Natural law is a philosophical and legal theory that posits the existence of inherent laws derived from nature and universal moral principles that are discoverable through reason. In ethics, natural l
Thomas Aquinas, whose integration of Aristotelian philosophy with Christian theology established the foundational principles of natural law, influencing Western concepts of justice and ethics
Plato (left) and Aristotle (right), a detail of The School of Athens, a fresco by Raphael
Thomas Aquinas was an Italian Dominican friar and priest, theologian, and philosopher. He is considered one of the most influential thinkers in the history of Catholic theology and Western philosophy.
Natural law
…in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, and were later expounded upon in the Middle Ages by Christian philosophers such as Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas. The School of Salamanca made notable contributions to natural law theory during the Renaissance. Although the central ideas of natural law had been…
Panel of a 15th-century altarpiece
Castle of Monte San Giovanni Campano
Thomas is girded by angels with a mystical belt of purity after his proof of chastity. Painting by Diego Velázquez.
The Virgin Mary with s. Paul and s. Thomas Aquinas (altarpiece portable to triptych, to tempera on wood, work by Bernardo Daddi, c. 1330). The Virgin Mary holds in her hand a text that contains the first words of the Magnificat, while Thomas, author of one of the most important medieval commentaries on the Pauline epistolary, holds one of his works in his hand.