The Nine Years' War was a conflict in Ireland between a confederacy of Irish lords and the English-led government. The war was primarily a response to the English Crown's advances into territory tradi
Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, depicted in a Vatican fresco, c. 1610
Statue of Red Hugh O'Donnell at Curlew Pass, County Roscommon commemorating the Irish victory over the English in 1599
Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy, c. 1594
The Flight of the Earls took place on 14 September 1607, when Irish earls Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, and Rory O'Donnell, Earl of Tyrconnell, permanently departed Rathmullan in Ireland for Catholic
Nine Years' War (Ireland)
…with Tyrone signing the Treaty of Mellifont (1603). In 1607, many of the defeated northern lords left Ireland to seek support for a new uprising in the Flight of the Earls, never to return. This marked the end of Gaelic Ireland and paved the way for the Plantation of Ulster. The Nine Years' War was the largest conflict…
The recently-crowned James I of England granted the earls generous peace terms.
The Somerset House Conference, 1604 depicts the Anglo-Spanish peace negotiations resulting in the Treaty of London. The Count of Villamediana is on the left, second from the window. Baron Mountjoy is on the right, third from the window.
Lord Deputy Arthur Chichester's animosity towards the Gaelic lords, particularly Tyrone, was a major contributing factor to the Flight.
Bishop George Montgomery encouraged O'Cahan to renew his lawsuit against his father-in-law Tyrone and to leave his wife.