The apartheid system in South Africa was ended through a series of bilateral and multi-party negotiations between 1990 and 1993. The negotiations culminated in the passage of a new interim Constitutio
F. W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela in July 1993, near the close of negotiations, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania wait to jointly receive the Liberty Medal.
Gatsha Buthelezi
South African President F. W. de Klerk in May 1990.
De Klerk and Mandela at the World Economic Forum in January 1992, shortly after CODESA I.
The African National Congress has been the governing party of the Republic of South Africa since 1994. The ANC was founded on 8 January 1912 in Waaihoek Wesleyan Church, Bloemfontein and is the oldest
John Dube, the founding President of the SANNC.
Nelson Mandela burns his passbook.
Robert Sobukwe leads a march to Orlando police station, where he turned himself in for refusing to carry his passbook.
Southern Africa in 1973.