Nephroid
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In geometry, a nephroid is a specific plane curve. It is a type of epicycloid in which the smaller circle's radius differs from the larger one by a factor of one-half.
Nephroid caustic at bottom of tea cup
Curve
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In mathematics, a curve is an object similar to a line, but that does not have to be straight.
Nephroid
…an epicycloid with two cusps a plane simple closed curve = a Jordan curve If the small circle has radius a , the fixed circle has midpoint ( 0 , 0 ) and radius 2 a , the rolling angle of the small circle is 2 φ and point ( 2…
Megalithic art from Newgrange showing an early interest in curves
A dragon curve with a positive area