Nitrogen
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Nitrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol N and atomic number 7. Nitrogen is a nonmetal and the lightest member of group 15 of the periodic table, often called the pnictogens. It is a common eleme
Liquid nitrogen (N2 at below −196 °C)
Daniel Rutherford, discoverer of nitrogen
Molecular orbital diagram of dinitrogen molecule, N2. There are five bonding orbitals and two antibonding orbitals (marked with an asterisk; orbitals involving the inner 1s electrons not shown), giving a total bond order of three.
Nitrogen trichloride
Carbon
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Carbon is a chemical element; it has symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—meaning that its atoms are able to form up to four covalent bonds due to its valence shell exhibiti
Nitrogen
…and in fact are on the Allen scale.) Following periodic trends, its single-bond covalent radius of 71 pm is smaller than those of boron (84 pm) and carbon (76 pm), while it is larger than those of oxygen (66 pm) and fluorine (57 pm). The nitride anion, N3−, is much larger at 146 pm, similar to that of the…
Graphite (left) and diamond (right), two allotropes of carbon
Comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) surrounded by glowing carbon vapor
A large sample of glassy carbon
Graphite ore, shown with a penny for scale