1.
Mikhail Gorbachev
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Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is a former Soviet statesman. He was the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, having been General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991 and he was the countrys head of state from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991. Gorbachev was born in Stavropol Krai into a peasant Ukrainian–Russian family and he graduated from Moscow State University in 1955 with a degree in law. While he was at the university, he joined the Communist Party, in 1970, he was appointed the First Party Secretary of the Stavropol Regional Committee, First Secretary to the Supreme Soviet in 1974, and appointed a member of the Politburo in 1979. Within three years of the death of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev, following the brief interregna of Andropov and Chernenko, before he reached the post, he had occasionally been mentioned in Western newspapers as a likely next leader and a man of the younger generation at the top level. Gorbachevs policies of glasnost and perestroika and his reorientation of Soviet strategic aims contributed to the end of the Cold War. He was awarded the Otto Hahn Peace Medal in 1989, the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990 and this was Gorbachevs third attempt to establish a political party, having started the Social Democratic Party of Russia in 2001 and the Union of Social Democrats in 2007. Gorbachev was born on 2 March 1931 in Privolnoye, Stavropol Krai, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union, into a mixed Russian-Ukrainian family of migrants from Voronezh, as a child, Gorbachev experienced the Soviet famine of 1932–1933. He recalled in a memoir that In that terrible year nearly half the population of my village, Privolnoye, starved to death. Both of his grandfathers were arrested on charges in the 1930s. His father was a combine harvester operator and World War II veteran and his mother, Maria Panteleyevna Gorbacheva, was a kolkhoz worker. He was brought up mainly by his Ukrainian maternal grandparents, in his teens, he operated combine harvesters on collective farms. He graduated from Moscow State University in 1955 with a degree in law, in 1967 he qualified as an agricultural economist via a correspondence masters degree at the Stavropol Institute of Agriculture. While at the university, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and soon very active within the party. Gorbachev met his wife, Raisa Titarenko, daughter of a Ukrainian railway engineer. They married in September 1953 and moved to Stavropol upon graduation and she gave birth to their only child, daughter Irina Mikhailovna Virganskaya, in 1957. Raisa Gorbacheva died of leukemia in 1999, Gorbachev has two granddaughters and one great granddaughter. Gorbachev attended the important twenty-second Party Congress in October 1961, where Nikita Khrushchev announced a plan to surpass the U. S. in per capita production within twenty years, Gorbachev rose in the Communist League hierarchy and worked his way up through territorial leagues of the party
2.
Divinity
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Such things are regarded as divine due to their transcendental origins or because their attributes or qualities are superior or supreme relative to things of the Earth. Divine things are regarded as eternal and based in truth, while things are regarded as ephemeral. Such things that may qualify as divine are apparitions, visions, prophecies, miracles, and in some also the soul, or more general things like resurrection, immortality, grace. Otherwise what is or is not divine may be loosely defined, the root of the word divine is literally godly, but the use varies significantly depending on which deity is being discussed. This article outlines the major distinctions in the use of the terms. For specific related academic terms, see Divinity, or Divine, for instance, Jehovah is closely associated with storms and thunder throughout much of the Old Testament. He is said to speak in thunder, and thunder is seen as a token of his anger and this power was then extended to prophets like Moses and Samuel, who caused thunderous storms to rain down on their enemies. Divinity always carries connotations of goodness, beauty, beneficence, justice, pantheistic and polytheistic faiths make no such distinction, gods and other beings of transcendent power often have complex, ignoble, or even irrational motivations for their acts. Note that while the demon and demonic are used in monotheistic faiths as antonyms to divine, they are in fact derived from the Greek word daimón. There are three distinct usages of divinity and divine in religious discourse, In monotheistic faiths, the divinity is often used to refer to the singular God central to that faith. Often the word takes the article and is capitalized — the Divinity — as though it were a proper name or definitive honorific. Divine — capitalized — may be used as an adjective to refer to the manifestations of such a Divinity or its powers and this leads to the second usage of the word divine, to refer to the operation of transcendent power in the world. In its most direct form, the operation of transcendent power implies some form of divine intervention, for pan- and polytheistic faiths this usually implies the direct action of one god or another on the course of human events. In monotheistic religions, divine intervention may take very direct forms, miracles, visions, transcendent force or power may also operate through more subtle and indirect paths. Monotheistic faiths generally support some version of divine providence, which acknowledges that the divinity of the faith has a profound but unknowable plan always unfolding in the world. Unforeseeable, overwhelming, or seemingly unjust events are often thrown on the will of the Divine, in deferences like the Muslim inshallah, in the third usage, extensions of divinity and divine power are credited to living, mortal individuals. More commonly, and more pertinent to recent history, leaders merely claim some form of divine mandate, in Greek mythology, Achilles mother bathed him in the river Styx to give him immortality, and Hercules — as the son of Zeus — inherited near-godly powers. In religious Taoism, Lao Tsu is venerated as a saint with his own powers, various individuals in the Buddhist faith, beginning with Siddhartha, are considered to be enlightened, and in religious forms of Buddhism they are credited with divine powers
3.
History of New Thought
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The history of New Thought started in the 1830s, with roots in the United States and England. As a spiritual movement with roots in metaphysical beliefs, New Thought has helped guide a variety of changes throughout the 19th, 20th. Psychologist and philosopher William James labelled New Thought the religion of healthy-mindedness in his study on religion and science, rooted in Socrates notion of universal science, early New Thought leaders shared a Romantic interest between metaphysics and American Christianity. In addition to New Thought, Christian Science, transcendental meditation, theosophy, before anyone practiced New Thought as a set of beliefs there were a few influential figures whose teaching later contributed to the movement. The founder of the 18th century New Church, Emanuel Swedenborg, ralph Waldo Emerson was also influential, as his philosophical movement of transcendentalism is incorporated throughout New Thought. Franz Mesmers work on hypnosis drove the work of Phineas Quimby, Phineas P. Quimby is widely recognized as the founder of the New Thought movement. Born in Lebanon, New Hampshire but raised in Belfast, Maine, about 1840, Quimby began to practice hypnotism, or mesmerism as it was called. Through this practice and further study, he developed the view that illness is a matter of the mind and he opened an office for mental healing in Portland in 1859. Calvinistic Baptist ministerial candidate Julius Dresser and his wife Annetta G. Seabury came from Waterville and they were healed in a short time. In 1882, Dresser and Seabird began promoting what they called the Quimby System of Mental Treatment of Diseases in Boston and their son Horatio figures importantly as New Thoughts first historian. Horatio, a lecturer, edited The Quimby Manuscripts, which Quimby wrote between 1846 and 1865. In 1862 Mary Baker Eddy, originally a Congregational Church member, in later years Eddy went on to found Christian Science. Because of this, while not seen as a New Thought denomination, Christian Scientists disagree, frequently stating that Eddy was not influenced by Quimby. In 1875 Eddy published Science and Health, thus establishing Christian Science as a denomination, a former Methodist minister and Swedenborgian minister named Warren Evans came to Quimby for healing in 1863. When he was healed shortly after, he started writing New Thought literature immediately, one source names him as the first person to publish a clear philosophy based on Quimbys practices. Prentice Mulford and his White Cross Library is where the name New Thought, after the philosophy of New Thought was established, several individuals and organizations rose to prominence to promote the beliefs. However, there is no consensus on who founded the New Thought movement, Charles Brodie Patterson has been credited. Patterson, a Canadian expatriate who lived in New York City, was labelled the movements leader when he died in the early 20th century
4.
Law of attraction (New Thought)
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In the New Thought philosophy, the law of attraction is the belief that by focusing on positive or negative thoughts a person brings positive or negative experiences into their life. The concept of law of attraction received criticism in skeptical essays, Law of attraction is an example of a pseudoscience. The New Thought movement grew out of the teachings of Phineas Quimby in the early 19th century, Therefore if your mind has been deceived by some invisible enemy into a belief, you have put it into the form of a disease, with or without your knowledge. By my theory or truth I come in contact with your enemy and this I do partly mentally and partly by talking till I correct the wrong impressions and establish the Truth, and the Truth is the cure. In 1877, the law of attraction appeared in print for the first time in a book written by the Russian occultist Helena Blavatsky. Even if the New Age movement adopted many New Thought ideas, including that of the law of attraction, the law of attraction remains a new thought philosophical concept. In 2006, the concept of the law of attraction gained a lot of renewed exposure with the release of the film The Secret which was developed into a book of the same title in 2007. The movie and book gained attention in the media. Ralph Trine wrote in In Tune With The Infinite, The law of attraction works universally on every plane of action, if we desire one thing and expect another, we become like houses divided against themselves, which are quickly brought to desolation. Determine resolutely to expect only what you desire, then you will attract only what you wish for and she claims the combination of thought and feeling, seeing it as already manifested is what attracts the desire. A core claim by New Thought authors is that our thoughts influence our health. They believe that worry, fear, stress or other negative thoughts make people sick, while positive thoughts of wellness or love can keep people healthy and even cure illnesses. Proponents also claim that an important part of maintaining health and of curing illness is to be able to visualize yourself as being healthy. It is claimed that if someone consistently thinks prosperous thoughts then irrespective of their actual situation they will experience prosperity in the future because like attracts like, conversely if a person consistently thinks that they are poor then that will be their future experience. One example used by Lisa Nichols in the film The Secret is as follows, Every time you look inside your mail expecting to see a bill, each day you go out dreading the bill, youre never expecting anything great, youre thinking about debt, youre expecting debt. So debt must show up. it showed up, because the law of attraction is always being obedient to your thoughts, feeling happy and grateful for the money you already have, is claimed to be the fastest way to bring more money into your life. Law of attraction proponents claim that it affects our relationships because whatever we focus on we experience more of and they also claim that if you can visualize that a certain person is being nice to you, then you will be attracting experiences that match those thoughts. One thing will lead to another, the New Thought concept of the law of attraction is rooted in ideas that come from various philosophical and religious traditions
5.
Optimism
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The term is originally derived from the Latin optimum, meaning best. Being optimistic, in the sense of the word, is defined as expecting the best possible outcome from any given situation. This is usually referred to in psychology as dispositional optimism and it thus reflects a belief that future conditions will work out for the best. Theories of optimism include dispositional models, and models of explanatory style, variation in optimism and pessimism is somewhat heritable and reflects biological trait systems to some degree. It is also influenced by environmental factors, including family environment, Optimism may also be linked to health. Researchers operationalize the term differently depending on their research, as with any trait characteristic, there are several ways to evaluate optimism, such as the Life Orientation Test. Dispositional optimism and pessimism are typically assessed by asking whether they expect future outcomes to be beneficial or negative. The LOT returns separate optimism and pessimism scores for each individual, behaviourally, these two scores correlate around r =0.5. Optimistic scores on this scale predict better outcomes in relationships, higher social status, health preserving behaviors are associated with optimism while health-damaging behaviors are associated with pessimism. Some have argued that pessimism and optimism are ends of a single dimension, confirmatory modelling, however, supports a two-dimensional model and the two dimensions predict different outcomes. Explanatory style is distinct from theories of optimism. In addition, the measures distinguish attributions for positive and for negative events, an optimistic person is one who attributes internal, stable, and global explanations to good things. Pessimistic explanations are those which attribute these traits of stability, globality and internality to negative events, there is much debate about the relationship between explanatory style and optimism. Some researchers argue that optimism is simply the lay-term for what researchers know as explanatory style, more commonly, it is found that explanatory style is quite distinct from dispositional optimism, and the two should not be used interchangeably as they are marginally correlated at best. More research is required to bridge or further differentiate these concepts and it has been suggested that optimism may be indirectly inherited as a reflection of underlying heritable traits such as intelligence, temperament and alcoholism. Many theories assume optimism can be learned, and research supports a modest role of family-environment acting to raise optimism, there are eight items and four filler items. Four are positive items and four are negative items e. g, if something can go wrong for me, it will. The LOT has been revised twice—once by the creators and also by Chang, Maydeu-Olivares
6.
Prosperity theology
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It is based on interpretations of the Bible that are traditional to Judaism, though less so in Christianity. Prosperity theology views the Bible as a contract between God and humans, if humans have faith in God, he will deliver security and prosperity, the doctrine emphasizes the importance of personal empowerment, proposing that it is Gods will for his people to be happy. The atonement is interpreted to include the alleviation of sickness and poverty and this is believed to be achieved through donations of money, visualization, and positive confession. The prosperity teaching later figured prominently in the Word of Faith movement, in the 1990s and 2000s, it was adopted by influential leaders in the Pentecostal Movement and Charismatic Movement in the United States and has spread throughout the world. This gospel of wealth, however, was an expression of Muscular Christianity, the New Thought movement, which emerged in the 1880s, was responsible for popularizing belief in the power of the mind to achieve prosperity. While initially focused on achieving mental and physical health, New Thought teachers such as Charles Fillmore made material success a major emphasis of the movement, by the 20th century, New Thought concepts had saturated American popular culture, being common features of both self-help literature and popular psychology. E. W. Kenyon, a Baptist minister and adherent of the Higher Life movement, is credited with introducing mind-power teachings into early Pentecostalism, in the 1890s, Kenyon attended Emerson College of Oratory where he was exposed to the New Thought movement. Kenyon later became connected with well-known Pentecostal leaders and wrote about supernatural revelation and his writing influenced leaders of the nascent prosperity movement during the post-war American healing revival. Kenyon and later leaders in the prosperity movement have denied that he was influenced by the New Thought movement, anthropologist Simon Coleman argues that there are obvious parallels between Kenyons teachings and New Thought. Kenyon taught that Christs substitutionary atonement secured for believers a right to divine healing, Prayer was understood to be a binding, legal act. Rather than asking, Kenyon taught believers to demand healing since they were legally entitled to receive it. Kenyons blend of religion and mind-power beliefs—what he termed overcoming faith—resonated with a small. Pentecostals had always been committed to healing, and the movement also possessed a strong belief in the power of speech. Kenyons ideas would be reflected in the teachings of Pentecostal evangelists F. F. Bosworth, in fact, early Pentecostals tended to view prosperity as a threat to a persons spiritual well-being. By the 1940s and 1950s, however, a form of the doctrine began to take shape within the Pentecostal movement through the teachings of deliverance. Combining prosperity teaching with revivalism and faith healing, these evangelists taught the laws of faith, Oral Roberts began teaching prosperity theology in 1947. He explained the laws of faith as a pact in which God would return donations seven fold. Roberts offered to return any donation that did not lead to an equivalent unexpected payment, in the 1970s, Roberts characterized his blessing pact teaching as the seed faith doctrine, donations were a form of seed which would grow in value and be returned to the donor
7.
Church of Divine Science
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The Church of Divine Science is a religious movement within the wider New Thought movement. The group was formalized in San Francisco in the 1880s under Malinda Cramer, in March 1888 Cramer and her husband Frank chartered the Home College of Spiritual Science. Two months later Cramer changed the name of her school to the Home College of Divine Science, during the dramatic growth of the New Thought Movement in the United States. The churchs official founders were Malinda Cramer and Nona L. Brooks, with Fannie Brooks James, Alethea Brooks Small, both Phineas Quimby and Emma Curtis Hopkins, noted New Thought leader of the day, were a direct influence. Nona Brooks was introduced to Hopkinss teachings through a student of Hopkins in Pueblo and this student was most likely Kate Bingham who lived in Pueblo and was the second wife of Frank Bingham, a noted rancher. Kate Bingham had been exposed to the tenets of Christian Science on a trip she had made to Chicago in the 1870s, a doctor in Pueblo had told a pregnant Kate that if she gave birth, she would die. Kate then went East to have her terminated, there being no doctors in Colorado who could perform the operation at that time. While on the train to Chicago, Kate met a Christian Scientist who told her she would be able to give if she properly prepared her mind. In the end, Kate had the child at the home of her Christian Scientist friend, the women consciously set about to adapt Christian Science philosophy to what they felt was a more pragmatic application of the Divine Spirit. For instance, Divine Science, instead of relying on prayer and positive thinking. Divine Science defines itself as an organized teaching pertaining to God and it holds that its foundation truth is that limitless Being, God, is Good, is equally present everywhere, and is the All of everything. Like other New Thought churches, Divine Science considers healing very important, and emulates the work of Jesus Christ, the Denver Churchs founder, Nona Brooks, stated, The whole of Divine Science is the practice of the Presence of God. Truth comes through the Bible, Affirmative prayer, contemplation and meditation, after its foundation in 1888, by 1918 there were Divine Science churches in Denver, Seattle, Los Angeles, Oakland, Boston, Portland, Spokane, Saint Louis and New York. By 1925 churches had opened in Los Angeles, San Diego, Sacramento, Topeka, today, Divine Science has churches in Denver, Washington D. C. Greater St. Louis, Roanoke, Virginia, San Antonio, Texas, Pueblo, Colorado, San Jose, California, according to published data, there were 7,000 members in 1935 and 7,107 in 1953, but subsequent figures are not available. In recent years, Divine Science, with few site-based churches, has expanded its presence through cyber-ministries, northwoods Resources in Wisconsin provides many materials online. In addition, Symphony of Love in Santa Fe issues a weekly e-mail lesson free of charge, Symphony of Love is a group member of the Divine Science Federation, the denominational headquarters, and the INTA, International New Thought Alliance. His became the largest church audience in the U. S. during the Depression, and held services for 5,500 at the New York Hippodrome until 1938
8.
Religious Science
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Science of Mind was established in 1927 by Ernest Holmes and is a spiritual, philosophical and metaphysical religious movement within the New Thought movement. In general, the term Science of Mind applies to the teachings, however, adherents often use the terms interchangeably. He also stated that Religious Science/Science of Mind is not based on any authority of established beliefs, today the International Centers for Spiritual Living, the United Centers for Spiritual Living and Global Religious Science Ministries are the main denominations promoting Religious Science. Ernest Holmes did not originally intend for RS/SOM to be a church, in that spirit, many member churches have traditionally referred to themselves as centers. The mental healing work of Phineas Quimby was a source of inspiration to much of the New Thought movement, in 1926 Holmes published The Science of Mind, which references the teachings of Jesus Christ the Bible and Buddha. Holmes established the Institute for Religious Science and School of Philosophy in Los Angeles and this organization would later become the Church of Religious Science. Holmes had previously studied another New Thought teaching, Divine Science and he saw humans as being open at the top—that is, open to evolutionary improvement of consciousness in all areas of life. The concepts of Open at the Top and New Thought have inspired RS/SOM organizations, many believe it might be the quintessential spirituality for the next millennium. His teachings attracted famous celebrities of his time including Cecil B, deMille, Peggy Lee, and Cary Grant. The RS/SOM teaching generally incorporates idealistic and panentheistic philosophies, RS/SOM teaches that all beings are expressions of and part of Infinite Intelligence, also known as Spirit, Christ Consciousness, or God. It teaches that, because God is all there is in the universe, its power can be used by all humans to the extent that they recognize, Ernest Holmes said God is not. A person, but a Universal Presence, already in our own soul, already operating through our own consciousness. The Introduction to The Science of Mind text describes The Thing Itself, The Way It Works, What It Does, and How to Use It. Although Holmes was criticized for not focusing much on love, he did say that Love rules through Law. and Love points the way, the Law of Cause and Effect simply states that every action has a consequence — creative, destructive, or neutral. It can be described as Jesus Christ stated You reap what you sow and The bread you cast upon the water, the Law of Attraction is one aspect of that Law. It differs from the Hindu definition of karma in that it is not related to reincarnation, personal responsibility is a major tenet of RS/SOM. RS/SOM teaches that people can achieve more fulfilling lives through the practice called Spiritual Mind Treatment, Spiritual Mind Treatment is a step-by-step process, in which one states the desired outcome as if it has already happened. In that way, it differs from traditional prayer, since it does not ask an entity separate from itself to act and it declares human partnership with Infinite Intelligence to achieve success
9.
Seicho-no-Ie
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Seichō no Ie, literally House of Growth, is a syncretic, monotheistic, New Thought Japanese new religion that has spread since the end of World War II. It emphasizes gratitude for nature, the family, ancestors and, above all, Seichō no Ie is the worlds largest New Thought group. By the end of 2010 it had over 1.6 million followers and 442 facilities and this was followed by forty volumes of his Truth of Life philosophy by 1932. Ernest Holmes, founder of Religious Science, and his brother Fenwicke, were of assistance to Taniguchi. Fenwicke traveled to Japan and co-authored several books, with one called The Science of Faith becoming a cornerstone of the denomination, Taniguchi died in a Nagasaki hospital on June 17,1985, at the age of ninety-one. Today the president of Seichō no Ie is Masanobu Taniguchi, in the 2000s, Seicho-no-Ie Fundamental Movement seceded from HQ. There are now three factions of the original movement, the two largest factions are lead by Masanobu Taniguchi the president of Seichō no Ie and a group of elder teachers of Seichō no Ie known as Manabushi leads the other faction. The Manabushi only want to teach the fundamentals taught by the founder, one lone teacher who does not want to confront the current president of Seichō no Ie leads the last group. List of New Thought denominations and independent centers List of New Thought writers Clarke, a Bibliography of Japanese New Religious Movements, With Annotations and an Introduction to Japanese New Religions at Home and Abroad - Plus an Appendix on Aum Shinrikyo. Japanese New Religions, In Global Perspective, Religious Leaders of America, 2nd ed. Gale Group,1999. Official website Seicho-No-Ie US Missionary Headquarters
10.
Unity Church
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Unity, known informally as Unity Church, is a New Thought Christian organization that publishes the Daily Word devotional publication. Unity was founded in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1889 by Charles Fillmore and Myrtle Fillmore after Mrs. Fillmore had been cured of her tuberculosis, she believed and this resulted in the Fillmores studying spiritual healing and being influenced by Emma Curtis Hopkins and Mary Baker Eddy. After World War I, Unity Village was developed 15 miles from Kansas City, the movement was led, after Charles Fillmore’s death, by the Fillmores’ sons and grandchildren. Unity World Headquarters offer magazines, books, pamphlets and a prayer ministry, silent Unity, a telephone and email service, offers people help through prayer and counseling. The home of Unity is at Unity Village, Missouri, a suburb of Kansas City, Unity describes itself as a worldwide Christian organization which teaches a positive approach to life, seeking to accept the good in all people and events. Unity began as a ministry and healing has continued to be its main emphasis. It teaches that all people can improve the quality of their lives through thought, Unity describes itself as having no particular creed, no set dogma, and no required ritual. It maintains that there is good in every approach to God and it holds that one should not focus on past sins but on the potential good in all. Unity emphasizes spiritual healing, prosperity and the curing of illness by spiritual means, Unity is accepting of the beliefs of others. Churches fall under the auspices of Unity Worldwide Ministries although each church is autonomous in its practices, the five basic ideas of Unitys belief system are, God is the source and creator of all. There is no other enduring power, God is good and present everywhere. We are spiritual beings, created in God’s image, the spirit of God lives within each person, therefore, all people are inherently good. We create our life experiences through our way of thinking, there is power in affirmative prayer, which can increase a persons connection to God. Knowledge of these principles is not enough. Unity aims to demonstrate that the teachings of Jesus Christ can be lived every day and its followers believe that the true Church is a state of consciousness in mankind. Unity teaches that each person is an expression of God, that each person is sacred. H. Emilie Cadys 1896 book Lessons in Truth, A Course of Twelve Lessons in Practical Christianity is considered a text of Unity. Unity Church views God as spiritual energy which is present everywhere and is available to all people, members of the church believe that God only seeks to express the highest good through everyone and everything
11.
Affiliated New Thought Network
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The Affiliated New Thought Network, or ANTN, based in Pacific Grove, California, is an organization of New Thought centers across the United States that was founded in 1992. Recognized as a fellowship, it is an intrafaith organization. Originally for independent Religious Science ministers, today it includes all forms of New Thought organizations, the organization has a president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer, educational liaison, and general member. Each member of a center is allowed to vote within the organization, as long as they uphold New Thought ideals. One primary tool of the ANTN is affirmative prayer, in addition to teaching about New Thought, the ANTN centers provide support for a number of organizations committed to nonviolence. The Emerson Theological Institute is operated by the ANTN to provide Religious Studies degrees including bachelors, masters, and doctorates, the Institute is accredited by the Accrediting Commission International for Schools, Colleges and Theological Seminaries. Barbara Marx Hubbard developed her popular Gateway for Conscious Evolution while creating a curriculum for the Institute
12.
Agape International Spiritual Center
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Agape International Spiritual Center is a transdenominational congregation in Culver City, California. Founded in 1986 by Michael Bernard Beckwith, it currently has approximately 9,000 members who follow its New Thought spirituality, Beckwith leads the congregation along with his wife, Rickie Byars-Beckwith. Agape provides weekly services led by Beckwith, the Agape University of Transformational Studies and Leadership, religious Science Agape International Spiritual Center
13.
Centers for Spiritual Living
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The Centers for Spiritual Living, or CSL, is a religious denomination promoting Religious Science that was founded by Ernest Holmes in 1949. Before 2011, it was two organizations known as United Centers for Spiritual Living and International Centers for Spiritual Living. In 1926, Holmess major work, The Science of Mind, was published, after a growing number of the Institutes graduates established churches on teachings by Holmes, it was reorganized in 1949 as the Church of Religious Science. In the 1950s it split into two organizations that were called the United Church of Religious Science and Religious Science International. The International Centers for Spiritual Living and United Centers for Spiritual Living reunited in 2011 after more than 50 years apart, after an eight-year process, the two organizations used a shared leadership model including nearly 400 volunteers. As of 2011, the organization has over 400 churches across North America, in 2005 he was named Minister of the Year and received his Doctorate of Humanities. Dr. Kenn, along with wife Dr. Deborah Gordon, Holmes originally authored the organizations primary statement in his 1927 book, The Science of Mind. It has been adapted as the organizations statement called, What We Believe, in addition to hundreds of local centers on the world, the Centers for Spiritual Living have several major activities. They include operating the World Ministry of Prayer, publishing the Science of Mind magazine and Creative Thought magazine, the magazine started its publication in 1927, and the Institute was opened in 1972. The Holmes Institute is accredited by the Distance Education and Training Council and is a member of the Council for Higher Education Accreditation and it provides a Masters Degree program whose mission is to prepare spiritual leaders for service in the global community. There are thousands of Religious Science Practitioners around the world today, according to Vorensky and Carr, a RScP is, A trained counselor who listens to concerns and offers loving prayers in accordance to the principles of Science of Mind. Practitioners honor each person from a viewpoint and acknowledge their basic loving nature
14.
Unity Village, Missouri
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Unity Village is a village in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. The population was 99 at the 2010 census, the village is the world headquarters of Unity, which has over 2 million followers. Unity Village is located 15 miles southeast of downtown Kansas City, Missouri Unity Village is located at 38°56′47″N 94°23′58″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has an area of 1.97 square miles. On July 1,2015 a tornado ripped roofs to shreds, however, it only lasted a few seconds. As of the census of 2010, there were 99 people,65 households, the population density was 52.1 inhabitants per square mile. There were 73 housing units at a density of 38.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 85. 9% White,7. 1% African American,2. 0% Asian, hispanic or Latino of any race were 6. 1% of the population. 73. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 16. 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 1.32 and the average family size was 2.36. The median age in the village was 52.5 years. 6. 1% of residents were under the age of 18, 5% were between the ages of 18 and 24,17. 2% were from 25 to 44,55. 6% were from 45 to 64, and 16. 2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 34. 3% male and 65. 7% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 140 people,81 households, and 19 families residing in the village. The population density was 73.6 people per square mile, there were 82 housing units at an average density of 43.1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 94. 29% White,2. 86% African American,0. 71% Asian,0. 71% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 5. 71% of the population. 71. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 21. 0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 1.35 and the average family size was 2.21. In the village, the population was out with 2. 1% under the age of 18,7. 9% from 18 to 24,31. 4% from 25 to 44,42. 9% from 45 to 64. The median age was 50 years, for every 100 females there were 62.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 63.1 males, the median income for a household in the village was $29,583, and the median income for a family was $87,667
15.
International Divine Science Association
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The International Divine Science Association was founded in 1892 in San Francisco, California by religious leader and author Malinda Cramer. The International Divine Science Association hosted several New Thought Congresses through the 1890s, each Mind a Kingdom, American Women, Sexual Purity, and the New Thought Movement, 1875-1920
16.
William Walker Atkinson
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William Walker Atkinson was an attorney, merchant, publisher, and author, as well as an occultist and an American pioneer of the New Thought movement. He is also thought to be the author of the works attributed to Theron Q. He wrote an estimated 100 books, all in the last 30 years of his life and he was mentioned in past editions of Whos Who in America, in Religious Leaders of America, and in several similar publications. His works have remained in print more or less continuously since 1900, William Walker Atkinson was born in Baltimore, Maryland on December 5,1862, to Emma and William Atkinson. He began his life as a grocer at 15 years old. He married Margret Foster Black of Beverly, New Jersey, in October 1889, the second later married and had two daughters. Atkinson pursued a career from 1882 onwards and in 1894 he was admitted as an attorney to the Bar of Pennsylvania. Some time after his healing, Atkinson began to write articles on the truths he felt he had discovered, in 1889, an article by him entitled A Mental Science Catechism, appeared in Charles Fillmores new periodical, Modern Thought. By the early 1890s Chicago had become a centre for New Thought, mainly through the work of Emma Curtis Hopkins. Once in the city, he became a promoter of the movement as an editor and author. He was responsible for publishing the magazines Suggestion, New Thought and he then met Sydney Flower, a well-known New Thought publisher and businessman, and teamed up with him. In December,1901 he assumed editorship of Flowers popular New Thought magazine, during these years he built for himself an enduring place in the hearts of its readers. Article after article flowed from his pen, meanwhile, he also founded his own Psychic Club and the so-called Atkinson School of Mental Science. Both were located in the building as Flowers Psychic Research. Atkinson was a past president of the International New Thought Alliance, throughout his subsequent career, Atkinson was thought to have written under many pseudonyms. This magazine, edited by Atkinson, advertised articles by Atkinson, Yogi Ramacharaka, dumont—the latter two were later credited to Atkinson—and it had the same address as The Yogi Publishing Society, which published the works attributed to Yogi Ramacharaka. Instead they were published by The Advanced Thought Publishing Co. the same house that brought out the Theron Q and it is unclear at this late date whether he actually ever converted to any form of Hindu religion, or merely wished to write on the subject. If he did convert, he left no record of the event, according to unverifiable sources, while Atkinson was in Chicago at the Worlds Columbian Exposition in 1893, he met one Baba Bharata, a pupil of the late Indian mystic Yogi Ramacharaka
17.
Nona L. Brooks
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Nona Lovell Brooks, described as a prophet of modern mystical Christianity, was a leader in the New Thought movement and a founder of the Church of Divine Science. Brooks was born on March 22,1861 in Louisville, Kentucky, at a fairly early age, her family moved just outside Charleston, West Virginia, where Brooks graduated from the Charleston Female Academy. Due to the collapse of her fathers salt mining business, the family moved again and he died shortly after the move, when Brooks was 19. In 1890, with the aim of becoming a teacher, Brooks enrolled at Pueblo Normal School, in 1887, encouraged by her sister, Althea Brooks Small, Nona Brooks attended classes taught by Kate Bingham, proponent of the New Thought philosophy. While attending these classes, Brooks found herself healed of a persistent throat infection and shortly thereafter Brooks, in December 1898, Brooks was ordained by Malinda Cramer as a minister in the Church of Divine Science and founded the Denver Divine Science College. In 1902, Brooks founded Fulfillment, a Divine Science periodical, during this period, she also served on several Denver civic boards, including the Colorado State Prison Board. After World War I Brooks succeeded her sister Fannie James as head of the college, in the early 1930s she moved to Australia, where she established several Divine Science organizations, returning to Chicago in 1935 and then back to Denver in 1938. Nona L. Brooks died March 14,1945 in Denver, Nona was described by many who knew her as warm, gentle, and motherly, but with a strength that came from conviction. Brooks was the author of, Mysteries The Prayer that Never Fails Short Lessons in Divine Science What is Real, the Training of Children, Based upon the Practical Principles of Life Studies of Health The Kingdom of Law. Several of her sermons were collected in Into the Light of Healing, deane, Hazel Powerful is the Light, Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4286-0920-4. First Divine Science Church of Denver, Centennial, accessed May 2008, Gale Publishing Group, Nona Lovell Brooks in Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology, 5th ed. Gale Group,2001. Accessed May 2008 Gale Publishing Group, Nona Lovell Brooks in Religious Leaders of America, satter, Beryl Each Mind a Kingdom, American Women, Sexual Purity, and the New Thought Movement, 1875-1920, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-22927-3
18.
H. Emilie Cady
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Harriet Emilie Cady was an American homeopathic physician and author of New Thought spiritual writings. Her 1896 book Lessons in Truth, A Course of Twelve Lessons in Practical Christianity is now considered one of the texts on Unity Church teachings. It is the most widely read book in that movement and it has sold over 1.6 million copies since its first publication, and has been translated into eleven languages and braille. She was born on July 12,1848, in Dryden, New York, to Oliver Barlow Cady, cadys first job was as a schoolteacher in a one-room schoolhouse in her hometown. Introduced to the teachings of Albert Benjamin Simpson, Cady became deeply involved in spiritual and metaphysical studies and she was inspired and influenced by Biblical teachings and the philosophy of Ralph Waldo Emerson. She was taught by Emma Curtis Hopkins, the New Thought teacher of teachers, finding The Christ in Ourselves, a pamphlet she had written and sent unsolicited to Charles and Myrtle Fillmore, was published by them in the October 1891 issue of Thought. Beginning in 1892, a series of articles titled Lessons in Truth by Dr. Cady were published in Unity magazine and this material later was compiled into a book and was the first book Unity published. Cady died January 3,1941, in New York City, the Unity Movement, Its Evolution and Spiritual Teachings. The complete book Lessons In Truth by H. Emilie Cady Biographical webpage
19.
Dale Carnegie
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Dale Harbison Carnegie was an American writer and lecturer and the developer of famous courses in self-improvement, salesmanship, corporate training, public speaking, and interpersonal skills. Born into poverty on a farm in Missouri, he was the author of How to Win Friends and Influence People and he also wrote How to Stop Worrying and Start Living, Lincoln the Unknown, and several other books. One of the ideas in his books is that it is possible to change other peoples behavior by changing ones behavior toward them. Born in 1888 in Maryville, Missouri, Carnegie was a farmers boy. His family moved to Belton, Missouri, when he was a small child, in his teens though still having to get up at 4 a. m. every day to milk his parents cows, he managed to obtain an education at the State Teachers College in Warrensburg. His first job after college was selling correspondence courses to ranchers and he moved on to selling bacon, soap, and lard for Armour & Company. He was successful to the point of making his sales territory of South Omaha, Nebraska, after saving $500, Dale Carnegie quit sales in 1911 in order to pursue a lifelong dream of becoming a Chautauqua lecturer. When the production ended, he returned to New York, unemployed, nearly broke, there he got the idea to teach public speaking, and he persuaded the YMCA manager to allow him to instruct a class in return for 80% of the net proceeds. In his first session, he had run out of material, improvising, he suggested that students speak about something that made them angry, and discovered that the technique made speakers unafraid to address a public audience. From this 1912 début, the Dale Carnegie Course evolved, Carnegie had tapped into the average Americans desire to have more self-confidence, and by 1914, he was earning $500 every week. Carnegie changed the spelling of his last name from Carnagey to Carnegie, as Dale Carnagey he worked as assistant to Lowell Thomas in his famous travelogue With Allenby in Palestine and Lawrence in Arabia. He managed and delivered the travelogue in Canada, by 1916 Dale was able to rent Carnegie Hall itself for a lecture to a packed house. Carnegies first collection of his writings was Public Speaking, a Practical Course for Business Men and his crowning achievement, however, was when Simon & Schuster published How to Win Friends and Influence People. The book was a bestseller from its debut in 1936, in its 17th printing within a few months, by the time of Carnegies death, the book had sold five million copies in 31 languages, and there had been 450,000 graduates of his Dale Carnegie Institute. It has been stated in the book that he had critiqued over 150,000 speeches in his participation in the education movement of the time. During World War I he served in the U. S. Army and his first marriage ended in divorce in 1931. On November 5,1944, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, he married Dorothy Price Vanderpool, Vanderpool had two daughters, Rosemary, from her first marriage, and Donna Dale from their marriage together. Carnegie died at his home in Forest Hills, New York and he was buried in the Belton, Cass County, Missouri, cemetery
20.
Robert Collier (author)
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Robert Collier was an American author of self-help, and New Thought metaphysical books in the 20th century. He was the nephew of Peter Fenelon Collier, founder of Colliers Weekly and he was involved in writing, editing, and research for most of his life. His book The Secret of the Ages sold over 300,000 copies during his life, Collier wrote about the practical psychology of abundance, desire, faith, visualization, confident action, and personal development. Robert Collier Publications, Inc. still exists through the efforts of his widow and now his children and grandchildren, Colliers Books have recently been brought back to prominence from being referenced in the popular metaphysical movie The Secret. In the book The Secret Rhonda Byrne writes, The glimpse came in a hundred-year-old book, robert Colliers books have been popular with self-help and New Thought groups. The first principle of success is desire--knowing what you want, Desire is the planting of your seed. Very few persons, comparatively, know how to Desire with sufficient intensity, the first essential, of course, is to know what you want. All power is from within and is therefore under our own control, success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out
21.
Malinda Cramer
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Malinda Elliott Cramer was a founder of the Church of Divine Science, a healer, and an important figure in the early New Thought movement. Cramer was born in Greensboro, Indiana, the daughter of Obediah, hoping to alleviate a persistent health problem, she moved to San Francisco in 1872, where she met Charles Lake Cramer, a photographer, whom she married in 1872. Despite the move, health problems continued to plague her, making her an effective invalid, within two years she was healed. In 1887, she began to practice faith-healing herself, in October 1888, Cramer inaugurated Harmony, a monthly journal. In May 1888, she and her husband opened what would become the Home College of Divine Science, in 1892, Cramer founded the International Divine Science Association, a forerunner of the International New Thought Alliance, which would interconnect the various New Thought centers. In 1893, she helped open the second Divine Science College, in Oakland, between 1893 and 1898, Cramer trained Nona L. Brooks, ordaining her as a minister in the Church of Divine Science on December 1,1898. Brooks returned to Denver and, with sisters Fannie Brooks James and Alethea Brooks Small, formed a church there, Cramer died August 2,1906, in San Francisco, due to a recurrence of her tuberculosis as a result of the aftermath of the great San Francisco earthquake. Malinda Cramer was the author of books, including, Divine Science And Healing. Originally published as Lessons in the Science of Infinite Spirit, revised edition was published as Divine Science and Healing C. L. Cramer,1902. In 1905, published as Divine Science and Healing, A Text-book for the Study of Divine Science, Its Application in Healing, in 1957, published as Divine Science, Its Principles and Practice, Fannie B. James, ed. Divine Science Federation Intl,1957, Hidden Harmony Published as Malinda Cramers Hidden Harmony, Joan Cline-McCrary, ed. Divine Science Federation International,1990. Basic Statements and Health Treatment of Truth, A System of Instruction in Divine Science and Its Application in Healing and for Class Training, Home, a Republic of Mind and Spirit, A Cultural History of American Metaphysical Religion. Cramer, Malinda Divine Science and Healing, Colorado College of Divine Science, first Divine Science Church of Denver, Centennial, accessed May 2008. Keller, Rosemary Skinner, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Marie Cantlon, encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America. Divine Science page on Malinda Cramer, accessed May 2008, gale Publishing Malinda Cramer in Contemporary Authors Online. Gale Publishing Nona Lovell Brooks and Malinda Cramer in Religious Leaders of America, satter, Beryl Each Mind a Kingdom, American Women, Sexual Purity, and the New Thought Movement, 1875-1920, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-22927-3
22.
Horatio Dresser
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Horatio Willis Dresser was a New Thought religious leader and author. Dresser was born January 15,1866 in Yarmouth, Maine to Julius and his parents were involved in the early New Thought movement through their study with Phineas Parkhurst Quimby. Horatio Dresser was admitted to Harvard in 1891, but dropped out in 1893 upon the death of his father, ten years later he returned to Harvard, completing his Ph. D. in 1907. In 1895, Dresser became involved with the Metaphysical Club of Boston and that same year, Dresser published his first book, The Power of Silence. In 1896, Dresser founded the Journal of Practical Metaphysics, two years later, this journal was merged into The Arena, for which Dresser was subsequently an associate editor. The following year,1899, Dresser founded another New Thought magazine and he was a past president of the International New Thought Alliance. In 1921, after the Library of Congress made Quimbys papers available, Dresser compiled and edited a selection of Quimbys works, The Quimby Manuscripts. In this work, Dresser re-opened the controversy concerning Quimby and Mary Baker Eddy, attacking Eddy in a chapter as well as the appendix of the book, mrs. Eddy collects her facts in Historical Sketch of Metaphysical Healing. Tries to show that Quimby was a mere mesmerist, alleges that she left him in 1862. Dresser married Alice Mae Reed in 1898 and his delivery is plain, straightforward, and unadorned with the flowers of rhetoric. Dresser taught at Ursinus College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from 1911-1913 and he died March 30,1954 in Boston, Massachusetts. Education and the Philosophical Ideal,1900, a Physician to the Soul,1908. A History of the New Thought Movement,1919, a History of Ancient and Medieval Philosophy, Thomas Y. Outlines of the Psychology of Religion, Thomas Y
23.
Henry Drummond (evangelist)
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Rev Prof Henry Drummond FRSE LLD FGS was a Scottish evangelist, biologist, writer and lecturer. Drummond was born at Park Place in Stirling, the son of William Drummond a seedsman and his early education was at Stirling High School and Morrisons Academy. He was educated at Edinburgh University, where he displayed an inclination for physical and mathematical science. The religious element was a more powerful factor in his nature. While preparing for the ministry, he became for a time interested in the evangelizing mission of Moody and Sankey. In 1877 he became lecturer on science in the Free Church College on Lynedoch Street in Glasgow. His studies resulted in his writing Natural Law in the Spiritual World, before the book was published in 1883, an invitation from the African Lakes Company drew Drummond away to Central Africa. In 1880 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and his proposers were Sir Archibald Geikie, William Thomson, Lord Kelvin, John Gray McKendrick, and Sir Robert Christison. Upon his return in the year he found himself famous. In 1884 he was a guest at Haddo House for a dinner hosted by John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen, Drummond continued to be actively interested in missionary and other movements among the Free Church students. In 1888 he published Tropical Africa, a valuable digest of information, in 1890 he travelled in Australia, and in 1893 delivered the Lowell Lectures at Boston. It had been his intention to reserve them for mature revision, but an attempted piracy compelled him to hasten their publication, in this later stage of his life he lived at 3 Park Circus in Glasgow. Drummonds health failed shortly afterwards, and he died on 11 March 1897 whilst travelling in Tunbridge Wells and his body was returned to Holy Rude Cemetery in Stirling for burial with his parents. The grave, marked by a distinctive red granite Celtic cross. In 1905 a medallion plaque to his memory was erected in the Free Church College in Edinburgh, Drummond never married and had no children. See Lennoxs book for a bibliography of Drummonds writings. New York, Doubleday & McClure Company, Edinburgh, Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier,1901, Drummond, Henry. Natural Law in the Spiritual World, Moody and His Proteges, Henry Drummond and R. A
24.
Mary Baker Eddy
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Mary Baker Eddy was the founder of Christian Science, a new religious movement in the United States in the latter half of the 19th century. Eddy wrote the movements textbook Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures and she also founded the Christian Science Publishing Society, which continues to publish a number of periodicals, including The Christian Science Monitor. Eddy was born Mary Morse Baker in a farmhouse in Bow, New Hampshire to farmer Mark Baker and his wife Abigail Barnard Baker, née Ambrose. Eddy was the youngest of the Bakers six children, boys Samuel Dow, Albert, and George Sullivan, followed by girls Abigail Barnard, Martha Smith, and Mary Morse. Mark Baker was a religious man from a Protestant Congregationalist background. Eddy wrote that her father had been a justice of the peace at one point and he developed a reputation locally for being disputatious, one neighbor described him as tiger for a temper and always in a row. McClures reported several stories from neighbors, including that he once killed a crow with his walking stick for violating the Sabbath. The magazine described him as a supporter of slavery and alleged that he had been pleased to hear about Abraham Lincolns death, Eddy responded that Baker had been a strong believer in States’ rights, but slavery he regarded as a great sin. The Baker children inherited their fathers temper, according to McClures, they inherited his good looks. Life was nevertheless spartan and repetitive, every day began with lengthy prayer and continued with hard work. The only rest day was the Sabbath, Eddy and her father reportedly had a volatile relationship. Ernest Sutherland Bates and John V. Eddy experienced periods of sudden illness and those who knew the family described her as suddenly falling to the floor, writhing and screaming, or silent and apparently unconsciousness, sometimes for hours. On such an occasion Lyman Durgin, the Bakers teen-age chore boy, gillian Gill wrote in 1998 that Eddy was often sick as a child and appears to have suffered from an eating disorder, but reports may have been exaggerated concerning hysterical fits. Eddy described her problems with food in the first edition of Science and she also wrote in her autobiography Retrospection and Introspection that, when she was eight, she heard a voice call her name, which she interpreted as a religious experience. For some twelve months, when I was about eight years old, I repeatedly heard a voice, calling me distinctly by name, three times, in an ascending scale. That night, before going to rest, my mother read to me the Scriptural narrative of little Samuel, and bade me, the voice came, but I was afraid, and did not answer. Afterward I wept, and prayed that God would forgive me, resolving to do, next time, when the call came again I did answer, in the words of Samuel, but never again to the material senses was that mysterious call repeated. In 1836 when Eddy was fifteen, the Bakers moved twenty miles to Sanbornton Bridge, New Hampshire, known after 1869 as Tilton
25.
Charles Fillmore (Unity Church)
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Charles Sherlock Fillmore founded Unity, a church within the New Thought movement, with his wife, Myrtle Page Fillmore, in 1889. He became known as an American mystic for his contributions to spiritualist interpretations of biblical Scripture and he was born in St. Cloud, Minnesota on August 22,1854. An ice skating accident when he was ten broke Fillmores hip, in his early years, despite little formal education, he studied Shakespeare, Tennyson, Emerson and Lowell as well as works on spiritualism, Eastern religions, and metaphysics. He met his wife, Mary Caroline Page, known as Myrtle, in Denison. After losing his job there, he moved to Gunnison, Colorado where he worked at mining, after the births of their first two sons, Lowell Page Fillmore and Waldo Rickert Fillmore, the family moved to Kansas City, Missouri. Two years later, in 1886, Charles and Myrtle attended New Thought classes held by Dr. E. B, Myrtle subsequently recovered from chronic tuberculosis and attributed her recovery to her use of prayer and other methods learned in Weekss classes. Subsequently Charles began to heal from his accident, a development which he too attributed to following this philosophy. Charles Fillmore became a student of philosophy and religion. In 1890 they announced a group that would later be called Silent Unity. In 1891, Fillmores Unity magazine was first published, Dr. H. Emilie Cady published Lessons in Truth in the new magazine. This material later was compiled and published in a book by the same name, although Charles had no intention of making Unity into a denomination, his students wanted a more organized group. He and his wife were among the first ordained Unity ministers in 1906, Charles and Myrtle Fillmore operated the Unity organizations from a campus near downtown Kansas City. Charles remarried in 1933 to Cora G. Dedrick who was a collaborator on his later writings, Unity continued, growing into a worldwide movement, Unity World Headquarters at Unity Village and Unity Worldwide Ministries are the organizations of the movement. Their beliefs are centered on two propositions, God is good. God is available, in fact, God is in you and it was not necessary for people to be in the same room with them in order for them to unite in thought and prayer. In his later years, Fillmore felt so young that he thought that he might be physically immortal, Charles and Myrtle Fillmore were vegetarians
26.
Myrtle Fillmore
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Mary Caroline Myrtle Page Fillmore was co-founder of Unity, a church within the New Thought Christian movement, along with her husband Charles Fillmore. Prior to that time, she worked as a schoolteacher, Myrtle was the seventh child of an Ohio businessman-farmer. Her parents were strict Methodists, but Myrtle rejected their puritanical teachings and she contracted tuberculosis at a young age. Also at a young age she developed an enjoyment of reading. At the age of twenty-one she enrolled in the Literary Course for Ladies at Oberlin College. After graduating in 1867, she taught in schools in Clinton, Missouri, spending the next thirteen years there, except for a year in 1877-78 spent recovering from tuberculosis in Denison. In Denison, she met her husband, Charles Fillmore, who was nine years younger than she. They lived initially in Gunnison, Colorado, Then moved to Pueblo, Colorado, the family then moved to Omaha, Nebraska and then Kansas City, Missouri, where their third son, Royal, was born in 1889. List of New Thought writers List of New Thought denominations and independent centers Vahle, torch-Bearer to Light the Way, The Life of Myrtle Fillmore
27.
Charles F. Haanel
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Charles Francis Haanel was an American author, philosopher and a businessman. He is best known for his contributions to the New Thought Movement through his book The Master Key System, the Haanel family was of Swedish extraction, but had lived in Silesia, Prussia, before emigrating to Canada and thence to the United States. In St. Louis, History of the Fourth City, the author Walter B. Stevens wrote that Charles F. Haanel was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan and he was the fourth of six children. According to Stevens, The family moved to St. Louis, in 1885 he married Esther M. Smith. They had one son and two daughters, in 1908 he married for the second time, to Margaret Nicholson of St. Louis, whose father was W. A. Nicholson. He was a member of the Republican Party, a Freemason and Shriner affiliated with St. Louis Keystone Lodge No.243, during his life, Haanel earned and received several honorary academic degrees, including hon. College National Electronic Institute, Metaphysics, Psy, college of Divine Metaphysics, and M. D. When Haanel died on November 27,1949, he was 83 years old and his ashes were buried in Bellefontaine Cemetery, St. Louis. Haanels book The Master Key System, was published in 1912 and it is written in the form of a course in New Thought, mental development, financial success, and personal health. The book was promoted in the pages of Elizabeth Townes New Thought magazine The Nautilus. By 1933 it had sold over 200,000 copies worldwide. Haanel practiced the financial principles he preached, and was a self made success who owned several major companies, the original Master Key System contained 24 parts or modules of study. The allegedly lost chapters of the Master Key System, chapters 25-28, which are found in editions, are not original. Among the key points of Haanels system are what he refers to as the laws of concentration, attraction, and harmonious thinking and action. Unique to the Master Key System is a set of exercises that accompany each chapter, another important aspect of the Master Key System is the element of Truth. The understanding of Truth is derived from the understanding that Spirit is all there is, Truth provides readers/students with certainty, courage and determination to change their life for the better. Napoleon Hill Wallace Wattles Joseph Murphy The Secret In 1919, Napoleon Hill wrote Haanel a letter thanking him for The Master Key System, Haanel was quoted in the best-selling self-help book The Secret by Rhonda Byrne, published in 2007. Original titles The Amazing Secrets of the Yogi. c.1937 A Book About You,2004 How to Master Abundance and Prosperity, The Master Key System Decoded, An Executive Summary
28.
Frank Channing Haddock
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Frank Channing Haddock was an influential New Thought and self-help author, best known for his multi-volume series The Power-Book Library. Frank Channing Haddock was born in Watertown, New York and his parents were the Methodist minister George C. After graduation from Lawrence College, Appleton, WI in 1876, he first undertook training for the Methodist ministry but decided instead upon the field of law and he moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he established himself as an attorney. Haddock retired from the ministry to become a writer, as a New Thought author and lecturer, he became well known for his teachings on will power, cultivation of the will, ethics, financial and business success, philosophy, and spirituality. Like his contemporaries William Walker Atkinson and Charles F. Haanel, he exemplified the more secular, Frank Haddock died in Meriden, Connecticut on February 9,1915, at the age of 62. The cause of death was meningitis, at time a virtually untreatable disease. He was just completing his work, Creative Personality at the time. Former Appleton Residents Book Is Put On Market, Appleton Post-Crescent February 2,1920, Works by Frank Channing Haddock at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Frank Channing Haddock at Internet Archive
29.
Napoleon Hill
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Napoleon Hill was an American self-help author. He is well known for his book Think and Grow Rich which is among the top 10 best selling books of all time. Hills works insisted that fervid expectations are essential to improving ones life, most of his books were promoted as expounding principles to achieve success. Hill was born in a cabin near the Appalachian town of Pound in Southwest Virginia. His parents were James Monroe Hill and Sarah Sylvania and he was grandson of James Madison Hill and his grandfather came to the United States from England and settled in southwestern Virginia in 1847. Hills mother died when he was nine years old, and his father remarried two years later to Martha. His stepmother had a big influence on him, Hills stepmother, at the age of 13, Hill began writing as a mountain reporter, initially for his fathers paper. At the age of 15, he married a girl who had accused him of fathering her child, the girl recanted the claim. At the age of 17, Hill graduated high school and went to Tazewell, in 1901, Hill took a job working for the lawyer Rufus A. Ayers, a coal magnate and former Virginia attorney general. The author Richard Lingeman said Hill received this position after arranging to cover up the death of a black bellhop, Hill left his coal mine management job shortly afterwards, and entered law school before withdrawing for lack of funds. Later in life, Hill would use the title of Attorney of Law, Hill moved to Mobile, Alabama in 1907 and co-founded the Acree-Hill Lumber Company. In October 1908, the Pensacola Journal reported that the firm faced bankruptcy proceedings, in May 1909, Hill moved to Washington D. C. and founded the Automobile College of Washington, where he instructed students to build, chauffeur and sell motor cars. The college assembled cars for the Carter Motor Corporation, which declared bankruptcy in early 1912, in April 1912, the automobile magazine Motor World accused Hills college of being a scam relying upon on misleading marketing materials that would be a joke to anyone of average intelligence. Hills automobile college went out of later that year. While running his automobile college, in June 1910, Hill married his third wife, the couple had their first child together, James, in 1911, a second child named Napoleon Blair in 1912, and a third son, David, in 1918. After his automobile college folded, Hill moved to Lumberport, West Virginia with his wifes family and he later moved to Chicago and took a job with the LaSalle Extension University before co-founding a candy business that he named the Betsy Ross Candy Shop. In September 1915, Hill established a new school in Chicago, the George Washington Institute, later in his life, Hill would say that he spent the years of 1917-1918 advising president Woodrow Wilson amidst World War I. Following the closure of the George Washington Institute, Hill embarked on other business ventures
30.
Ernest Holmes
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Ernest Shurtleff Holmes was an American New Thought writer, teacher, and leader. He was the founder of a Spiritual movement known as Religious Science and he was the author of The Science of Mind and numerous other metaphysical books, and the founder of Science of Mind magazine, in continuous publication since 1927. His books remain in print, and the principles he taught as Science of Mind have inspired and influenced generations of metaphysical students. Holmes had previously studied another New Thought teaching, Divine Science and his influence beyond New Thought can be seen in the self-help movement. Holmes was born January 21,1887, in Lincoln, Maine and he was the son of Anna Columbia and William Nelson Holmes. He left school and his family in Maine for Boston at the age of 15, from 1908 to 1910 he worked in a store to pay for his tuition at the Leland Powers School of Expression in Boston. There he was introduced to Mary Baker Eddys Science and Health, in 1912 Holmes joined his brother Fenwicke in Venice, California. In 1927 Holmes married Hazel Durkee Foster and he died on April 7,1960. After leading small private meetings throughout the city, in 1916 Ernest Holmes was invited to speak at the Metaphysical Library in Los Angeles and this led him to repeat engagements, and on a nationwide tour. In 1919 he published his first book, The Creative Mind and that year Holmes started speaking each Sunday morning in a theatre in the Ambassador Hotel that seated 625. In November 1927, they moved to the 1, 295-seat Ebell Theatre, subsequently, Holmes lectures continued moving to ever-larger spaces, including Biltmore Hotel, and the Wiltern Theatre. In February 1927, Holmes incorporated the Institute of Religious Science and School of Philosophy, Inc. in 2015, his books Creative Mind and Creative Mind and Success were narrated by Hillary Hawkins and published in audiobook form. He named the teaching a science because he believed that its principles were scientifically provable in practice and he wrote, I would rather see a student of this Science prove its Principle than to have him repeat all the words of wisdom that have ever been uttered. Holmes ultimately came to believe in a core concept – what he saw as a Golden thread of truth that ran all of the worlds religions as well as in science. Ernest Holmes received a variety of recognition for his work, in 1945, he was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Andhra University in India. The California College of Medicine, and the Foundation Academic University of Spiritual Understanding in Venice, Italy, awarded him a Doctor of Letters. In 1942, he was bestowed with the Cross of the Commander of the Grand Humanitarian Prize of Belgium, and in 1944 he was named an honorary member of the Eugene Field Society. Creative Mind, a series of talks on mental and spiritual law delivered at the Metaphysical Institute, Los Angeles, California, the Science of Mind, a complete course of lessons in the science of mind and spirit
