The Norman conquest of southern Italy lasted from 999 to 1194, involving many battles and independent conquerors. In 1130, the territories in southern Italy united as the Kingdom of Sicily, which incl
The imprisonment of Pandulf IV of Capua, after Emperor Henry II's 1022 campaign
The stone castle at Melfi was constructed by the Normans where no fortress had previously stood. The present castle includes additions to a simple, rectangular Norman keep.
Roger I of Sicily at the 1063 Battle of Cerami, where he was victorious over 35,000 Saracens according to Goffredo Malaterra.
Roger I receiving the keys of Palermo in 1071
Normans
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The Normans were a population arising in the medieval Duchy of Normandy from the intermingling between Norse Viking settlers and locals of West Francia. The Norse settlements in West Francia followed
Arrival in England scene from the Bayeux Tapestry, depicting Normans using longships
10th–11th century History of the Normans, by Dudo of Saint-Quentin
The early Norman castle at Adrano
Modern depiction of 11th century Norman cavalry and infantry