1.
New Jersey Department of Transportation
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It is headed by the Commissioner of Transportation. The present Commissioner is Richard T. Hammer, who was appointed in October 2015, the agency that became NJDOT began as the New Jersey State Highway Department circa 1920. NJDOT was established in 1966 as the first State transportation agency in the United States, the Transportation Act of 1966 established the NJDOT on December 12,1966. In 1979, with the establishment of New Jersey Transit, NJDOTs rail division was folded into the new agency, until 2003, the NJDOT included the Division of Motor Vehicles, which was reorganized as the self-operating New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission. Since the late 1970s, NJDOT has been phasing out or modifying many traffic circles in New Jersey, david J. Goldberg, 1966-1970 John C. Most major highways including Interstate, U. S. NJDOT develops interim and long-term plans and strategic policy on freight and shipping in and these intermodal policies cover trucking, rail, maritime and air freight. The Transportation Capital Program and the Statewide Transportation Improvement Program allocate state and federal funding, including projected projects. Assistance to local communities and grants for transportation-related projects, such as transit villages and this is refer to technical planning, development, design and research for projects. During 1976 NJDOT took control of rail routes operated by the Penn Central, Erie Lackawanna, CNJ. In 1979 New Jersey Transit assumed responsibilities for passenger rail in New Jersey, NJDOT is a member of the Northeast Corridor Commission. Roads portal New Jersey portal New Jersey Department of Transportation, official website NJDOT Commissioner profile
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County Route 526 (New Jersey)
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County Route 526, abbreviated CR526, is a county highway in the U. S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends 35.56 miles from Hightstown Road in West Windsor Township to Lanes Mill Road in Lakewood Township, despite the official ending at County Route 571 in West Windsor, most signs show it concurrent with 571 to its end at state Route 27 in Princeton. CR526 officially begins at an intersection with CR571 in West Windsor Township, Mercer County, although the official western terminus is here, signage for CR526 continues northwest along CR571 to Route 27 in Princeton. From CR571, the passes through residential subdivisions, curving east. The road crosses CR644 and continues south, with the center line narrowing past the New Village Road intersection, CR526 intersects CR535 and CR641, turning west for a brief concurrency with CR535 on Old Trenton Road before heading south on Robbinsville Road. The route into agricultural areas and enters Robbinsville Township, eventually heading into a mix of farms, woods, farther south, the road passes through housing subdivisions before turning southeast for a brief concurrency with Route 33 prior to following Robbinsville-Allentown Road. Here, CR526 passes businesses and crosses a railroad line before coming to US130. The route turns northeast for a concurrency with US130 on a four-lane divided highway before resuming east on two-lane undivided Robbinsville-Allentown Road. The road curves south and then southeast as it heads into residential areas, CR526 passes over the New Jersey Turnpike before turning south near warehouses and coming to an interchange with I-195. South of this interchange, the route heads through a mix of farmland and woodland, CR526 continues into Allentown in Monmouth County and passes homes before it forms a short concurrency with CR524 and CR539 on Main Street. From this point, the route continues east through residential areas on Waker Avenue, in this area, the road passes farms to the north and homes to the south as it intersects CR526 Spur. The route passes agricultural areas to the north and woodland to the south before running through a mix of farms, woods, the road passes Red Valley Lake and heads into Millstone Township, becoming Trenton-Lakewood Road and turning to the northeast. CR526 passes over I-195 and curves east into wooded areas before intersecting CR571 again in developed areas. At this point, CR526 turns south to run concurrent with CR571, the road passes through more wooded areas of development, with the forests becoming more dense as the route comes to CR527. At this intersection, CR526 becomes East Commodore Boulevard and passes more forested areas of homes before briefly joining CR638. The road passes wooded areas with some farms and development. CR526 heads southeast into increasing residential and commercial development as it widens into a divided highway with jughandles as it approaches the CR636 junction. The road heads into more residential surroundings as it fully enters Lakewood Township, intersecting CR639 before curving to the east, past this intersection, CR526 narrows to two lanes and passes more homes as it heads to the CR547 junction
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County Route 571 (New Jersey)
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County Route 571, abbreviated CR571, is a county highway in the U. S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends 44.06 miles from Route 37 in Toms River Township to Route 27 in Princeton, though it is designated a north–south county route by the New Jersey Department of Transportation, it is signed both as north–south and east–west inconsistently. CR571 begins at an intersection with Route 37 in Toms River, Ocean County, the road continues north through business areas, with the median turning into a center left-turn lane. The routes turn northwest through residential and commercial areas along with some marshland from the adjacent Barnegat Bay to the east, with alternating segments of median, CR571 splits from CR549 Spur by heading west onto two-lane undivided Bay Avenue into areas of homes. The road intersects CR627 before turning more to the northwest, the route widens into a divided highway as it passes the Ocean County Mall and intersects CR549 at an at-grade cloverleaf interchange. After crossing CR623, the road becomes three lanes, with two lanes and one eastbound lane, as it heads northwest past more businesses on Indian Head Road. The route runs west near a few homes before passing under the Garden State Parkway, CR571 becomes four lanes at this point and passes residences to the north and a shopping center to the south prior to intersecting CR527. CR571 turns northwest to join CR527 on Whitesville Road, CR527 splits from CR571 by turning north, and CR571 continues northwest along Toms River Road, entering Manchester Township. The road continues through forested development as it comes to the Route 70 junction, at this point, the route narrows to two lanes and passes through more wooded areas with occasional residences, crossing Conrail Shared Assets Operations Southern Secondary line. CR571 crosses CR547 before heading into Jackson Township, the route runs through forested areas of the Pine Barrens with intermittent residential development for several miles, eventually turning north and coming to the junction with CR528. The road becomes Cassville Road at this intersection and passes Cassville Lake as it comes to the CR638 intersection, CR571 continues north past more wooded areas of homes before coming to an intersection with CR526. At this point, CR526 turns north to form a concurrency with CR571, CR571 heads north along Millstone Road and comes to the junction with CR524. Here, the route turns west to join CR524 on Stage Coach Road, the routes make a sharp turn to the southwest before CR571 splits from CR524 by heading north on Rising Sun Tavern Road. The route runs through forests with some homes and farms, curving to the northwest and entering Roosevelt, CR571 turns north onto South Rochdale Avenue and passes more residences. The route crosses back into Millstone Township and heads into areas of farmland and woodland, CR571 enters East Windsor Township in Mercer County and becomes Etra Road in the community of Etra, as it continues through a mix of farms, woods, and homes. The route turns north before curving northwest near Etra Lake and passing over the New Jersey Turnpike, the road heads west into Hightstown and passes homes before reaching an intersection with CR539. CR571 turns north to follow CR539 on South Main Street at this point, upon reaching the commercial downtown of Hightstown, northbound CR 539/CR571 join Route 33 as it merges from Mercer Street onto Main Street. CR571 then leaves the concurrency by turning to the west on Stockton Street, the route passes more residences, the Stockton Street Historic District, before crossing back into East Windsor Township and intersecting US130
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West Windsor, New Jersey
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West Windsor Township is a township in Mercer County, New Jersey, in the United States. West Windsor Township was established by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 9,1797, the Borough of Princeton was formed from portions of the township on February 11,1813. The USPS Princeton post office facility is located within West Windsor, a portion of Princeton University covering 400 acres south of Lake Carnegie is located in West Windsor Township. In 2015, Forbes listed West Windsor as the 15th most affluent neighborhood in the U. S, the first known European activity in the area now known as West Windsor Township dates to 1634, during the exploration of Captain Thomas Yong. Yong was an Englishman, who traded with the native Lenni Lenape population. The region was claimed for European settlement under the 1682 William Penn treaties. In 1797, West Windsor was created and held parts of Princeton within its boundaries. Following the 1838 formation of Mercer County, West Windsors borders were redefined in 1855 to reflect the townships current 26.84 square miles. The town contained within it six small villages whose names & locations are still identifiable and/or in use in contemporary times, grovers Mill in West Windsor was the site Orson Welles chose for the Martian invasion in his infamous 1938 radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds. During the later part of the 20th century the town underwent dramatic changes, the West Windsor post office was found to be infected with anthrax during the anthrax attacks in 2001-2002. In April 2002, a memorial was dedicated to the seven residents of West Windsor who lost their lives in the September 11 terrorist attacks. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had an area of 26.271 square miles. Princeton Junction is a community and census-designated place located within West Windsor. AOL/NeighborhoodScout named West Windsor in 2009 as the best neighborhood to raise children because of its district, prevailing family type. As of the census of 2010, there were 27,165 people,9,449 households, the population density was 1,062.6 per square mile. There were 9,810 housing units at a density of 383.7 per square mile. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4. 47% of the population,16. 7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the family size was 3.23
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Mercer County, New Jersey
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Mercer County is a county located in the U. S. state of New Jersey. Its county seat is Trenton, the state capital, as of the 2016 Census estimate, the countys population was 371,023, making it the states 12th-most populous county, an increase of 1. The county was formed by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 22,1838, from portions of Burlington County, Hunterdon County, the old Keith Line bisects the county and is the boundary between municipalities that previously had been separated into West Jersey and East Jersey. It was named for Continental Army General Hugh Mercer, who died as a result of wounds received at the Battle of Princeton on January 3,1777. The Mercer Oak, against which the dying general rested as his men continued to fight, appears on the county seal and stood for 250 years until it collapsed in 2000. Founded February 22,1838, from portions of surrounding counties, on the night of December 25–26,1776, General George Washington led American forces across the Delaware River to attack the Hessian barracks in Trenton on the morning of December 26. Following the battle, Washington crossed back to Pennsylvania and he crossed a third time in a surprise attack on the forces of General Charles Cornwallis at the Second Battle of Trenton on January 2,1777, and at the Battle of Princeton on January 3. The successful attacks built morale among the pro-independence colonists, Mercer County has the distinction of being the famed landing spot for a fictional Martian invasion of the United States. In 1938, in what has one of the most famous American radio plays of all time. His imaginary aliens first landed at what is now West Windsor Township, a commemorative monument is erected at Grovers Mill park. There were 27 Mercer County residents killed during the September 11,2001 terrorist attacks in Lower Manhattan. A 10-foot long steel beam weighing one ton was given to the county by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey in March 2011 and is now displayed at Mercer County Park. According to the 2010 Census, the county had an area of 228.89 square miles. The county is flat and low-lying on the inner coastal plain with a few hills closer to the Delaware River. Baldpate Mountain, near Pennington, is the highest hill, at 480 feet above sea level, the lowest point is at sea level along the Delaware. The population density was 1,632.2 per square mile, there were 143,169 housing units at an average density of 637.6 per square mile. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15. 09% of the population,26. 9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the family size was 3.16
6.
State highways in New Jersey
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In the U. S. state of New Jersey, the New Jersey Department of Transportation maintains a system of state highways. Every significant section of roadway maintained by the state is assigned a number, officially State Highway Route X but commonly called Route X by the NJDOT and the general public. Highways are included in the system, and are also called Route X. State Routes are signed with the circular highway shield. The majority of Routes are maintained by the state, but occasionally, for the sake of continuity, major routes are typically assigned one- or two-digit numbers, except where the numbers were chosen to match an adjacent state. Most numbers from 1 to 50 follow a general geographic pattern assigned in 1927, the only suffixed routes other than U. S. Route 9W are short unmarked connections such as Route 76C, an elongated ramp to Interstate 76. The only special route is Route 33 Business, U. S. Route 1 Business. A statewide system of county highways is numbered by the NJDOT in the 500-599 range. All counties but two – Bergen and Monmouth – number their other county routes beginning at 600, County routes in Bergen County range from 2 to 134, those in Monmouth County range from 1 to 57. Ocean County also has a system of county routes with numbers ranging from 3 to 111 in addition to those beginning with 600. The initial system of highways was legislated in 1916. By 1922, the routes were marked, U. S. Route numbers were added to some of the main routes in 1927. Every state highway, even those parts of U. S. Routes, was assigned a number. Some short routes were assigned prefixes of S, for instance, one prefixed and suffixed route - Route S4A - was also defined as a second spur of Route 4. As the system grew, some numbers beyond 50 were used, on January 1,1953, the second renumbering was implemented. Some routes were shortened to remove concurrencies, while others, like Route 25, numbers from 53 to 93 were assigned to renumbered routes, while shorter ones received numbers from 152 to 165. The two planned toll roads — the Garden State Parkway and New Jersey Turnpike - received only those names, the majority of new numbers assigned since the 1953 renumbering have been from 166 to 185, with some short routes instead receiving numbers based on their parents. Minimal disruption was caused by the assignment of Interstate Highway numbers in the late 1950s, in the 1990s, the majority of special U. S
7.
New Jersey Scenic Byways
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The New Jersey Scenic Byways system consists of roads in the U. S. state of New Jersey that have been recognized for their historical or natural qualities. The byway begins in Cape May Point, Cape May County, following CR629, CR606, CR626, Route 162, CR626, and Route 47. In Salem County, the byway follows CR623, CR658, CR624, CR625, CR661, Grieves Parkway, and South Front Street to Route 49 in Salem. At this point, a spur heads along Route 49, Freas Road, Supawna Road, Route 49, CR632, from Salem, the mainline continues along Route 49, Route 45, and CR540 to its northern terminus in Mannington Township. The Delaware River Scenic Byway follows Route 29 along the Delaware River between Trenton and Frenchtown and it provides scenic views of the Delaware River and passes through Washington Crossing State Park, Titusville, Lambertville, Stockton, and Raven Rock. This byway is part of the national program. The Millstone Valley Scenic Byway is a 25 mile historic scenic route located in the Millstone River Valley which lies in north central New Jersey. The byway offers a glimpse into the past where skirmishes between the militia and British troops played a key role in the American Revolutionary War. This byway has been designated by the National Scenic Byways Program of the Federal Highway Administration as of 2009, the route travels along County Route 533 on the west bank of the Millstone and County Route 603 on the rivers east side. The route loops back on the side at County Route 518. The Kingston Village Historic District and the Kingston Mill Historic District are both located in the area of Kingston. The Pine Barrens Byway consists of three routes run through the Pine Barrens in southern New Jersey. The northern route of the byway begins in Tuckerton in Ocean County and follows US9 and Stage Road into Burlington County, here, the Pine Barrens Byway splits into a longer northern loop and a shorter northern loop. The longer northern loop follows CR542 through Batsto into Mullica Township, the shorter northern loop follows CR563 into Mullica Township. The first leg of the loop begins at CR542 in Mullica Township, following CR643. From here, the leg of the northern loop follows CR563, CR624, Mill Street, Riverside Drive. US9, the Garden State Parkway into Burlington County, and US9 back to Tuckerton, the southern route of the byway begins in Corbin City, Atlantic County and follows CR611 and Route 50 into Tuckahoe, Cape May County. From here, the byway follows Route 49, CR632, and Route 49 to an intersection with CR548, where it splits into a southern loop
8.
New Jersey Route 63
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Route 63 is a short,3. 09-mile long state highway in Hudson and Bergen Counties in New Jersey. The route is known as Bergen Boulevard and concurrent with County Route 501 for most of its alignment, the southern terminus is at Kennedy Boulevard and County Route 501 in the community of North North Bergen. Route 63 originated in 1927 as the alignment of Route S1, the designated routes southern terminus was at Hudson County West Boulevard, northward to State Highway Route 1, State Highway Route 6 and U. S. The route had one suffixed spur, State Highway Route S-1-A and that day, Route S-1 was decommissioned and replaced by Route 63. Route 63 begins at an intersection between County Route 501 and Kennedy Boulevard in the community of North Bergen in Hudson County, after crossing into Bergen County, Routes 63 and 501 continue further, passing over County Route 48 on an overpass. Bergen Boulevard passes through the community for a distance, becoming a divided highway until an intersection with Cliff Street. At Cliff Street, the come back together, and the highway itself passes the Mount Moriah Cemetery near a large high-rise. Routes 63 and 501 continues northward, passing a set of tankers near the cemetery. There, the returns to the commercial-residential split it once was, continuing through Ridgefield. At an intersection with a connector to Route 5, Routes 63 and 501 fork, the two designated routes continue northward through the residential communities as Bergen Boulevard, entering the municipality of Palisades Park soon afterwards. Routes 63 and 501 continue northward, passing businesses and residenecs on its way to the terminus of Route 63 at an interchange with US 1-9. County Route 501 continues towards Route 93. The route began at the Hudson County West Boulevard, heading northbound to Ridgefield, both intersections are now the termini to Route 63. Also, the terminus was then defined as being in Fort Lee. State Highway Route S-1 remained intact for the two decades, and along with a suffixed spur, State Highway Route S-1-A, the two routes were thoroughfares through the southern Palisades. On January 1,1953, the New Jersey State Highway Department went ahead with a state highway renumbering. Route S-1 and its spur, Route S-1-A, were decommissioned in favor of new designations. State Highway Route S-1 became Route 63 while its suffixed spur became Route 67, Route 63 follows the same alignment as Route S-1 with no change in termini since the 1953 renumbering
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New Jersey Route 65
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Route 65 is a former state highway in the city of Newark, New Jersey. The route went for 4.12 miles along Port Street, Route 65 began at an intersection with U. S. Route 1 and 9 near Newark Liberty International Airport. S. Route 65 was originally planned in 1939 as a spur of Route 25, Route 25B, the route lasted for 14 years, until January 1,1953, when the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering occurred. Route 25B was decommissioned on that day, along with its parent route, Route 25, Route 25B was redesigned as Route 65, and was removed from the state highway system by 1963. The two roads are now maintained by the city of Newark, Route 65 began at an intersection with U. S. Route 1 and 9 in the area of Newark Liberty International Airport in the city of Newark. The route progressed eastward along Port Street, a highway for a short distance. The route crossed the road to the airport before crossing over the newly constructed New Jersey Turnpike south of Interchange 14. From there, Route 65 continued as Port Street but as one roadway into the districts in Newark. The route progressed further over a railroad before intersecting with Doremus Avenue, both Port Street and Doremus Avenue dead-end right after this respective intersection, Doremus Avenue to the south and Port Street to the east. From there, Route 65 headed northward along Doremus Avenue, crossing over the Newark Bay Extension just north of the intersection, the route continued through the industrial district, reaching higher in elevation on a bridge over the Central Railroad of New Jersey. From there, the route paralleled the turnpikes mainline along Doremus Avenue, at the intersection with Raymond Boulevard, Route 65 became a divided highway once again, terminating at an intersection with U. S. Route 1/9 Truck in the city of Newark. Route 65 was originally designated in 1939 as State Highway Route 25B, the route was then to commence along Port Street and Doremus Avenue to an intersection with State Highway Route 25T. Route 25B remained intact along the alignment of Port Street and Doremus Avenue until January 1,1953, on that day, the New Jersey State Highway Department renumbered routes in the state, and eliminated Route 25 entirely. Due to decommissioning of Route 25, Route 25B was renumbered to Route 65, Route 65 remained on the Port Street and Doremus Avenue alignment for a short time, and was completely eliminated from the state system by 1963. Port Street and Doremus Avenue are both now maintained by the city of Newark but both are of the National Highway System as of 2009, in 2001, the bridge over the CSAO line was reconstructed. The entire route was in Newark, Essex County, roads portal New Jersey portal New Jersey Route 158, another short-lived spur of Route 25 Moraeski, Dan
10.
State highway
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Depending on the state, state highway may be used for one meaning and state road or state route for the other. In some countries such as New Zealand, the state is used in its sense of a nation. By this meaning a state highway is a maintained and numbered by the national government rather than local authorities. Australias State Route system covers urban and inter-regional routes that are not included in the National Route or the National Highway systems and these routes are marked with a blue shield. Sometimes a state route may be formed when a national route is decommissioned. Most states and territories have introduced an alphanumeric numbering system. Brazil is another country that is divided into states and has state highways, canada is divided into provinces and territories, each of which maintains its own system of provincial or territorial highways. Canadas federal National Highway System is a dual system which includes the Trans-Canada Highway network. Italys Strade Statali extend for some 18,000 km, overseen by the Azienda Nazionale Autonoma delle Strade founded in 1946, State highways in India are numbered highways that are laid and maintained by state governments. Mexicos State Highway System is a system of urban and state routes constructed and maintained by each Mexican state, the main purpose of the state networks is to serve as a feeder system to the federal highway system. All states except the Federal District operate a road network, each state marks these routes with a white shield containing the abbreviated name of the state plus the route number. New Zealand state highways are national highways – the word state in this sense means government or public, New Zealands state highway system is a nationwide network of roads covering the North Island and the South Island. As of 2006, just under 100 roads have a State Highway designation, the NZ Transport Agency administers them. The speed limit for most state highways is 100 km/h, with reductions when one passes through a populated area. The highways in New Zealand were originally designated on a system, national and provincial, with national highways having a higher standard. Now all of them are state highways, and the network consists of SH1 running the length of main islands, SH 2–5 and 10–58 in the North Island, and SH 6–8. National and provincial highways are numbered north to south. State Highway 1 runs the length of both islands, local highways are the next important roads under the National highways
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U.S. state
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A U. S. state is a constituent political entity of the United States of America. There are 50 states, which are together in a union with each other. Each state holds administrative jurisdiction over a geographic territory. Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the government, Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons covered by certain types of court orders. States range in population from just under 600,000 to over 39 million, four states use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names. States are divided into counties or county-equivalents, which may be assigned some local authority but are not sovereign. County or county-equivalent structure varies widely by state, State governments are allocated power by the people through their individual constitutions. All are grounded in principles, and each provides for a government. States possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, Constitution has been amended, and the interpretation and application of its provisions have changed. The general tendency has been toward centralization and incorporation, with the government playing a much larger role than it once did. There is a debate over states rights, which concerns the extent and nature of the states powers and sovereignty in relation to the federal government. States and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a legislature consisting of the Senate. Each state is represented in the Senate by two senators, and is guaranteed at least one Representative in the House, members of the House are elected from single-member districts. Representatives are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census, the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50, alaska and Hawaii are the most recent states admitted, both in 1959. The Constitution is silent on the question of states have the power to secede from the Union. Shortly after the Civil War, the U. S. Supreme Court, in Texas v. White, as a result, while the governments of the various states share many similar features, they often vary greatly with regard to form and substance
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New Jersey
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New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania, New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state but the 11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States. New Jersey lies entirely within the statistical areas of New York City. New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, in the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements. New Jersey was the site of decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century. In the 19th century, factories in cities such as Camden, Paterson, Newark, Trenton, around 180 million years ago, during the Jurassic Period, New Jersey bordered North Africa. The pressure of the collision between North America and Africa gave rise to the Appalachian Mountains, around 18,000 years ago, the Ice Age resulted in glaciers that reached New Jersey. As the glaciers retreated, they left behind Lake Passaic, as well as rivers, swamps. New Jersey was originally settled by Native Americans, with the Lenni-Lenape being dominant at the time of contact, scheyichbi is the Lenape name for the land that is now New Jersey. The Lenape society was divided into clans that were based upon common female ancestors. These clans were organized into three distinct phratries identified by their animal sign, Turtle, Turkey, and Wolf and they first encountered the Dutch in the early 17th century, and their primary relationship with the Europeans was through fur trade. The Dutch became the first Europeans to lay claim to lands in New Jersey, the Dutch colony of New Netherland consisted of parts of modern Middle Atlantic states. Although the European principle of ownership was not recognized by the Lenape. The first to do so was Michiel Pauw who established a patronship called Pavonia in 1630 along the North River which eventually became the Bergen, peter Minuits purchase of lands along the Delaware River established the colony of New Sweden. During the English Civil War, the Channel Island of Jersey remained loyal to the British Crown and it was from the Royal Square in St. Helier that Charles II of England was proclaimed King in 1649, following the execution of his father, Charles I. The North American lands were divided by Charles II, who gave his brother, the Duke of York, the region between New England and Maryland as a proprietary colony. James then granted the land between the Hudson River and the Delaware River to two friends who had remained loyal through the English Civil War, Sir George Carteret and Lord Berkeley of Stratton, the area was named the Province of New Jersey. Since the states inception, New Jersey has been characterized by ethnic, New England Congregationalists settled alongside Scots Presbyterians and Dutch Reformed migrants
13.
Amtrak
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Founded in 1971 to take over most of the remaining U. S. passenger rail services, it is partially government funded yet operated and managed as a for-profit corporation. Amtrak serves more than 500 destinations in 46 states and three Canadian provinces, operating more than 300 trains each day over 21,300 miles of track, some track sections allow trains to run as fast as 150 mph. In fiscal year 2015, Amtrak served 30.8 million passengers and had $2.185 billion in revenue, nearly two-thirds of passengers come from the 10 largest metropolitan areas, 83% of passengers travel on routes shorter than 400 miles. Its headquarters is at Union Station in Washington, D. C, the name Amtrak is a portmanteau of the words America and trak, the latter itself a sensational spelling of track. From the mid-19th century until about 1920, nearly all intercity travelers in the United States moved by rail, historically, U. S. passenger trains were owned and operated by the same privately owned companies that operated freight trains. About 65,000 railroad passenger cars operated in 1929, from 1920 into the later 20th century, passenger rails popularity diminished and there was a series of pullbacks and tentative recoveries. Rail passenger revenues declined dramatically between 1920 and 1934 because of the rise of the automobile, in the same period, many travelers were lost to interstate bus companies such as Greyhound Lines. However, in the mid-1930s, railroads reignited popular imagination with service improvements and new, diesel-powered streamliners, such as the gleaming silver Pioneer Zephyr and Flying Yankee. Even with the improvements, on a basis, traffic continued to decline. World War II broke the malaise, passenger traffic soared sixfold thanks to troop movements, in 1946, there remained 45 percent fewer passenger trains than in 1929, and the decline quickened despite railroad optimism. Passengers disappeared and so did trains, few trains generated profits, most produced losses. Broad-based passenger rail deficits appeared as early as 1948, and by the mid-1950s, by 1965, only 10,000 rail passenger cars were in operation,85 percent fewer than in 1929. Passenger service was provided on only 75,000 miles of track, the 1960s also saw the end of railway post office revenues, which had helped some of the remaining trains break even. The causes of the decline of rail in the United States were complex. Until 1920, rail was the practical form of intercity transport. By 1930, the companies had constructed, with private funding. In 1916, the amount of track in the United States peaked at 254,251 miles, some rail routes had been built primarily to facilitate the sale of stock in the railroad companies, they were redundant from the beginning. These were the first to be abandoned as the financial positions deteriorated
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NJ Transit
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NJT also acts as a purchasing agency for many private operators in New Jersey, with numerous private operators receiving equipment from NJT for route service within the state not controlled by NJT. NJT was founded on July 17,1979, an offspring of the New Jersey Department of Transportation and it came into being with the passage of the Public Transportation Act of 1979 to acquire, operate, and contract for transportation service in the public interest. NJT originally acquired and managed a number of bus services, one of the largest being those operated by the states largest electric company. It gradually acquired most of the bus services. In northern New Jersey, many of the bus routes are arranged in a web, in southern New Jersey, most routes are arranged in a spoke-and-hub fashion, with routes emanating from Trenton, Camden, and Atlantic City. Since inception, rail ridership has quadrupled, in the 1990s the rail system expanded, with new Midtown Direct service to New York City and new equipment. On October 21,2001, it opened a new station at Newark Liberty International Airport, on October 31,2005, NJT took over Clocker service from Amtrak. Four new trains were added to the schedule, but cut back to Trenton, during Hurricane Sandy in October 2012, the rail operations center of NJ Transit was flooded by 8 feet of water and an emergency generator submerged. Floodwater damaged at least 65 locomotive engines and 257 rail cars, the Governor of New Jersey appoints a seven-member Board of Directors, four members from the general public and three State officials. The Governor has veto power on decisions made by the board, for buses around Trenton, and NJ Transit Rail Operations, Inc. for commuter rail. NJT operates 871 bus routes using 2,477 buses and the Newark Light Rail with 20 light rail vehicles, the bus fleet includes buses purchased for other New Jersey operators above the 2,477. The fleet consists of 52 Kinki Sharyo electric light rail vehicles owned by NJT, Newark Light Rail – two segments serving Newark and the surrounding area. The Newark City Subway has 12 stops, is 4.3 miles long, connecting Newark Penn Station to North Newark, the Broad Street Extension has five stops, is 1.0 mile long, and connects Newark Penn Station to Newark Broad Street Station. The fleet consists of 21 Kinki Sharyo electric light rail vehicles owned and operated by the Central Division of NJT Bus Operations. River Line – a 21-stop 34 miles line from Trenton to Camden along the Delaware River, mostly along the Bordentown Secondary line formerly owned by Conrail, the fleet consists of 20 Stadler GTW diesel light rail vehicles owned by NJT and operated under contract by Bombardier Transportation. NJT operates over 100 diesel locomotives, of which 11 are supplied by Metro-North Railroad as part of an agreement for the Port Jervis Line. It has over 650 push-pull cars, of which 65 are supplied by Metro-North, the New Jersey Transit Police Department is the transit police force for NJT. It is a police agency with statewide jurisdiction with the primary focus on policing the numerous bus depots, rail
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Northeast Corridor
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The Northeast Corridor is an electrified railway line in the Northeast megalopolis of the United States. Owned primarily by Amtrak, it runs from Boston through New York City, Philadelphia, the NEC closely parallels Interstate 95 for most of its length, and is the busiest passenger rail line in the United States by ridership and service frequency as of 2013. Branches to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and Springfield, Massachusetts, though not considered part of the Northeast Corridor, the corridor is used by many Amtrak trains, including the high-speed Acela Express, intercity trains, and several long-distance trains. Most of the corridor also has frequent commuter service, operated by the MBTA, Shore Line East, Metro-North Railroad, New Jersey Transit, SEPTA. Several companies run freight trains over sections of the NEC, much of the line is built for speeds higher than the 79 mph allowed on many U. S. tracks. Acela covers the 225 miles between New York and Washington, D. C. in under 3 hours, and the 229 miles between New York and Boston in under 3.5 hours. Under Amtraks $151 billion Northeast Corridor plan, which hopes to roughly halve travel times by 2040, the Northeast Corridor was built by several railroads between the 1830s and 1917. The route was later consolidated under two railroads, the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad between Boston and New York, and the Pennsylvania Railroad between New York and Washington, boston-Providence, Boston and Providence Railroad opened 1835, partially realigned in 1847 and in 1899. Became part of the Old Colony Railroad in 1888, providence-Stonington, New York, Providence and Boston Railroad opened 1837, partially realigned 1848. Stonington-New Haven, New Haven, New London and Stonington Railroad opened 1852-1889, New Haven-New Rochelle, New York and New Haven Railroad opened 1849. New Rochelle-Port Morris, Harlem River and Port Chester Railroad opened 1873, Port Morris-Sunnyside Yard, New York Connecting Railroad, opened 1917. Sunnyside Yard-Manhattan Transfer, Pennsylvania Tunnel and Terminal Railroad opened 1910, Manhattan Transfer-Trenton, United New Jersey Railroad and Canal Company opened 1834-1839,1841, partially realigned 1863 and 1870. Trenton-Frankford Junction, Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad opened 1834, partially realigned 1911, frankford Junction-Zoo Tower, Connecting Railway opened 1867. Zoo Tower-Grays Ferry Bridge, Junction Railroad opened 1863-1866, grays Ferry-Bayview, Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad opened 1837-1838,1866,1906. Bayview Yard-Baltimore Union Station, Union Railroad opened 1873, Baltimore Union Station-Landover, Baltimore and Potomac Rail Road opened 1872. Electricity was in use on branch lines of the NYNH&H for interurban streetcars via third rail or trolley wire. The NH announced in 1905 that it would electrify its main line from New York to Stamford, electric locomotives began serving Grand Central on February 13,1907, and all NYC passenger service into Grand Central was electrified on July 1. NH electrification began on July 24 to New Rochelle, August 5 to Port Chester and October 6,1907 the rest of the way to Stamford, steam trains last operated into Grand Central on June 30,1908, after which all NH passenger trains into Manhattan were electrified
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Hightstown, New Jersey
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Hightstown is a borough in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. Hightstown was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 5,1853, the borough became fully independent c. Additional portions of East Windsor Township were annexed in 1913,1915 and 1927 and it was named for John and Mary Hight, who established a tavern in the area in the 1750s. According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had an area of 1.242 square miles. Hightstown is at the central-most point of New Jersey and is equidistant from Philadelphia. The record low temperature recorded in the borough was −16 °F on January 28,1935, the record high was 105 °F on July 9,1936. As of the census of 2010, there were 5,494 people,1,976 households, the population density was 4,536.0 per square mile. There were 2,108 housing units at a density of 1,740.4 per square mile. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 30. 29% of the population,24. 6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6. 7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the family size was 3.23. In the borough, the population was out with 23. 9% under the age of 18,8. 6% from 18 to 24,31. 1% from 25 to 44,26. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 36.9 years, for every 100 females there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and old there were 100.1 males, the Census Bureaus 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that median household income was $66,250 and the median family income was $72,583. Males had an income of $49,861 versus $42,361 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $32,976, about 8. 2% of families and 8. 7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17. 2% of those under age 18 and 1. 1% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2000 United States Census there were 5,216 people,2,001 households, the population density was 4,251.9 people per square mile. There were 2,081 housing units at a density of 1,696.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the borough was 76. 53% White,8. 51% African American,0. 36% Native American,2. 28% Asian,0. 08% Pacific Islander,9. 64% from other races, and 2. 59% from two or more races
17.
U.S. Route 206
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U. S. Route 206 is a 130. 23-mile-long north–south United States highway in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, United States. Only about a half a mile of its length is in Pennsylvania, the Milford-Montague Toll Bridge carries it over the Delaware River into New Jersey, where it is the remainder of the route. The highways northern terminus is near Milford, Pennsylvania at an intersection with US209, some sources and its southern terminus is in Hammonton, New Jersey at an intersection with Route 54 and US30. The route connects several cities and towns, including Bordentown, Trenton, Princeton, Somerville, Netcong, the road is known as the Disabled American Veterans Highway for much of its length. The current routing along pre-1927 Route 2 became a part of US130 in 1926. In the later 1930s, US206 was designated to connect US30 in Hammonton north to US6 and US209 in Milford, the state highways running concurrent with US206 in New Jersey were removed in 1953. In the 1960s, two freeways were proposed for US206 but never built. The first freeway was to connect Hammonton south along the Route 54 corridor toward Route 55, the other US206 freeway was planned in northwestern New Jersey, connecting I-80 in Netcong north to Montague Township. Construction has begun for a bypass of US206 around Hillsborough in 2010 after being planned since 1974, the NJDOT is currently widening the route in Byram Township to alleviate congestion, with completion in 2013. US206 begins at US30 in the town of Hammonton in Atlantic County, New Jersey, heading north-northeast on the two-lane, south of this intersection, the road continues as Route 54. From its southern terminus, US206 runs through farmland, which gives way to the heavily forested Pine Barrens. Within this area, the route continues through the Wharton State Forest, here, the road comes to the eastern terminus of CR536. US206 continues into Shamong Township, Burlington County, passing more of the Pine Barrens. In Shamong Township, the road makes a turn to the north, after running northwest, CR541 splits to the left. After this intersection, US206 heads north out of the Wharton State Forest, at the intersection with CR648, the route briefly widens into a four-lane undivided road before narrowing back to two lanes. Upon intersecting CR622, US206 enters Tabernacle Township, here, CR532 crosses the route at a signalized intersection. Following CR532, residential development increases along the route as it continues into Southampton Township, US206 becomes a three-lane road with one northbound lane and two southbound lanes as it comes to the Red Lion Circle with Route 70. Past the Red Lion Circle, the route becomes two lanes again and passes more rural surroundings with some development, US206 comes to a junction with the eastern terminus of Route 38 and the western terminus of CR530
18.
New Jersey Route 33
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Route 33 is a state highway in the US state of New Jersey. The highway extends 42.03 miles, from Trenton at an intersection with U. S. Route 1, the speed limit on Route 33 differs in zones. The highest is 55 mph in Zone 9, there are several intersections on 33 with future developments. Route 33 begins in Trenton on a two-lane road and it passes through central Mercer County, joining northbound U. S. Route 130 in Robbinsville Township. It leaves the U. S. highway in East Windsor and it turns east again as it passes the east end of the Hightstown Bypass, where it becomes a divided arterial with four lanes as it makes its way through Monmouth County toward the shore. Around Freehold, it becomes a freeway and it then crosses the Garden State Parkways Exit 100 in Tinton Falls and Route 18 in Neptune. Here, it is known as Corlies Avenue. Route 33 ends at Route 71 in Neptune and it has two concurrencies along the route, one with Route 34 and the second with US130. On its way across central New Jersey, Route 33 traverses three counties, Mercer, Middlesex, and Monmouth, beginning in Trenton as Greenwood Avenue, Route 33 is a two-lane road, with one lane in each direction. Once it merges with U. S. Route 130 in Robbinsville Township, after crossing into East Windsor Township, Route 33 veers off and becomes a local road going into Hightstown. Before leaving Mercer County, the road intersects with an interchange at Route 133 that provides access to Exit 8 of the New Jersey Turnpike, Route 33 then crosses into Monroe Township, where it is slowly becoming a residential access road for new communities. It then continues into Millstone Township as a rural avenue, continuing into Manalapan Township, the avenue again becomes a residential access road. At the ramp for Route 33 Business, the avenue turns into a freeway bypass, Route 33 bypasses Freehold Borough to the south staying within Freehold Township. Within Freehold Borough, Route 33 Business is the alignment of Route 33 before the bypass was built. The bypass of Freehold is the alignment of what would have been a Route 33 freeway from Neptune to Trenton. As time went on, a version of just a bypass was agreed upon. The western start of the freeway is just east of County Route 527, and was built from Route 33 Business to U. S. Route 9 in the 1970s. The next section was built from U. S. Route 9 across Route 79 to Halls Mill Road, and this remained its terminus from the late 1980s until January 17,2003, when the final leg of the bypass was opened
19.
New Jersey Route 92
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In 1987, the planned Route 92 was truncated to only run east from U. S. Route 1 near Kingston. New plans were announced in 1994, this time running to US1 near Princeton, after public hearings found opposition was still strong, the planned route was truncated to a much shorter bypass of Hightstown only and numbered Route 133. Construction on the road, the first project awarded under New Jerseys modified Design-build program, began on September 20,1996 and was opened November 30,1999. The first plans for Route 92s new alignment, running from Exit 8A of the New Jersey Turnpike west to U. S. Route 206 near Rocky Hill, were made in 1988, using funds from the canceled Somerset Freeway. In 1992, the plans were transferred to the New Jersey Turnpike Authority. All but $6.5 million of the $400 million project was reassigned in November 2005 to widen the Turnpike in southern New Jersey, Construction commenced on the new route, building a new bridge over the Pennsylvania Railroad a year later. This new,104.00 feet long bridge replaced the crossing on Washington Road. When the state highway renumbering occurred on January 1,1953 and this new freeway was to be constructed by the State Highway Department and maintained by the aforementioned corporation. By 1967, the New Jersey Department of Transportation announced plans and although monetary issues stalled any forward movements, federal funding soon came in to help resume planning. The highway was proposed and received opposition from the communities of Princeton and Plainsboro, who cited destruction of space and wetlands. Final designs for the freeway were underway in 1986, amid controversy, as a result, the Department of Transportation dropped the section west of U. S. Route 1 in South Brunswick Township only a year later. After plans for Route 92 were realigned northward in 1988, the Princeton-Hightstown Bypass was revived in 1994 for construction of a new bypass of Hightstown. This new,3.8 miles long freeway was designed under the Department of Transportations first modified design-build program, the contractors in hire for the project were the Schaivone Construction Group, who set a bid for $57 million. The new freeway, designated as Route 133 instead of Route 92, was opened in November 1999, the delay occurred due to substantial erosion caused by the weakening Hurricane Floyd in 1999. In 1988, the New Jersey Department of Transportation realigned the proposed Route 92 Freeway off the Princeton-Hightstown Bypass to a further north. This new alignment was to run from U. S, the state cited that this new northerly alignment, funded by the cancellation of the Somerset Freeway, would serve better needs of the people. In 1992, the proposal for Route 92 was turned over to the New Jersey Turnpike Authority from the Department of Transportation and this new highway was to cost the Turnpike Authority $300 million. The opposition to the freeway shifted northward, with South Brunswick residents complaining the divide of their community, the environmentalists also cried foul on the destruction of 33 acres of wetlands and the encroachment on local open space
20.
U.S. Route 1 in New Jersey
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U. S. Route 1 is a United States highway which parallels the East Coast of the United States, running from Key West, Florida in the south to Fort Kent, Maine at the Canadian border in the north. Of the entire length of the route,66.06 miles of it runs through New Jersey and it enters the state from Pennsylvania on the Trenton–Morrisville Toll Bridge over the Delaware River in the state capital of Trenton, running through the city on the Trenton Freeway. From here, US1 continues northeast as a divided highway through suburban areas continuing into Middlesex County and passing through New Brunswick. US1 merges with US9 in Woodbridge, and the two routes continue through northern New Jersey as US 1/9 to the George Washington Bridge over the Hudson River in Fort Lee, at this point, the road continues into New York City along with I-95. The current alignment of US1 between Trenton and New Brunswick was chartered as the Trenton and New Brunswick Turnpike in 1803, in 1913, the Lincoln Highway across the United States was created and connected Trenton to Newark within New Jersey. The Lincoln Highway was legislated as Route 13 between Trenton and New Brunswick in 1917 and as part of Route 1 between New Brunswick and Elizabeth, later extended to Jersey City, with the creation of the U. S. In 1927, the Lincoln Highway portion of US1 became Route 27, in subsequent years, US1 was moved onto its current routing between Trenton and the George Washington Bridge. By 1969, the Trenton Freeway was extended north to Whitehead Road in Lawrence Township, when the Trenton Freeway was completed north to US1, the US1 designation was shifted to the freeway, replacing Route 174. U. S. Route 1 crosses the Delaware River into New Jersey on the Trenton–Morrisville Toll Bridge, once in Trenton, US1 becomes the Trenton Freeway and is maintained by the New Jersey Department of Transportation. US1 meets Route 29 at a diamond interchange just north of the river. It then comes to an interchange with the terminus of Route 129 as well as the western terminus of Route 33 near the Trenton Transit Center. At this point, the Trenton Freeway turns onto a depressed alignment, the route turns northeast directly over the Delaware and Raritan Canal, which still flows underneath, and has an exit for Olden Avenue. The freeway has a ramp for Mulberry Street before there is a northbound exit and southbound entrance from the median that provides access to US1 Business. Past this interchange, US1 continues into Lawrence Township, where the surroundings become more wooded as the freeway has an exit for Whitehead Road, along this stretch, the freeway closely parallels the canal, which emerges from under the freeway just north of Mulberry Street. The Trenton Freeway ends at the point US1 Business merges back into US1, here, US1 becomes a four-lane divided surface road with jughandles called the Herbert Highway that is lined with suburban businesses. Continuing northeast, the first intersection along this road is with the terminus of CR546. After this intersection, the crosses the Delaware & Raritan Canal again prior to a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-95 and I-295. Past this point, US1 widens to six lanes as it has an interchange providing access to the Quaker Bridge Mall to the east of the route, a short distance later, there is a cloverleaf interchange with CR533
21.
U.S. Route 130
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U. S. Route 130 is a north–south U. S. Highway completely within the state of New Jersey. The route briefly runs concurrent with its parent US30 near Camden, US130 passes through many towns including Penns Grove, Bridgeport, Westville, Camden, Pennsauken, Burlington, Bordentown, Hightstown, and North Brunswick. The current route between Penns Grove and Westville was to become pre-1927 Route 17S in 1923, in 1926, US130 was designated to run from US30 in Camden to US1 in Trenton along the alignment of pre-1927 Route 2. A year later, the alignment of US130 became Route 25 between Camden and Bordentown, Route 39 between Bordentown and White Horse, and Route 37 between White Horse and Trenton. US130 was extended to Pennsville in 1938 along Route 45 and Route 44 while it was realigned to follow Route 25, in 1953, the state highways running concurrent with US130 were removed. Around the time of the renumbering, limited-access bypasses for US130 were built around Carneys Point, in the 1960s, I-295 was designated onto most of these freeway alignments of US130, which was moved back to its original route in Carneys Point. In 1969, the end of US130 was cut back to its current location. The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission had proposed a US130 freeway between Camden and Burlington, but it was never built, US 130s south end is in Pennsville Township, Salem County at the east end of the Delaware Memorial Bridge, which carries I-295 and US40. The New Jersey Turnpike begins at this interchange, and Route 49 heads south, from here, the route heads northeast on Shell Road, a two-lane undivided road, passing development before entering Carneys Point Township. In Carneys Point Township, the road intersects the west end of Route 140 before passing to the east of a DuPont plant and a Conrail Shared Assets Operations railroad yard near wooded areas. Past the Route 48 intersection, the road enters Carneys Point Township again, upon entering Oldmans Township, US130 heads through more rural areas as Bridgeport-Penns Grove Road. After crossing Oldmans Creek on a drawbridge, the route enters Logan Township, Gloucester County and it heads east-northeast through Nortonville before continuing through marshland and woodland. At this point, a section of US130 begins. The freeway heads east to its first interchange after US322, Barker Avenue leads east to the south end of Route 44. The next interchange provides access to Route 44. After Route 44 is the last interchange, with Cedar Swamp Road, along I-295, the route is a six-lane freeway, coming to an exit for CR684. Continuing east, the freeway crosses into Greenwich Township and has an interchange with CR607, after passing near Greenwich Lake, there are exits for CR653 and CR673 within a short distance of each other. I-295/US130 reaches an interchange with CR680 on the border of Greenwich Township, past this point, the freeway runs through marshy areas of Mantua Creek and continues into West Deptford Township
22.
Northeast Corridor Line
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The Northeast Corridor Line is a commuter rail operation run by New Jersey Transit along Amtraks Northeast Corridor in the United States. It is the successor to Pennsylvania Railroad trains between Trenton Transit Center and New York Penn Station, after arrival at New York Penn Station, some trains load passengers and return to New Jersey, while others continue east to Sunnyside Yard for storage. Most servicing is done at the Morrisville Yard, at the west end of the line, the Northeast Corridor Line is colored red on New Jersey Transit system maps and its symbol is the State House. The Princeton Branch is a service connecting to the line. Penn Station had originally intended for long distance passenger trains. With the overhead electrification complete, the PRR could run trains of multiple units direct to Manhattan. The weekday schedule in September 1951 had six trains a day from New York to Trenton, seven from New York to New Brunswick, two from Jersey City to Trenton and six from Jersey City to New Brunswick. That includes just the trains terminated at Trenton or New Brunswick, many more trains from New York to Philadelphia. By the 1960s the financial situation of the Pennsylvania Railroad had deteriorated, in 1968 NJDoT funded construction of the new Metropark station and in 1969 they funded 35 new stainless steel Jersey Arrow MU cars. The state continued to fund replacement of the aging pre-war MU equipment with the Arrow II, finally in 1983 the State took over all of the Conrail operations under the aegis of a new statewide public transport agency, New Jersey Transit. During the 1990s New Jersey Transit contracted with Amtrak to accept monthly NJT passholders on the Clocker trains, the Clocker last ran on October 28,2005, and thereafter New Jersey Transit began several extra Trenton-New York express trips. Connecting SEPTA Trenton Line service between Philadelphia and Trenton is listed in the timetable, the Northeast Corridor Line runs from New York Penn Station to Trenton Transit Center along with Amtrak. The Northeast Corridor Line operates a service between the outlying stations and the terminal zone which begins at Newark International Airport Station. During the peak period North Jersey Coast Line trains stop at North Elizabeth through Rahway, stations between Rahway are served by Jersey Avenue Locals, which originate and terminate at Jersey Avenue station. Finally Trenton Express trains make their first/last stop at Princeton Junction or New Brunswick, a few all stops locals operate sporadically on weekdays as well and all day on weekends. Jersey Ave locals make local stops between Rahway and Elizabeth outside peak periods, North Elizabeth station is skipped by most NEC Line trains and express trains cannot stop at Jersey Ave eastbound. With high levels of service and a route through one of the most densely populated areas of the United States, on an average weekday in 2012, the Northeast Corridor Line handled 117,400 boardings. These trains are made up of Comet series cars or Bombardier Transportation Multilevels, the modern era of commuter operations began in 1983 when New Jersey Transit Rail Operations took over the service from Conrail
23.
Princeton, New Jersey
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As of the 2010 United States Census, the municipalitys population was 28,572, reflecting the former townships population of 16,265, along with the 12,307 in the former borough. Princeton was founded before the American Revolution and is best known as the location of Princeton University, Princeton is roughly equidistant from New York City and Philadelphia. It is close to major highways that serve both cities, and receives major television and radio broadcasts from each. It is also close to Trenton, New Jerseys capital city, the governor of New Jerseys official residence has been in Princeton since 1945, when Morven in the borough became the first Governors mansion. It was later replaced by the larger Drumthwacket, a mansion located in the former Township. Morven became a property of the New Jersey Historical Society. Princeton was ranked 15th of the top 100 towns in the United States to Live, although residents of Princeton traditionally have a strong community-wide identity, the community had been composed of two separate municipalities, a township and a borough. The central borough was completely surrounded by the township, the Borough contained Nassau Street, the main commercial street, most of the University campus, and incorporated most of the urban area until the postwar suburbanization. The Borough and Township had roughly equal populations, the Lenni Lenape Native Americans were the earliest identifiable inhabitants of the Princeton area. Europeans founded their settlement in the part of the 17th century. The first European to find his home in the boundaries of the town was Henry Greenland. He built his house in 1683 along with a tavern, in this drinking hole representatives of West Jersey and East Jersey met to set boundaries for the location of the township. Originally, Princeton was known only as part of nearby Stony Brook, James Leonard first referred to the town as Princetown, when describing the location of his large estate in his diary. The town bore a variety of names subsequently, including, Princetown, Princes Town, although there is no official documentary backing, the town is considered to be named after King William III, Prince William of Orange of the House of Nassau. Another theory suggests that the name came from a large land-owner named Henry Prince, a royal prince seems a more likely eponym for the settlement, as three nearby towns had similar names, Kingston, Queenstown and Princessville. When Richard Stockton, one of the founders of the township, died in 1709 he left his estate to his sons, who helped to expand property, based on the 1880 United States Census, the population of the town comprised 3,209 persons. Local population has expanded from the nineteenth century, according to the 2010 Census, Princeton Borough had 12,307 inhabitants, while Princeton Township had 16,265. Aside from housing the university of the name, the settlement suffered the revolutionary Battle of Princeton on its soil
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New Jersey General Assembly
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The New Jersey General Assembly is the lower house of the New Jersey Legislature. Since the election of 1967, the Assembly has consisted of 80 members, two members are elected from each of New Jerseys 40 legislative districts for a term of two years, each representing districts with average populations of 210,359. They also must be residents of their districts, membership in the Assembly is considered a part-time job, and many members have employment in addition to their legislative work. Assembly members serve two-year terms, elected every odd-numbered year in November, several members of the Assembly hold other elective office, as they are grandfathered in under a New Jersey law that banned multiple office holding in 2007. The Assembly is led by the Speaker of the Assembly, who is elected by the membership of the chamber, the Speaker decides the schedule for the Assembly, which bills will be considered, appoints committee chairmen, and generally runs the Assemblys agenda. The current Speaker is Vincent Prieto, members of the NJ General Assembly receive an annual base salary of $40,000 with the Senate President and the Assembly Speaker earning slightly more. Members receive $110,000 for staff salaries, in addition, they receive 12,500 postage stamps, stationery and a telephone card. They receive New Jersey State health insurance and other benefits, the total cost to the State of New Jersey for each member of the general assembly is approximately $200,000 annually. See, New Jersey Legislature#Colonial period and New Jersey Legislative Council#Composition Agriculture, gary Schaer Commerce and Economic Development - Asm. Gordon Johnson Consumer Affairs - Asm, patrick Diegnan Environment and Solid Waste - Asw. L. Grace Spencer Financial Institutions and Insurance - Asm. Craig Coughlin Health and Senior Services - Asm, herb Conaway, MD Higher Education - Asw. Celeste Riley Homeland Security and State Preparedness - Asw, annette Quijano Housing and Community Development - Asm. Jerry Green Human Services - Asw, valerie Vainieri Huttle Judiciary - Asm. John F. McKeon Labor - Asm, joseph Egan Law and Public Safety - Asm. Charles Mainor Military and Veterans Affairs - Asw, cleopatra Tucker Regulated Professions - Asm. Thomas Giblin Regulatory Oversight - Asm, reed Gusciora State and Local Government - Asw. Linda Stender Telecommunications and Utilities - Asm, wayne DeAngelo Tourism and Gaming - Asm. Ralph Caputo Transportation and Independent Authorities - Asm, john Wisniewski Women and Children - Asw
25.
Pennsylvania Railroad
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The Pennsylvania Railroad was an American Class I railroad, founded in 1846. Commonly referred to as the Pennsy, the PRR was headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the PRR was the largest railroad by traffic and revenue in the U. S. for the first half of the 20th century. Over the years, it acquired, merged with or owned part of at least 800 other rail lines and companies and its only formidable rival was the New York Central, which carried around three-quarters of PRRs ton-miles. At one time, the PRR was the largest publicly traded corporation in the world, with a larger than that of the U. S. government. The corporation still holds the record for the longest continuous dividend history, in 1968, PRR merged with rival NYC to form the Penn Central Transportation Company, which filed for bankruptcy within two years. The viable parts were transferred in 1976 to Conrail, which was broken up in 1999, with 58 percent of the system going to the Norfolk Southern Railway. Amtrak received the electrified segment east of Harrisburg, with the opening of the Erie Canal and the beginnings of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Philadelphia business interests became concerned that the port of Philadelphia would lose traffic. The state legislature was pressed to build a canal across Pennsylvania and it soon became evident that a single canal would not be practical and a series of railroads, inclined planes, and canals was proposed. Because freight and passengers had to change several times along the route and canals froze in winter, it soon became apparent that the system was cumbersome. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania granted a charter to the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1846 to build a rail line that would connect Harrisburg to Pittsburgh. The Directors chose John Edgar Thomson, an engineer from the Georgia Railroad, to survey, the crest of the mountain was penetrated by the 3, 612-foot Gallitzin Tunnels and then descended by a more moderate grade to Johnstown. The western end of the line was built from Pittsburgh east along the banks of the Allegheny. In 1857, the PRR purchased the Main Line of Public Works from the state of Pennsylvania, the line was double track from its inception, and by the end of the century a third and fourth track were added. Over the next 50 years, PRR expanded by gaining control of railroads by stock purchases. This line is still an important cross-state corridor, carrying Amtraks Philadelphia to Harrisburg Main Line and he served as PRRs first Chief Engineer and third President. Track connection in Philadelphia was made via the PRRs Connecting Railway, the PRRs Baltimore and Potomac Rail Road opened on July 2,1872, between Baltimore and Washington, D. C. This route required transfer via horse car in Baltimore to the lines heading north from the city. On June 29,1873, the Baltimore and Potomac Tunnel through Baltimore was completed, the PRR started the misleadingly named Pennsylvania Air Line service via the Northern Central Railway and Columbia, Pennsylvania
26.
Alfred E. Driscoll
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He was born on October 25,1902 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Driscoll graduated from Williams College in 1925, and was awarded an LL. B. degree from Harvard University in 1928 and he served as Governor of New Jersey from 1947 to 1954 where he was a proponent for the New Jersey Turnpike and the Garden State Parkway. From the time of their construction, these two major transportation links would transform the agrarian Garden State into the most densely populated state in the union. The Driscoll Bridge on the Garden State Parkway across the Raritan River was named in his honor, Driscoll served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention from New Jersey in 1948 and 1952, and he was considered for the vice presidential nomination at the 1952 convention. Driscoll, a Republican, gave William J. Brennan a Democrat and it was a seat on the New Jersey Superior Court. In 1951, Driscoll promoted Brennan to the New Jersey Supreme Court, Driscoll died on March 9,1975 in Haddonfield, New Jersey. Although he was a Presbyterian, Driscoll was buried at the Haddonfield Baptist Churchyard, list of Governors of New Jersey Biography of Alfred E. Driscoll, New Jersey State Library Political Graveyard info for Alfred E. Driscoll Alfred E. Driscoll
27.
Jersey Shore
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The Jersey Shore is the coastal region of the state of New Jersey. Geographically, the term encompasses about 141 miles of oceanfront from Perth Amboy in the north to Cape May Point in the south, the Jersey Shore area includes Middlesex, Monmouth, Atlantic County, Cape May, and Ocean counties. Many New Jersey residents refer to it as The Shore, a common phrase within New Jersey is to go down the shore, or to have done something down the shore. Certain communities are popular with visitors from the nearby Canadian provinces of Quebec. The Jersey Shore is lined with over 40 communities, each with a different character, some cater to summer tourists and visitors, others are completely full-year residential communities, others still are a mix of both. Below are some of the most notable shore points, the two towns that make up The Amboys are Perth Amboy and South Amboy. Perth Amboys history dates back to 1651 when August Herman bought a point of land from the Lenni Lenape Native Americans, the land, which was called Ompoge by the Indians, gradually changed its name to Emboyle, then Amboyle. When the city was incorporated in 1683, settlers began to call the land Ambo or Amboy Point, the name means place resembling a bowl. In 1686, when the settlement became the capital of East Jersey, Perth was added to the name in honor of one of the Proprietors under the Royal grant, the James Drummond, 1st Duke of Perth. Keansburg is one of the most tourism-oriented towns along the Raritan Bayshore region, Keansburg is home to the Keansburg Amusement Park, Keansburg is also home to a small boardwalk that runs along the Raritan Bay, sometimes offering views of the New York City skyline. Many boaters utilize Keyports marinas that give access to fishing, crabbing. The New York City skyline can be seen from the boroughs ridges, pleasure, fishing and commuter boats sail from its harbor. The municipal harbor was built from 1938 through 1940 with municipal, state and it is the largest on the East Coast, home to 715 craft, including high-speed ferry service to New York City, which was introduced in 1986. In 1966, the Central Railroad of New Jersey pier was destroyed by fire and its rail route is now used by the Henry Hudson Trail. Sandy Hook is a long, narrow peninsula managed by the National Park Service as the a unit of the Gateway National Recreation Area, the eastern shoreline consists of various public and fishing beaches, including North Beach and Gunnison Beach. The peninsulas ocean-facing beaches are considered among the finest in New Jersey and are a destination for recreation in summer when seasonal ferries bring beachgoers. Gunnison Beach is one of the largest clothing optional beaches on the East Coast, the northern end of the island is home to the Sandy Hook Lighthouse, the Marine Academy of Science and Technology, and restored buildings of the former Fort Hancock Coast Guard Station. Spread across the peninsula are former military installations, including four ammunitions bunkers, Red Bank, overlooking the Navesink River, is a noted social and commercial destination, filled with boutiques, designer clothing and home stores, parks, and restaurants
28.
Montgomery Township, New Jersey
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Montgomery Township is a township in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. Montgomery Township was incorporated on February 21,1798, as one of New Jerseys initial group of 104 townships by an act of the New Jersey Legislature, portions of the township were taken to form Princeton borough, Princeton Township and Rocky Hill. The area now known as Montgomery Township was inhabited for approximately 20,000 years by Lenni Lenape tribal groups, the current Native American population of Montgomery Township is just under 0. 1% of the total population. Many speculators and early settlers were of Dutch descent from the New Amsterdam area, the Township was originally known as the Western Precinct of Somerset County. Before the creation of Mercer County in 1838, the southern border extended to Nassau Street in Princeton, farms of 300 to 500 acres were common, some owners keeping a few slaves to work the land and serve in the household. The aim of the settlers was to produce as many of the necessities of life as they could, subsistence farming. Each farm had a garden, orchard, pasturage and fields for grain. What became known as the Harlingen Tract included part of Sourland Mountain, each farm on the flatland was assigned a separate strip of woodland that ran up to the Hunterdon border, all crossing Rock Brook. At points along the mills were built either to saw lumber or to grind grain. Other early mill sites were at Rocky Hill on the Millstone River, Bridgepoint on Pike Brook, settlement began in the first quarter of the eighteenth century. When churches, schools, general stores, blacksmith shops and hotel/taverns were built, most people walked to where they wanted to go. Schools were generally spaced no further than four miles apart in order that no child would have to go more than two miles to get to one, churches marked the most important centers. The Dutch Churchs earliest congregations first gathered in farm houses, the first church building at Harlingen dates to around 1750 and was called the Church at Sourland. The church at Neshanic in Hillsborough Township was established in 1752, in the early years these two churches shared a single pastor, and up to about 1800 they conducted their services in the Dutch language. One such pastor was Martinus Van Harlingen, who gave his name to the village, to the church now bears his name. The Blawenburg church, an offshoot of the one at Harlingen, during the Revolution, the Township was the scene of marches by both British and patriot forces and of clashes between them. In the century that followed the movement of goods and people was accelerated by increasingly swifter forms of transportation, first was the building of the Georgetown and Franklin Turnpike between Lambertville and New Brunswick. Next came the digging of the Delaware and Raritan Canal along the east side of the Millstone River, Railroad construction followed with the Delaware and Boundbrook Railroad, which established depots at Skillman, Harlingen and Belle Mead
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New Jersey Route 27
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Route 27 is a state highway in New Jersey, United States. It runs 38.53 mi from U. S. Route 206 in Princeton, Mercer County northeast to an interchange with Route 21 and Broad Street in Newark, the route passes through many communities along the way, including New Brunswick, Metuchen, Rahway, and Elizabeth. Route 27 is a two- to four-lane undivided highway for most of its length, Route 27 crosses the Raritan River on the Albany Street Bridge, which connects Highland Park on the east with New Brunswick on the west. Route 27 was part of the alignment through New Jersey of the Lincoln Highway, Route 27 is still referred to as the Lincoln Highway in many municipalities, such as Edison Township. The Lincoln Highway became part of pre-1927 Route 1 between New Brunswick and Elizabeth in 1916 and pre-1927 Route 13 between Trenton and New Brunswick in 1917, in 1927, the Lincoln Highway was renumbered as Route 27 between Trenton and Newark. U. S. Route 1 was designated on this portion of the road until it was relocated by the 1940s. U. S. Route 206 followed the route from Trenton to Princeton until 1953, Route 27 begins at a traffic light with U. S. Route 206 and County Route 533 in downtown Princeton, Mercer County. The route heads northeast along Nassau Street, the street of Princeton that runs along the northern edge of Princeton University and is lined with numerous shops. This portion of Route 27 sees between 10,000 and 20,000 cars a day, just past the beginning of Route 27, County Route 583 heads to the southwest on Mercer Street. Route 27 moves through downtown Princeton, passing by the gates to Princeton University near Nassau Hall. After leaving the area, Route 27 continues through residential areas. Route 27 runs parallel to Carnegie Lake, then crosses over the Millstone River just north of the historic Kingston Bridge, the portion of the road from Princeton to Kingston is part of the KIngs Highway Historic District. It continues northeast through a mix of woodland and residences, intersecting Promenade Boulevard, Route 27 briefly runs entirely into Somerset County before resuming along the Middlesex/Somerset County border. Route 27 then passes through Franklin Park, intersecting County Route 610, the road forms the border of Franklin Township and New Brunswick upon intersecting County Route 680 becoming four-lane Somerset Street. Route 27 follows Somerset Street northeast through residential and commercial areas, the route splits from Somerset Street and heads entirely into New Brunswick, Middlesex County along French Street. At the Sandford Street intersection, Route 27 becomes a road that is also signed as County Route 644. It then intersects County Route 693, which heads to the southwest to become Route 91, past this intersection, the route becomes a two-lane road that heads into downtown New Brunswick, south of the main campus of Rutgers University. Here, the route has a traffic count of approximately 11,559 vehicles
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New Jersey Turnpike
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The New Jersey Turnpike, colloquially known to New Jerseyans as the Turnpike, is a toll road in New Jersey, maintained by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority. According to the International Bridge, Tunnel and Turnpike Association, the Turnpike is the nations sixth-busiest toll road and is one of the most heavily traveled highways in the United States and its northern terminus is located at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, Bergen County. The Turnpike is a major thoroughfare providing access to localities in New Jersey, as well as Delaware, Pennsylvania. The route divides into four roadways between exit 6 and exit 14, with the inner lanes restricted to carrying only cars, and with the outer lanes for cars, trucks and buses. The northern part of the turnpike, along with the entirety of its extensions and spurs, is part of the Interstate Highway System. South of exit 6, it has the unsigned Route 700 designation, construction of the mainline from conceptualization to completion took 23 months, from 1950 to 1952. It was officially opened to traffic in November 1951, between its terminus and exit 10. The Interstate Highway System took some of its design guidelines by copying the Turnpikes design guidelines, to some degree, the Turnpike is considered iconic in pop culture, having been referenced in music, film and television. The main road of the New Jersey Turnpike splits from I-295 in Carneys Point Township and runs a north-northeast route to Ridgefield Park and it is designated Route 700, an unsigned route, from exit 1 to exit 6, and as I-95 from exit 6 to exit 18. The number of ranges from 4 lanes south of exit 4,6 lanes between exit 4 and exit 6,12 lanes between exit 6 and exit 11, and 14 lanes between exit 11 and exit 14. None of these state highway designations have ever been signed, specifically, starting in Mansfield Township, the Turnpike has a total of 12 lanes,6 in each direction. From Woodbridge Township to Newark, High-occupancy vehicle lanes exist on the outer roadway, thereby making it 7 lanes in each direction. The HOV lanes are in effect on weekdays, from 6,00 a. m. –9,00 a. m. northbound, north of exit 14, the Turnpike splits into two spurs, the Eastern Spur and the Western Spur. Both spurs are signed as I-95, the Western Spur is posted for through traffic on I-95 seeking Interstate 280, the Meadowlands Sports Complex, and the George Washington Bridge. Traffic seeking U. S. Route 46, Interstate 80, the New Jersey Department of Transportation, which calls every class of highway Route, calls the Western Spur Route 95W. It connects Newark with Lower Manhattan via the Holland Tunnel in Jersey City and this extension contains three exits and due to its design, it has a 50 mph speed limit. A 6-mile long six-lane highway, it not only connects the Pennsylvania Turnpike with the mainline and it was formerly designated as Route 700P, but is currently designated I-95 in anticipation of the completion of the Pennsylvania Turnpike/Interstate 95 Interchange Project in 2018. A 4-mile stretch of I-95 north of U. S.46 came under Turnpike Authority jurisdiction in 1992 and this section of the road travels past the interchange for I-80 and through a cut in the Hudson Palisades at GWB Plaza
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New Jersey Route 133
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Route 133 is a short state freeway located entirely in East Windsor Township, Mercer County, New Jersey in the United States. The route runs as a 4. 42-mile-long four-lane bypass of Hightstown from County Route 571 at Windsor Center Drive to the New Jersey Turnpike / Interstate 95 at exit 8. Originally, Route 133 did not have any connections to any other limited access roads until a new Turnpike interchange opened in January 2013. The plans for the bypass of Hightstown originated in 1929. The New Jersey State Legislature followed up in 1938 by designating a new spur off of State Highway Route 31, during the 1970s, the highway proposed as Route 92 gained momentum, running from Princeton all the way to Route 33 at Hightstown. However, after several setbacks, Route 92 was moved northward in 1988, Construction on the new $57 million USD Route 133 commenced on September 20,1996 by Schiavone Construction Company and was completed and opened on November 30,1999. Route 133 begins at an intersection with CR571 in East Windsor. The intersection includes a jughandle for traffic to use to access the highway. Along a large bend, the highway turns eastward, paralleling to CR571 to the south, heading eastbound, the on-ramp to Route 133 from One Mile Road merges in, and the highway continues, passing to the north of homes and commercial buildings through East Windsor. A short distance later, Route 133 crosses over Rocky Brook, the highways surroundings then change drastically, with residential homes surrounding the freeway in each direction. A short distance later, Route 133 crosses over U. S. Route 130 with an interchange with some movements missing. After US130, the highway continues eastward, crossing over CR539, Route 133 turns to the southeast once again, continuing to the south of a condominium complex. Leaving the condos behind, the highway turns southward through lands, Route 133 continues southward, crossing over Wyckoff Mills Road, which serves as the southern terminus of Cranbury Station Road. As the road parallels Wyckoff Mills Road, the freeway continues eastward. To the south of Wyckoff Mills Road, Route 133 continues as a four-lane freeway, soon after, Route 133 turns southward, heading away from Wyckoff Mills Road and reaches a single-point urban interchange with Route 33. The roadway past the plaza becomes part of the trumpet interchange for the Turnpike. In 1950, governor Alfred E. Driscoll exercised the need for the expressway, citing that it is unwise to expect city streets to bear the brunt of through, truck. However, State Highway Route 31A was decommissioned in the 1953 state highway renumbering to a portion of highway in West Windsor as Route 64
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Grover's Mill, New Jersey
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Grovers Mill is an unincorporated community located within West Windsor Township, in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. The community was famous in Orson Welles 1938 radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds. Welles played the Shadow on radio prior to the War of the Worlds broadcast, an episode of the War of the Worlds TV series takes place in Grovers Mill on the 50th anniversary of the Welles radio drama, and expands on the towns ties to the infamous broadcast. An episode of the show Ben 10, Alien Force also takes place in a farm called Grovers Mill, Grovers Mill is also a 2006 film shot in Vancouver, BC
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Cranbury, New Jersey
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Cranbury is a township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 3,857. A deed for a sale of land and improvements dated March 1,1698, is the earliest evidence of buildings constructed in present-day Cranbury. As part of orders issued during the Presidency of George Washington, maps of Cranbury were made showing the presence of a church, during its earliest years, the location was usually spelled as Cranberry. Rev. Joseph G. Symmes argued in 1857 that the name was spelled improperly, the name has been attributed to wild cranberries that grew in the area. The so-called Hightstown rail accident occurred in or near Cranbury, in 1833, among the passengers aboard were Tyrone Power and Cornelius Vanderbilt. Cranbury was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 7,1872, portions of the township were taken on April 1,1919, to form Plainsboro Township. George Washingtons headquarters were located in Cranbury while planning for the Battle of Monmouth, many buildings on Cranburys Main Street and in the surrounding area date to the 18th or 19th century. The entire downtown area is designated as a Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 as District #80002502, the township celebrated its tricentennial in 1998. Updike Parsonage Barn was relocated and reconstructed in 2010, according to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 13.397 square miles, including 13.247 square miles of land and 0.150 square miles of water. Cranbury CDP is a community and census-designated place located within Cranbury Township. Other unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Brain Grove Lake, Cranbury Station, Wescott, the township borders Plainsboro Township, Monroe Township and South Brunswick Township in Middlesex County, and East Windsor Township in Mercer County. As of the census of 2010, there were 3,857 people,1,320 households, the population density was 291.2 per square mile. There were 1,371 housing units at a density of 103.5 per square mile. [[Hispanic |Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 57% of the population,17. 5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the family size was 3.21. In the township, the population was out with 27. 2% under the age of 18,5. 4% from 18 to 24,15. 1% from 25 to 44,35. 5% from 45 to 64. The median age was 46.2 years, for every 100 females there were 94.2 males
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New Jersey Route 13
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Route 13 is a short state highway in the communities of Point Pleasant and Bay Head, New Jersey, both of which are in Ocean County. The route consists of the Lovelandtown Bridge, and a part of Bridge Avenue. The route is unsigned, designated in the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering as a re-designation of Route 13E from Hollywood Boulevard to Bay Avenue.76 miles. The takeover did not reach that point, and the bridge, Route 13 received several reconstructions since 1929, including a replacement in 1971 and rehabilitation in 2005. Route 13 begins at an intersection where Ocean County Route 632 meets Hollywood Place in Point Pleasant, the route heads eastward along Bridge Avenue, passing to the south of local businesses and to the north of local residences. The bridge soon re-enters land, where it parallels Elm Avenue for a distance before turning away to the southeast. The route heads into downtown Bay Head, where it reaches an intersection with Bay Avenue, County Route 632 continues eastward to New Jersey Route 35. Originally, the bridge over the Point Pleasant Canal, the Lovelandtown Bridge, was constructed in 1929 for a route above Bridge Avenue. The designation of Route 13 originated as an alignment of Ocean County Route 13-E, the route was to be 1.76 miles long, but the extension was never produced. In the 1953 renumbering, the dropped the suffix and renumbered the bridge. During a storm in 1962, the built in 1929 was swept away in a storm. The bridge was replaced in 1971 with a 291.01 feet long steel lift bridge. The bridge has remained intact since. Structurally, Route 13 was a rehabilitation on the bridge and its approaches in October 2004, the bridge construction was completed by Carr & Duff Inc. which had received the project in June of that year. The Department of Transportation and Governor James E. McGreevey forwarded $2.4 million to the company for construction, the entire route is in Ocean County. Roads portal New Jersey portal Media related to New Jersey Route 13 at Wikimedia Commons Secret NJ13 New Jersey Highway Ends, Route 13 Speed Limits for Route 13
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New Jersey Route 162
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Route 162 is an unsigned 0. 70-mile long state highway in Lower Township, New Jersey, United States. The highways designation consists entirely of a bridge on Seashore Road, the southern terminus of the highway is an intersection with County Routes 641 and 626 in Lower Township. After crossing the Cape May Canal, Route 162 terminates at an intersection with County Routes 603 and 626 in Lower Township, Route 162 and County Route 626 date back to the 1850s, when local businessmen and county financial Richard Holmes put together the Cape May Turnpike. The turnpike was chartered in 1854, but construction did not begin until 1857, the turnpike however, caused a lot of controversy, and struggled to live. For many years, railroads were proposed, becoming possible competition for Holmes, the railroad was constructed in 1863, just nine years after the charter of the turnpike syndicate. Route S4C was designated by the New Jersey Legislature in 1929 as a spur of Route 4, beginning at Bennett and running south on Seashore Road and Broadway, Route S4C was never taken over by the state. However, when the United States Army Corps of Engineers built the Cape May Canal during World War II, the Army Corps built a low level bridge close to the pre-canal alignment. The New Jersey Department of Transportation built a bridge in 1971 on a new alignment. Before 1854, the area based around Bridgeton was a strong business, Holmes and the locals began a local turnpike syndicate with other businessmen and began the Cape May Turnpike Company upon incorporation in 1854. The turnpike company, upon incorporation, was to build a road along roughly the U. S. Route 9 corridor. Progress in constructing the road was slow at first, with subscribers from Cape May County being hesitant to buy stock from the turnpike company. A friend of Richard Holmes, Wilmon Whilldin, owned a company in Cape May. Citing the Panic of 1857 made it hard to convert securities to cash, the money from the steamboat would go ahead and helped the financially depressed businesses in local communities. Although local business owners and land owners held out hope that the company would pay off. The farmers refused to the sell their land, and locals started showing opposition due to the fact it would cost money to deliver important foods. One of those locals, John Tomlin from Goshen, soon brought up the idea of the Shunpike – a free turnpike road to the west of the Cape May Turnpike. However, the company kept pushing forward, persuading Hand and Hoffman to sell land in 1857. Eventually, locals began to move towards support of the turnpike
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Microsoft
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Its best known software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, Microsoft Office office suite, and Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers. Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface tablet lineup, as of 2016, it was the worlds largest software maker by revenue, and one of the worlds most valuable companies. Microsoft was founded by Paul Allen and Bill Gates on April 4,1975, to develop and it rose to dominate the personal computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by Microsoft Windows. The companys 1986 initial public offering, and subsequent rise in its share price, since the 1990s, it has increasingly diversified from the operating system market and has made a number of corporate acquisitions. In May 2011, Microsoft acquired Skype Technologies for $8.5 billion, in June 2012, Microsoft entered the personal computer production market for the first time, with the launch of the Microsoft Surface, a line of tablet computers. The word Microsoft is a portmanteau of microcomputer and software, Paul Allen and Bill Gates, childhood friends with a passion for computer programming, sought to make a successful business utilizing their shared skills. In 1972 they founded their first company, named Traf-O-Data, which offered a computer that tracked and analyzed automobile traffic data. Allen went on to pursue a degree in science at Washington State University. The January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics featured Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systemss Altair 8800 microcomputer, Allen suggested that they could program a BASIC interpreter for the device, after a call from Gates claiming to have a working interpreter, MITS requested a demonstration. Since they didnt actually have one, Allen worked on a simulator for the Altair while Gates developed the interpreter and they officially established Microsoft on April 4,1975, with Gates as the CEO. Allen came up with the name of Micro-Soft, as recounted in a 1995 Fortune magazine article. In August 1977 the company formed an agreement with ASCII Magazine in Japan, resulting in its first international office, the company moved to a new home in Bellevue, Washington in January 1979. Microsoft entered the OS business in 1980 with its own version of Unix, however, it was MS-DOS that solidified the companys dominance. For this deal, Microsoft purchased a CP/M clone called 86-DOS from Seattle Computer Products, branding it as MS-DOS, following the release of the IBM PC in August 1981, Microsoft retained ownership of MS-DOS. Since IBM copyrighted the IBM PC BIOS, other companies had to engineer it in order for non-IBM hardware to run as IBM PC compatibles. Due to various factors, such as MS-DOSs available software selection, the company expanded into new markets with the release of the Microsoft Mouse in 1983, as well as with a publishing division named Microsoft Press. Paul Allen resigned from Microsoft in 1983 after developing Hodgkins disease, while jointly developing a new OS with IBM in 1984, OS/2, Microsoft released Microsoft Windows, a graphical extension for MS-DOS, on November 20,1985. Once Microsoft informed IBM of NT, the OS/2 partnership deteriorated, in 1990, Microsoft introduced its office suite, Microsoft Office
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Google
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Google is an American multinational technology company specializing in Internet-related services and products. These include online advertising technologies, search, cloud computing, software, Google was founded in 1996 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph. D. students at Stanford University, in California. Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares, and they incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4,1998. An initial public offering took place on August 19,2004, in August 2015, Google announced plans to reorganize its various interests as a conglomerate called Alphabet Inc. Google, Alphabets leading subsidiary, will continue to be the company for Alphabets Internet interests. Upon completion of the restructure, Sundar Pichai became CEO of Google, replacing Larry Page, rapid growth since incorporation has triggered a chain of products, acquisitions, and partnerships beyond Googles core search engine. The company leads the development of the Android mobile operating system, the Google Chrome web browser, and Chrome OS, the new hardware chief, Rick Osterloh, stated, a lot of the innovation that we want to do now ends up requiring controlling the end-to-end user experience. Google has also experimented with becoming an Internet carrier, alexa, a company that monitors commercial web traffic, lists Google. com as the most visited website in the world. Several other Google services also figure in the top 100 most visited websites, including YouTube, Googles mission statement, from the outset, was to organize the worlds information and make it universally accessible and useful, and its unofficial slogan was Dont be evil. In October 2015, the motto was replaced in the Alphabet corporate code of conduct by the phrase Do the right thing, Google began in January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin when they were both PhD students at Stanford University in Stanford, California. They called this new technology PageRank, it determined a websites relevance by the number of pages, and the importance of those pages, Page and Brin originally nicknamed their new search engine BackRub, because the system checked backlinks to estimate the importance of a site. Originally, Google ran under Stanford Universitys website, with the domains google. stanford. edu, the domain name for Google was registered on September 15,1997, and the company was incorporated on September 4,1998. It was based in the garage of a friend in Menlo Park, craig Silverstein, a fellow PhD student at Stanford, was hired as the first employee. The first funding for Google was an August 1998 contribution of $100,000 from Andy Bechtolsheim, co-founder of Sun Microsystems, given before Google was incorporated. At least three other investors invested in 1998, Amazon. com founder Jeff Bezos, Stanford University computer science professor David Cheriton. Author Ken Auletta claims that each invested $250,000, early in 1999, Brin and Page decided they wanted to sell Google to Excite. They went to Excite CEO George Bell and offered to sell it to him for $1 million, vinod Khosla, one of Excites venture capitalists, talked the duo down to $750,000, but Bell still rejected it. Googles initial public offering took place five years later, on August 19,2004, at that time Larry Page, Sergey Brin, and Eric Schmidt agreed to work together at Google for 20 years, until the year 2024
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Google Maps
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Google Maps is a web mapping service developed by Google. It offers satellite imagery, street maps, 360° panoramic views of streets, real-time traffic conditions, Google maps began as a C++ desktop program designed by Lars and Jens Eilstrup Rasmussen at Where 2 Technologies. In October 2004, the company was acquired by Google, which converted it into a web application, after additional acquisitions of a geospatial data visualization company and a realtime traffic analyzer, Google Maps was launched in February 2005. The services front end utilizes JavaScript, XML, and Ajax, Google Maps offers an API that allows maps to be embedded on third-party websites, and offers a locator for urban businesses and other organizations in numerous countries around the world. Google Map Maker allows users to expand and update the services mapping worldwide. Much of the satellite imagery is no more than three years old and is updated on a regular basis. Google Maps uses a variant of the Mercator projection. The current redesigned version of the application was made available in 2013. Google Maps for mobile was released in September 2008 and features GPS turn-by-turn navigation, in August 2013, it was determined to be the worlds most popular app for smartphones, with over 54% of global smartphone owners using it at least once. In 2012, Google reported having over 7,100 employees, Google Maps provides a route planner under Get Directions. Up to four modes of transportation are available depending on the area, driving, public transit, walking, in combination with Google Street View, issues such as parking, turning lanes, and one-way streets can be viewed before traveling. China mainland, Hong Kong, Macau, Jordan, Lebanon, only public transit directions are provided for South Korea. All countries of mainland North and Central America are covered contiguously, all countries of mainland South America are covered. All countries including Trinidad and Tobago* are treated contiguously, all inhabited countries and territories in the Caribbean are covered, though in general there are no connections between islands. Like many other Google web applications, Google Maps uses JavaScript extensively, as the user drags the map, the grid squares are downloaded from the server and inserted into the page. When a user searches for a business, the results are downloaded in the background for insertion into the panel and map. Locations are drawn dynamically by positioning a red pin on top of the map images, a hidden IFrame with form submission is used because it preserves browser history. The site also uses JSON for data rather than XML
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Asbury Park Press
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The Asbury Park Press is a daily newspaper in Monmouth and Ocean counties of New Jersey and has the third largest circulation in the state. The Press investigative team was a finalist for the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in Public Service, the newspaper was also the home to editorial cartoonist Steve Breen when he won the Pulitzer Prize in that category in 1998. Gannett purchased the paper in 1997 and it also won The National Headliner Award for public service, the SPJ/SDX National Award for public service in the large papers category, and the APME Public Service Award for large papers. Asbury Park Press official site Mobile website
CR 526 / CR 571 / CR 615 in West Windsor
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Media related to New Jersey Route 64 at Wikimedia Commons