New York State Route 336 (NY 336) is an east–west state highway located within Seneca County in the Finger Lakes region of New York in the United States. It extends for 4.64 miles (7.47 km), mostly along the Fayette–Varick town line, from an intersection with NY 96A in the town of Fayette to a junction with NY 414 south of the hamlet of Fayette on the Fayette–Varick border. The section of NY 336 that runs along the town line is known as Townline Road. NY 336 was assigned to its current alignment in the early 1930s.

Seneca County is located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 33,814. The primary county seat is Waterloo, moved there from the original county seat of Ovid in 1819. It became a two-shire county in 1822, which currently remains in effect and uses both locations as county seats although the majority of Seneca County administrative offices are located in Waterloo. Therefore, most political sources list only Waterloo as the county seat. The county's name comes from the Seneca Nation of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), who occupied part of the region. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.