, she is said to have felt more at ease around more earthly companions, often befriending the toughest kid on the block. This trait carried over into her life when she proclaimed. Give me the life of the streets, of common people, at age 17, she went on to study at the Eleonora Duse Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in Rome for two years. To support herself, Magnani sang in nightclubs and cabarets, leading to her being dubbed the Italian Édith Piaf, however, an actor friend Micky Knox, writes that she never studied acting formally and started her career in Italian music halls singing traditional Roman Folk songs. She had the ability to call up emotions at will, to move an audience, stage She was considered an outstanding theatre actress in Anna Christie and The Petrified Forest and had a successful career in variety shows. Early film roles In 1933 she was acting in plays in Rome when she was discovered by Italian filmmaker Goffredo Alessandrini
8.
Rome, Open City
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Open City or Rome, Open City is a 1945 Italian neorealist drama film directed by Roberto Rossellini. The picture features Aldo Fabrizi, Anna Magnani and Marcello Pagliero, the title refers to Rome being declared an open city after 14 August 1943. The film won awards at various film festivals, including the most prestigious Cannes Grand Prize. The landlady warns him in time of the Germans arrival, so that he can elude them by jumping across the rooftops and he goes to the home of another Resistance fighter, Francesco. There he encounters Pina who lives in the next apartment, Pina is Francesco’s fiancée, and is visibly pregnant. She first suspects Giorgio of being a cop and gives him a rough time, Don Pietro is scheduled to officiate at Pinas and Francesco’s wedding the next day. Her son, Marcello, is a sort of reluctant altar boy and he and his friends have a small role in the Resistance planting bombs. Pinas sister Laura stays with her, but is not involved in the Resistance, in fact, she works in a cabaret serving the Nazis and Fascists. She is also an old friend of Marina, a girlfriend of Giorgios who has been looking for him, Marina also works in the cabaret, and as an occasional prostitute. The Gestapo/SS commander in the city, helped by the Italian police commissioner and they conduct a huge raid, pulling out all the people and arresting dozens of men. Giorgio gets away, but Francesco is thrown in a truck with other arrestees, seeing him being taken away, Pina breaks through a cordon of police and runs towards him, but is shot dead. The priest, who was in the building to hide weapons, under the guise of praying for a man, holds her in his arms. The truck drives away in a convoy with military vehicles, but outside of town it is attacked by Resistance fighters, Francesco makes it back into Rome and reconnects with Giorgio. Together they go to the priest, who has offered to them in a monastery. Marina betrays her lover in exchange for drugs and a fur coat. Using information given by Marina, the Gestapo and Italian police capture Giorgio, Francesco is saying goodbye to Marcello, and sees them get picked up and gets away. The defector, fearing torture, hangs himself in his cell and they then force Don Pietro to watch Giorgios torture. When Giorgio dies without revealing anything, Don Pietro blesses his body, realizing that she was responsible for this, she passes out
9.
Celia Johnson
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Dame Celia Elizabeth Johnson DBE was an English actress. She began her acting career in 1928, and subsequently achieved success in West End. She also appeared in films, including the romantic drama Brief Encounter. Much of her work was for television, and she continued performing in theatre for the rest of her life. She suffered a stroke and died soon after at the age of 73, born in Richmond, Surrey, and nicknamed Betty, Johnson was the second daughter of Robert and Ethel Johnson. Her first public performance was in 1916, when she played a role in a charity performance of King Cophetua and she attended St Pauls Girls School in London from 1919 until 1926, and played in the schools orchestra under Gustav Holst. She acted in productions, but had no other acting experience, when she was accepted to study at Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in 1926. She later spent a term in Paris, studying under Pierre Fresnay at the Comédie Française and she later recalled her choice of an acting career with the comment, I thought Id rather like it. It was the only thing I was good at, and I thought it might be rather wicked. ”Her stage début, and first professional role, was as Sarah in George Bernard Shaws Major Barbara at the Theatre Royal, Huddersfield in 1928. She went to London the following year to take the place of Angela Baddeley in the part of Currita in A Hundred Years Old, in 1930 Johnson played in Cynara with Sir Gerald Du Maurier and Dame Gladys Cooper. She made her first trip to the United States the following year to star as Ophelia in a New York production of Hamlet. She returned to London, where she appeared in a number of productions, before establishing herself with a two-year run in The Wind. She married the journalist Peter Fleming in 1935, and in 1939 gave birth to their first child, during the Second World War, Johnson lived with her widowed sister and sister-in-law and helped care for their combined seven children. She appeared in In Which We Serve and This Happy Breed, Lean and Coward sought Johnson for the next production, Brief Encounter. I have found myself already planning how I should play bits, Johnson was awarded the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress. After the war, Johnson concentrated on her life, which included two daughters born in 1946 and 1947 and her occasional acting work was secondary for the following decade. In 1952, she opened The Grass is Greener, in 1957 she acted with Ralph Richardson in The Flowering Cherry. As a member of Laurence Oliviers National Theatre Company, Johnson appeared in the plays The Master Builder with Olivier and Hay Fever, for her role in The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, she received the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role
10.
This Happy Breed (film)
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This Happy Breed is a 1944 British Technicolor drama film directed by David Lean. The screenplay by Lean, Anthony Havelock-Allan and Ronald Neame is based on the 1939 play of the title by Noël Coward. The title, a reference to the English people, is a phrase from John of Gaunts monologue in Act II, Scene 1 of William Shakespeares Richard II. Opening in 1919, shortly after the end of the First World War, the household includes Frank, his wife Ethel, their three children – Reg, Vi and Queenie – his widowed sister Sylvia and Ethels mother. Frank is delighted to discover that his next-door neighbour is Bob Mitchell, Frank finds employment in a travel agency run by another old army chum. As the children grow up and the country adapts to peacetime, Reg becomes friendly with Sam, a staunch socialist, who is attracted to Vi. Queenie is pursued by Bobs sailor son Billy, but she longs to escape the suburbs, during the General Strike of 1926, Reg is injured in a brawl in Whitechapel Road. Vi blames Sam, who had brought her brother to the area, in 1928, Charleston dance mania arrives in England, Queenie exhibits her fancy steps at the local dance hall and wins a dance contest. As all of London is swept up in the Jazz Age, Billy proposes to Queenie, but she confesses she is in love with a married man and soon after runs off with him. Her mother says she cannot forgive her and never wants to see her again, as time passes, Aunt Sylvia discovers spiritualism, Reg and Phyllis are killed in a car crash, and the British Union of Fascists tries to stir up anti-Semitic sentiment in the city. Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister, King George V dies, when Neville Chamberlain returns from Munich with the promise of peace in our time, Frank is disgusted by peoples enthusiastic response. Billy, home on leave from the Royal Navy and now a sub-lieutenant, abandoned by her lover, she and an older woman opened a tearoom to make ends meet. She deeply regrets having left home, Billy reveals they were married two weeks previously in the Plymouth Registry Office and he has brought her back to London, Ethel forgives her. With the Second World War on the horizon, Queenie has a baby son, Frank and Ethel, faced with an empty nest, decide to sell the house and move to a flat with their grandson. In 1942, David Lean and Noël Coward had co-directed In Which We Serve and this Happy Breed marked Leans solo directorial debut. He and Coward later teamed for Brief Encounter and Blithe Spirit, Coward had played Frank Gibbons on stage, and he wanted to reprise the role on screen. Donat refused the role because he objected to the speech delivered by his character in the stage version. As he explained in a letter to Coward, Rightly or wrongly, according to the films cameraman Ronald Neame, by the end of filming, Newton had forfeited his entire salary, although the producers forgave him and paid his full fee
11.
Olivia de Havilland
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Olivia Mary de Havilland is a retired American actress whose career spanned from 1935 to 1990. She appeared in 49 feature films, and was one of the movie stars during the golden age of Classical Hollywood. Born in Tokyo to British parents, de Havilland and her younger sister Joan moved to California in 1919 and they were brought up by their mother Lilian, a former stage actress who taught them dramatic art, music, and elocution. De Havilland made her debut in amateur theatre in Alice in Wonderland. Olivia de Havilland made her debut in Reinhardts A Midsummer Nights Dream in 1935. She began her career playing demure ingénues opposite popular leading men, including Errol Flynn and they became one of Hollywoods most popular romantic on-screen pairings. She achieved her initial popularity in romantic films, such as The Great Garrick. Her natural beauty and refined acting style made her particularly effective in historical dramas, such as Anthony Adverse. In her later career, she was most successful in films, such as Light in the Piazza. In addition to her career, de Havilland continued her work in the theatre. For her contributions to the picture industry, she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. After romantic relationships with Howard Hughes, James Stewart, and John Huston, de Havilland married author Marcus Goodrich, with whom she had a son, Benjamin. Following her divorce from Goodrich in 1953, she moved to Paris and married Pierre Galante, in 1962, she published Every Frenchman Has One, an account of her life in France. De Havilland and Joan Fontaine are the siblings to have won Academy Awards in a lead acting category. A lifelong rivalry between the two resulted in an estrangement that lasted over three decades. She has lived in Paris since 1956, and celebrated her 100th birthday on July 1,2016, De Havilland was born on July 1,1916, in Tokyo, Japan, to English parents. Her father, Walter de Havilland, served as an English professor at the Imperial University in Tokyo before becoming a patent attorney and her mother, Lilian Fontaine, was educated at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London and became a stage actress. Lilian also sang with the Master of the Kings Music, Sir Walter Parratt, Olivias paternal cousin was Sir Geoffrey de Havilland, an aircraft designer and founder of the de Havilland aircraft company
12.
The Snake Pit
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The Snake Pit is a 1948 American drama film directed by Anatole Litvak and stars Olivia de Havilland, Mark Stevens, Leo Genn, Celeste Holm, Beulah Bondi, and Lee Patrick. Based on Mary Jane Wards 1946 semi-autobiographical novel of the same name, the novel was adapted for the screen by Frank Partos and Millen Brand, in screen credits order, and Arthur Laurents. Virginia Cunningham is an apparently schizophrenic inmate at an institution called the Juniper Hill State Hospital. She hears voices and seems so out of touch with reality that she recognize her husband Robert. Dr. Kik works with her, and flashbacks show how Virginia and he worked for a publisher who rejected her writing, and they bumped into each other again in the cafeteria. Occasionally she continued to drop by the cafeteria so they get to each other. Despite their blossoming romance, Virginia abruptly leaves town without explanation, Robert moves to New York and bumps into her again at the Philharmonic. After she provides an excuse for her absence and departure, they pick up where they left off, though she remains evasive. Eventually, Virginia brings up the possibility of marriage and they marry on May 7, but Virginia acts erratically again. She can’t sleep and loses touch with reality, as she feels it is November, the rest of the film follows her therapy. Dr. Kik puts her through treatment and other forms of treatment including hypnotherapy. Dr. Kik wants to get to the causes of her unconscious rejection, the film includes many flashbacks, including her earlier failed engagement to Gordon as well as childhood issues. The film shows her progress and what happens to her along the way, the mental hospital is organized on a spectrum of levels. The better a patient gets, the level she is able to achieve. Virginia moves to the lowest level, where she encounters Nurse Davis, Davis is jealous of Dr. Kiks interest in Virginia, which she sees as excessive. Dr. Kik, learning of this, has Virginia returned to Level One, despite this setback, Dr. Kiks care continues to improve Virginias mental state. Over time, Virginia gains insight and self-understanding, and is able to leave the hospital, gene Tierney was the first choice to play Virginia Stuart Cunningham, but was replaced by Olivia de Havilland when Tierney became pregnant. Director Anatole Litvak insisted upon three months of grueling research and he demanded that the entire cast and crew accompany him to various mental institutions and to lectures by leading psychiatrists
13.
Gloria Swanson
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Gloria May Josephine Swanson was an American actress and producer best known for her role as Norma Desmond, a reclusive silent film star, in the critically acclaimed 1950 film Sunset Boulevard. Swanson was also a star in the silent film era as both an actress and an icon, especially under the direction of Cecil B. She starred in dozens of silent films and was nominated for the first Academy Award in the Best Actress category and she also produced her own films, including Sadie Thompson and The Love of Sunya. In 1929, Swanson transitioned to talkies with The Trespasser, personal problems and changing tastes saw her popularity wane during the 1930s when she moved into theater, and later television. Gloria May Josephine Swanson was born in a house in Chicago in 1899 to Adelaide and Joseph Theodore Swanson. Her father was from a strict Lutheran Swedish American family, and her mother was of German, French, and Polish ancestry. Because of her fathers attachment to the U. S. Army, the family moved frequently and Swanson ended up spending most of her childhood in Puerto Rico and she also spent time in Key West, Florida. After a few months as a working with others like Charlie Chaplin. Her parents would soon separate and she and her mother moved to California, Swanson made her film debut in 1914 as an extra in The Song of Soul for Essanay. She reportedly asked to be in the movie just for fun, Essanay hired her to feature in several movies, including His New Job, directed by and starring Charlie Chaplin. Swanson auditioned for the female role in Swanson moved to California in 1916 to appear in Mack Sennetts Keystone comedies opposite Bobby Vernon. With their great chemistry, the pair became popular. Director Charley Chase recalled that she was frightened to death of Vernons dangerous stunts, conquering her fears, however, she often cooperated with Vernon. Surviving films in which appear together include The Danger Girl, The Sultans Wife. In 1919 she signed with Paramount Pictures and worked often with Cecil B. DeMille, who turned her into a lead in such films as Dont Change Your Husband, Male and Female with the famous scene posing as the Lions Bride with a real lion. Something to Think About, and The Affairs of Anatol, in the space of two years, Swanson rocketed to stardom and was one of the most sought-after actresses in Hollywood. She later appeared in a series of films directed by Sam Wood and she starred in Beyond the Rocks with her longtime friend Rudolph Valentino
14.
Sunset Boulevard (film)
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Sunset Boulevard is a 1950 American film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder, and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett. It was named after the boulevard runs through Los Angeles and Beverly Hills. Nancy Olson, Fred Clark, Lloyd Gough and Jack Webb play supporting roles, DeMille and gossip columnist Hedda Hopper play themselves, and the film includes cameo appearances by leading silent film actors Buster Keaton, H. B. Praised by many critics when first released, Sunset Boulevard was nominated for eleven Academy Awards, deemed culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant by the U. S. Library of Congress in 1989, Sunset Boulevard was included in the first group of films selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. In 1998, it was ranked number twelve on the American Film Institutes list of the 100 best American films of the 20th century, at a Sunset Boulevard mansion, the body of Joe Gillis floats in the swimming pool. In a flashback, Joe relates the events leading to his death, six months earlier, down-on-his-luck screenwriter Joe tries selling Paramount Pictures producer Sheldrake on a story he submitted. Script reader Betty Schaefer harshly critiques it in Joes presence, unaware that he is the author, later, while fleeing from men trying to repossess his car, Joe turns into the driveway of a seemingly deserted mansion. After concealing the car, he hears a woman calling him, ushered in by Max, her butler, Joe recognizes the woman as almost-forgotten silent film star Norma Desmond. Learning he is a writer, she asks his opinion of a script she has written for a film about Salome and she plans to play the title role herself in a comeback attempt. Joe finds her script abysmal, but flatters her into hiring him as a script doctor, moved into Normas mansion at her insistence, Joe resents but gradually accepts his dependent situation. He sees that Norma refuses to face the fact that her fame has evaporated, Max tells him Norma is subject to depression and has made suicide attempts. Norma lavishes attention on Joe and buys him expensive clothes, at her New Years Eve party, he discovers he is the only guest and realizes she has fallen in love with him. He tries to let her down gently, but she slaps him, Joe leaves the mansion and visits his friend Artie Green, who is having his own New Years Eve party. Joe asks Artie about staying at his place and again meets Betty, Betty believes a scene in one of Joes scripts has potential, but Joe is uninterested in pursuing it. When Joe phones Max to have him pack his things, Max informs him that Norma has cut her wrists with his razor, Norma has Max deliver the edited Salome script to her former director, Cecil B. Afterwards, she begins to receive calls from Paramount executive Gordon Cole, eventually, she has Max drive her and Joe to Paramount in her 1929 Isotta Fraschini, where she is greeted warmly by the older studio employees. DeMille receives her affectionately and treats her with respect
15.
Jan Sterling
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Jan Sterling was an American actress of stage, film and television. Her best performance is recognized as the sluttish, opportunistic wife opposite Kirk Douglas in Billy Wilders 1951 Ace in the Hole. Although her career declined during the 1960s, she continued to play occasional television, Sterling was born Jane Sterling Adriance in New York City, the daughter of Eleanor Ward and William Allen Adriance Jr, an architect and advertising executive. She had a sister, Ann Mimi Adriance, a model. Jane grew up in a household and was educated in private schools before heading to Europe. She was schooled by tutors in London and Paris and was enrolled in Fay Comptons dramatic school in London. In 1947, she made her debut in Tycoon, billed as Jane Darian. Ruth Gordon reportedly insisted she change her name and they agreed upon Jan Sterling. She played a prominent supporting role in Johnny Belinda, often cast as hard and determined characters, she played a more sympathetic character in Sky Full of Moon. In 1950, she was cast as Ruth on ABCs The Marshal of Gunsight Pass, with Russell Hayden, Sterlings character is the girlfriend of Deputy Roscoe played by veteran western film star Roscoe Ates. The series was telecast live from a studio lot at the Iverson Ranch in Chatsworth. In 1954, Sterling was nominated for an Academy Award and won a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in The High and the Mighty. Later that year, she travelled to Britain to play the role of Julia in the first film version of George Orwells 1984, during the following years, she appeared regularly in films. She guest-starred on Riverboat, as well as Nurse Murdoch in the 1963 episode Millions of Faces on ABCs Breaking Point, in 1967, she and Tisha Sterling appeared in the episode Eleven Miles to Eden of NBCs The Road West starring Barry Sullivan. In late 1968, she began portraying the conniving Miss Foss on The Guiding Light. After appearing in the rarely seen 1969 film The Minx, she retired from films in favor of the stage and her last film appearance was as Walter Matthaus wife in the 1981 film First Monday in October. Sterlings marriage to John Merivale ended in divorce and her career declined after the death in 1959 of her second husband, the actor Paul Douglas. In the 1970s, she entered into a personal relationship with Sam Wanamaker
16.
Ace in the Hole (1951 film)
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Ace in the Hole is a 1951 American film noir starring Kirk Douglas as a cynical, disgraced reporter who stops at nothing to try to regain a job on a major newspaper. The story is an examination of the seedy relationship between the press, the news it reports and the manner in which it reports it. The film also shows how a gullible public can be manipulated by the press, without consulting Wilder, Paramount Pictures executive Y. Frank Freeman changed the title to The Big Carnival just prior to its release, early television broadcasts retained that title, but when aired by Turner Classic Movies—and when released on DVD by The Criterion Collection in July 2007—it reverted to Ace in the Hole. Chuck Tatum is an ambitious, self-centered, wisecracking, down-on-his-luck reporter who has worked his way down the ladder. He has come west to New Mexico from New York City, along the way having been fired from eleven newspapers for libel, adultery, and heavy drinking, among other charges. Now that his car has broken down and Tatum is broke, he talks his way into a job for the Albuquerque Sun-Bulletin. Tatum stays sober and works there uneventfully for a year, then while unhappily on assignment to cover a rattlesnake hunt, he learns about Leo Minosa, a local man who has become trapped in a cave collapse while gathering ancient Indian artifacts. Lorraine, the wife, goes along with the reporters scheme. She is eager to leave Leo and their business, a combination trading post. Thanks to the publicity Tatum generates, she experiences a financial windfall, Herbie Cook, the newspapers young photographer, slowly loses his idealism as he follows Tatums lead and envisions himself selling pictures to Look or Life. The rescue site literally becomes a carnival, with rides, entertainment, songs about Leo and he takes up with Lorraine and is greeted heroically by the crowd each time he returns from visiting poor Leo in the cave. After five days of drilling, the party ends abruptly. Tatum has mistreated Leos wife once too often as well, Tatum gets the local priest, and takes him into the cave to administer Last Rites. Tatum has neglected to send copy to the New York editor and he calls the editor and tries to confess to killing Leo by delaying the rescue, but the editor hangs up on him. Tatum barely reaches his old office in Albuquerque and he enters calling for publisher Booth. As Booth walks out of his office to deal with him, but before he can say any more to Booth, Tatum falls dead on to the floor. Kirk Douglas as Chuck Tatum Jan Sterling as Lorraine Minosa Robert Arthur as Herbie Cook Porter Hall as Jacob Q, the first involved W. Floyd Collins, who in 1925 was trapped inside Sand Cave, Kentucky, following a landslide
17.
Shirley Booth
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Shirley Booth was an American stage, film, radio and television actress. Primarily a theater actress, Booths Broadway career began in 1925 and her most significant success was as Lola Delaney, in the drama Come Back, Little Sheba, for which she received her first Tony Award in 1950. She made her debut, reprising her role in the 1952 film version, for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress. Despite her successful entry into films, she preferred acting on the stage, from 1961 until 1966, she played the title role in the sitcom Hazel, for which she won two Primetime Emmy Awards. She was later acclaimed for her performance in the 1966 television production of The Glass Menagerie and her final role was that of Mrs. Claus in the 1974 animated television special The Year Without a Santa Claus. Booth was born Marjory Ford in New York City to Albert James, in the 1905 New York state census, she was listed as Thelma Booth Ford. She had one sibling, a sister, Jean. Her childhood was spent in Flatbush, Brooklyn, where she attended Public School 152, when she was seven, Booths family moved to Philadelphia where she first became interested in acting after seeing a stage performance. When Booth was a teenager, her moved to Hartford, Connecticut. She made her debut in a production of Mother Careys Chickens. Against her fathers protests, she dropped out of school and traveled to New York City to further pursue a career and she initially used the name Thelma Booth when her father forbade her to use the family name professionally. She eventually changed her name to Shirley Booth, Booth began her career onstage as a teenager, acting in stock company productions. She was a prominent actress in Pittsburgh theatre for a time and her debut on Broadway was in the play, Hells Bells, opposite Humphrey Bogart on January 26,1925. Booth first attracted notice as the female lead in the comedy hit Three Men on a Horse. During the 1930s and 1940s, she achieved popularity in dramas, comedies and, later, musicals. Her then-husband, Ed Gardner, created and wrote the show as well as playing its lead character, Archie and our Miss Brooks became a radio and television hit when the title role went to Eve Arden, making her a major star. Booth received her first Tony Award, for Best Supporting or Featured Actress, for her performance as Grace Woods in Goodbye, My Fancy. Her second Tony was for Best Actress in a Play, which she received for her acclaimed performance as the tortured wife, Lola Delaney, in the poignant drama Come Back
18.
Come Back, Little Sheba (1952 film)
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Come Back, Little Sheba is a drama film produced by Paramount Pictures. It tells the story of a marriage that is rocked when a young woman rents a room in the couples house. The film stars Burt Lancaster with Terry Moore and Richard Jaeckel, shirley Booth makes her film debut, which earned her the Academy Award for Best Actress. The title refers to the little dog that disappeared months before the story begins. The movie was adapted by Ketti Frings from the 1950 play of the title by William Inge and was directed by Daniel Mann. Doc, thinking he was doing the thing, married Lola. The child later died, and in the process rendered Lola unable to have any further children, as a result, Doc turned to excessive drinking, causing him to have bouts of anger and murderous rage, and later drinking away a sizeable inheritance from his parents. He eventually joined Alcoholics Anonymous and was able to quit drinking, Marie is a young college student who rents a spare room from the Delaneys. One day she brings home a man, Turk, who is a star on the track team. Hes wearing his outfit, which shows off his muscles. Mrs. Delaney encourages the couple in their session, though Doc. Later, after Marie and Turk leave, it is revealed that Marie is promised to be married to man, Bruce. As Maries infatuation with Turk grows, Doc becomes more agitated, Lola reminds him that Marie is so much like Lola in her younger days, when she was young and pretty and Doc was dashing and handsome, before Lola became old, fat, and sloppy. Doc calms down but still voices his disagreement over Marie seeing another boy while Bruce is away, one night, Turk and Marie return from a school dance. Marie forgot her key, so Turk enters through a window, unlocks the front door, meanwhile, this has been witnessed by Doc, who believes that they are up to no good, and he begins to remember what he was like with Lola. He goes back to the kitchen and reaches for his hidden in the cupboard. Back in Maries room, she changes her mind about Turk and he accuses her of being a big tease and is about to force his way onto her when he changes his mind and leaves, unseen by Doc, through a window. A neighbor hears the commotion and comes running over, just as the two men come to take Doc away. He is carried off screaming while Lola and the neighbor watch sadly
19.
Jean Simmons
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Jean Merilyn Simmons, OBE was an English-born American actress and singer. One of J. Simmons was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for Hamlet, and won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for Guys and Dolls. Other notable film appearances included Young Bess, The Robe, Elmer Gantry, Spartacus, and she also won an Emmy Award for the 1983 miniseries The Thorn Birds. Simmons was born in Lower Holloway, London, to Charles Simmons, jean was the youngest of four children with siblings Lorna, Harold and Edna. She began acting at the age of 14, during the Second World War, the Simmons family was evacuated to Winscombe, Somerset. Returning to London and just enrolled at the Aida Foster School of Dance, Simmons was spotted by the director Val Guest, small roles in several other films followed including the high-profile Caesar and Cleopatra, produced by Gabriel Pascal. Pascal saw potential in Simmons and in 1945 he signed her to a seven-year contract, prior to moving to Hollywood, she played the young Estella in David Leans version of Great Expectations and Ophelia in Laurence Oliviers Hamlet, for which she received her first Oscar nomination. She played an Indian girl in the Powell-Pressburger film Black Narcissus, but I figured Id just go off and get married and have children like my mother. It was working with David Lean that convinced me to go on, in 1949 Simmons starred with Stewart Granger in Adam and Evelyne. In 1950 she was voted the fourth most popular star in Britain, in 1951 Rank sold her contract to Howard Hughes, who then owned the RKO Pictures. In 1950 she married Stewart Granger, with whom she appeared in films. She made four films for Hughes, including Angel Face, directed by Otto Preminger, according to David Thomson if she had made only one film – Angel Face – she might now be spoken of with the awe given to Louise Brooks. A court case freed her from the contract with Hughes in 1952, in 1953 she starred alongside Spencer Tracy in The Actress, a film that was one of her personal favourites. In the opinion of film critic Philip French, Home Before Dark saw her give perhaps her finest performance as a housewife driven into a breakdown in Mervyn LeRoys psychodrama, by the 1970s Simmons turned her focus to stage and television acting. She toured the United States in Stephen Sondheims A Little Night Music, then took the show to London, and thus originated the role of Desirée Armfeldt in the West End. Performing in the show for three years, she said she never tired of Sondheims music, No matter how tired or off you felt, the music would just pick you up. She portrayed Fiona Fee Cleary, the Cleary family matriarch, in the 1983 miniseries The Thorn Birds, in 1985-86 she appeared in North and South, again playing the role of the family matriarch as Clarissa Main. She made a late appearance in the Star Trek, The Next Generation episode The Drumhead as a retired Starfleet admiral
20.
The Actress
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The Actress is an 1953 American comedy-drama film based on Ruth Gordons autobiographical play Years Ago. The film was directed by George Cukor and stars Jean Simmons, Spencer Tracy, Teresa Wright, the film basically is a series of vignettes involving Ruth, her parents, her best friends, and the college boy romantically pursuing her. Although Gordon did in fact become an accomplished Academy Award-winning actress and a successful writer, the film was nominated for an Oscar for Best Black-and-White Costume Design. Tracy won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture Actor in a Drama and was nominated for a BAFTA as Best Foreign Actor. In 1913 Wollaston, Massachusetts, teenage student Ruth Gordon Jones dreams of a career after becoming mesmerized by a performance of The Pink Lady in a Boston theater. When Ruth gets the chance to audition for a producer, she disobeys her father. However, her audition proves disastrous and crushes her confidence and enthusiasm, despite his promise, Clinton is not sure where he will get the support money for Ruth, and is anxious about his job security. He counts on his bonus to provide the necessary funds. Her enthusiasm restored, Ruth makes the arrangements to go to New York after graduation, on the day she is scheduled to depart, Clinton suddenly loses his job after confronting his boss about his bonus, leaving him with no money to give to Ruth. The family heads happily to the station to see Ruth off. Spencer Tracy as Clinton Jones Jean Simmons as Ruth Gordon Jones Teresa Wright as Annie Jones Anthony Perkins as Fred Whitmarsh Ian Wolfe as Mr. According to MGM records the film made $594,000 in the US and Canada and $320,000 elsewhere and it recorded admissions in France of 15,493. The Actress at the Internet Movie Database The Actress at the TCM Movie Database The Actress at AllMovie Years Ago at the Internet Broadway Database, play on which film is based
21.
Ruth Gordon
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Ruth Gordon Jones, known as Ruth Gordon, was an American film, stage, and television actress, as well as a screenwriter and playwright. Gordon began her performing on Broadway at age nineteen. Known for her voice and distinctive personality, she gained international recognition. Her later work included performances in Rosemarys Baby, Harold and Maude, in addition to her acting career, Gordon wrote numerous plays, film scripts, and books, most notably co-writing the screenplay for the 1949 film Adams Rib. Gordon won an Academy Award, an Emmy, and two Golden Globe awards for her acting, as well as receiving three Academy Award nominations for her writing, Ruth Gordon Jones was born at 31 Marion Street in Quincy, Massachusetts. She was the child of Annie Tapley and Clinton Jones. Her first appearance in the public eye came as an infant when her photograph was used in advertising for her fathers employer, prior to graduating from Quincy High School, she wrote to several of her favorite actresses requesting autographed pictures. A personal reply from Hazel Dawn inspired her to go into acting, although her father was skeptical of her chances of success in a difficult profession, in 1914 he took his daughter to New York, where he enrolled her in the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. In 1915, Gordon appeared as an extra in silent films that were shot in Fort Lee, New Jersey, including as a dancer in The Whirl of Life, woollcott, who described her favorably as ever so gay, would become her friend and mentor. In 1918, Gordon played opposite actor Gregory Kelly in the Broadway adaptation of Booth Tarkingtons Seventeen, the pair continued to perform together in North American tours of Frank Cravens The First Year and Tarkingtons Clarence and Tweedles. Then in 1920, Gordon and Kelly were wed, in December 1920, Gordon checked into a Chicago hospital to have her legs broken and straightened to treat her lifelong bow-leggedness. After a three-month recovery, she and Kelly relocated to Indianapolis where they started a repertory company, Kelly died of heart disease in 1927, at the age of 36. In 1929, Gordon was starring in the hit play, Serena Blandish and their son, Jones Harris, was born in Paris that year and Gordon brought him back to New York. Although they never married, Gordon and Harris provided their son with a normal upbringing, in 1932 the family was living discreetly in a small, elegant New York City brownstone. Gordon married her husband, writer Garson Kanin, who was 16 years her junior. Gordon and Kanin collaborated on the screenplays for the Katharine Hepburn – Spencer Tracy films Adams Rib and Pat, both films were directed by George Cukor. The couple were friends of Hepburn and Tracy, and incorporated elements of their real personalities in the films. Gordon and Kanin received Academy Awards nominations for both of those screenplays, as well as for that of a film, A Double Life
22.
The Robe (film)
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The Robe is a 1953 American Biblical epic film that tells the story of a Roman military tribune who commands the unit that crucifies Jesus. The film was released by 20th Century Fox and is notable for being the first film released in the widescreen process CinemaScope, like other early CinemaScope films, The Robe was shot with Henri Chrétiens original Hypergonar anamorphic lenses. The picture was directed by Henry Koster and produced by Frank Ross, the screenplay was adapted by Gina Kaus, Albert Maltz, and Philip Dunne from Lloyd C. Douglas eponymous 1942 novel. The music score was composed by Alfred Newman, and the cinematography was by Leon Shamroy. This first widescreen movie in more than two decades stars Richard Burton, Jean Simmons, Victor Mature, and Michael Rennie, with Dean Jagger, Jay Robinson, Richard Boone, the Robe had one sequel, Demetrius and the Gladiators. The action takes place in Ancient Rome, Judaea, Capri, Marcellus Gallio, son of an important Roman senator and himself a military tribune, begins the film in a prologue that introduces the viewer to the might and scope of the Roman empire. He is notoriously known as a man but is captivated by the reappearance of a childhood sweetheart, Diana. Diana is unofficially pledged in marriage to Tiberius regent, Caligula, in a slave market, Marcellus bids against Caligula for a defiant Greek slave Demetrius and wins. Angrily, Caligula issues orders for Marcellus to receive a transfer to Jerusalem. Marcellus has Demetrius released and orders him to go on his own to the Gallio home, Marcellus is surprised to find Demetrius waiting for him when he gets home. Unofficially, Marcellus had freed Demetrius, but Demetrius feels honor bound to compensate Marcellus by being his servant. Demetrius accompanies Marcellus to Palestine, but before the sails, Diana comes to see Marcellus, pledging her love for him. Marcellus declares his love for Diana and asks her to make the promise not to give her in marriage to Caligula. Marcellus rides into Jerusalem with the centurion Paulus on the day as Jesus triumphal entry on Palm Sunday. Demetrius locks gazes with Jesus and feels compelled to follow him, Jesus is arrested and condemned by Pontius Pilate, the procurator. Marcellus reports to Pilate, who informs him that the emperor has sent for him, before Marcellus departs, he is ordered to take charge of the detail of Roman soldiers assigned to crucify Jesus. Marcellus wins the robe worn by Jesus in a game and is told it will be a reminder of Marcellus first crucifixion. Demetrius has had enough, he curses Marcellus and the Roman Empire and runs away, Marcellus now behaves like a madman haunted by nightmares of the crucifixion
23.
Young Bess
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Young Bess is a 1953 Technicolor biographical film made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer about the early life of Elizabeth I, from her turbulent childhood to the eve of her accession to the throne of England. The film was directed by George Sidney and produced by Sidney Franklin, from a screenplay by Jan Lustig, following the execution of her mother, Anne Boleyn, for infidelity, Elizabeth I is exiled to Hatfield House and declared illegitimate by her father, King Henry VIII. She is accompanied by her servants, Mr. Parry. Over the years, her position rises and falls on the whim of her father, the child is periodically summoned back to London to become acquainted with Henrys latest spouse. When Henry marries his last wife, Catherine Parr, the now-teenage Elizabeth finally rebels against her latest summons, however, the suave, handsome Lord Admiral Thomas Seymour persuades her to change her mind, and Elizabeth and Catherine become good friends. Meanwhile, Henry is impressed and amused by the defiance of his daughter. When Henry dies, Thomass scheming brother Ned takes over as Lord Protector and guardian of King Edward VI during his minority, Ned and Thomas do not like each other, and Neds fear of his brothers ambition grows with each of Thomass naval triumphs. By now, Elizabeth realizes she is in love with Thomas and she refuses to believe Mrs. Ashleys warning that he loves someone else until she sees Thomas and Catherine embrace in secret. Ned had blocked Thomas from marrying into the family. As they live in the household in Chelsea, Thomas grows too close to Elizabeth without even knowing it, until one day he sees Elizabeth being kissed by Barnaby. Prompted by jealousy, Thomas kisses Elizabeth, who declares her love for him, Catherine, who has noticed the closeness between her husband and Elizabeth, asks Elizabeth to make a choice, and the princess moves back to Hatfield. Soon after, Catherine sickens and dies, after months of Thomas being away at sea, he returns and finally sees Elizabeth. Ned has him arrested and charged with treason and he also accuses Elizabeth of plotting with Thomas to overthrow her brother. She goes to see Edward, but is too late to save Thomas from execution, the film then shifts forward to 1558. Having survived the perils of her life, and with Edward deceased and her elder sister Mary dying. Early on Elizabeth Taylor was mentioned as a star, however she was young, Deborah Kerr signed with MGM and she was announced as star, and the part written older. MGM announced filming in England in 1948, with Kerr to make it after Edward, then Jean Simmons was announced as lead. This was partly at the behest of J. Arthur Rank who had Simmons under contract, Simmons had married Stewart Granger and he signed to co star
24.
Elizabeth I of England
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Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, his second wife, who was executed two and a half years after Elizabeths birth. Annes marriage to Henry VIII was annulled, and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate, edwards will was set aside and Mary became queen, deposing Lady Jane Grey. During Marys reign, Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels, in 1558, Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel. She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers, led by William Cecil, one of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church, of which she became the Supreme Governor. This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England and it was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line. She never did, despite numerous courtships, as she grew older, Elizabeth became famous for her virginity. A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits, pageants, in government, Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been. One of her mottoes was video et taceo, in religion, she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution. Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs, manoeuvring between the powers of France and Spain. She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective, poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands, France, by the mid-1580s, England could no longer avoid war with Spain. Englands defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history, Elizabeths reign is known as the Elizabethan era. Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered, sometimes indecisive ruler, towards the end of her reign, a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity. Such was the case with Elizabeths rival, Mary, Queen of Scots, after the short reigns of Elizabeths half-siblings, her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity. Elizabeth was born at Greenwich Palace and was named after both her grandmothers, Elizabeth of York and Elizabeth Howard and she was the second child of Henry VIII of England born in wedlock to survive infancy. Her mother was Henrys second wife, Anne Boleyn, at birth, Elizabeth was the heir presumptive to the throne of England. She was baptised on 10 September, Archbishop Thomas Cranmer, the Marquess of Exeter, the Duchess of Norfolk, Elizabeth was two years and eight months old when her mother was beheaded on 19 May 1536, four months after Catherine of Aragons death from natural causes. Elizabeth was declared illegitimate and deprived of her place in the royal succession, eleven days after Anne Boleyns execution, Henry married Jane Seymour, who died shortly after the birth of their son, Prince Edward, in 1537
25.
Grace Kelly
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Grace Patricia Kelly was an American actress who became Princess of Monaco after marrying Prince Rainier III, in April 1956. In October 1953, she gained stardom from her performance in the film Mogambo, which won her a Golden Globe Award, subsequently, she had leading roles in five films, including The Country Girl, for which her deglamorized performance earned her an Academy Award for Best Actress. Kelly retired from acting at the age of 26 to marry Rainier and they had three children, Caroline, Albert II, and Stéphanie. Kelly retained her American roots, maintaining dual U. S. and she died on September 14,1982, a day after suffering a stroke while driving her car, which caused a crash. Kelly was born on November 12,1929, at Hahnemann University Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to an affluent and influential family. Her father, Irish-American John B. Kelly Sr. had won three Olympic gold medals for sculling and owned a successful brickwork contracting company that was well-known on the East Coast. A registered Democrat, he was nominated to be mayor of Philadelphia for the 1935 election, in later years, he served on the Fairmount Park Commission and, during World War II, was appointed by President Roosevelt as National Director of Physical Fitness. Kellys mother was Philadelphia native Margaret Katherine Majer, the daughter of German immigrants, Margaret had taught physical education at the University of Pennsylvania and had been the first woman to coach womens athletics at the institution. She was noted for her beauty and modeled for a time in her youth, after marrying John B. Kelly in 1924, Margaret focused on being a housewife until all her children were of school age, following which she began actively participating in various civic organizations. Kelly had two siblings, Margaret and John Jr. and a younger sister, Elizabeth. The children were raised in the Roman Catholic faith, while attending Ravenhill Academy, a prestigious Catholic girls school, Kelly modeled fashions at local social events with her mother and sisters. In 1942, at the age of 12, she played the lead in Dont Feed the Animals, before graduating in May 1947 from Stevens School, a socially prominent private institution on Walnut Lane in the Northwest Philadelphia neighborhood of Germantown, she acted and danced. Her graduation yearbook listed her favorite actress as Ingrid Bergman and her favorite actor as Joseph Cotten, written in the Stevens Prophecy section was, Miss Grace P. Kelly – a famous star of stage and screen. Owing to her low mathematics scores, Kelly was rejected by Bennington College in July 1947, despite her parents initial disapproval, Kelly decided to pursue her dreams of being an actress. John was particularly displeased with her decision, he viewed acting as a cut above streetwalker. To start her career, she auditioned for the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York, although the school had already met its semester quota, she obtained an interview with the admission officer, Emile Diestel, and was admitted through the influence of George. She began her first term the following October, while at school, she lived in Manhattans Barbizon Hotel for Women, a prestigious establishment which barred men from entering after 10 pm, and she worked as a model to support her studies. Kelly worked diligently and practiced her speech by using a tape recorder and her early acting pursuits led her to the stage, most notably a Broadway debut in Strindbergs The Father alongside Raymond Massey
26.
The Country Girl (1954 film)
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The Country Girl is a 1954 American drama film directed by George Seaton and starring Bing Crosby, Grace Kelly, and William Holden. Adapted by George Seaton from Clifford Odets 1950 play of the same name, Seaton won the Academy Award for Best Writing, Adapted Screenplay. It was entered in the 1955 Cannes Film Festival, Kelly won the Oscar for Best Actress for the role, which previously had earned Uta Hagen her first Tony Award in the plays original Broadway production. The role, a departure for Kelly, was as the alcoholic actors long-suffering wife. The win was a surprise, as most critics and people in the press felt that Judy Garland would win for A Star Is Born. NBC even sent a crew to Garlands hospital room, where she was recuperating from the birth of her son. The win by Kelly instead famously prompted Groucho Marx to send Garland a telegram stating it was the biggest robbery since Brinks. Given the period of its production, the film is notable for its realistic, frank dialogue and honest treatments of the side of alcoholism. In a theatre where auditions are being held for a new musical production and this is met with strong opposition from Cook, the shows producer. Bernie insists on the down-on-his-luck Frank Elgin, who is living in a modest apartment with his wife Georgie and they are grateful, though not entirely certain Frank can handle the work. Initially Frank leads Bernie to believe that Georgie is the reason for his career decline, Bernie strongly criticizes her, first behind her back and eventually to her face. What he doesnt know is that the real reason Franks career has ended is his insecurity, mealy-mouthed to the directors face, Frank is actually a demanding alcoholic who is totally dependent on his wife. Bernie mistakenly blames her for everything that happens during rehearsals, including Elgins requests for a dresser and he believes Georgie to be suicidal and a drunk, when it is actually Frank who is both. Humiliated when he learns the truth, Bernie realizes that behind his hatred of Georgie was an attraction to her. He kisses her and falls in love, Elgin succeeds in the role on opening night. Afterward he demands respect from the producer that he and his wife had not been given previously, at a party to celebrate, Bernie believes that now that Elgin has recovered his self-respect and stature, Georgie will be free to leave him. But she stands by her husband instead, filmed between February and April 1954, the film had its benefit world premiere at Criterion Theatre, New York on December 15,1954. The Gala West Coast Premiere took place at the Stanley Warner Theatre, Wilshire Blvd. at Canon Drive and this was a benefit for the United States Olympic Fund
27.
Dial M for Murder
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Dial M for Murder is a 1954 American crime mystery film directed by Alfred Hitchcock, starring Ray Milland, Grace Kelly, Robert Cummings and John Williams. It was filmed in 3-D with the technology that was available at the time, the screenplay and the successful stage play on which it was based were written by English playwright Frederick Knott. The play premiered in 1952 on BBC Television, before being performed on stage in the year in Londons West End in June. The movie was released by Warner Bros. though due to the waning popularity of 3D films, it was converted to 2D. Tony Wendice, a former English professional tennis player, is married to wealthy socialite Margot, Tony meets an acquaintance from the University of Cambridge, Charles Alexander C. A. Swann, who has become a small-time criminal. Tony has secretly been following Swann so he can blackmail him into murdering Margot, Tony tells Swann about Margots affair. Six months before, Tony stole her handbag, which contained a letter from Mark. After tricking Swann into leaving his fingerprints on the letter, Tony offers to pay him £1,000 to kill Margot, if Swann refuses, Tony will turn him in to the police as Margots blackmailer. When Swann agrees, Tony explains his plan, the evening he will take Mark to a party, leaving Margot at home. Swann is to sneak in when Margot is asleep and hide behind the curtains in front of the French doors to the garden, at eleven oclock, Tony will telephone the flat from the party. Swann must kill Margot when she answers the phone, open the French doors, leave signs suggesting a burglary gone wrong, the next night, Swann enters the flat while Margot is in bed, and waits. At the party, Tony discovers his watch has stopped, so he phones the flat later than intended, when Margot comes to the phone, Swann tries to strangle her with his scarf, but she manages to grab a pair of scissors and kill him. She picks up the receiver and pleads for help. Tony tells her not to do anything until he arrives home, when he returns to the flat, he calls the police and sends Margot to bed. The following day, Tony persuades Margot to hide the fact that he told her not to call the police immediately, chief Inspector Hubbard arrives and questions the Wendices, and Margot makes several conflicting statements. When Hubbard says Swann must have entered through the front door, Tony falsely claims to have seen Swann at the time Margots handbag was stolen, Hubbard does not believe this because no key was found on Swanns body. Hubbard arrests Margot after concluding that she killed Swann for blackmailing her, Margot is found guilty and sentenced to death. Some months later, on the day before Margots scheduled execution, Mark visits Tony, to Tonys consternation, Marks story is what did actually happen, that Tony bribed Swann to murder Margot
28.
Rear Window
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Rear Window is a 1954 American Technicolor mystery thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock and written by John Michael Hayes based on Cornell Woolrichs 1942 short story It Had to Be Murder. Originally released by Paramount Pictures, the film stars James Stewart, Grace Kelly, Wendell Corey, Thelma Ritter and it was screened at the 1954 Venice Film Festival. The film is considered by many filmgoers, critics and scholars to be one of Hitchcocks best, the film received four Academy Award nominations and was ranked No.42 on AFIs 100 Years.100 Movies list and No.48 on the 10th-anniversary edition. In 1997, Rear Window was added to the United States National Film Registry in the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, after breaking his leg photographing a racetrack accident, a professional photographer, the adventurous L. B. Jeff Jefferies, is confined to a wheelchair in his Greenwich Village apartment to recuperate and his rear window looks out onto a courtyard and several other apartments. During a powerful heat wave, he watches his neighbors, who keep their windows open to stay cool, Jeffs sophisticated, beautiful socialite girlfriend, Lisa Fremont, visits him regularly, as does his insurance companys nurse, Stella. Stella wants Jeff to settle down and marry Lisa, but Jeff is reluctant, one night during a thunderstorm Jeff hears a woman scream Dont. and then the sound of breaking glass. Later he is awakened by thunder and observes Thorwald leaving his apartment, Thorwald makes repeated late-night trips carrying his sample case. The next morning Jeff notices that Thorwalds wife is gone, and then sees Thorwald cleaning a large knife, later, Thorwald ties a large trunk with heavy rope and has moving men haul it away. Jeff discusses all this with Lisa and with Stella, Jeff becomes convinced that Thorwald has murdered his wife. Jeff explains this to his friend Tom Doyle, a New York City Police detective, Doyle finds nothing suspicious, apparently Mrs. Thorwald is upstate, and picked up the trunk herself. Soon after, a dog is found dead, its neck broken. The owner yells out into the courtyard, You dont know the meaning of the word neighbors, neighbors like each other, speak to each other, care if anybody lives or dies. All the neighbors run to their windows to see what is happening, except for Thorwald, certain that Thorwald is also guilty of killing the dog, Jeff asks Lisa to slip an accusatory note under his door, so Jeff can watch his reaction when he reads it. Then, as a pretext to get Thorwald out of his apartment, Jeff telephones him, much to Jeffs amazement and admiration, Lisa then climbs the fire escape to Thorwalds apartment and clambers in through an open window. When Thorwald returns and grabs Lisa, Jeff calls the police, Jeff sees Lisa has her hands behind her back, wiggling her finger with Mrs. Thorwalds wedding ring on it. Thorwald notices this, and realizing that she is signaling to someone, Jeff phones Doyle and leaves an urgent message. Stella heads for the station to post bail for Lisa
29.
The Rose Tattoo (film)
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The Rose Tattoo is a 1955 film adaptation of the Tennessee Williams play of the same name. It was adapted by Williams and Hal Kanter and directed by Daniel Mann, with stars Anna Magnani, Burt Lancaster, Marisa Pavan and Jo Van Fleet. Williams originally wrote the play for Italian Anna Magnani to play on Broadway in 1951, by the time of this film adaptation, she was ready. Serafina Delle Rose proudly praises her husband Rosario to her neighbors in a shopping market. Returning home she finds Rosario asleep in bed and whispers to him that she is with child, emerging from his room she finds a young woman named Estelle at the door who wants her to make a shirt for her lover from some expensive silk material. It transpires that Rosario is her lover as, when Serafina is out of the room, later that night Rosario is out working and Serafina is busy working on the shirt for her customer. The women of the neighborhood discover that Rosario has been killed in a road accident whilst trying to speed away from the police. When Serafina discovers her husbands demise she collapses, and later the local doctor informs her daughter Rosa. Three years later Serafina is a recluse, having withdrawn from the world and she has allowed her appearance to deteriorate. It is the day of the high school graduation and the women of the neighborhood are impatiently banging on Serafinas front door for their daughters graduation dresses, Rosa is also begging for her graduation dress from her mother, but Serafina has locked them—along with the rest of Rosas clothes—away. Rosas teacher turns up in the neighborhood demanding to know what is keeping them and she goes to the Delle Rose household and eventually makes Serafina see sense and she hands over the key. After much thought Serafina decides to attend her daughters graduation, during this time two women arrive asking if Serafina can quickly mend their bandanas for a festival to which they are going. Serafina reluctantly does so, but is appalled by their talk of men, one of the women, Bessie, takes offense and informs Serafina that her late husband was having an affair. Serafina does not go to the ceremony after this revelation. She is infuriated when Rosa introduces her to her new sailor boyfriend Jack Hunter, after her interrogation, he confides that he is a virgin himself. She forces him to vow before a statue of the Virgin Mary that he will respect Rosas innocence, then Rosa and Jack are picked up by a car of friends for a party. Serafina is still stinging from the revelation that her husband was unfaithful, on a mission to root out the truth, she heads to the church to ask the priest if her husband had confessed to an affair with another woman. He refuses to answer and she attacks him, a truck driver named Alvaro pulls her off the priest, but she tears Alvaros shirtfront in her attack
30.
Dorothy McGuire
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Dorothy Hackett McGuire was an American actress. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Gentlemans Agreement, born in Omaha, Nebraska, McGuire was the only child of Thomas Johnson McGuire and Isabelle Flaherty McGuire. She began her career on the stage at the Omaha Community Playhouse. After her fathers death, McGuire attended a convent school in Indianapolis and she later attended Pine Manor Junior College in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, serving as president of that schools drama club. She graduated from Pine Manor when she was 19, McGuire was a member of the casts of Big Sister and Joyce Jordan, M. D. She also appeared in This Is My Best, Screen Directors Playhouse, eventually, she reached Broadway, first appearing as an understudy to Martha Scott in Our Town, and subsequently starring in the domestic comedy, Claudia. Brought to Hollywood by producer David O and her inaugural screen performance was popular with both the public and critics alike and was the catalyst for not only a sequel, Claudia and David, but also for numerous other film roles. By 1945, at the age of 29, she was playing mother roles. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress in 1947 for Gentlemans Agreement, McGuire had a long Hollywood career. Her versatility served her well in taut melodramas, such as The Spiral Staircase and Make Haste to Live, as well as in light, frothy comedies, such as Mother Didnt Tell Me and Mister 880. Married to Life magazine photographer John Swope for more than 35 years, she had a son, photographer Mark Swope, and a daughter Topo, McGuire died of cardiac arrest in 2001 following a brief illness at the age of 85. For her contribution to the picture industry, Dorothy McGuire has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6933 Hollywood Boulevard. It was dedicated February 8,1960
31.
Friendly Persuasion (1956 film)
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Friendly Persuasion is a 1956 Civil War film starring Gary Cooper, Dorothy McGuire, Anthony Perkins, Richard Eyer, Robert Middleton and Phyllis Love. The screenplay was adapted by Michael Wilson from the 1945 novel The Friendly Persuasion by Jessamyn West, the film tells the story of a pacifist Quaker family in southern Indiana during the American Civil War. The father of the family is gradually converted to supporting the war, the film was originally released with no screenwriting credit because Wilson was on the Hollywood blacklist. His credit was restored in 1996, the film is set in Jennings County, Indiana in 1862. Jess Birdwell is a farmer and patriarch of the Birdwell family whose Quaker religion conflicts with his love for the worldly enjoyments of music, jesss wife Eliza, a Quaker minister, is deeply religious and steadfast in her refusal to engage in violence. Jesss daughter Mattie wants to remain a Quaker but has fallen in love with dashing cavalry officer Gard Jordan, jesss youngest child Little Jess is a feisty child whose comical feud with his mothers pet goose causes her heartache. Jesss elder son Josh is torn between his hatred of violence and a conviction that to protect his family he must join the home guard and we are introduced to the family via its youngest member, Little Jess, who is forever at war with his mothers pet goose. When confronted with the question of his being afraid to fight and his honesty provokes the wrath of Purdy, a Quaker elder who condemns people who dont believe as he does. On a business trip, Jess acquires a new horse from the widow Hudspeth, one day, Jess is cultivating his fields and notices an immense cloud of smoke on the horizon produced by the burning of buildings. Josh soon arrives and tells them the community has been reduced to ash. Josh believes that he must fight, a conviction that threatens to destroy the family, Eliza tells him that by turning his back to their religion hes turning his back on her, but Jess sees things a different way. Josh finds himself on the front line of the battle to stop the advance of the raiders, fires his gun, meanwhile, Jess is reluctant to fight, only picking up a rifle when the family horse gallops back to the farm riderless. When Confederates arrive, they loot the farm for food when only Eliza, Sam Jordan is bushwhacked by a Reb and Jess struggles with the Confederate soldier and takes away his gun, but ultimately lets him go free and unhurt. Each member of the faces the question of whether it is ever right for a Christian to engage in violence. The film went over budget to the point that Allied sold the distribution rights to MGM to raise more funds. Jessamyn West spent a year with the production as both writer and as technical adviser. The character Mattie was a composite of the two surviving Birdwell daughters in the novel, Cooper expressed initial reservations to West about his character, noting that since in his previous roles action seems to come natural to me, the father should be shown joining the fight. There comes a time in a picture of mine when the people watching expect me to do something, West responded he would do something, Refrain
32.
Joanne Woodward
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Joanne Gignilliat Trimmier Woodward is an American actress, producer, activist, and philanthropist. She is perhaps best known for her Academy Award-winning role in The Three Faces of Eve. Woodward was born on February 27,1930, in Thomasville, Georgia, daughter of Elinor and Wade Woodward and her middle names, Gignilliat Trimmier, are of Huguenot origin. She was influenced to become an actress by her mothers love of movies and her mother named her after Joan Crawford, using the Southern pronunciation of the name – Joanne. She eventually worked with Olivier in 1977, in a production of Come Back. During rehearsals, she mentioned this incident to him, and he told her that he remembered her doing it, Woodward lived in Thomasville until she was in the second grade, when her family relocated to Marietta, Georgia, where she attended Marietta High School. She remains a booster of Marietta High and of that citys Strand Theater and they moved once again when she was a junior in high school, after her parents divorced. She graduated from Greenville High School in Greenville, South Carolina in 1947, Woodward won many beauty contests as a teenager. She appeared in productions at Greenville High and in Greenvilles Little Theatre, playing Laura Wingfield in their staging of The Glass Menagerie. She returned to Greenville in 1976, to play Amanda Wingfield in another Little Theatre production of The Glass Menagerie and she had also returned in 1955 for the premiére of her debut movie, Count Three And Pray, at the Paris Theatre on North Main Street. Woodward majored in drama at Louisiana State University, where she was an initiate of Chi Omega sorority, woodwards first film was a post-Civil War Western, Count Three and Pray, in 1955. She continued to move between Hollywood and Broadway, eventually understudying in the New York production of Picnic, which featured her future husband Paul Newman, the two were married in 1958, after their work together in the film The Long, Hot Summer. By that time, Woodward had starred in The Three Faces of Eve and she appeared with husband Paul Newman in ten feature films, The Long, Hot Summer Rally Round the Flag, Boys. From the Terrace Paris Blues A New Kind of Love Winning WUSA The Drowning Pool Harry & Son — Mr. and she appeared in the television films Sybil, opposite Sally Field, and Crisis at Central High. She was the narrator for Martin Scorseses screen version of The Age of Innocence, Woodward was a co-producer and starred in a 1993 broadcast of the play Blind Spot, for which she was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie. In 1995, Woodward directed off-broadway revivals of Clifford Odets Golden Boy, Woodward served as the artistic director of the Westport Country Playhouse from 2001 to 2005. She recorded a reading of singer John Mellencamps song The Real Life for his box set On the Rural Route 7609, in 2011, she narrated the Scholastic/Weston Woods film All the World. Woodward was reported to have engaged to author Gore Vidal prior to marrying Paul Newman
33.
The Three Faces of Eve
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The Three Faces of Eve is a 1957 American mystery drama film presented in CinemaScope, based on a book by psychiatrists Corbett H. Thigpen and Hervey M. Cleckley, who also helped write the screenplay. It was based on their case of Chris Costner Sizemore, also known as Eve White, sizemores identity was concealed in interviews and this film, and was not revealed to the public until 1975. The film is directed by Nunnally Johnson, joanne Woodward won the Academy Award for Best Actress, making her the first actress to win an Oscar for portraying three different personalities. The Three Faces of Eve also became the first film since 1936 to win the Best Actress award without getting nominated in category after Bette Davis won for Dangerous. Eve White is a timid, self-effacing wife and mother who is subject to severe and blinding headaches, eventually she is sent to see a personality psychiatrist Dr. Luther, and while having a conversation, a new personality, the wild, fun-loving Eve Black, emerges. Eve Black knows everything about Eve White, but Eve White is unaware of Eve Black, when Eve Black becomes the dominant personality, Eve Whites husband leaves her and abandons their daughter, Bonnie. Eve White is sent to an asylum after Eve Black tries to kill Eve Whites daughter, Dr. Luther considers both Eve White and Eve Black to be incomplete and inadequate personalities. Most of the film depicts Luthers attempts to understand and deal with two faces of Eve. He eventually prompts her to remember an event in Eve’s childhood. Her beloved grandmother had died when she was six, and according to family custom relatives were supposed to kiss the person at the viewing, making it easier for them to let go. Eves grief and terror led to her splitting off into two different personalities. Under hypnosis at one session, a third personality manifests, the relatively stable Jane, after discovering the cause of her disorder, Jane is gradually able to remember everything that has ever happened to all three personalities. When Luther asks to speak with Eve White, they discover that Eve White, all three personalities have merged again into a single one. She marries a man named Earl whom she met when she was Jane, in her 1958 book, The Final Face of Eve, she used the pseudonym Evelyn Lancaster. In her 1977 book Im Eve, she revealed her true identity and she has also written a follow-up book, A Mind Of My Own. Woodward – at the time an unknown in Hollywood – won the Academy Award for Best Actress. It was a reversal of roles for Ms. Woodward, who played the psychiatrist who diagnosed Sybil Dorsett with multiple personality disorder and subsequently led her through treatment
34.
Ingrid Bergman
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Ingrid Bergman was a Swedish actress who starred in a variety of European and American films. She won three Academy Awards, two Emmy Awards, four Golden Globe Awards, a BAFTA Award, and the Tony Award for Best Actress. She is best remembered for her roles as Ilsa Lund in Casablanca and as Alicia Huberman in Notorious, before becoming a star in American films, Bergman had been a leading actress in Swedish films. Her introduction to American audiences came with her role in the English-language remake of Intermezzo. Selznicks financial problems meant that Bergman was often loaned to other studios, apart from Casablanca, her performances from this period include Victor Flemings remake of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, For Whom the Bell Tolls, Gaslight, and The Bells of St. Marys. Her last films for Selznick were Alfred Hitchcocks Spellbound and Notorious and her final film for Hitchcock was Under Capricorn. After a decade in American films, she starred in Roberto Rossellinis Stromboli, many of her personal and film documents can be seen in the Wesleyan University Cinema Archives. According to the St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture, Bergman quickly became the ideal of American womanhood, in 2007, the American Film Institute ranked Bergman as the fourth-greatest female screen legend of classic American cinema. Bergman, named after Princess Ingrid of Sweden, was born on 29 August 1915 in Stockholm, to a Swedish father, Justus Bergman, when she was two years old, her mother died. Her father, who was an artist and photographer, died when she was 13, in the years before he died, he wanted her to become an opera star, and had her take voice lessons for three years. But she always knew from the beginning that she wanted to be an actress, sometimes wearing her mothers clothes and her father documented all her birthdays with a borrowed camera. After his death, she was sent to live with an aunt and she then moved in with her Aunt Hulda and Uncle Otto, who had five children. Another aunt she visited, Elsa Adler, first told Ingrid, when she was 11, that her mother may have had some Jewish blood, but her aunt also cautioned her about telling others about her possible ancestry as there might be some difficult times coming. Biographer Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, however, notes that the claim of Jewish blood was likely an embellishment, after being forced to do an in-depth genealogical investigation, Bergmans maternal cousin found there to be no Jewish ancestry on Bergmans mothers side. Later, she received a scholarship to the state-sponsored Royal Dramatic Theatre School, after several months she was given a part in a new play, Ett Brott, written by Sigfrid Siwertz. Chandler notes that this was totally against procedure at the school, during her first summer break, she was also hired by a Swedish film studio, which led to her leaving the Royal Dramatic Theatre after just one year, to work in films full-time. Her first film role after leaving the Royal Dramatic Theatre was a part in 1935s Munkbrogreven. She went on to act in a films in Sweden, including En kvinnas ansikte, which was later remade as A Womans Face with Joan Crawford
35.
The Inn of the Sixth Happiness
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Robert Donat, who played the mandarin of the town in which Aylward lived, died before the film was released. The musical score was composed and conducted by Malcolm Arnold, the cinematography was by Freddie Young. The film was shot in Snowdonia, North Wales, most of the children in the film were Chinese children from Liverpool, home to one of the oldest Chinese communities in Europe. The story begins with Aylward being rejected as a missionary to China because of her lack of education. Dr. Robinson, the missionary, feels sorry for her. Over the next few months, Aylward saves her money to purchase a ticket on the Trans-Siberian railway, once in China, she settles in the town of Yang Cheng, where she secures a post as assistant to a veteran missionary, Jeannie Lawson. Lawson has set up an inn for traveling merchants, where they can get a hot meal, the film follows Aylwards acculturation, culminating in her taking over the inn when Lawson dies in an accident. The local Mandarin appoints Aylward, a stubborn but endearing woman and she succeeds in this, and manages to put down a prison revolt as well, winning her the esteem of the local population and of the Mandarin. Meanwhile, however, China is being invaded by Japan, and she refuses, and as the town of Yang Cheng comes under attack, she finds that she has fifty orphans in her care. As the population prepares to evacuate the town, the Mandarin announces that he is converting to Christianity to honour Aylward and she is now left alone with the children, aided by Li, the former leader of the prison revolt she helped to resolve. Just as they are preparing to leave, another fifty orphans appear from a town, so Aylward and Li have no choice. Although it should only have taken them a week, the roads are infested with Japanese patrols, after a long, difficult journey, they all arrive safely on the day the trucks are to leave. Aylward is greeted by Dr. Robinson, and she reminds him of how he rejected her as a missionary years before. The film culminates with the column of children, led by Aylward, marching into the town, a gold-painted statue of Buddha that was used on a set for the film is now located in the Italianate village of Portmeirion, North Wales. Sean Connery was considered for the role of Colonel Lin, the screen tests from this can be seen on the DVD. Since the films release, the makers have been criticized for casting Ingrid Bergman, a tall woman with a Swedish accent, as Gladys Aylward. Likewise, the two leads, British actor Robert Donat and Austrian actor Curt Jurgens were not even Chinese. Singer Bill Elliott sang the hit song The Inn of the Sixth Happiness with the Cyril Stapleton Orchestra The film was based on the novel The Small Woman by Alan Burgess, the real Gladys Aylward was born in London
36.
Gladys Aylward
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The movie was produced by Twentieth Century Fox, and filmed entirely in North Wales and England. Aylward was born to a family in Edmonton, North London. Her parents were Thomas John Aylward and Rosina Florence Aylward and her siblings were Laurence and Violet. She worked as a worker from her early teens. In 1932, having worked for Sir Francis Younghusband, she spent her savings on a train passage to Yangcheng, Shanxi Province. The perilous trip took her across Siberia with the Trans-Siberian Railway and she was detained by the Russians, but managed to evade them with local help and took a lift from a Japanese ship. She travelled across Japan with the help of the British Consul, there, she and Mrs. Lawson not only provided hospitality for travellers, but would also share stories about a man named Jesus, in hopes of sharing the Gospel. For a time she served as an assistant to the Chinese government as a foot inspector by touring the countryside to enforce the new law against footbinding young Chinese girls and she met with much success in a field that had produced much resistance, including sometimes violence against the inspectors. In 1938, the region was invaded by Japanese forces, and Aylward led over 100 orphans to safety over the mountains and she not only led the orphans to safety, but personally cared for them and converted many of them to Christianity. She never married, but spent her entire life devoting herself to Christian work with the people of China and she returned to Britain in 1948, where, after 10 years she sought to return to China. However, she was denied re-entry by the Communist government and instead settled in Taiwan, there she founded the Gladys Aylward Orphanage, where she worked until her death in 1970. A film based on her life, The Inn of the Sixth Happiness, was released in 1958 and it drew from the book The Small Woman, by Alan Burgess. The tall, blonde Swedish actress Ingrid Bergman was inconsistent with Aylwards small stature, dark hair and North London accent. The struggles of Aylward and her family to effect her initial trip to China were disregarded in favour of a plot device of an employer condescending to write to his old friend Jeannie Lawson. Also, Aylwards dangerous, complicated travels across Russia, China and Japan were reduced to, for example, in real life she was given the Chinese name 艾偉德, however in the film she was given the name 真爱 Jen-Ai. Aylward died on 3 January 1970, just short of her 68th birthday and she was known to the Chinese as 艾偉德. There is a commemorative plaque on the house where Gladys lived near the school in Cheddington Road. Numerous books, short stories and films have developed about the life
37.
Simone Signoret
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Simone Signoret was a French cinema actress often hailed as one of Frances greatest film stars. She became the first French person to win an Academy Award, in her lifetime she also received two Césars, three BAFTAs, an Emmy, a Cannes Film Festival Award, the Silver Bear for Best Actress awards, a NBR Award and a Golden Globe nomination. Signoret was born Simone Henriette Charlotte Kaminker in Wiesbaden, Germany, to André and Georgette Kaminker and her mother, Georgette, from whom she acquired her stage name, was a French Catholic. Signoret grew up in Paris in an atmosphere and studied English, German. During the German occupation of France, Signoret mixed with an group of writers and actors who met at a café in the Saint-Germain-des-Prés quarter. By this time, she had developed an interest in acting and was encouraged by her friends, including her lover, Daniel Gélin and she took her mothers maiden name for the screen to help hide her Jewish roots. Signorets sensual features and earthy nature led to type-casting and she was seen in roles as a prostitute. She won considerable attention in La Ronde, a film which was banned briefly in New York as immoral and she won further acclaim, including an acting award from the British Film Academy, for her portrayal of another prostitute in Jacques Beckers Casque dor. She appeared in notable films in France during the 1950s, including Thérèse Raquin, directed by Marcel Carné, Les Diaboliques. In 1958, Signoret acted in the English independent film, Room at the Top, which won her numerous awards including the Best Female Performance Prize at Cannes and the Academy Award for Best Actress. She was the only French cinema actress to receive an Oscar until Juliette Binoche in 1997 and Marion Cotillard in 2008, and she was offered films in Hollywood, but turned them down, continuing to work in France and England—notably opposite Laurence Olivier in Term of Trial —until 1965. In 1962, Signoret translated Lillian Hellmans play The Little Foxes into French for a production in Paris that ran for six months at the Theatre Sarah-Bernhardt and she played the Regina role as well. Hellman was displeased with the production, although the translation was approved by scholars selected by Hellman, Signorets memoirs, Nostalgia Isnt What It Used To Be, were published in 1978. She also wrote a novel, Adieu Volodya, published in 1985, Signoret first married filmmaker Yves Allégret, with whom she had a daughter Catherine Allégret, herself an actress. Her second marriage was to the Italian-born French actor Yves Montand in 1951, Signoret died of pancreatic cancer in Autheuil-Authouillet, France, aged 64. She was buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris and Yves Montand was later buried next to her, the play charted the deteriorating relationship between Signoret and Marilyn Monroe during the filming of Lets Make Love. Unable to achieve the recognition of Oscar-winning Signoret, Monroe begins an affair with Signorets husband, singer Nina Simone took her last name from Simone Signoret
38.
Room at the Top (1959 film)
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Room at the Top is a 1959 British film based on the novel of the same name by John Braine. The novel was adapted by Neil Paterson with uncredited work by Mordecai Richler and it was directed by Jack Clayton and produced by John and James Woolf. The film stars Laurence Harvey, Simone Signoret, Heather Sears, Donald Wolfit, Donald Houston, room at the Top was widely lauded, and was nominated for six Academy Awards, winning Best Actress for Signoret and Best Adapted Screenplay for Paterson. Its other nominations included Best Picture, Best Director for Clayton, Best Actor for Harvey, baddeleys performance, consisting of 2 minutes and 32 seconds of screen time, became the shortest ever to be nominated for an acting Oscar. Determined to succeed, and ignoring the warnings of a colleague, Soames, he pursues Susan Brown, daughter of the industrial magnate. Mr and Mrs Brown deal with Joes social climbing by sending Susan abroad, Joe turns for solace to Alice Aisgill, an unhappily married older woman. Meanwhile, Joe and Susan, who has returned from abroad, meet again, Susan gets pregnant and her parents now insist that Susan and Joe quickly marry, forcing Joe to give Alice up. The heartbroken Alice gets drunk, crashes her car and dies, there are some differences from Braines novel. His friend Charlie Soames, whom he meets at Warnley in the film, is a friend from his hometown Dufton in the novel, also, Warnley is called Warley in the book. More emphasis is paid to his lodging at Mrs Thompsons, which in the novel he has arranged beforehand and it also serves as a metaphor for Lamptons ambition to rise in the world. Producer James Woolf bought the rights to the novel, originally intending to cast Stewart Granger. Vivien Leigh was originally offered the part of Alice, in which Simone Signoret was eventually cast and he hired Jack Clayton as director after seeing The Bespoke Overcoat, a short, on which John Woolf had worked and their film company had produced. Room at the Top is thought to be the first of the British New Wave of Kitchen sink realism film dramas and it was filmed at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, with extensive location work in Halifax, Yorkshire, which stood in for the fictional towns of Warnley and Dufton. Some scenes were filmed in Bradford, notably with Joe travelling on a bus and spotting Susan in a lingerie shop. Room at the Top was followed by a sequel in 1965 called Life at the Top, the film was critically acclaimed and marked the beginning of Jack Claytons career as an important director. It became the third most popular film at the British box office in 1959 after Carry On Nurse, wins Best Actress in a Leading Role Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium. Room at the Top in the British Film Institutes Explore film
39.
Greer Garson
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A major star at MGM during the 1940s, Garson received seven Academy Award nominations, including a record five consecutive nominations, winning the Best Actress award for Mrs. Miniver. Greer Garson was born on 29 September 1904 in Manor Park, East Ham, London and, the child of Nina and George Garson. Her father was born in London, to Scottish parents, and her mother was from Drumaloor, Casar, County Down, the name Greer is a contraction of MacGregor, another family name. David Greer lived in a detached house built on the lower part of what was known as Pig Street or known locally as the Back Way near Shillidays builders yard. The house was called Claremount and today the street is named Claremount Avenue and it was often reported that Garson was born in this house. She had intended to become a teacher, but instead began working with an advertising agency, Greer Garsons early professional appearances were on stage, starting at Birmingham Repertory Theatre in January 1932. She appeared on television during its earliest years, most notably starring in a 30-minute production of an excerpt of Twelfth Night in May 1937, with Dorothy Black. These live transmissions were part of the BBCs experimental service from Alexandra Palace, louis B. Mayer discovered Garson while he was in London looking for new talent. Garson was signed to a contract with MGM in late 1937 and she received her first Oscar nomination for the role, but lost to Vivien Leigh for Gone with the Wind. She received critical acclaim the next year for her role as Elizabeth Bennet in the 1940 film, Pride, Garson won the Academy Award for Best Actress in 1942 for her role as a strong British wife and mother in the middle of World War II in Mrs. Miniver. She was also nominated for Madame Curie, Mrs. Parkington, Garson was partnered with Clark Gable, after his return from war service, in Adventure. The film was advertised with the catch-phrase Gables back and Garsons got him, Gable argued for He put the Arson in Garson, she countered She put the Able in Gable. Thereafter, the catchphrase was selected. Garsons popularity declined somewhat in the late 1940s, but she remained a prominent film star until the mid-1950s, in 1951, she became a naturalised citizen of the United States. She made only a few films after her MGM contract expired in 1954, in 1958, she received a warm reception on Broadway in Auntie Mame, replacing Rosalind Russell, who had gone to Hollywood to make the film version. In 1960, Garson received her seventh and final Oscar nomination for Sunrise at Campobello, in which she played Eleanor Roosevelt, Greer was special guest on an episode of the TV series Father Knows Best, playing herself. On 4 October 1956, Garson appeared with Reginald Gardiner as the first two guest stars of the series, in the premiere of NBCs The Ford Show, Starring Tennessee Ernie Ford. Garson appeared as a mystery guest on Whats My Line on 25 October 1953 and she was a panelist on the 12 May 1957 episode
40.
Sunrise at Campobello
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Sunrise at Campobello is a 1960 Warner Bros. Based on Dore Scharys Tony Award-winning Broadway play of the same name, the film was produced with the cooperation of the Roosevelt family. Eleanor Roosevelt was present on the set during shooting at the Roosevelt estate in Hyde Park. The film begins at the Roosevelt familys summer home on Campobello Island, New Brunswick, Canada, Franklin D. Roosevelt is depicted in early scenes as vigorously athletic, enjoying games with his children and sailing his boat. He is suddenly stricken with fever and then paralysis, subsequent scenes focus on the ensuing conflict in the following weeks between the bedridden FDR, his wife Eleanor, his mother Sara, and his close political adviser Louis Howe over FDRs future. A later scene portrays FDR literally dragging himself up the stairs as, through grit and determination, he strives to overcome his physical limitations. Sunrise at Campobello presents events that took place four years, from August 1921 to July 1924. Before and during Franklin D. Roosevelts presidency, the extent of his disability was minimized, sunrise at Campobello depicts the debilitating effects of FDRs paralytic illness to a greater extent than had been previously disclosed by the media. FDRs attending physician, Dr. William Keen, believed it was polio and you have been a rare wife and have borne your heavy burden most bravely, he said, proclaiming her one of my heroines. Greer Garson won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama, the film was also entered into the 2nd Moscow International Film Festival
41.
Eleanor Roosevelt
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Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was an American politician, diplomat, and activist. President Harry S. Truman later called her the First Lady of the World in tribute to her human rights achievements, Roosevelt was a member of the prominent American Roosevelt and Livingston families and a niece of President Theodore Roosevelt. She had a childhood, having suffered the deaths of both parents and one of her brothers at a young age. At 15, she attended Allenwood Academy in London and was influenced by its feminist headmistress Marie Souvestre. Returning to the U. S. she married her fifth cousin once removed, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, though widely respected in her later years, Roosevelt was a controversial First Lady at the time for her outspokenness, particularly her stance on racial issues. On a few occasions, she disagreed with her husbands policies. She launched a community at Arthurdale, West Virginia, for the families of unemployed miners. She advocated for expanded roles for women in the workplace, the rights of African Americans and Asian Americans. Following her husbands death in 1945, Roosevelt remained active in politics for the remaining 17 years of her life and she pressed the United States to join and support the United Nations and became its first delegate. She served as the first chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights, later she chaired the John F. Kennedy administrations Presidential Commission on the Status of Women. By the time of her death, Roosevelt was regarded as one of the most esteemed women in the world, in 1999, she was ranked ninth in the top ten of Gallups List of Most Widely Admired People of the 20th Century. Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born in 1884 at 56 West 37th Street in Manhattan, New York City, to socialites Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt, from an early age, she preferred to be called by her middle name, Eleanor. Through her father, she was a niece of President Theodore Roosevelt, through her mother, she was a niece of tennis champions Valentine Gill Vallie Hall III and Edward Ludlow Hall. Her mother nicknamed her Granny because she acted in such a manner as a child. Her mother was somewhat ashamed of Eleanors plainness. Eleanor had two brothers, Elliott Jr. and Gracie Hall Roosevelt, usually called Hall. She also had a brother, Elliott Roosevelt Mann, through her fathers affair with Katy Mann. Roosevelt was born into a world of wealth and privilege
42.
Geraldine Page
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Geraldine Sue Page was an American film, television and stage actress. Page made her Broadway debut in 1953 and went on to receive Tony Award nominations for Sweet Bird of Youth, Absurd Person Singular, Agnes of God and she was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame in 1983. Page was born in Kirksville, Missouri and she was the daughter of Edna Pearl and Leon Elwin Page, who worked at Andrew Taylor Still College of Osteopathy and Surgery. He was an author whose works included Practical Anatomy, Osteopathic Fundamentals and she had a younger brother, Frederick. After graduating from Chicagos Englewood Technical Prep Academy in Chicago, Illinois, she attended the Goodman School of Drama in Chicago, Page was a trained method actor and worked closely with Lee Strasberg. She began appearing in theatre at age 17. Her appearance as Alma in the 1952 production of Summer and Smoke, written by Tennessee Williams and her work continued on Broadway as the spinster in the 1954–1955 production of The Rainmaker, written by N. She earned critical accolades for her performance in the 1959 production of Williamss Sweet Bird of Youth opposite Paul Newman. She originated the role of a larger-than-life, addicted, sexually voracious Hollywood legend trying to extinguish her fears about her career with a hustler named Chance Wayne. For her performance, Page received her first nomination for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play and she and Newman later starred in the film adaptation of the same name and Page earned a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress for the film. In 1964, she starred in a Broadway revival of Anton Chekhovs Three Sisters playing eldest sister Olga to Kim Stanleys Masha with Shelley Winters as the interloper Natasha, both Shirley Knight and Sandy Dennis played the youngest sister Irina at different stages in this production. It was directed by Lee Strasberg, in 1967, Page starred in Peter Shaffers Black Comedy/White Lies, a production which also included Michael Crawford and Lynn Redgrave who were making their Broadway debuts. Page received a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for the 1975 production of Alan Ayckbourns Absurd Person Singular with Sandy Dennis and Richard Kiley. Page also starred as Zelda Fitzgerald in the last major Broadway production of a Williams play, Clothes for a Summer Hotel, in 1973, she played Mary Todd Lincoln opposite Maya Angelou in the Broadway production of the two-character play Look Away, written by Jerome Kilty. In 1983, Page was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame and this became the Mirror Theater Ltd with its repertory program the Mirror Repertory, and Geraldine accepted the role of Founding Artist in Residence. Vivat Regina. by Robert Bolt, Clarence by Booth Tarkington and she also appeared in The Circle by W. Somerset Maugham. It was during production that she received the Academy Award for Best Actress for The Trip to Bountiful. She received the award from F. Murray Abraham, who, after winning his Oscar for Amadeus, after winning an Academy Award in 1986, Page returned to Broadway in a revival of Noël Cowards Blithe Spirit as Madame Arcati
43.
Anne Bancroft
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Anna Maria Louisa Italiano, known professionally as Anne Bancroft, was an American actress associated with the method acting school, having studied under Lee Strasberg. Respected for her acting prowess and versatility, Bancroft was acknowledged for her work in film, theatre and she won one Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, two Golden Globes, two Tony Awards and two Emmy Awards, and several other awards and nominations. She won both an Oscar for her work in the film, and a Tony for the role in the play. On Broadway in 1965, she played a medieval nun obsessed with a priest in John Whitings play The Devils and she was perhaps best known as the seductress, Mrs. Robinson, in The Graduate, a role that she later stated had come to overshadow her other work. Bancroft received several other Oscar nominations and continued in lead roles until the late 1980s, in 1987, she starred with Anthony Hopkins in 84 Charing Cross Road. In the 1990s she returned to supporting roles in films, and she received Emmy and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations, for The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone, as well as an Emmy nomination for 2001s Haven. Bancroft was born Anna Maria Louisa Italiano in the Bronx, New York, Bancrofts parents were both children of Italian immigrants. In an interview, she stated her family was originally from Muro Lucano and she was raised in the Belmont neighborhood of the Bronx, later moving to 1580 Zerega Ave. and graduated from Christopher Columbus High School in 1948. She later attended HB Studio, the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, the Actors Studio, after appearing in a number of live television dramas under the name Anne Marno, she was told to change her surname for her film debut in Dont Bother to Knock. In 1958, Bancroft made her Broadway debut as lovelorn, Bronx-accented Gittel Mosca opposite Henry Fonda in William Gibsons two-character play Two for the Seesaw, for Gittel, she won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play. She took the role to Hollywood, and won the Academy Award for Best Actress. She had returned to Broadway to star in Mother Courage and Her Children, so Joan Crawford accepted Bancrofts Oscar on her behalf, Bancroft is one of the few actors to have won an Academy Award and a Tony Award for the same role. Bancroft co-starred as a medieval nun obsessed with a priest in the 1965 Broadway production of John Whitings play The Devils, produced by Alexander H. Cohen and directed by Michael Cacoyannis, it ran for 63 performances. Bancroft received a second Academy Award nomination in 1965 for her performance in The Pumpkin Eater and her best-known role during this period was Mrs. Robinson in The Graduate, for which she received a third Academy Award nomination. In the film, she played a married woman who seduces a family friend. In the movie, Hoffmans character later dates and falls in love with her daughter, Bancroft was ambivalent about her appearance in The Graduate, she stated in several interviews that the role overshadowed all of her other work. Despite her character becoming an archetype of the older woman role, a CBS television special, Annie, the Women in the Life of a Man, won Bancroft an Emmy Award for her singing and acting. Bancroft is one of few entertainers to win an Oscar, an Emmy
44.
The Miracle Worker (1962 film)
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The Miracle Worker is a 1962 American biographical film about Anne Sullivan, blind tutor to Helen Keller, directed by Arthur Penn. The screenplay by William Gibson is based on his 1959 play of the same title, gibsons original source material was The Story of My Life, the 1902 autobiography of Helen Keller. The film went on to be an instant critical success and a commercial success. The film was nominated for five Academy Awards, including Best Director for Arthur Penn, the Miracle Worker also holds a perfect 100% score from the movie critics site Rotten Tomatoes. Unable to deal with her, her terrified and helpless parents contact the Perkins School for the Blind for assistance, in response they send Anne Sullivan, a former student, to the Keller home to tutor her. What ensues is a battle of wills as Anne breaks down Helens walls of silence and darkness through persistence, love, in the midst of the battle, Anne ultimately teaches Helen to make a connection between her hand signs and the objects in Helens word for which they stand. Anagnos Michael Darden as Percy Dale Ellen Bethea as Martha John Bliss as Admissions Officer Judith Lowry as 1st Crone William F and they offered to budget the film at $5 million if Elizabeth Taylor was cast but only $500,000 if director Arthur Penn insisted on using Bancroft. Penn, who had directed the production, remained loyal to his star. The move paid off, and Bancroft won an Oscar for her role in the film, also despite the fact that Patty Duke had played Helen Keller in the play, she almost did not get the part. The reason was that Duke,15 years old at the time, was too old to portray a seven-year-old girl, the nine-minute sequence required three cameras and took five days to film. The film was shot at Big Sky Ranch in Simi Valley, California and Middletown and it was remade twice for television, in 1979 with Patty Duke as Anne and Melissa Gilbert as Helen and in 2000 with Alison Elliott and Hallie Kate Eisenberg in the lead roles. The film ranked #15 on AFIs 100 Years.100 Cheers, but because the physical encounters between the two. The bruising encounters between the two, are intensely significant of the drama and do excite strong emotional response. This is the disadvantage of so much energy, however, Miss Bancrofts performance does bring to life and reveal a wondrous woman with great humor and compassion as well as athletic skill. And little Miss Duke, in moments when she frantically pantomimes her bewilderment. TV Guide rates the film 4½ out of a five stars and calls it a harrowing, painfully honest, sometimes violent journey. Time Out London opined, Its a stunningly impressive piece of work, deriving much of its power from the performances
45.
Anne Sullivan
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Johanna Mansfield Sullivan Macy, better known as Anne Sullivan, was an American teacher, best known for being the instructor and lifelong companion of Helen Keller. At the age of five, she contracted trachoma, a highly contagious eye disease and she received her education as a student of the Perkins School for the Blind where upon graduation she became a teacher to Keller when she was 20. Sullivan was born on May 26,1866, in Feeding Hills, Agawam, according to her baptismal certificate, her name at birth was Johanna Mansfield Sullivan, however, she was called Anne or Annie from birth. She was the oldest child of Thomas and Alice Sullivan and her parents were illiterate, unskilled, and impoverished immigrants who came to the United States from County Limerick, Ireland, during the Great Famine. When she was five years old she contracted a bacterial eye disease known as trachoma. When she was eight, her mother died and her father abandoned the two years later for fear he could not raise them on his own. She and her brother, James, were sent to an overcrowded almshouse in Tewksbury. Jimmie suffered from a hip ailment and died two to three months into their stay. Sullivan remained at the Tewksbury house for four years after his death, Sullivan lost her sight at a young age and therefore had no skills in reading, writing, or sewing and the only work she could find was as a housemaid, however, this position was unsuccessful. Another blind resident staying at the Tewksbury almshouse told her of schools for the blind, although her rough manners made her first years at Perkins humiliating for her, she managed to connect with a few teachers and made progress with her learning. While there, she befriended and learned the alphabet from Laura Bridgman, a graduate of Perkins. Also while there, she had a series of eye operations that significantly improved her vision, in June 1886, she graduated at age 20 as the valedictorian of her class. She stated, Fellow-graduates, duty bids us go forth into active life, let us go cheerfully, hopefully, and earnestly, and set ourselves to find our especial part. When we have found it, willingly and faithfully perform it, anagnos immediately recommended Sullivan for this position and she began her work on March 3,1887 at the Kellers home in Tuscumbia, Alabama. As soon as she arrived there, she argued with Helens parents about the Civil War, however she also quickly connected with Helen. It was the beginning of a 49-year relationship, Sullivan evolved from teacher to governess and finally to companion, Sullivans curriculum involved a strict schedule with constant introduction of new vocabulary words, however, Sullivan quickly changed her teachings after seeing they did not suit Keller. Sullivan strongly encouraged Helens parents to send her to the Perkins School where she could have an appropriate education, when they agreed, Sullivan took Keller to Boston in 1888 and stayed with her there. Sullivan continued to teach her bright protégée, who became famous for her remarkable progress
46.
Patricia Neal
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Patsy Louise Patricia Neal was an American actress of stage and screen. She played Olivia Walton in the 1971 made-for-television film The Homecoming, A Christmas Story, patsy Louise Neal was born in Packard, Whitley County, Kentucky, to William Burdette Neal and Eura Mildred Neal. She grew up in Knoxville, Tennessee, where she attended Knoxville High School, at Northwestern, she was crowned Syllabus Queen in a campus-wide beauty pageant. Neal gained her first job in New York as an understudy in the Broadway production of the John Van Druten play The Voice of the Turtle. Next she appeared in Lillian Hellmans Another Part of the Forest, winning the 1947 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play, Neal made her film debut in John Loves Mary, followed by a role with Ronald Reagan in The Hasty Heart, and then The Fountainhead. The shooting of the last film coincided with her affair with her married co-star, Gary Cooper, Neal starred with John Garfield in The Breaking Point, in The Day the Earth Stood Still with Michael Rennie and in Operation Pacific starring John Wayne. In 1955, she starred in Edith Sommers A Roomful of Roses, while in New York, Neal became a member of the Actors Studio. Neal won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in Hud, Neal was reunited with John Wayne in Otto Premingers In Harms Way, winning her second BAFTA Award. Her next film was The Subject Was Roses, for which she was nominated for an Academy Award, Neal played a dying widowed mother trying to find a home for her three children in a 1975 episode of NBCs Little House on the Prairie. She was a subject of the British television show This Is Your Life in 1978 when she was surprised by Eamonn Andrews at a party on Londons Park Lane. Neal played the role in Robert Altmans movie Cookies Fortune. In 2003, Neal was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame, in the same year as the films release, Neal received one of two annually-presented Lifetime Achievement Awards at the SunDeis Film Festival in Waltham, Massachusetts. Having won a Tony Award in their year and eventually becoming the last surviving winner from that first ceremony. In April 2009, Neal received an achievement award from WorldFest Houston on the occasion of the debut of her film. Neal was an actress with Philip Langners Theatre at Sea/Sail With the Stars productions with the Theatre Guild. In her final years she appeared in a number of health-care videos, during the filming of The Fountainhead, Neal began an affair with her married co-star, Gary Cooper, whom she had met in 1947 when she was 21 and he was 46. At one point in their relationship, Cooper slapped Neal in the face after he caught Kirk Douglas trying to seduce her, a few months later, Neal hoped that tempers would cool while she went to London, England, to film The Hasty Heart, starring Ronald Reagan. Reagan was unhappy over his breakup with Jane Wyman, adding to what would be a shoot for Neal
47.
Hud (1963 film)
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Hud is a 1963 Western film directed by Martin Ritt and starring Paul Newman, Melvyn Douglas and Patricia Neal. It was produced by Ritt and Newmans recently founded company, Salem Productions, Hud was filmed on location on the Texas Panhandle and in Claude, Texas. Its screenplay was by Irving Ravetch and Harriet Frank, Jr. and was based on Larry McMurtrys 1961 novel, Horseman, the films title character, Hud Bannon, was a minor character in the original screenplay but was reworked as the lead role. With its main character an antihero, Hud was later described as a revisionist Western, Lonnie, Homers grandson and Huds nephew, is caught in the conflict and forced to choose which character to follow. Hud premiered at the Venice International Film Festival, and was a critical and commercial success at its general release, Howes use of contrast to create space and his selection of black-and-white was favored by critics. In later reviews, the film received additional praise, Hud Bannon is ambitious and self-centered, the opposite of his deeply principled rancher father Homer. Also living on the Bannon ranch is Huds teenage nephew, Lonnie, Lonnie and Hud are attracted to the Bannons housekeeper, Alma. Although she is attracted to Hud, Alma keeps her distance because she has mistreated in the past by men like him. After the sudden, inexplicable death of a cow on the ranch, at the dead animal, Hud shoots several buzzards to scare the flock away against his fathers protestations that they keep the land clean and shooting them is illegal. Hud states his immunity to laws that inconvenience him, setting the tone of his overall demeanor and he blames his father for not realizing that the cheap Mexican cattle were sick before he bought them. Adhering to his principles, Homer ignores Huds idea and waits for the veterinarian, upon his arrival, the state veterinarian immediately issues a legally binding State Livestock Transfer Order directing the quarantine of the ranch for a possible foot-and-mouth disease outbreak. This freezes the movement of all livestock to or from the Bannon ranch, aware of the possibility of bankruptcy to the ranch, Homer nevertheless complies. One night, Hud takes Lonnie out and they prevail in a barroom brawl. Back at the ranch he reflects on the past, revealing his feelings about his brother Normans death, when they enter the house Homer confronts Hud, accusing his son of trying to corrupt Lonnie. They argue, with Hud accusing Homer of hypocrisy and resentment of him for Normans death, Homer replies that his disappointment in Hud began before the accident, Hud cares about no one but himself, and is not fit to live with. Hurt and angry, Hud retorts My mama loved me, when Lonnie tells Homer that he was too harsh and other people act like him, Homer replies that one day he will have to decide for himself what is right and wrong. After learning from Lonnie that Hud is trying to seize the ranch, infuriated by his eroded inheritance, Hud threatens to have Homer declared legally incompetent so he can take over the ranch. Homer tells his son he will lose and he admits that he made mistakes raising Hud, and was too hard on him
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