Frank Deford
Benjamin Franklin Deford III was an American sportswriter and novelist. From 1980 until his death in 2017, he was a regular sports commentator on NPR's Morning Edition radio program. Deford wrote for Sports Illustrated magazine from 1962 until his death in 2017, was a correspondent for the Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel television program on HBO, he wrote nine of them novels. A member of the National Sportscasters and Sportswriters Association Hall of Fame, Deford was six times voted National Sportswriter of the Year by the members of that organization, was twice voted Magazine Writer of the Year by the Washington Journalism Review. In 2012, Deford became the first magazine recipient of the Red Smith Award. In 2013, he was awarded the National Humanities Medal, was presented with the William Allen White Citation for "excellence in journalism" by the University of Kansas, became the first sports journalist to receive the National Press Foundation's highest honor, the W. M. Kiplinger Award for Distinguished Contributions to Journalism.
Deford's archives are held by the University of Texas, where an annual lecture is presented in his name. He was a long-time advocate for treatment of cystic fibrosis. Deford grew up in Baltimore, the oldest of three sons, attended the Calvert School and Gilman School in Baltimore, he is a graduate of Princeton University and resided in Key West, with his wife, the former Carol Penner, a fashion model. They have two surviving children: Scarlet. Scarlet was adopted as an infant from the Philippines a few months after his daughter Alexandra's death from cystic fibrosis at age 8 on January 19, 1980. Deford has two grandchildren. Deford met his wife in Delaware and they were married in Newport, Rhode Island in 1965. After graduation from Princeton in 1962, Deford began his career as a researcher at Sports Illustrated. In addition to his writing at Sports Illustrated, he was a commentator on CNN and worked as a correspondent for HBO's Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel since 1995, he was a regular Wednesday commentator for NPR's Morning Edition from 1980 to 2016, when his essays became monthly until he retired in May 2017.
His 1981 novel Everybody's All-American was named one of Sports Illustrated's Top 25 Sports Books of All Time and was made into a film of the same title. Much of the fiction he wrote is set outside of the sports realm, his last novel was the acclaimed Bliss, Remembered, a 1930s romance between a pretty young American and the son of a German diplomat. He was the screenwriter on the films Trading Hearts and Four Minutes. In 1989, Deford became editor-in-chief of The National, the first daily U. S. sports newspaper. It ceased publication after only 18 months. After writing for Newsweek and Vanity Fair, Deford became a senior contributing writer at Sports Illustrated. Deford served as chairman of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation from 1982 until 1999 and was chairman emeritus after that, he became a cystic-fibrosis advocate after his daughter Alexandra was diagnosed with the illness in 1972. After she died at 8 on January 19, 1980, he chronicled her life in the memoir Alex: The Life of a Child; the book was made into a movie starring Craig T. Nelson as Deford, Bonnie Bedelia as his wife Carol, Gennie James as Alex.
Deford died on May 28, 2017, at his home in Key West, Florida. Member of the National Sportscasters and Sportswriters Association Hall of Fame Six-time U. S. Sportswriter of the Year winner Twice voted Magazine Writer of the Year by the Washington Journalism Review National Magazine Award recipient for 1999 Sports Illustrated article on Bill Russell Peabody Award recipient for writer on 1999 HBO documentary "Dare to Compete" Christopher Award winner University of Missouri Honor Award for Distinguished Service to Journalism Winner of a 1988 Emmy Award for his work as a writer during the Seoul Olympics Winner of a CableACE Award in 1994 for writing the HBO Sports documentary Arthur Ashe: Citizen of the World Dick Schaap Award for Outstanding Journalism recipient in 2003 Received ten honorary degrees, most in 2011 from Washington College, Maryland. 2012 Inducted into the Roller Derby Hall of Fame. 2012 Denver Press Club, Damon Runyon Award Recipient 2013 William Allen White Foundation National Citation at the University of Kansas 2013 Awarded a National Humanities Medal for "transforming how we think about sports."
2013 PEN/ESPN Lifetime Achievement Award for Literary Sports Writing Five Strides on the Banked Track: The Life and Times of the Roller Derby, Little Brown & Company, ISBN 978-0-316-17920-1 Cut'n' Run, Viking Press There She Is: The Life and Times of Miss America, Viking Press ISBN 0-670-69858-X Big Bill Tilden: The Triumphs and The Tragedy, Simon & Schuster The Owner, Viking Press Everybody's All-American, Viking Press Alex: The Life of a Child, Viking Press ISBN 0-670-11195-3 The Spy in the Deuce Court, Putnam ISBN 0-399-13134-5 The World's Tallest Midget: The Best of Frank Deford, Little Brown ISBN 0-316-17946-9 Casey On The Loose, Viking Press Love and Infamy, Viking Press The Best Of Frank Deford, Triumph Books ISBN 1-57243-360-4 The Other Adonis: A Novel, Sourcebooks Landmark ISBN 1-4022-0011-0 An American Summer: A Novel, Sourcebooks Landmark ISBN 1-4022-0059-5 The Old Ball Game, Atlantic Monthly Press ISBN 0-87113-885-9 The Entitled, Sourcebooks Landmark ISBN 1-4022-0896-0 Bliss, The Overlook Press Over Time: My Life as a Sportswriter, Atlantic Monthly Press ISBN 0802120156 WSH
Country music
Country music known as country and western, hillbilly music, is a genre of popular music that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s. It takes its roots from genres such as folk blues. Country music consists of ballads and dance tunes with simple forms, folk lyrics, harmonies accompanied by string instruments such as banjos and acoustic guitars, steel guitars, fiddles as well as harmonicas. Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history. According to Lindsey Starnes, the term country music gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term hillbilly music. In 2009 in the United States, country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, second most popular in the morning commute; the term country music is used today to describe many subgenres. The origins of country music are found in the folk music of working class Americans, who blended popular songs and Celtic fiddle tunes, traditional English ballads, cowboy songs, the musical traditions of various groups of European immigrants.
Immigrants to the southern Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America brought the music and instruments of Europe along with them for nearly 300 years. Country music was "introduced to the world as a Southern phenomenon." The U. S. Congress has formally recognized Bristol, Tennessee as the "Birthplace of Country Music", based on the historic Bristol recording sessions of 1927. Since 2014, the city has been home to the Birthplace of Country Music Museum. Historians have noted the influence of the less-known Johnson City sessions of 1928 and 1929, the Knoxville sessions of 1929 and 1930. In addition, the Mountain City Fiddlers Convention, held in 1925, helped to inspire modern country music. Before these, pioneer settlers, in the Great Smoky Mountains region, had developed a rich musical heritage; the first generation emerged in the early 1920s, with Atlanta's music scene playing a major role in launching country's earliest recording artists. New York City record label Okeh Records began issuing hillbilly music records by Fiddlin' John Carson as early as 1923, followed by Columbia Records in 1924, RCA Victor Records in 1927 with the first famous pioneers of the genre Jimmie Rodgers and the first family of country music The Carter Family.
Many "hillbilly" musicians, such as Cliff Carlisle, recorded blues songs throughout the 1920s. During the second generation, radio became a popular source of entertainment, "barn dance" shows featuring country music were started all over the South, as far north as Chicago, as far west as California; the most important was the Grand Ole Opry, aired starting in 1925 by WSM in Nashville and continuing to the present day. During the 1930s and 1940s, cowboy songs, or Western music, recorded since the 1920s, were popularized by films made in Hollywood. Bob Wills was another country musician from the Lower Great Plains who had become popular as the leader of a "hot string band," and who appeared in Hollywood westerns, his mix of country and jazz, which started out as dance hall music, would become known as Western swing. Wills was one of the first country musicians known to have added an electric guitar to his band, in 1938. Country musicians began recording boogie in 1939, shortly after it had been played at Carnegie Hall, when Johnny Barfield recorded "Boogie Woogie".
The third generation started at the end of World War II with "mountaineer" string band music known as bluegrass, which emerged when Bill Monroe, along with Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs were introduced by Roy Acuff at the Grand Ole Opry. Gospel music remained a popular component of country music. Another type of stripped-down and raw music with a variety of moods and a basic ensemble of guitar, dobro or steel guitar became popular among poor whites in Texas and Oklahoma, it became known as honky tonk, had its roots in Western swing and the ranchera music of Mexico and the border states. By the early 1950s a blend of Western swing, country boogie, honky tonk was played by most country bands. Rockabilly was most popular with country fans in the 1950s, 1956 could be called the year of rockabilly in country music, with Johnny Cash emerging as one of the most popular and enduring representatives of the rockabilly genre. Beginning in the mid-1950s, reaching its peak during the early 1960s, the Nashville sound turned country music into a multimillion-dollar industry centered in Nashville, Tennessee.
The late 1960s in American music produced a unique blend as a result of traditionalist backlash within separate genres. In the aftermath of the British Invasion, many desired a return to the "old values" of rock n' roll. At the same time there was a lack of enthusiasm in the country sector for Nashville-produced music. What resulted was a crossbred genre known as country rock. Fourth generation music included outlaw country with roots in the Bakersfield sound, country pop with roots in the countrypolitan, folk music and soft rock. Between 1972 and 1975 singer/guitarist John Denver released a se
National Football League
The National Football League is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided between the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference. The NFL is one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America, the highest professional level of American football in the world; the NFL's 17-week regular season runs from early September to late December, with each team playing 16 games and having one bye week. Following the conclusion of the regular season, six teams from each conference advance to the playoffs, a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl, held in the first Sunday in February, is played between the champions of the NFC and AFC; the NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season. The NFL agreed to merge with the American Football League in 1966, the first Super Bowl was held at the end of that season. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance of any professional sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States.
The Super Bowl is among the biggest club sporting events in the world and individual Super Bowl games account for many of the most watched television programs in American history, all occupying the Nielsen's Top 5 tally of the all-time most watched U. S. television broadcasts by 2015. The NFL's executive officer is the commissioner; the players in the league belong to the National Football League Players Association. The team with the most NFL championships is the Green Bay Packers with thirteen; the current NFL champions are the New England Patriots, who defeated the Los Angeles Rams in Super Bowl LIII for their sixth Super Bowl championship. On August 20, 1920, a meeting was held by representatives of the Akron Pros, Canton Bulldogs, Cleveland Indians, Dayton Triangles at the Jordan and Hupmobile auto showroom in Canton, Ohio; this meeting resulted in the formation of the American Professional Football Conference, a group who, according to the Canton Evening Repository, intended to "raise the standard of professional football in every way possible, to eliminate bidding for players between rival clubs and to secure cooperation in the formation of schedules".
Another meeting was held on September 17, 1920 with representatives from teams from four states-Akron, Canton and Dayton from Ohio. The league was renamed to the American Professional Football Association; the league elected Jim Thorpe as its first president, consisted of 14 teams. The Massillon Tigers from Massillon, Ohio was at the September 17 meeting, but did not field a team in 1920. Only two of these teams, the Decatur Staleys and the Chicago Cardinals, remain. Although the league did not maintain official standings for its 1920 inaugural season and teams played schedules that included non-league opponents, the APFA awarded the Akron Pros the championship by virtue of their 8–0–3 record; the first event occurred on September 26, 1920 when the Rock Island Independents defeated the non-league St. Paul Ideals 48–0 at Douglas Park. On October 3, 1920, the first full week of league play occurred; the following season resulted in the Chicago Staleys controversially winning the title over the Buffalo All-Americans.
On June 24, 1922, the APFA changed its name to the National Football League. In 1932, the season ended with the Chicago Bears and the Portsmouth Spartans tied for first in the league standings. At the time, teams were ranked on a single table and the team with the highest winning percentage at the end of the season was declared the champion; this method had been used since the league's creation in 1920, but no situation had been encountered where two teams were tied for first. The league determined that a playoff game between Chicago and Portsmouth was needed to decide the league's champion; the teams were scheduled to play the playoff game a regular season game that would count towards the regular season standings, at Wrigley Field in Chicago, but a combination of heavy snow and extreme cold forced the game to be moved indoors to Chicago Stadium, which did not have a regulation-size football field. Playing with altered rules to accommodate the smaller playing field, the Bears won the game 9–0 and thus won the championship.
Fan interest in the de facto championship game led the NFL, beginning in 1933, to split into two divisions with a championship game to be played between the division champions. The 1934 season marked the first of 12 seasons in which African Americans were absent from the league; the de facto ban was rescinded in 1946, following public pressure and coinciding with the removal of a similar ban in Major League Baseball. The NFL was always the foremost pro
G. D. Spradlin
Gervase Duan "G. D." Spradlin was an American actor. Known for his distinctive accent and voice, he played devious authority figures, he is credited in over 70 television and film productions, performed alongside actors including Marlon Brando, Al Pacino, James Garner, Charlton Heston, George C. Scott, Johnny Depp. Spradlin was born August 1920, in Pauls Valley, Oklahoma, his parents both worked as schoolteachers. Spradlin obtained his bachelor's degree in Education from the University of Oklahoma, he was a member of the Delta Chi Fraternity. He served in the United States Army Air Force during World War II, where he was stationed in China. Following World War II, Spradlin returned to the University of Oklahoma, where he completed a law degree in 1948, he first began his career as an attorney working in Venezuela and became an independent oil producer forming Rouge Oil Company. Before he turned to acting he was active in local politics campaigning for John F. Kennedy in 1959, he joined the Oklahoma Repertory Theatre in 1964.
A notable break for Spradlin resulted from his work in television in the 1960s. Fred Roos had cast Spradlin in such television shows as I Spy and Gomer Pyle, U. S. M. C.. Spradlin portrayed Commander Maurice E. "Germany" Curts, Communications Officer, U. S. Pacific Fleet, in an uncredited role in Tora! Tora! Tora! in 1970. He was in the late Sixties counter -culture film Zabriskie Point, he worked with Jack Webb on the series Dragnet, playing multiple roles from a safecracker to a low-level con man. When Roos co-produced The Godfather Part II, he recommended Spradlin to play the role of a corrupt U. S. Senator from Nevada, Senator Pat Geary, he played a senator in the 1976 TV miniseries Rich Man, Poor Man Book II. Among his film credits are One on Apocalypse Now, he played the head football coach B. A. Strother in North Dallas Forty, "Carolina Military Institute" commandant General Durrell in the 1983 movie The Lords of Discipline, a conspirator in the attempted assassination of a state governor in Nick of Time, a minister in Ed Wood, the President of the United States in The Long Kiss Goodnight.
In 1984 Spradlin played a villainous Southern sheriff in Tank. In 1986, he starred in the miniseries Dream West. In 1988, he played Admiral Raymond A. Spruance in the miniseries Remembrance. In 1989, Spradlin played a small role in the film The War of the Roses as a divorce lawyer, with Michael Douglas and Kathleen Turner. Spradlin retired from acting after Dick, in which he played Ben Bradlee, he reprised his role as Pat Geary in Electronic Arts' video game adaptation of The Godfather Part II in 2009. Spradlin played the role of Bishop Dyer in a TV adaption of the 1912 novel Riders of the Purple Sage. Spradlin died of natural causes at his cattle ranch in San Luis Obispo, California, on July 24, 2011, at the age of 90, his first wife, with whom he had two daughters, died in 2000. He was survived by his second wife, Frances Hendrickson, whom he married in 2002. G. D. Spradlin on IMDb G. D. Spradlin at Find a Grave
Charles Durning
Charles Edward Durning was an American actor, with appearances in over 200 movies, television shows and plays. Durning's best-known films include The Sting, Dog Day Afternoon, Dick Tracy and O Brother, Where Art Thou?. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for both The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas and To Be or Not to Be. Prior to his acting career, Durning was a WWII soldier decorated for valor in combat. Durning was born in New York, he was the son of Louise, a laundress at West Point, James E. Durning, his father was an Irish immigrant, his mother was of Irish descent. Durning was raised Catholic. Durning was the ninth of ten children, his three brothers James, Clifford and his sister Frances survived to adulthood, but five sisters died from scarlet fever and smallpox as children. Durning served in the U. S. Army during World War II, he was participated in the Normandy invasion. He was discharged with the rank of Private First Class on January 30, 1946. Durning participated in various functions to honor American veterans, including serving as Chairman of the U.
S. National Salute to Hospitalized Veterans, he was an honored guest speaker for 17 years at the National Memorial Day Concert televised by PBS every year on the Sunday evening of Memorial Day weekend. Durning was paid a special tribute at the May 26, 2013 National Memorial Day Concert when "Taps" was sounded in his honor. For his valor and the wounds he received during the war, Durning was awarded the Silver Star, Bronze Star, three Purple Heart Medals. Additional awards included the Army Good Conduct Medal, the American Campaign Medal and the European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with Arrowhead device and two bronze service stars, the World War II Victory Medal, his badges included the Combat Infantryman Badge, Expert Badge with Rifle Bar, Honorable Service Lapel Pin. Durning received the French National Order of the Legion of Honor from the French Consul in Los Angeles in April 2008. While pursuing an acting career, Durning, a professional ballroom dancer, taught at Fred Astaire Dance Studio in New York City.
Durning began his career in 1951. While working as an usher in a burlesque theatre, he was hired to replace a drunken actor on stage. Subsequently, he performed in 50 stock company productions and in various off-Broadway plays attracting the attention of Joseph Papp, founder of The Public Theater and the New York Shakespeare Festival. Beginning in 1961, he appeared in 35 plays as part of the Shakespeare Festival. "That time in my life was my best time," Durning told Pittsburgh's Post Gazette in 2001. "I had no money at all, he didn't pay much. You were getting a salary for performance plus a rehearsal salary. We would do three plays in Central Park for the summer, and you'd do three to six plays every year down on Lafayette Street -- new plays by new writers: Sam Shepard, David Mamet, David Rabe, John Ford Noonan, Jason Miller." During this period, he segued into television and movies. He made his film debut in 1965, appearing in Fireman, he appeared in John Frankenheimer's I Walk the Line starring Gregory Peck, three Brian De Palma movies: Hi, Mom!, credited as Charles Durnham, with Robert De Niro and The Fury.
He appeared in Dealing: or the Berkeley-to-Boston Forty-Brick Lost-Bag Blues with Barbara Hershey and John Lithgow. Durning's performances in Broadway productions include Drat! The Cat!, Pousse-Café, The Happy Time, That Championship Season, In the Boom Boom Room, The au Pair Man, Knock Knock, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Inherit the Wind, The Gin Game, The Best Man. In 2002, he performed in Bertolt Brecht's The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui with Al Pacino, produced by Tony Randall, he played the role of Jack Jameson in Wendy Wasserstein's final play, with Dianne Wiest at Lincoln Center's Mitzi E. Newhouse Theatre. Durning won the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award for his powerful performance in The Westwood Playhouse's 1977 production of David Rabe's Streamers. In 1980, he won critical acclaim for his performance as Norman Thayer, Jr. in Los Angeles's Ahmanson Theater's production of On Golden Pond opposite Julie Harris. In 1972, director George Roy Hill, impressed by Durning's performance in the Tony Award- and Pulitzer Prize-winning play That Championship Season, offered him a role in The Sting.
In the Best Picture-winner, starring Paul Newman and Robert Redford, Durning won distinction as the crooked cop, Lt. Wm. Snyder, who polices and hustles professional con artists, he doggedly pursues Johnny Hooker, only to become the griftee in the end. Other film credits include Dog Day Afternoon with Al Pacino; some television credits include The Connection. In 1976, he received both an
Dallas Cowboys
The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The Cowboys compete in the National Football League as a member club of the league's National Football Conference East division; the team is headquartered in Frisco and plays its home games at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, which opened for the 2009 season. The stadium took its current name prior to the 2013 season; the Cowboys joined the NFL as an expansion team in 1960. The team's national following might best be represented by its NFL record of consecutive sell-outs; the Cowboys' streak of 190 consecutive sold-out regular and post-season games began in 2002. The franchise has made it to the Super Bowl eight times, tied with the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Denver Broncos for second most Super Bowl appearances in history, just behind the New England Patriots record eleven Super Bowl appearances; this has corresponded to eight NFC championships, most in the NFC. The Cowboys have won five of those Super Bowl appearances, tying them with their NFC rivals, the San Francisco 49ers.
The Cowboys are the only NFL team to record 20 straight winning seasons, in which they missed the playoffs only twice. In 2015, the Dallas Cowboys became the first sports team to be valued at $4 billion, making it the most valuable sports team in the world, according to Forbes; the Cowboys generated $620 million in revenue in 2014, a record for a U. S. sports team. In 2018 they became the first NFL franchise to be valued at $5 billion and making Forbes' list as the most valued NFL team for the 12th straight year. Prior to the formation of the Dallas Cowboys, there had not been an NFL team south of Washington, D. C. since the Dallas Texans folded in 1952. Oilman Clint Murchison Jr. had been trying to get an NFL expansion team in Dallas, but George Preston Marshall, owner of the Washington Redskins, had a monopoly in the South. Murchison had tried to purchase the Washington Redskins from Marshall in 1958. An agreement was struck, but as the deal was about to be finalized, Marshall called for a change in terms.
This infuriated. Marshall opposed any franchise for Murchison in Dallas. Since NFL expansion needed unanimous approval from team owners at that time, Marshall's position would prevent Murchison from joining the league. Marshall had a falling out with the Redskins band leader Barnee Breeskin. Breeskin had written the music to the Redskins fight song "Hail to the Redskins" and Marshall's wife had penned the lyrics. Breeskin was aware of Murchison's plight to get an NFL franchise. Angry with Marshall, Breeskin approached Murchison's attorney to sell him the rights to the song before the expansion vote in 1959. Murchison purchased "Hail to the Redskins" for $2,500. Before the vote to award franchises in 1959, Murchison revealed to Marshall that he owned the song and Marshall could not play it during games. After a few Marshall expletives, Murchison gave the rights to "Hail to the Redskins" to Marshall for his vote, the lone one against Murchison getting a franchise at that time, a rivalry was born.
From 1970 through 1979, the Cowboys won 105 regular season games, more than any other NFL franchise during that span. In addition, they appeared in 5 and won two Super Bowls, at the end of the 1971 and 1977 regular seasons. Danny White became the Cowboys' starting quarterback in 1980 after quarterback Roger Staubach retired. Despite going to 12–4 in 1980, the Cowboys came into the playoffs as a Wild Card team. In the opening round of the 1980–81 NFL playoffs they avenged their elimination from the prior year's playoffs by defeating the Rams. In the Divisional Round they squeaked by the Atlanta Falcons 30–27. For the NFC Championship they were pitted against division rival Philadelphia, the team that won the division during the regular season; the Eagles captured their first conference championship and Super Bowl berth by winning 20–7. 1981 brought another division championship for the Cowboys. They entered the 1981-82 NFL playoffs as the number 2 seed, their first game of the postseason saw them blowout and shutout Tampa Bay 38–0.
For the Conference Title game they were pitted against the number 1 seed. Despite having a late 4th quarter 27–21 lead, they would lose to the 49ers 28–27. 49ers quarterback Joe Montana led his team to an 89-yard game-winning touchdown drive connecting to Dwight Clark in a play known as The Catch. The 1982 season was shortened after a player strike. With a 6–3 record Dallas made it to the playoffs for the 8th consecutive season; as the number 2 seed for the 1982–83 NFL playoffs they eliminated the Buccaneers 30–17 in the Wild Card round and dispatched the Packers 37–26 in the Divisional round to advance to their 3rd consecutive Conference championship game. 3 times was not a charm for the Cowboys as they fell 31–17 to division rival and eventual Super Bowl XVII champions, the Redskins. For the 1983 season the Cowboys went 12–4 and made it once again to the playoffs but were defeated at home in the Wild Card by the Rams 24–17. Prior to the 1984 season, H. R. "Bum" Bright purchased the Dallas Cowboys from Clint Murchison, Jr. Dallas posted a 9–7 record that season but missed the playoffs for the first time in 10 seasons.
After going 10–6 in 1985 and winning a division title, the Cowboys were blown out in the Divisional round at home to the Rams 20–0. Hard times came for the organization as they went 7–9 in 1986, 7–8 in 1987, 3–13 in 1988. During this time period Bright became disenchanted with the team. During the savings and loan crisis, the team and Mr. Bright's saving
