The New York State Thruway is a system of controlled-access highways spanning 569.83 miles within the U. S. state of New York. It is operated by a New York State public-benefit corporation; the 496.00-mile mainline is a toll road that extends from the New York City line at Yonkers to the Pennsylvania state line at Ripley by way of Albany and Buffalo. According to the International Bridge and Turnpike Association, the Thruway is the fifth busiest toll road in the United States. A tolled highway connecting the major cities of New York was first proposed as early as the 1940s; the first section of the Thruway, between Utica and Rochester, opened on June 24, 1954. The remainder of the mainline and many of its spurs connecting to highways in other states and provinces were built in the 1950s. In 1957, much of the Thruway system was included as portions of Interstate 87, I-90, I-95. Other segments became part of I-287 shortly afterward. Today, the system comprises six highways: the New York–Ripley mainline, the Berkshire Connector, the Garden State Parkway Connector, the New England Thruway, the Niagara Thruway, the Cross-Westchester Expressway.

The portion of I-84 in New York was maintained by the Thruway Authority from 1991 to 2010, but was never part of the Thruway system and is maintained by NYSDOT. The Thruway utilizes a combination of closed, all-electronic tolling. Tickets are used on the Thruway mainline between Harriman and Williamsville and from Lackawanna to the Pennsylvania state line; the Berkshire Connector utilizes a ticket-based tolling system. The New England Thruway, the Niagara Thruway and the portion of the mainline south/east of Harriman use all-electronic tolling, with tolls paid using either E-ZPass or Tolls-By-Mail; the last two components—the Garden State Parkway Connector and the Cross-Westchester Expressway—and the section of the mainline in and around Buffalo are toll-free. A proposed transition to cashless tolls would eliminate all toll booths and their operators by 2020; the Thruway is subsidized by the tolls, whereas other parts are subsidized by NYSDOT, a 50/50 for the toll-free areas, cashless/tolled areas.

The New York State Thruway system is a collection of six individual components across the state of New York that connect the state to four neighboring states as well as the Canadian province of Ontario. Together, the highways extend for 569.83 miles, making the Thruway system one of the largest toll highway systems in the United States. The longest of the six components is the 496-mile mainline. Of the 570 miles in the Thruway system, 560.85 miles carries at least one Interstate Highway designation. Only three sections of the system are not part of the Interstate Highway System, they are designated as New York State Route 982L, NY 912M, NY 915H all unsigned reference routes. The speed limit, enforced by the New York State Police, is 65 miles per hour along most of the Thruway. I-90, which comprises the bulk of the mainline and the Berkshire Connector, runs for 365.55 miles along the Thruway: 17.70 miles as part of the Berkshire Connector and 347.85 miles on the mainline. I-87 comprises the remaining 148.15 miles of the mainline, including an 18.86-mile concurrency with I-287 north of New York City.

I-287 covers another 29.76 miles, while I-95 covers 15.01 miles. All highways maintained by the New York State Thruway Authority lack the reference markers that exist on all New York State Department of Transportation-maintained roads, as would be expected. In their place, NYSTA-controlled roadways use small, square tenth-mile markers with a white background and blue numbering; these markers differ from the white-on-green reference markers used by NYSDOT on state-maintained highways, which are 10 inches high and 8 inches wide and display a limited amount of mileage information on their third row. The mainline of the Thruway begins, both in terms of exit numbers and mileposts, at the boundary between the New York City borough of the Bronx and the Westchester County city of Yonkers. Here, I-87 changes from the Major Deegan Expressway to the Thruway as the mainline proceeds northward through Yonkers and southern Westchester County, it connects with Central Park Avenue at the first of 12 exits within the county.

The first few exits serve various local streets, with exit 2 providing access to Yonkers Raceway and exit 3 serving the Cross County Shopping Center. At exit 4, I-87 connects to the Cross County Parkway, an east–west parkway providing access to the Saw Mill River, Bronx River, Hutchinson River Parkways, all of which run parallel to the Thruway through Yonkers; the Hutchinson River and Bronx River parkways leave to the northeast midway through Yonkers, while the Saw Mill and Sprain Brook Parkways follow the Thruway out of the city. Exit 5 connects to Central Park Avenue. After that, exit 6 connects to Tuckahoe Road, connec

The common law of business balance expressed as "you get what you pay for", is the principle that one cannot pay a little and get a lot. In addition, paying a cheap price will not guarantee the buyer will receive a product of high quality value. In other words, a low price of a good may indicate; the statement is displayed or published in a one-sentence version: "There is hardly anything in the world that someone cannot make a little worse and sell a little cheaper, the people who consider price alone are that person's lawful prey." Or "you get what you pay for." This statement is found in this lengthier version: "There is hardly anything in the world that someone cannot make a little worse and sell a little cheaper, the people who consider price alone are that person's lawful prey. It's unwise to pay too much; when you pay too much, you lose a little money –, all. When you pay too little, you sometimes lose everything, because the thing you bought was incapable of doing the thing it was bought to do.

The common law of business balance prohibits paying a little and getting a lot – it can't be done. If you deal with the lowest bidder, it is well to add something for the risk you run, if you do that you will have enough to pay for something better." The statement has been attributed to 19th-century art critic and social thinker John Ruskin, although there is little evidence to support Ruskin's authorship. In the Yale Book of Quotations, editor Fred R. Shapiro states that this statement was "Attributed in Chicago Daily Tribune, 29 Jan. 1928. This quotation, repeated in many commercial advertisements, has not been found anywhere in Ruskin's works. An earlier unattributed occurrence appeared in the Washington Post, 1 Nov. 1914: "There is nothing in the world that some man cannot make a little worse and sell a little cheaper. Shapiro maintains that the statement does not appear anywhere in Ruskin's works,George Landow, a professor of English and art history at Brown University and a specialist on Victorian literature is skeptical of Ruskin's authorship of this statement.

In a posting of the Ruskin Library News, a blog associated with the Ruskin Library, an anonymous library staff member mentions the statement and its widespread use, saying that, "This is one of many quotations ascribed to Ruskin, without there being any trace of them in his writings – although someone, thought they sounded like Ruskin." Ruth Hutchison, who maintains the website for the Ruskin Centre at Lancaster University, stated that, "we have been asked many times about this quote, or similar versions of it, have never been able to identify it as being by Ruskin. We suspect that it has been wrongly attributed to him in the past and found its way into a book of quotations or something like that."In an issue of the journal, Heat Transfer Engineering, Bell quotes the statement and mentions that it has been attributed to Ruskin. While Bell believes in the veracity of the content of the statement, he adds that the statement does not appear in Ruskin's published works. In the 20th century, this statement appeared—without any authorship attribution—in magazine advertisements, business catalogs, student publications, in editorial columns.

In the 20th century and continuing into the 21st century, newspaper advertisements, magazine advertisements, trade publications, student publications, business books, technical publications, business catalogs, other publications included the statement with attribution to Ruskin. For many years, various Baskin Robbins ice cream parlors prominently displayed a section of the statement in framed signs; the signs listed Ruskin as the author of the statement, but the signs gave no information on where or when Ruskin was supposed to have written, spoken, or published the statement. Due to the statement's widespread use as a promotional slogan, despite questions of Ruskin's authorship, it is that many people who are otherwise unfamiliar with Ruskin now associate him with this statement

Anthony Philip O'Connor is an English cricketer. O'Connor is a left-handed batsman who bowls left-arm medium pace, he was born in Bradford, Yorkshire. O'Connor made his debut for Shropshire in the 1991 Minor Counties Championship against Cheshire. O'Connor has played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1999 to present, which has included 36 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 19 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances, he made his List A debut against Devon in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. He made 5 further List A appearances, the last of which came against Hampshire in the 2005 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In his 6 List A matches, he took 5 wickets at an average of 39.20, with best figures of 2/27. Anthony O'Connor at ESPNcricinfo

The 2005 Canadian Figure Skating Championships is a figure skating national championship held annually to determine the national champions of Canada. It is organized by the nation's figure skating governing body. Skaters compete at the senior and junior levels in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, ice dancing; the results of this competition were used to pick the Canadian teams to the 2005 World Figure Skating Championships, the 2005 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships, the 2005 World Junior Figure Skating Championships. The competition took place from January 17 through 23rd, 2005 at the John Labatt Centre in London, Ontario. Although the official ISU terminology for female skaters in the singles category is ladies, Skate Canada's official terminology is women and, the term used in the official results. Due to the number of entries, the men's and women's competition had a qualifying round and the qualifying round was split in half to accommodate all the skaters.

2005 BMO Financial Group Canadian Championships

Netscape Plugin Application Programming Interface is an application programming interface that allows browser plugins to be developed. It was first developed for Netscape browsers, starting in 1995 with Netscape Navigator 2.0, but was subsequently adopted by other browsers. With the advent of HTML5, all major web browsers have removed support for this API for security reasons. In NPAPI architecture, a plugin declares content types; when the browser encounters a content type it cannot handle natively, it loads the appropriate plugin, sets aside space within the browser context for the plugin to render and streams data to it. The plugin is responsible for rendering the data; the plugin runs in-place within the page, as opposed to older browsers that had to launch an external application to handle unknown content types. NPAPI requires each plugin to implement and expose 15 functions for initializing, creating and positioning plugin content. NPAPI supports scripting, full-screen plugins, windowless plugins and content streaming.

NPAPI was used for plugins which required intensive, low-level performance such as video players, including Adobe Flash Player and Microsoft Silverlight, as well as platforms for web applications such as the Java Runtime Environment. Scripting is a feature allowing JavaScript code in a web page to interact with the plugin. Various versions of Netscape and Mozilla supported this feature using different technologies, including LiveConnect, XPConnect, NPRuntime. LiveConnect is a feature of Web browsers that allows Java and JavaScript software to intercommunicate within a Web page. From the Java side it allows an applet to invoke the embedded scripts of a page or to access the built-in JavaScript environment, much as scripts can. Conversely, from the JavaScript side, it allows a script to invoke applet methods, or to access the Java runtime libraries, much as applets can. LiveConnect was used in Netscape 4 to implement scriptability of NPAPI plugins; the Open Java Interface-dependent implementation of LiveConnect was removed from the Mozilla source code tree in late June 2009 as part of the Mozilla 2 cleanup effort.

It is no longer needed with the release of a redesigned Java Runtime Environment from Sun Microsystems. However the old implementation was restored for Gecko 1.9.2, as Apple had yet to port the newer JRE over to Mac OS X. The Java–JavaScript functionality supported by the redesigned Java Runtime Environment is still called "LiveConnect", despite the Open Java Interface-specific approach having been abandoned. With Netscape 4, NPAPI was extended to allow plugins to be scripted; this extension is called LiveConnect. A plugin could expose an instance of it; the class could be called from Java applets running within the page. The disadvantage of LiveConnect is that it is tied to the version of Java embedded within the Netscape browser; this prevented the browser from using other Java runtimes, added bloat to the browser download size since it required Java to script plugins. Additionally, LiveConnect is tricky to program: The developer has to define a Java class for the plugin, run it through a specialized Java header compiler and implement the native methods.

Handling strings and other Java objects from C++ is non-obvious. In addition, LiveConnect uses an earlier and now obsolete application programming interface for invoking native C++ calls from Java, called JRI; the JRI technology has long since been supplanted by JNI. XPConnect is a technology which enables simple interoperation between JavaScript. XPConnect allows JavaScript objects to manipulate XPCOM objects, it enables JavaScript objects to present XPCOM compliant interfaces to be called by XPCOM objects. A main goal is that objects communicating from either side of an XPCOM style interface should not need to know or care about the implementation language of the object on the other side of the interface. XPConnect's primary reason for existence is to replace handwritten code used in places where native code needs to interact with JavaScript code. An example is the DOM module. Full privileges are only granted by default to chrome scripts, i.e. scripts that are part of the application or of an extension.

For remote HTML/XHTML/XUL documents, most XPCOM objects are not accessible by the scripts as they have limited privileges due to security reasons. If they are accessible, the usual security restrictions can be found. Mozilla was using XPCOM to define the interfaces to many objects implemented in C++; each interface was defined by an IDL file, run through an IDL compiler that produced header files and a language-neutral type library, a binary representation of the interface. This binary described the interface, the methods, the parameters, the data structures and enumerations. XPConnect uses the type library information to marshal calls between different thread contexts and between JavaScript and natively compiled C++. XPConnect is used extensively throughout Mozilla. Starting with Netscape 6.1 and Mozilla 0.9.2, NPAPI was extended, so that a plugin could return a scriptable interface to itself and XPConnect would marshal calls to it from JavaScript and the C++ implementation. XPConnect has no Java dependency.

However, the technology is based on XPCOM. Thus the plugin developer must be familiar with reference counting, interfaces and IDL to implement scripting; the dependency on XPCOM led to certain dynamic linking issues which had to be solved before the plugin would work with different browser

Edward Dusinberre is a British violinist. Edward Dusinberre is the first violinist of the Takács Quartet. Dusinberre studied with the Ukrainian violinist Felix Andrievsky at the Royal College of Music in London and at the Juilliard School with Dorothy DeLay and Piotr Milewski. In 1990 he won the British Violin Recital Prize and gave his debut recital in London at the Purcell Room, South Bank Centre, he joined the Takács Quartet in 1993. Based in Boulder at the University of Colorado, the Takács Quartet performs ninety concerts a year worldwide, throughout Europe as well as in Australia, New Zealand and South Korea; the Quartet's award-winning recordings include the complete Beethoven Cycle on the Decca label. In 2005 the Late Beethoven Quartets won Disc of the Year and Chamber Award from BBC Music Magazine, a Gramophone Award and a Japanese Record Academy Award, their recordings of the early and middle Beethoven quartets won a Grammy, another Gramophone Award, a Chamber Music of America Award and two further awards from the Japanese Recording Academy.

More the Takács Quartet has recorded for the Hyperion label, making critically acclaimed CDs of Schubert and Schumann. Dusinberre performs as a recitalist and concerto soloist. In 2009 he performed Mozart’s Sinfonia Concertante with violist Geraldine Walther at the Aspen Music Festival, he has recorded Beethoven’s Kreutzer Sonata and Opus 96 for the Decca label with pianist David Korevaar. With his Takács Quartet colleagues, Dusinberre teaches at the University of Boulder, he coaches chamber music groups. The Takács Quartet holds summer residencies at the Aspen Festival and at the Music Academy of the West, Santa Barbara. Dusinberre is a Visiting Fellow of the Guildhall School of Music. Dusinberre writes about music, his book "Beethoven for a Later Age: The Journey of a String Quartet" was published by Faber and Faber in 2016. His article "She's with the Band" was published by the Financial Times and Los Angeles Times in 2007. Dusinberre has written about Beethoven for the Guardian newspaper. Dusinberre is well known for his innovative program ideas, devising amongst others a project with the poet Robert Pinsky that toured throughout the USA, mixing love poetry with the music of Janáček, Britten and Barber.

In 2007 he created. The award-winning actor Philip Seymour Hoffman read extracts from the novel, surrounded by the music of Arvô Pärt, Philip Glass and concluding with a performance of Schubert's Death and the Maiden. A collaboration with writer David Lawrence Morse led to Morse’s play Quartet, a drama that explores the circumstances surrounding the composition of Beethoven’s Late Quartets. Takacs Quartet official website