The Network Time Protocol is a networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. In operation since before 1985, NTP is one o
NTP was designed by David L. Mills.
The U.S. Naval Observatory Alternate Master Clock at Schriever AFB (Colorado) is a stratum 0 source for NTP.
An atomic clock is a clock that measures time by monitoring the resonant frequency of atoms. It is based on the fact that atoms have quantised energy levels, and transitions between such levels are dr
Network Time Protocol
…stratum 2 time sources. Brief descriptions of strata 0, 1, 2 and 3 are provided below. Stratum 0 These are high-precision timekeeping devices such as atomic clocks, GNSS (including GPS) or other radio clocks, or PTP-synchronized clocks. They generate a very accurate pulse per second signal that triggers an interrupt…
NIST physicists Steve Jefferts (foreground) and Tom Heavner with the NIST-F2 caesium fountain atomic clock, a civilian time standard for the United States
The master atomic clock ensemble at the U.S. Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C., which provides the time standard for the U.S. Department of Defense. The rack-mounted units in the background are HP 5071A caesium beam clocks. The black units in the foreground are Sigma-Tau MHM-2010 hydrogen maser standards.
Louis Essen (right) and Jack Parry (left) standing next to the world's first caesium-133 atomic clock in 1955, at the National Physical Laboratory in west London, England.
A caesium atomic clock from 1975 (upper unit) and battery backup (lower unit)