North Bengkulu is a regency of Bengkulu Province, Indonesia, on the island of Sumatra. It originally covered much of the northern part of Bengkulu Province, but on 25 February 2003 the most northwesterly districts were split off to form a separate Mukomuko Regency, and on 24 June 2008 the most southeastern districts were likewise split off to create a new Central Bengkulu Regency. The residual regency now covers an area of 4,424.59 km2, and it had a population of 257,675 at the 2010 Census and 296,523 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 302,833. The administrative centre is at the town of Arga Makmur.

Bengkulu, historically known as Bencoolen, is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the southwest coast of Sumatra. It was formed on 18 November 1968 by separating out the area of the historic Bencoolen Residency from the province of South Sumatra under Law No. 9 of 1967 and was finalized by Government Regulation No. 20 of 1968. Spread over 20,130.21 km2, it is bordered by the provinces of West Sumatra to the north, Jambi to the northeast, Lampung to the southeast, and South Sumatra to the east, and by the Indian Ocean to the northwest, south, southwest, and west.