1.
Skyscraper
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A skyscraper is a tall, continuously habitable building having multiple floors. When the term was used in the 1880s it described a building of 10 to 20 floors. Mostly designed for office, commercial and residential uses, a skyscraper can also be called a high-rise, for buildings above a height of 300 m, the term supertall can be used, while skyscrapers reaching beyond 600 m are classified as megatall. One common feature of skyscrapers is having a steel framework that supports curtain walls and these curtain walls either bear on the framework below or are suspended from the framework above, rather than resting on load-bearing walls of conventional construction. Some early skyscrapers have a frame that enables the construction of load-bearing walls taller than of those made of reinforced concrete. Modern skyscrapers walls are not load-bearing, and most skyscrapers are characterized by surface areas of windows made possible by steel frames. However, skyscrapers can have curtain walls that mimic conventional walls with a surface area of windows. Modern skyscrapers often have a structure, and are designed to act like a hollow cylinder to resist wind, seismic. To appear more slender, allow less wind exposure, and transmit more daylight to the ground, many skyscrapers have a design with setbacks, a relatively big building may be considered a skyscraper if it protrudes well above its built environment and changes the overall skyline. The maximum height of structures has progressed historically with building methods and technologies, the Burj Khalifa is currently the tallest building in the world. High-rise buildings are considered shorter than skyscrapers, the first steel-frame skyscraper was the Home Insurance Building in Chicago, Illinois in 1885. Even the scholars making the argument find it to be purely academic and this definition was based on the steel skeleton—as opposed to constructions of load-bearing masonry, which passed their practical limit in 1891 with Chicagos Monadnock Building. What is the characteristic of the tall office building. The force and power of altitude must be in it, the glory and it must be every inch a proud and soaring thing, rising in sheer exaltation that from bottom to top it is a unit without a single dissenting line. Some structural engineers define a highrise as any vertical construction for which wind is a significant load factor than earthquake or weight. Note that this criterion fits not only high-rises but some other tall structures, the word skyscraper often carries a connotation of pride and achievement. A loose convention of some in the United States and Europe draws the limit of a skyscraper at 150 m or 490 ft. The tallest building in ancient times was the 146 m Great Pyramid of Giza in ancient Egypt and it was not surpassed in height for thousands of years, the 14th century AD Lincoln Cathedral being conjectured by many to have exceeded it
2.
Business district
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A central business district is the commercial and business centre of a city. In larger cities, it is synonymous with the citys financial district. Both the CBD and the city centre or downtown may also coincide with the central activities district, a citys CBD is usually typified by a concentration of retail and office buildings. The CBD usually has a density higher than the surrounding districts of the city. The CBD is often also the city centre or downtown, Mexico City also has a historic city centre, the colonial-era Centro Histórico, along with two CBDs, the mid-late 20th century Paseo de la Reforma - Polanco, and the new Santa Fe. The shape and type of a CBD almost always reflect the citys history. Cities with maximum building height restrictions often have a historic section quite apart from the financial. It has been said that downtowns are therefore distinct from both CBDs and city centres. CBDs usually have very small resident populations, for example, the population of the City of London declined from over 200,000 in the year 1700 to less than 10,000 today. In some instances, however, CBD populations are increasing as younger professional, the Buenos Aires Central Business District, is the main commercial centre of Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina. The actual area was the point of first European settlement and its north-south axis runs from Monserrat in the south to Retiro railway station in the north. Its east-west axis runs from Buenos Aires Ecological Reserve and Puerto Madero, the district is the financial, commercial, and cultural hub of Argentina. Its port is one of the busiest in South America, navigable rivers by way of the Río de la Plata connect the port to northeast Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and Paraguay. As a result, it serves as the hub for a vast area of the southeastern region of the South American continent. Tax collection related to the port has caused political problems in the past. The Buenos Aires Human Development Index is likewise high by international standards, the term is used to refer to the business and financial area of a state capital city such as the Sydney CBD, Melbourne CBD, Brisbane CBD, Perth CBD and Adelaide CBD. The city centres of some cities, such as Townsville, Bendigo. More recently, in cities the city centre, which may or may not be distinct from the CBD, is increasingly separately identified
3.
Shinjuku
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Shinjuku is a special ward in Tokyo, Japan. As of 2015, the ward has an population of 337,556. The total area is 18.23 km², Shinjuku is surrounded by Chiyoda to the east, Bunkyo and Toshima to the north, Nakano to the west, and Shibuya and Minato to the south. The current city of Shinjuku grew out of separate towns and villages. Golden Gai, An area of tiny shanty-style bars and clubs, musicians, artists, journalists, actors and directors gather here, and the ramshackle walls of the bars are literally plastered with film posters. Shinjuku Gyoen, A large park,58.3 hectares,3.5 km in circumference, blending Japanese traditional, English Landscape, Shinjuku Ni-chōme, Tokyos best-known gay district. Nishi-Shinjuku, The area west of Shinjuku Station, historically known as Yodobashi, is home to Tokyos largest concentration of skyscrapers, several of the tallest buildings in Tokyo are located in this area, including the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, KDDI Building and Park Tower. Ōkubo, The area surrounding Okubo Station, Shin-Okubo Station and Higashi-Shinjuku Station is best known as Tokyos historic ethnic Korean neighborhood, Totsuka, The northern portion of Shinjuku surrounding Takadanobaba Station and Waseda University. The Takadanobaba area is a residential and nightlife area for students. Ushigome, A largely residential area in the portion of the city. Ichigaya, A commercial area in eastern Shinjuku, site of the Ministry of Defense, kagurazaka, A hill descending to the Iidabashi Station area, once one of Tokyos last remaining hanamachi or geisha districts, and currently known for hosting a sizable French community. Yotsuya, An upscale residential and commercial district in the southeast corner of Shinjuku, the Arakichō area is well known for its many small restaurants, bars, and izakaya. Naturally, most of Shinjuku is occupied by the Yodobashi Plateau, the Kanda River runs through the Ochiai and Totsuka areas near sea level, but the Toshima Plateau also builds elevation in the northern extremities of Totsuka and Ochiai. The highest point in Shinjuku is Hakone-san in Toyama Park,44.6 m above sea level. In 1634, during the Edo period, as the moat of the Edo Castle was built. In 1698, Naitō-Shinjuku had developed as a new station on the Kōshū Kaidō, naitō was the family name of a daimyō whose mansion stood in the area, his land is now a public park, the Shinjuku Gyoen. In 1920, the town of Naitō-Shinjuku, which comprised large parts of present-day Shinjuku, parts of Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku began to develop into its current form after the Great Kantō earthquake in 1923, since the seismically stable area largely escaped the devastation. Consequently, West Shinjuku is one of the few areas in Tokyo with many skyscrapers, the Tokyo air raids from May to August 1945 destroyed almost 90% of the buildings in the area in and around Shinjuku Station
4.
Tokyo
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Tokyo, officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous area in the world. It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government, Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands. Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters. It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868, Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former Tokyo Prefecture and the city of Tokyo. The Tokyo metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo, the metropolitan government also administers 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains. The population of the wards is over 9 million people. The prefecture is part of the worlds most populous metropolitan area with upwards of 37.8 million people, the city hosts 51 of the Fortune Global 500 companies, the highest number of any city in the world. Tokyo ranked third in the International Financial Centres Development IndexEdit, the city is also home to various television networks such as Fuji TV, Tokyo MX, TV Tokyo, TV Asahi, Nippon Television, NHK and the Tokyo Broadcasting System. Tokyo ranked first in the Global Economic Power Index and fourth in the Global Cities Index. The city is considered a world city – as listed by the GaWCs 2008 inventory – and in 2014. In 2015, Tokyo was named the Most Liveable City in the world by the magazine Monocle, the Michelin Guide has awarded Tokyo by far the most Michelin stars of any city in the world. Tokyo ranked first in the world in the Safe Cities Index, the 2016 edition of QS Best Student Cities ranked Tokyo as the 3rd-best city in the world to be a university student. Tokyo hosted the 1964 Summer Olympics, the 1979 G-7 summit, the 1986 G-7 summit, and the 1993 G-7 summit, and will host the 2020 Summer Olympics, Tokyo was originally known as Edo, which means estuary. During the early Meiji period, the city was also called Tōkei, some surviving official English documents use the spelling Tokei. However, this pronunciation is now obsolete, the name Tokyo was first suggested in 1813 in the book Kondō Hisaku, written by Satō Nobuhiro. When Ōkubo Toshimichi proposed the renaming to the government during the Meiji Restoration, according to Oda Kanshi, Tokyo was originally a small fishing village named Edo, in what was formerly part of the old Musashi Province. Edo was first fortified by the Edo clan, in the twelfth century
5.
Japan
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Japan is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea, the kanji that make up Japans name mean sun origin. 日 can be read as ni and means sun while 本 can be read as hon, or pon, Japan is often referred to by the famous epithet Land of the Rising Sun in reference to its Japanese name. Japan is an archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, the country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions. Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one, the population of 127 million is the worlds tenth largest. Japanese people make up 98. 5% of Japans total population, approximately 9.1 million people live in the city of Tokyo, the capital of Japan. Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period, the first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other regions, mainly China, followed by periods of isolation, from the 12th century until 1868, Japan was ruled by successive feudal military shoguns who ruled in the name of the Emperor. Japan entered into a period of isolation in the early 17th century. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan is a member of the UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, the country has the worlds third-largest economy by nominal GDP and the worlds fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the worlds fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer, although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the worlds eighth-largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a country with a very high standard of living. Its population enjoys the highest life expectancy and the third lowest infant mortality rate in the world, in ancient China, Japan was called Wo 倭. It was mentioned in the third century Chinese historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms in the section for the Wei kingdom, Wa became disliked because it has the connotation of the character 矮, meaning dwarf. The 倭 kanji has been replaced with the homophone Wa, meaning harmony, the Japanese word for Japan is 日本, which is pronounced Nippon or Nihon and literally means the origin of the sun. The earliest record of the name Nihon appears in the Chinese historical records of the Tang dynasty, at the start of the seventh century, a delegation from Japan introduced their country as Nihon
6.
Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building
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Located in Shinjuku, the building consists of a complex of three structures, each taking up a city block. The tallest and most prominent of the three is Tokyo Metropolitan Main building No.1, a tower 48 stories tall that splits into two sections at the 33rd floor, the building also has three levels below ground. The design of the building, by architect Kenzo Tange, has many symbolic touches, the other two buildings in the complex are the eight-story Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly Building and Tokyo Metropolitan Main Building No.2, which has 37 stories including three below ground. The two panoramic observation decks, one in each tower on floor 45, are free of charge to the public and contain gift shops, the building was designed by Kenzo Tange and finished in December 1990 at the expense of ¥157 billion of public money. It replaced the former Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building at Yūrakuchō, which was built in 1957, the former Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building is now the site of the Tokyo International Forum. It was the tallest building in Tokyo, at 242.9 meters, though it has not gained the same degree of worldwide recognition as Tokyo Tower or Tokyo Skytree, the Metropolitan Government Building has come to represent the city in its own right. It frequently appears in Japanese science fiction and anime such as Digimon Tamers as a symbol of authority or in scenes depicting a futuristic or post-apocalyptic Shinjuku
7.
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
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The Tokyo Metropolitan Government is the government of the Tokyo Metropolis, one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. The government consists of an elected governor and assembly. The headquarters building is located in the ward of Shinjuku, the metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo, as well as the other cities and towns that constitute the prefecture. Under Japanese law, Tokyo is designated as a to, translated as metropolis, in addition to these 23 local governments, Tokyo also encompasses 26 cities, five towns, and eight villages, each of which has a local government. These other municipalities are located in the part of the prefecture, as well as the outlying island chains of Izu. The Metropolitan Assembly is the organ of the whole prefecture of Tokyo. It consists of 127 members elected each four years, regular sessions are held four times each year, in February, June, September and December. These sessions typically lasts for 30 days, between these are plenary sessions where discussions on bills are held. As in other prefectures of Japan, the people of Tokyo directly elect the governor to four-year terms of office, there is no limit to the number of terms a person may serve. Unlike collegiate cabinet systems, where the decisions are made unanimously, in contrast to other prefectures, the governor of Tokyo has a relatively important role given the size of Tokyos budget. The Tokyo metropolitan government also has relative freedom in how it allocates the budget, Tokyos gubernatorial elections had always been held as part of the unified local elections from 1947 to 2011. But following Shintarō Ishiharas resignation in October 2012, Tokyo held a gubernatorial election in December 2012 and has left the unified election cycle. The four largest established national parties of the past decade are represented in the Tokyo Assembly. The Social Democratic Party, formerly the Japanese Socialist Party, which had been the major party for much of the postwar era. The previous governor Naoki Inose, endorsed by LDP, Kōmeitō and JRP, Inose resigned in December 2013 and his successor Yoichi Masuzoe was elected in the Tokyo gubernatorial election,2014. The last assembly election was held in June 2013, the LDP won 36% of the vote and 59 of 127 seats in the Tokyo prefectural election,2013. In the previous election of 2009, the Democratic Party had managed to become strongest party after forty years of LDP dominance, in 2012, the DPJ was reduced to fourth party with 15 seats as the Kōmeitō won 23 seats and Communists 17 seats
8.
Livedoor
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Livedoor Co. Ltd. was a Japanese company that functioned as an Internet service provider and operator of a web portal and blog platform before being brought down by scandal in 2006. The company was founded and led in its first 10 years by Takafumi Horie, Livedoor grew into one of Japans premier Internet businesses, putting over 1,000 employees on its payroll at its peak. Its reliance on acquisitions and stock swap mergers to achieve growth also made it one of the countrys most controversial enterprises and its growth came to a resounding halt when scandal erupted in early 2006. An investigation of law violations led to a nosedive in the companys stock price. The Tokyo Stock Exchange delisted Livedoor on April 14,2006, the floundering companys properties were purchased by South Korea-based NHN Corp in 2010. Today the ISP and blog services that wear the Livedoor name are operated by Line Corporation, developers of Line messaging services, Line Corporation, based in Japan, was spun off from NHN Japan, an arm of its Korean parent, in February 2013. Livedoor began in 1995 as Livin on the Edge, a web consultancy run by Horie, in 1997, it was renamed Livin On the EDGE Co. Ltd. Though initially a company, Livin On the Edge was reorganized into a joint-stock company in July 1997. In November 2002, Livin on the Edge acquired the free Internet services business of Livedoor Corp. which had gone bankrupt. On the Edge changed its name to Edge Co. Ltd. in April 2003 and this was followed by a 1,100 stock split. The teams home ground was to be in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, but livedoor lost the competition to be the home team to Rakuten. Livedoor acquisitions in the U. S. included MailCreations in Miami, Florida, in June 2004, Livedoor entered search and contextual advertising spaces in America in November 2005. A scandal involving securities law violations led the Tokyo Stock Exchange to delist livedoor on April 14,2006. Scandal broke on January 16,2006, when Tokyo prosecutors raided several Livedoor locations, Hories home, the raids spooked investors and sent shares plunging on January 17 and 18 as a widening criminal investigation sparked panic selling on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Some brokers announced they would no longer use of the issue for margin trading. Volume was so heavy that it threatened to overload the TSEs computer system, the TSE ordered Livedoor to provide a formal response to the allegations. On January 18,2006, Hideaki Noguchi, an executive of H. S, Securities, a firm raided by prosecutors earlier in the week in connection with Livedoor, was found dead in an Okinawa hotel room after what the authorities are labeling a suicide. The authorities called in several Livedoor and subsidiary executives for questioning over several days, after several hours of questioning Horie, investigators felt they had learned enough to press charges and petitioned for four arrest warrants, which were granted
9.
Seiko Epson
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Seiko Epson Corporation, or simply Epson, is a Japanese electronics company and one of the worlds largest manufacturers of computer printers, and information and imaging related equipment. It is one of three companies of the Seiko Group, a name traditionally known for manufacturing Seiko timepieces since its founding. In 1968 the company moved its UK headquarters to Audenshaw, Manchester, after acquiring the Jones Sewing Machine Company, Daiwa Kogyo was supported by an investment from the Hattori family and began as a manufacturer of watch parts for Daini Seikosha. The company started operation in a 2, 500-square-foot renovated miso storehouse with 22 employees, in 1943, Daini Seikosha established a factory in Suwa for manufacturing Seiko watches with Daiwa Kogyo. In 1959, the Suwa Factory of Daini Seikosha was split up, Ltd, the forerunner of the Seiko Epson Corporation. The company has developed many timepiece technologies, the watches made by the company are sold through the Seiko Watch Corporation, a subsidiary of Seiko Holdings Corporation. In 1961, Suwa Seikosha established a company called Shinshu Seiki Co. as a subsidiary to supply parts for Seiko watches. In September 1968, Shinshu Seiki launched the worlds first mini-printer, in June 1975, the name Epson was coined for the next generation of printers based on the EP-101 which was released to the public. In April of the same year Epson America Inc. was established to sell printers for Shinshu Seiki Co, in June 1978, the TX-80, eighty-column dot-matrix printer was released to the market, and was mainly used as a system printer for the Commodore PET Computer. After two years of development, an improved model, the MX-80, was launched in October 1980. It was soon described in the companys advertising as the best selling printer in the United States, in November 1985, Suwa Seikosha Co. Ltd. and the Epson Corporation merged to form Seiko Epson Corporation. Shortly after in 1994, Epson released the first high resolution color inkjet printer, newer models of the Stylus series employed Epson’s special DURABrite ink. They also had two hard drives, the HD850 and the HD860 MFM interface. The specifications are reference The WINN L. ROSCH Hardware bible 3rd addition SAMS publishing, in 1994 Epson started outsourcing sales reps to help sell their products in retail stores in the United States. In 1994 Epson started the Epson Weekend Warrior sales program, the purpose of the program was to help improve sales, improve retail sales reps knowledge of Epson products and to address Epson customer service in a retail environment. Reps were assigned on weekend shift, typically around 12–20 hours a week, Epson started the Weekend Warrior program with TMG Marketing, later with Keystone Marketing Inc, then to Mosaic, and now with Campaigners INC. The Mosaic contract expired with Epson on June 24,2007 and Epson is now represented by Campaigners, the sales reps of Campaigners, Inc. are not outsourced as Epson hired rack jobbers to ensure their retail customers displayed products properly. This frees up their regular sales force to concentrate on profitable sales solutions to VARs and system integrators, in June 2003, the company became public following their listing on the 1st section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
10.
Capcom
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Capcom Co. Ltd. or Capcom, is a Japanese video game developer and publisher. Originally established in 1979, it has become an international enterprise with subsidiaries in North America, Europe. Capcoms first predecessor, I. R. M Corporation, was founded on May 30,1979 by Kenzo Tsujimoto, Tsujimoto named I. R. M after his other company Irem Corporation which he founded earlier in 1974 and remained with until 1983. In January 1989, the old affiliate company Capcom Co. Ltd. merged with Sambi Co. Ltd. resulting in the current Japanese branch. While Capcoms first product was the coin-operated Little League from July 1983, its first real video game, since then, Capcom has created 15 multi-million-selling game series, the most successful of which is Resident Evil. Capcom has been noted as the last major publisher to be committed to 2D games, the companys continued commitment to the Super Nintendo Entertainment System as its platform of choice caused them to lag behind other leading publishers in developing 3D-capable arcade boards. In 1994, Capcom adapted its Street Fighter series of fighting games into a film of the same name, while commercially successful, the production received almost universal criticism. A2002 adaptation of its Resident Evil series faced similar criticism but was successful in theaters. The company sees films as a way to build sales for its video games, Capcom partnered with Nyu Media in 2011 to publish and distribute the Japanese independent games that Nyu localized into the English language. In August 27,2014, Capcom filed a patent infringement lawsuit against Koei Tecmo Games at the Osaka District Court for 980 million yen in damage, Capcom claimed Koei Tecmo Games infringed a patent it obtained in 2002 regarding play feature of the video games. Later, games developed internally used to be created by several numbered Production Studios, in addition to these internal teams, Capcom also commissions outside development studios to ensure a steady output of titles. It also has the Ueno Facility, an office in Iga. The international Capcom Group currently encompasses 15 subsidiaries in Japan, North America, Europe, affiliated companies include Koko Capcom Co. Ltd. in South Korea, Street Fighter Film, LLC in the United States, and Dellgamadas Co. Ltd. Suleputer, a marketing and music label established in cooperation with Sony Music Entertainment Intermedia in 1998, publishes CDs, DVDs. Capcom also owns numerous arcade game known as Plaza Capcom, including one in Narita, Futtsu. An annual private media summit called Captivate, renamed from Gamers Day in 2008, is used as a platform for new game. Capcom launched its Street Fighter franchise in 1987, the series of fighting games are among the most popular in their genre, and have sold over 30 million units. That same year,1987, the company introduced its Mega Man series, selling nearly 30 million units, the series serves as Capcoms flagship franchise
11.
Shinjuku Mitsui Building
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The Shinjuku Mitsui Building is a high-rise building in Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo. It is owned by Mitsui Fudosan and it is the one the 10 tallest buildings in Tokyo, and was the tallest building in Tokyo and Japan from September 1974 until March 1978, when Sunshine 60 was completed. It was built in the style of buildings that were being built in the United States in the 1970s. It is notable for the diagonal braces on its east and west facades. At the base of the skyscraper is a garden and a surprisingly large plaza. In addition to the garden, there is also a roof-top garden. With its black facades, Shinjuku Mitsui Building stands out among the skyscrapers in Shinjuku and it is located next to the Shinjuku Center Building, which is two meters lower but appears to be taller because its first floor is located on higher ground. It made an appearance in the 1984 film The Return of Godzilla, the buildings height is 212 meters to the top of the roof, and 225 meters to the architectural top. Its entrance lobby is on the second floor, the X-shaped steel braces on the side of the building serve as seismic reinforcement and also as braces for the doors of the machine rooms at each end of every floor. The doors are 4–5 floors tall, for replacement of equipment such as air-conditioners, as in the older Keio Plaza Hotel, some fire escape exits are exposed outside the building to prevent smoke from accumulating in the case of fire. In 2013, Mitsui Fudosan and Kajima Corporation began installing six massive pendulums on the roof of the building to counter long-period earthquake ground motion. The pendulums will reduce magnitude of building motion by half or more during a major earthquake, capcom has its Tokyo offices in the building. The top 55th floor was occupied by a Chinese restaurant called the Mandarin Palace. The 54th floor has a restaurant and a club called Shinjuku Mitsui Club for current and former employees of the Mitsui Group, there is no observation deck open to the public. Other floors occupied by tenant office space, except for the B1 to 5th floors, which house banks, restaurants, dental offices, and so on
12.
Taisei Corporation
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Taisei Corporation is a Japanese corporation which was established in 1873. Its main areas of business are building construction, civil engineering, taiseis headquarters are in Shinjuku Center Building, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo. Taisei has domestic offices in twelve Japanese cities, and 13 major overseas offices, Taisei is the oldest of the 5 Japanese so called super general contractors, the other four being Kajima Corporation, Shimizu Corporation, Takenaka Corporation and Obayashi Corporation. Taisei corporation has its roots in Okura zaibatsu, following the dissolution of zaibatsu after World War II, Taisei was restructured to become an employee-owned corporation. Taisei is currently the only employee-owned Japanese large scale general contractor, Taisei has successfully constructed many civil and architectural projects including skyscrapers, dams, bridges, tunnels, subways as well as residential housing both in Japan and overseas. In Japan, Taisei is also known for its disaster resistant general public housing brand Palcon. Taiseis international operations headquarters is located in Shinjuku Center Building, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo Taipei Office, Zone B, 6F,16, Sec.4, Nan-Jing E. Road, Taipei, Taiwan R. O. C. Middle East Office Doha, Corner Abdullah Bin Jassim St. United Bank Bldg. 4th Floor, Facing QNB Bldg, Doha - Qatar, PO BOX47366 U. S. A. Sri Lanka North Africa Office Cairo, 25th, Rd. No.10, Station Sqr, Maadi, Cairo, ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT Istanbul Office, Barbaros Mah. Bahar Sitesi Yani,34662 Altunizade - Uskudar Istanbul, TURKEY PT. PP-TAISEI INDONESIA Construction, 5th Floor, Plaza PP, JL Letjend TB Simatupang, No.57, Pasar Rebo, Jakarta 13760, pham Hung Rd, My Dinh 1, Nam Tu Liem Dist. 7th FL, VIETNAM CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY TOWER,171 Vo Thi Sau St. District3, Hochiminh City, S. R. VIETNAM CSCEC-TAISEI CONSTRUCTION, LTD. 4th Floor, Building No. 8, Foreign Culture Creativity Park,19 Chegongzhuang Xi Road, Haidian District, BEIJING and it became Nippon Doboku Co. Ltd. in 1887, and was renamed Taisei Corporation in 1946. 1873 October - Okura Kihachiro founded Okuragumi Shokai,1887 March - Nippon Doboku Co. Ltd. was established as a limited liability company. 1892 November - Dissolution of Nippon Doboku Co, Ltd and establishment of Okura Doboku Gumi. 1911 November - Renamed to Kabushiki Gaisha Okura Gumi,1920 - Renamed to Nippon Doboku Kabushiki Gaisha. 1924 - Renamed to Okura Doboku Kabushiki Gaisha,1946 January, Renamed to Taisei Corporation. Taisei completed Japans first subway in 1927, the new Imperial Palace in 1968, the following are some notable achievements of Taisei since its establishment in 1873. 1927 - Tokyo’s Ginza Subway Line, Japan’s first subway connecting Ueno to Asakusa was constructed,1955 - The terminal building at Tokyo International Airport was constructed 1958 - National Stadium, the first major athletic stadium in Japan was constructed for the third Asian Games
13.
Shinjuku Sumitomo Building
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Shinjuku Sumitomo Building is a highrise building in the corner of Shinjuku Shintoshin in Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo. It houses the office of Sumitomo and is a prominent piece of the Shinjuku, Tokyo. The buildings most recognizable characteristic is its shape and structure and it is most simply described as triangular, hence why one of its nicknames is the Triangle. Also distinctive is the emergency elevator, which is used to transport cargo. Construction began in November 1971 and was finished on March 6,1974, at the time of its completion, its elevators were the fastest in the world at 540 meters per minute. It was the tallest building in Tokyo from March to September 1974 when it was surpassed by the Shinjuku Mitsui Building which is located just to the east of the Sumitomo building and it is run by Sumitomo Realty & Development. It is usually called the Shinjuku Sumitomo Building or the Sumitomo Building, but it is known as Bill. A pioneering skyscraper in Shinjuku, many companies are tenants of the building, including management, which has a restaurant, the observation deck on the 51st floor has free admission and is open from 10,00 to 22,00, all year round. Official web site of the building Shinjuku Sumotomo Triangle Street
14.
Sompo Japan Building
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The Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Head Office Building is the corporate headquarters for Sompo Japan Insurance. It is located in the district Nishi-Shinjuku in Shinjuku, Tokyo, at 200 metres, the building is the 28th tallest building in Tokyo and the 33rd tallest in Japan. It was designed by Yoshikazu Uchida, on the 42nd floor is Seiji Togo Memorial Sompo Japan Museum of Art, where one of Vincent van Goghs Sunflowers series of paintings is located. The building is similar in appearance to Chase Tower, the building made an appearance in the 1984 film Return of Godzilla. Www. tokyoarchitecture. info one of the Japanese agents Description on architecture website Seiji Togo Memorial Sompo Japan Museum of Art
15.
Tokyo Opera City Tower
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Tokyo Opera City Tower is a skyscraper located in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. Completed in 1996, it stands 234 metres high and has 54 floors, the tower is the third-tallest building in Shinjuku and seventh-tallest in Tokyo. The closest train station to Opera City is Hatsudai, the building houses the New National Theater in its lower levels. The fifth through fifty-second floors are devoted to office space, the buildings best-known tenants are NTT East Corp. The building is blown up by a UFO in the Kaiju film. Tokyo Opera City Tokyo Opera City Map Superhigh-Rise Buildings and Towers
16.
Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower
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Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower is a 204-metre, 50-story educational facility located in the Nishi-Shinjuku district in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. The building is home to three institutions, Tokyo Mode Gakuen, HAL Tokyo, and Shuto Ikō. Completed in October 2008, the tower is the second-tallest educational building in the world and is the 17th-tallest building in Tokyo and it was awarded the 2008 Skyscraper of the Year by Emporis. com. Before selecting a design for its new Tokyo location, Mode Gakuen held a competition asking architects to submit proposals for the building. The only condition was that the building could not be rectangular, Mode Gakuen received more than 150 proposals by approximately 50 architects. The winning proposal was a structure designed by Tange Associates. According to Tange Associates the buildings cocoon shape symbolizes a building that nurtures the students inside, white aluminum and dark blue glass exterior form the structures curved shell, which is criss-crossed by a web of white diagonal lines earning it the name Cocoon Tower. The buildings design earned the firm the Emporis. com 2008 Skyscraper of the year award, built on the former site of the now demolished Asahi Mutual Life Insurance Company headquarters, construction of the Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower began in May 2006 and was completed in October 2008. The 204-metre-tall, 50-story tower is the second-tallest educational building in the world and is the 17th-tallest building in Tokyo, the vertical campus can accommodate 10,000 students for the three vocational schools that occupy the building. Tokyo Mode Gakuen, for which the building in named after, is a fashion school, the other schools, HAL Tokyo and Shuto Ikō, are information technology and medical schools, respectively, that are operated by Mode Gakuen University. Each floor of the tower contains three rectangular classrooms that surround an inner core, the inner core consists of an elevator, a staircase and a support shaft. Every three floors, a student lounge is located between the classrooms and faces three directions, east, southwest and northwest. Mode Gakuen Spiral Towers 30 St Mary Axe Media related to Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower at Wikimedia Commons
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Wayback Machine
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The Internet Archive launched the Wayback Machine in October 2001. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content from Alexa Internet, the service enables users to see archived versions of web pages across time, which the archive calls a three dimensional index. Since 1996, the Wayback Machine has been archiving cached pages of websites onto its large cluster of Linux nodes and it revisits sites every few weeks or months and archives a new version. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who enter the sites URL into a search box, the intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down. The overall vision of the machines creators is to archive the entire Internet, the name Wayback Machine was chosen as a reference to the WABAC machine, a time-traveling device used by the characters Mr. Peabody and Sherman in The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show, an animated cartoon. These crawlers also respect the robots exclusion standard for websites whose owners opt for them not to appear in search results or be cached, to overcome inconsistencies in partially cached websites, Archive-It. Information had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers, when the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley. Snapshots usually become more than six months after they are archived or, in some cases, even later. The frequency of snapshots is variable, so not all tracked website updates are recorded, Sometimes there are intervals of several weeks or years between snapshots. After August 2008 sites had to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included. As of 2009, the Wayback Machine contained approximately three petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of 100 terabytes each month, the growth rate reported in 2003 was 12 terabytes/month, the data is stored on PetaBox rack systems manufactured by Capricorn Technologies. In 2009, the Internet Archive migrated its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage, in 2011 a new, improved version of the Wayback Machine, with an updated interface and fresher index of archived content, was made available for public testing. The index driving the classic Wayback Machine only has a bit of material past 2008. In January 2013, the company announced a ground-breaking milestone of 240 billion URLs, in October 2013, the company announced the Save a Page feature which allows any Internet user to archive the contents of a URL. This became a threat of abuse by the service for hosting malicious binaries, as of December 2014, the Wayback Machine contained almost nine petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of about 20 terabytes each week. Between October 2013 and March 2015 the websites global Alexa rank changed from 162 to 208, in a 2009 case, Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc. defendant Chordiant filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots. Netbula objected to the motion on the ground that defendants were asking to alter Netbulas website, in an October 2004 case, Telewizja Polska USA, Inc. v. Echostar Satellite, No.02 C3293,65 Fed. 673, a litigant attempted to use the Wayback Machine archives as a source of admissible evidence, Telewizja Polska is the provider of TVP Polonia and EchoStar operates the Dish Network
18.
Akasaka, Tokyo
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Akasaka is a residential and commercial district of Minato, Tokyo, located west of the government center in Nagatachō and north of the Roppongi nightlife district. Akasaka was a ward of Tokyo City from 1878 to 1947, 5-3-6 AkasakaTokyo Broadcasting System Television, Inc. Akasaka High School was operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education and it closed down in March 2009. It reopened the next month as the Aoyama campus of Ōta Sakuradai High School, the Akasaka Library has moved to a new building in 2007, near the Aoba Park and the Aoyama 1-Chome subway station. Media related to Akasaka, Tokyo at Wikimedia Commons Akasaka, Tokyo travel guide from Wikivoyage
19.
Akihabara
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Akihabara is a common name for the area around Akihabara Station in the Chiyoda ward of Tokyo, Japan. The area called Akihabara mainly belongs to Sotokanda district, Akihabara gained the nickname Akihabara Electric Town shortly after World War II for being a major shopping center for household electronic goods and the post-war black market. Nowadays, Akihabara is considered by many to be a cultural center and a shopping district for video games, anime, manga. Icons from popular anime and manga are displayed prominently on the shops in the area, the main area of Akihabara is located on a street just west of Akihabara Station, where most of the major shops are situated. Most of the shops are just west of the station, and the anime and manga shops. As mentioned above, the area called Akihabara now ranges over some districts in Chiyoda ward, Sotokanda, Kanda-Hanaokachō, the administrative district called Akihabara exists in Taitō ward and borders on Sotokanda at the middle of Akihabara and Okachimachi stations, but its half is occupied by JR tracks. The area that is now Akihabara was once near a city gate of Edo and this made the region a home to many craftsmen and tradesmen, as well as some low class samurai. The locals nicknamed the shrine Akiba after the deity that could fire. After Akihabara Station was built in 1888, the shrine was moved to the Taitō ward where it resides today. Since its opening in 1890, Akihabara Station became a freight transit point. Then, in the 1920s, the station saw a large volume of passengers after opening for public transport, and after World War II, the black market thrived in the absence of a strong government. This disconnection of Akihabara from government authority has allowed the district to grow as a market city and this new specialization brought in a new type of consumer, computer nerds or otaku. The market in Akihabara naturally latched onto their new customer base that was focused on anime, manga, on Sunday 8 June 2008 at 12,33 JST, a man drove into a crowd with a truck, then stabbed at least 17 people using a dagger. Seven died and ten were injured, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department arrested Tomohiro Katō,25, on suspicion of attempted murder, and arrested him again weeks later on suspicion of murder. Kato was eventually sentenced to death by the Tokyo District Court in 2011, the influence of otaku culture has shaped Akihabaras businesses and buildings to reflect the interests of otaku and gained the district worldwide fame for its distinctive imagery. Akihabara tries to create an atmosphere as close as possible to the game and anime worlds of customers interest, the streets of Akihabara are covered with anime and manga icons, and cosplayers line the sidewalks handing out advertisements, especially for maid cafés. The idol group AKB48, one of Japans highest selling contemporary musical acts, runs its own theater in Akihabara, the design of many of the buildings serves to create the sort of atmosphere that draws in otaku. Akihabaras role as a market has also allowed a large amount of amateur work to find a passionate audience in the otaku who frequent the area
20.
Aobadai
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Aobadai is a district located in the northern portion of Meguro, Tokyo, Japan, which consists of 1 to 4-chōme. As of January 1,2008, it has a population of 7,265. A hillside neighborhood in Aobadai 2-chōme is known as Saigōyama, literally meaning Saigō Mountain and it was named so because Saigō Tsugumichi, a Meiji-period politician and a younger brother of Saigō Takamori, owned a mansion there. The mansion has already moved to the Meiji Mura museum in Inuyama. The embassies housed in Aobadai includes Egypt and Senegal, Aobadai is home to an 1875-established elementary school, Sugekari Elementary School. The institution of education located in this district is Sanno University. Although its main campus is located in Isehara, Kanagawa, the university maintains the Daikanyama Campus in this district, note that although Aobadai is administratively one of the Meguro districts, it is in everyday sense considered to belong to the Daikanayama, Shibuya area. The Aoba - Japan International School is also located in Aobadai
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Aoyama, Minato, Tokyo
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Aoyama is one of the wealthiest neighborhoods of Tokyo, located in the northwest portion of Minato Ward. The area is known for its international fashion houses, cafes. During the Edo Period, Aoyama was home to temples, shrines. The name Aoyama derived from a samurai named Aoyama Tadanari who served the Tokugawa Shogunate, today, along with Shibuya and Harajuku, it is one of the most popular entertainment and shopping areas for young people in Tokyo. It is well known for its houses, restaurants. Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium is in the North part of Aoyama. also known as Nikken Avex Group Holdings, CSK Louis Vuitton Japan JCB Comme des Garçons RIAJ Hip Land Music Corp
22.
Ariake, Tokyo
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Ariake is a location in Kōtō, Tokyo, Japan. It is best known as the adjacent to and directly east of Odaiba. Ariake is subdivided into four chome and comprises part of the Tokyo Bay Landfill No.10, as of April 2012 its population was 6,145. Ariake is most well known internationally as the site of the Tokyo Big Sight international exhibition centre, Ariake is a center for shipping in the pulp and paper industry. The failed Tokyo bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics proposed holding many of its events in Ariake and this article incorporates material found in the Japanese Wikipedia in the article 有明, retrieved on May 2,2009
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Asagaya
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Asagaya is a residential area of Tokyo located in Suginami ward west of Shinjuku. Main access to Asagaya is via the Chūō-Sōbu Line,12 minutes by train from Shinjuku station, at present the Asagaya area is divided latitudinally into North and South by the Chūō-Sōbu Line. Boundaries for this area are roughly the same as those for Asagaya Village, longitudinally, the Japanese Zelkova serrata tree-lined boulevard, Nakasugi-dōri, divides Asagaya, running from Ome-kaido in the south to Waseda-dōri in the north. From around the Taishō period people began moving from the Yamanote area into the suburbs including Asagaya, Asagaya is accessible by train, subway, and bus. The ward office is located directly above the Minami-Asagaya station, in 1921 a stop was created on the Sōbū streetcar line running on Ome-kaido from Shinjuku to Ogikubo, which later became the Tōden Suginami streetcar line, then the present subway Marunouchi line. Service on the Tōden Suginami streetcar ended in 1961, Asagaya Station was built and added to the Kōbu railway line (built 1884, Kōbu-tetsudo in 1924, which later became the Chūō Main Line. Because of this history Asagaya is also known as Literary Town Asagaya, Asagaya is home to three theater spaces, Hitsuji-za, Theater Shine, and Zamuza, located about the revival movie house Laputa, which specializes in 1950–1970s Japanese film. Along the bar streets that run to the west of the JR Asagaya Station on the north and south sides are a number of music venues, mostly jazz. Also a number of bars that offer jazz, blues, the covered shopping street Pearl Center, located on the south side of JR Asagaya station, is the largest in the area, though, smaller uncovered shōtengai also run to the north of the station. On the southwest side of the station on Kawabata Street, a number of bars and yakitori places abound, Asagaya has two large festivals each year. The Tanabata is held annually during the first week of August, the Tanabata festival is known for its assortment of hanging papier-mâché characters that adorn the Pearl Road. Asagaya is also known for its festival, Asagaya Jazz Streets. This jazz festival is one of the largest in the city with musicians playing an assortment of venues, Asagaya appears in the films Ring, Ring 2, Death Note, and Yellow Tears. It is also the setting for the manga series Dokudami Tenement by Takashi Fukutani
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Asakusa
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Asakusa is a district in Taitō, Tokyo, Japan, famous for the Sensō-ji, a Buddhist temple dedicated to the bodhisattva Kannon. There are several temples in Asakusa, as well as various festivals. The development of Asakusa as an entertainment district during the Edo period came about in part because of the neighboring district, Kuramae was a district of storehouses for rice, which was then used as payment for servants of the feudal government. The keepers of these storage houses initially stored the rice for a small fee, through such trading, many fudasashi came to have a considerable amount of disposable income and as result theaters and geisha houses began to spring up in nearby Asakusa. For most of the century, Asakusa remained a major entertainment district in Tokyo. The rokku or Sixth District was in famous as a theater district. The golden years of Asakusa are vividly portrayed in Yasunari Kawabatas novel The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa, the area was heavily damaged by US bombing raids during World War II, particularly the March 1945 firebombing of Tokyo. The area was rebuilt after the war, but has now surpassed by Shinjuku and other colorful areas in the city. Asakusa is on the north-east fringe of central Tokyo, at the end of the Tokyo Metro Ginza Line subway. It is central to the area referred to as Shitamachi. As the name suggests, the area has a more traditionally Japanese atmosphere than other neighborhoods in Tokyo do. With so many religious establishments, there are frequent matsuri in Asakusa, as temple or shrine hosts at least one matsuri a year. The largest and most popular is the Sanja Matsuri in May, Asakusa has many restaurants and places to try traditional Japanese foods. One of the most popular treats is satsuma imo, sweet potatoes, another special treat is chikuwa kamaboko, grilled fish cakes. The Suzuhiro store serves local craft beer with traditional kamaboko, there are traditional ryokan, homes, and small-scale apartment buildings throughout the district. In keeping with a peculiarly Tokyo tradition, Asakusa hosts a major cluster of domestic kitchenware stores on Kappabashi-dori, next to the Sensō-ji temple grounds is a small amusement park called Hanayashiki, which claims to be the oldest amusement park in Japan. The neighborhood theaters specialize in showing classic Japanese films, as many of the tourists are elderly Japanese, cruises down the Sumida River depart from a wharf a five-minute walk from the temple. Asakusa is Tokyos oldest geisha district, and still has 45 actively working geisha, because of its colourful location, downtown credentials, and relaxed atmosphere by Tokyo standards, Asakusa is a popular accommodation choice for budget travelers
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Azabu
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Azabu is an area within Minato in Tokyo, Japan, built on a marshy area of foothills south of central Tokyo. It is known as Tokyos most expensive residential district, many artists, business people. The name Azabu literally means hemp cloth, until the early Edo period, the area was agricultural. Archaeological evidence indicates that the area was inhabited as far back as the Jōmon period, the Juban Inari shrine was constructed in AD712, the temple of Zenpuku-ji in 824, and the Hikawa Shrine in 939. The area became urbanized in the 17th century, after Tokugawa Ieyasu established his seat of government in nearby Edo, Azabu soon became home to the Juban Horse Grounds, Edos largest horse market. In 1859, the first United States delegation in Japan was established at Zenpuku-ji, Azabu was a ward of Tokyo from 1878 to 1947. During the industrialization of the Meiji era, Azabu was connected to Tokyo by horse-drawn trams, the lowlands became light commercial areas, while the hilltops became prime residential areas. Later, during the Taishō period, Azabu was overrun with theaters, department stores, much of Azabu was destroyed during the firebombing of Tokyo in 1945, although a special bunker created for the privileged classes that lived there saved many lives, including Yoko Onos. Azabus commercial areas were not revived after the war, and the area is mainly a residential district today, following the merger of Azabu Ward into Minato Ward in 1947, the Azabu ward office located in Roppongi was converted into a branch office of the Minato ward government. This is the district of Tokyo where manga artist Naoko Takeuchi resides, the internationally acclaimed vocalist Ayumi Hamasaki resides in a penthouse apartment in Minami-Azabu. Azabu is also the location of international embassies and consulates. Embassies of Russia, China, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Slovakia, Taiwan, Norway, Philippines, Finland, South Korea, Iran, Zenpuku-ji, a temple which housed the first legation of the United States in Japan during the 19th century. Fujifilm Akabanebashi Station Azabu-Jūban Station Hiroo Station The City of Minato operates local public elementary, Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education operates local public high schools. Azabu High School, a boys school, is in Azabu. Chateau School, a prestigious preschool in Nishi-Azabu. Nishimachi International School, a school located in the Moto-Azabu district. Ohana International School in Tokyo, a preschool in the centre of Azabu-Jūban. The Azabu Library exists in Azabu, temple University Japan Campus is in Azabu
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Ebisu, Shibuya
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Ebisu is major district of Shibuya-ku in Tokyo, Japan. It was developed on the site of a brewery and is now home to Yebisu Garden Place. It is renowned for its concentration of bars and restaurants. Ebisu is a district and neighborhood of the Special Ward of Shibuya-ku. It is located south of Shibuya and north of Meguro, Ebisu is accessed by the JR Yamanote Line and Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line via Ebisu Station. Ebisu was founded around 1928 as a community developed around the Japan Beer Brewery Company facilities which began brewing Yebisu Beer in 1890. After the breweries were moved to Chiba in 1988, the area underwent an urban development resulting in the construction of Yebisu Garden Place. Following the construction of Yebisu Garden Place in 1994, the area around Ebisu Station developed rapidly, the district and railway station of Ebisu takes its name from the Yebisu Beer brand, which in turn was named after Ebisu. The spelling Yebisu is intentionally archaic, with or without the y the pronunciation is the same as Ebisu. Ebisu is renowned for food and drink, with a concentration of restaurants, cafés, izakaya, ramen shops, bars. Yebisu Garden Place is a shopping and cultural centre located in Ebisu and it has a sloped promenade leading to a large central plaza covered by a wide glass arch. The area regularly hosts events and markets on weekends and it is accessible via the Ebisu Skywalk from JR Ebisu Station East Exit, which takes approximately 5 minutes on foot. The publication The Diplomat has its headquarters in the Ebisu MF Building
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Ebisuminami, Shibuya
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Ebisuminami is a small district of Shibuya, Tokyo, located to the southeast of Ebisu Station. The district is often perceived as a portion of the broad-sense Ebisu area, Ebisuminami borders Ebisu district in the narrow sense on the northwest across Ebisu Station, the mailing address for which is Ebisuminami, rather than Ebisu, Shibuya. The Statue of Ebisu, built in 1975, in front of Ebisu Stations west exit is a landmark of the Ward of Shibuya, the beverage company Calpis is headquartered in Ebisu Minami 2-chōme. Parks include, Ebisuminami Machikado Kōen Ebisuminami Ichi Kōen Ebisuminami Ni Kōen
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Futako Tamagawa
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Futako-Tamagawa Station is located in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan, on the north-east bank of the Tama River. The area surrounding the station is commonly called Futako-Tamagawa, and often refers to the Tamagawa and Seta districts of Setagaya and it is colloquially referred to as Futako or Nikotama, from an alternate reading of the first three kanji characters in the name. Tōkyū Corporation Tōkyū Den-en-toshi Line Tōkyū Ōimachi Line The east side of Futako-Tamagawa station is occupied by the Futako-Tamagawa Rise complex. The Tamagawa Takashimaya shopping center, located on the west side, is a branch of the Takashimaya department store chain and it opened as Japans first suburban shopping centre in 1969, and kick-started the development of similar stores around Japan. April 1,1907 Tamagawa Line has been started, and the station opened as Tamagawa Station, march 1,1924 Kinuta Line started. July 15,1927 Mizonokuchi Line started from Tamagawa Station to Mizonokuchi Station, november 1,1929 Futako-Tamagawa Line started. December 25,1929 Futako-Tamagawa Line was integrated into Oimachi Line, march 10,1939 Tamagawa Station was renamed to Yomiuri-Yuen Station. December 1,1940 Yomiuri-Yuen Station and Futako-Tamagawa Station were integrated, july 1,1943 Mizonokuchi Line was integrated into Oimachi Line. October 20,1944 Futako-Yomiurien Station was renamed to Futako-Tamagawa Station, august 1,1954 Futako-Tamagawa Station was renamed to Futako-Tamagawaen Station. October 11,1963 Oimachi Line was renamed to Den-en-toshi Line, may 10,1969 Tamagawa Line and Kinuta Line were abolished. April 7,1977 Shin-Tamagawa Line started, august 12,1979 The name of Oimachi Line was revived. August 6,2000 Shin-Tamagawa Line was renamed to Den-en-toshi Line, and, Futako-Tamagawaen Station was renamed to Futako-Tamagawa Station
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Ginza
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Ginza is a district of Chūō, Tokyo, located south of Yaesu and Kyōbashi, west of Tsukiji, east of Yūrakuchō and Uchisaiwaichō, and north of Shinbashi. It is a upscale shopping area of Tokyo, with numerous internationally renowned department stores, boutiques, restaurants. Ginza is recognized by many as one of the most luxurious shopping districts in the world, Ginza was built upon a former swamp that was filled in during the 16th century. The name Ginza comes after the establishment of a mint established there in 1612. After a devastating fire in 1872 burnt down most of the area, the government planned the construction of fireproof brick buildings and larger, better streets connecting Shimbashi Station all the way to the foreign concession in Tsukiji. Designs for the area were provided by the Irish-born architect Thomas Waters and these bricktown buildings were initially offered for sale and later were leased, but the high rent prevented many of them from being permanently occupied. Moreover, the construction was not adapted to the climate, ironically, the new Ginza was not popular with visiting foreigners, who were looking for a more Edo-styled city. Isabella Bird visited in 1878 and in 1880 implied that Ginza was less like an Oriental city than like the outskirts of Chicago or Melbourne, philip Terry, the English writer of tour guides, likened it to Broadway, not in a positive sense. Nevertheless, the area flourished as a symbol of civilization and enlightenment thanks to the presence of newspapers and magazine companies, the area was also known for its window displays, an example of modern marketing techniques. Everyone visited so the custom of killing time in Ginza developed strongly between the two world wars, most of these European-style buildings disappeared, but some older buildings still remain, most famously the Wakō building with the now-iconic Hattori Clock Tower. The building and the tower were originally built by Kintarō Hattori. Its recent history has seen it as a prominent outpost of western luxury shops, Ginza is a popular destination on weekends, when the main north-south artery is closed to traffic since the 1960s, under governor Ryokichi Minobe. Many leading fashion houses flagship stores are located here, in the area with the highest concentration of shops in Tokyo. It is one of two locations in Tokyo considered by Chevalier and Mazzalovo to be the best locations for a goods store. Prominent are Chanel, Carolina Herrera, Dior, Gucci, flagship electronic retail stores like the Sony showroom and the Apple Store are also here. Ricoh is headquartered in the Ricoh Building in Ginza, the neighborhood is a major shopping district. It is home to Wako department store, which is located in a building dating from 1894, the building has a clock tower. There are many department stores in the area, including Hankyu, Seibu, each Saturday and Sunday, from 12,00 noon until 5,00 pm, the main street through Ginza is closed off to road traffic, allowing people to walk freely
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Gotanda
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Gotanda is a busy neighbourhood in the Shinagawa ward of Tokyo, Japan. The name Gotanda can be translated as a paddy of half-hectares size. The district straddles the Meguro River, and is located between the Meguro and Ōsaki stations on the JR Yamanote Line, the neighbourhood is centered on the Gotanda Station, which is served by the Toei Asakusa Line and the elevated Tōkyū Ikegami Line in addition to the Yamanote line. The JR loop severs the neighbourhood into two districts, higashi Gotanda lies inside the Yamanote loop, while Nishi Gotanda is outside the loop. Nishi-Gotanda is largely residential, with moderately sized apartment buildings close to the JR station, Higashi-Gotanda is home to Seisen University, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, several temples and shrines, and many office buildings. Higashi-Gotanda also has a number of hotels, including some of the famed capsule hotel style. The sprawling world headquarters of Sony used to be found along Sony Dōri the eastern edge of Higashi-Gotanda, but most of the complex has moved to adjacent Shinagawa, Minato Ward
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Harajuku
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Harajuku is a district in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. Harajuku is the name given to a geographic area spreading from Harajuku Station to Omotesando. In popular reference Harajuku also encompasses many smaller backstreets such as Takeshita Street, Harajuku is known internationally as a center of Japanese youth culture and fashion. In the pre Edo period, the area came to be known as Harajuku was a small post town on the Kamakura Highway. It was said that in the Gosannen War, Minamoto no Yoshiie mustered his soldiers in this area, in the Edo period, an Iga clan residence was put in Harajuku to defend Edo, due to its strategic location south of the Koshu Road. Other than the mansion of the Hiroshima Domain feudal lord Asano, the livelihood of the farmers consisted mainly of rice cleaning and flour milling with the watermill at the Shibuya River. However, due to the quality of the land, production never succeeded. It is said that local farmers often performed rain-making invocations at local shrines in an attempt to improve their fortunes, there are also the tales Oyama-Afuri Shrine of Tanzawa and Worship on the day trip to Mt Haruna remaining. At the start of the Meiji period in 1868, the land around Harajuku Village was owned by the shogunate, in November of the same year, the towns and villages of Shibuya Ward, including Harajuku Village, were placed under the jurisdiction of the Tokyo Prefecture. In 1906, Harajuku Station was opened as a part of the expansion of the Yamanote Line, in 1919, with the establishment of Meiji Shrine, Omotesando was widened and reordered as a formal approach route. In 1940, the Tōgō Shrine was built and consecrated in honor of Imperial Japanese Navy Marshal-Admiral Marquis Tōgō Heihachirō, in the final period of the Pacific War in 1945, much of the area was burned to the ground during the Great Tokyo Air Raid. During the postwar occupation, military housing in the area named Washington Heights was constructed on land now occupied by Yoyogi Park and the Yoyogi National Gymnasium. Shops that appealed to the US soldiers and their families, such as Kiddyland, Oriental Bazaar, in 1964, swimming, diving and basketball events for the Tokyo Olympics were held in the neighbouring Yoyogi National Gymnasium. In 1965, the name of the area in the Japanese address system was changed from Harajuku to Jingumae. The name Harajuku has persisted due to the naming of the nearby JR East Harajuku Station. The area from Harajuku station to the area surrounding Takeshita Street was called Takeshita-cho, coming into the 1970s, fashion-obsessed youth culture experienced a transition from Shinjuku to Harajuku, then to Shibuya. Palais France, a building that sold clothing and accessories, furniture. In 1978, the fashion building Laforet Harajuku was opened, in the 1980s, Takeshita Street became known for teenage street dancing groups called takenoko-zoku
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Hibiya
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Hibiya is a geographic name covering a part of Chiyoda Ward in Tokyo. The area along Hibiya Street from Yūrakuchō to Uchisaiwaichō is Hibiya district, Hibiya is used in some local place names such as Hibiya Park and Hibiya Station. Hibiya was a ward named Kōjimachi before Tokyo City was restructured, the outskirts of this district are reclaimed from the ocean, so the name of hibi of Hibiya is derived from the facility for the laver of nori made of bamboo whose name is also hibi. After the end of the Meiji Restoration Hibiya, the city of Tokyo had become a city for there were many buildings including the Imperial Hotel, Rokumeikan, Tokyo city hall. In the 1930s, the first Japanese electric traffic light appeared at a Hibiya crossing point, the once fashionable district has changed into a business street. Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line, a Tokyo Metro subway line runs through the area
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Higashi, Shibuya
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Higashi is a residential district of the Shibuya ward in Tokyo surrounded by the prime residential areas of Hiroo, Ebisu, Daikanyama and Aoyama. Prince Hitachi and Princess Hitachi have their residence in a palace in large gardens off Komazawadori in Higashi. The main campus of the Kokugakuin University is in Higashi, all law and Shinto studies students, as well as 3rd and 4th year literature and economics students populate the Shibuya campus. At the end of January,2006, it was decided that the name of the main building, Shibuya station on the Yamanote line serves as the nearest rail station. There are bus services from Shibuya and Ebisu, serving the educational campuses in Higashi and the Japanese Red Cross Medical Center in Hiroo
34.
Iidabashi
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Iidabashi is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It was in the ward of Kōjimachi, which existed in Tokyo until 1947. Iidabashi is named after a bridge called Iida Bridge, itself named after an Edo-period farmer. Iidabashi Station Iida Bridge Kanda River Several companies have their headquarters in Iidabashi, among them Japan Freight Railway Company, KDDI Nikken Sekkei, and Shohakusha
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Ikebukuro
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Ikebukuro is a commercial and entertainment district in Toshima, Tokyo, Japan. Toshima ward offices, Ikebukuro station, and several shops, restaurants, at the center of Ikebukuro is the train and subway station, a huge urban gathering shared by the JR East lines, the Seibu Ikebukuro Line and the Tōbu Tōjō Line. It is one of the main hubs in the western Yamanote area of Tokyo. Ikebukuro Station is the third busiest station in Japan, and the world, around the station are the Seibu and Tōbu department stores. Seibu, written with the characters for West and Musashi 西武, is on the east end of the station and Tōbu, written with the characters for East and Musashi 東武, is on the west end. East of the station, on the site of Sugamo Prison, stands Sunshine 60, the Sunshine 60 contains a large and popular shopping mall, which contains various attractions including an aquarium, a Pokémon Center, and cat cafes. Adjacent to Sunshine City, on Meiji-Dori, is the Toyota Amlux Building which houses the Toyota showroom, otome Road, a leading shopping area for otaku products aimed at women, is located nearby. Marui and Don Quijote also have department stores in the area, the principal electronics retailer in Ikebukuro is Bic Camera. There is a pleasure district located in Nishi-Ikebukuro, similar to Shinjukus Kabukichō. The old village of Ikebukuro stood to the northwest of the station, most of the area on which modern Ikebukuro is built was historically known as Sugamo. In the Taishō and Shōwa periods, the low land prices attracted artists and foreign workers. Until October 1,1932 when Toshima ward was established, the area was an independent municipality of Ikebukuro-mura, the kanji for Ikebukuro literally means pond bag. Outside the west exit of Ikebukuro station near an entrance to the Fukutoshin Line is a plaque explaining how the area used to have multiple lakes. There is a statue of an owl located near the center of the city called Ikefukurō-zō. It is a play on words from the meaning of fukuro as owl. The owl statue has become a meeting place along the lines of the statue of Hachikō located outside of Shibuya Station. However, the Ikebukuro Chinatown is smaller and less populous than Yokohamas Chinatown just to the south of Tokyo, public elementary and junior high schools are operated by the Toshima Ward. Public high schools are operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education, rikkyo Ikebukuro Junior and Senior High School is in the area
