Neptunism
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Neptunism is a superseded scientific theory of geology proposed by the German geologist Abraham Gottlob Werner in the late 18th century, who proposed that rocks formed from the crystallisation of mine
Abraham Gottlob Werner (1749–1817), the founder of neptunism
Uniformitarianism
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Uniformitarianism, also known as the Doctrine of Uniformity or the Uniformitarian Principle, is the assumption that the same natural laws and processes that operate in our present-day scientific obser
Neptunism
…plutonism which gave a significant role to volcanic origins, and which in modified form replaced neptunism in the early 19th century as the principle of uniformitarianism was shown to fit better with the geological facts as they became better known. Modern geology acknowledges many different forms of rock formation, and…
Hutton's Unconformity at Jedburgh. Above: John Clerk of Eldin's 1787 illustration. Below: 2003 photograph.
Cliff at the east of Siccar Point in Berwickshire, showing the gently tilting red sandstone layers above vertically tilted greywacke rocks
Charles Lyell at the British Association meeting in Glasgow 1840